Tocluim

is
a
puse
element detection :- extract

X-halogen
along
with C , H in
organic compound mainly N/S/X/1/0 present
-
are :

Organic compound + Na metal

A

strong heat
S
H20

then as filtered solution (to change covalent bond into ionic bond)
↓
(sodium extract)
easily)
ona
(so that rxn can occur
N>
Lassaique extract
Na + c + NaCN

&
Toxic compound are move reactive
-, NacS. Nat S-2
than covalent compound.
2Na + s - .......

>
- c-o
Nat ..... X
Na + X > Nax

C + N +S -> NaSCN.
Na +

It forNi
L S . -
Lassaique extract
did
O L S +
. FeSOy + H2SO4 > Prussian blue colour (organic-N present in given compound)
N must attach with c
/Iron sulphate) & (CN6] 3 XH20
.

NHs X
CH3-CH2-NH2
-

4 i2 NH2-NH2 X

ferric perrocyanide.
②stpractic acd > black ppt appear-confirms element
(CH3100)2PD CHICOON due to
formation ofe. . + 2 CH3200Na

-
lead sulphide.
 for Halogen : -HNOs
Confirmatory test.
Test is used to decompose Nacs and Nach .

AyNOz-AX NaNOs +
Nax + in ammonium
whiteppt O Age--soluble hydroxide (NHOH)
>
-

L S + MNOs +
AgNOs Ager- sparingly
soluble in ammonium
hydroxide.
--

Br
.

> pale yellow

insoluble in ammonium
dark
yellowppt
I AgI . >
-

hydroxide.
Test
for Sulphur Violet/
-

I
I S
.
+ soduim nitroprusside >
-

purple colour I confirm's present.

appear
&& Nac[Fe((N)5 NO] -

Blood red colour appear > both N& S

I S .
+ neutral fects > -
.

Test for : -

Ls + Ammonium
molybdate -> dark yellow ppt appears-confirm 't'
present
#
HNO 12(NHa) 2 MoOn

Test
of alcohol and Phenoli-
couted) - on group attach with sp3C
1) Lucas
reagent test (arhydrous
Inde

Test
given by Observation
Or

1 alcoholi sno
turbidity (30 min) Anhydrous, End Insoluble
inwater
I I
2) 20 alcohol
in turbidity (5 min) conc
(droplates
3) 3 alcohol ! Instant
turbidity (milkiness)
of

-not given by plend ,

end -
- end)
&
↑ test
Group reagent
(give test
to alcohol
2) Cerric Ammonuim netrate test (Mc[ce(Nos) -
group reagent
.

(1
colourless
: 2 ; 3alcohol-Red
-

alcohol R-OM Red colour solution Colony

Rom
(3) Victor
+
(H)[ce(o)E-Red
colour

test (RBN)
.
* Not
given
by
Fig ando soll)
Mayor
Reagent
-
NO2-
:

+
#P + Iz Ag N = 0
P + F2 AgNOz HNO2 I

2) Silver nitrite R- CHe-OH > R CH2-l > R CH2 -NO2 /R-CH NO2
Ag-o-N
-

0
- -
=
-

3) HNO2-(nitrousacid)
Not
given by phenol
1 alcohol ~ Red Colour solution in Base. and enol

2° alcohol > Blue colour solution in Base .

is
3
°
alcohol > No myn .
Note : -
Cerric ammonium nitrate test group
that
reagent
test
gives information
=

group is present
.
-
of
 colour solution Pheno and end
Neutral Feel Solution
: -Test given by Phenol-Violet ↓

+
↓
"Not given by alcohol Not
give Lucas
b
a [Felo-ph)o
given
1
Not Fees .
test .

I violet coloursol")
1)

2)
BayerR
ammonical Cuc
=
alkene ,
alkyne
Terminal
( cold dis Alkaline knnoy called as
Bayers reagent)
=

alkynes
TolleusR
3) Terminal and aldehyde
.

Ammo
AgNOs
>
alkynes whiteppt
-

4) Bromine water-> C = C , CEC ,

phenol ,
aviline
by benzene.
not

5) =so min not

by phenol
- instant end
was
reagent 2-5 min ,
, ,

6) Victor
mayer
+ 3-red 2-Blue-3x(RBN) -
accord

7) Neutral Fees >

-

Pheno and eno not

by alcohol
: ) cerric ammonium nitrate - Alcohol (123-all) group
.
reagent
.
Test of halide : -ag solution .
of AgNOs solution
3R X R Cl Age white ppt - soluble in amonia
↓
-

R-Br
AgBry yellow soluble in ammonia
only by
3halide . < ,
-partially
(ppt) R-I
(Agl(Darkyellow/violet) < Insoluble in Ammonia

Ag-o-M0R-N
HNO2
% R OM-
% R-I ,

30
30
-
can be differenciate by this
crot in sheet)

Test of NO2 : -

Nitoalkane & Nitrobenzene.

Mullikan Barker test :- R N - = 0

0
= TR
1) In-NHyCl A R - N
so
> R-NH-ON > Agy Black/Grayppt.
2) Ammonical AgNOz (TR)

H
acidic
Test
of Test
given by Observation
(He gas released)
Test with Na/Li metal -

o - H
-
N -
H Bubbles of the comes 1 acidic H atom-t
~
=c -
H
out
1 mol Na
,
met
Ig H
X -

H .

Maalhoa Tox
S H

acidich-mol,e of
-

no
of

comes
4 O O

II II
out
&

XM
↑
OC < HegasatSTP
Gg 60
224L.

. = o . I mol
He gas
molcut =

1X2 .
2
noofaudich 0 n =
=
001 X
.