Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp

Hiện tại đơn (be/ V thường) Quá khứ đơn

Hiện tại tiếp diễn Quá khứ tiếp diễn

Hiện tại hoàn thành Quá khứ hoàn thành

Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Quá khứ đơn Quá khứ hoàn thành

Quá khứ tiếp diễn Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn

Quá khứ hoàn thành

GIỮ NGUYÊN

Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn

GIỮ NGUYÊN

Tương lai đơn Tương lai đơn trong quá khứ (would)

Tương lai gần

S + was/ were going to V

Tương lai tiếp diễn Tương lai tiếp diễn trong quá khứ
 S + would be Ving

shall/ can/ may should/ could/ might

Giữ nguyên
should/ could/ might/ would/ had better/ used to
must gồm 2 trường hợp “Tom must be very happy with the gift.” He said
1. giữ nguyên: “phỏng đoán về một thứ gì đó” ==> He said Tom must be very happy with the gift.”
(chắc hẳn/ chắc chắn..) “I must finish the homework.” , said she.
2. đổi thành had to: “bắt buộc phải làm’ ==> She said she had to finish the homework.
(phải/ cấm)

Câu điều kiện loại 1  Câu điều kiện loại 2 (bên dưới)

Câu điều kiện loại 2 và 3 GIỮ NGUYÊN

Loại 2:

Loại 3:

LƯU Ý
Có 1 số trường hợp không thể thực hiện lùi thì khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp trong tiếng Anh:
- Nếu động từ tường thuật chia ở thì hiện tại (SAY/ SAYS/ TELL/ TELLS/ ASK/ASKS…), khi chuyển từ
câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, động từ chính và các trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn/ thời gian được giữ nguyên không
đổi
Ví dụ: My sister says: “I’m going to the supermarket.” → My sister says she is going to the supermarket.
- Nếu diễn tả một sự thật hiển nhiên
Ví dụ: He said: “The Sun sets in the West.” → He said that the Sun sets in the West.
- Câu điều kiện loại II và loại III
Ví dụ: “If I were you, I would not say that.” she said
→ She said that is she were me, she would not say that.
- Cấu trúc “Wish + quá khứ đơn/ quá khứ hoàn thành” (CÂU ƯỚC KO CÓ THẬT Ở HT/TL/ QK)
 Ví dụ: “I wished I lived in Berlin.” Jane said. → Jane said she wished she lived in Berlin.
- Cấu trúc “It’s time somebody did something”
Ví dụ: “It’s time he did the washing-up.” his mother said.
→ His mother said it was time he did the washing-up.
Đổi đại từ nhân xưng, đại từ, tính từ sở hữu, đổi tân ngữ
Khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, ta cần lưu ý đổi đại từ nhân xưng, đại từ, tính từ sở hữu và tân
ngữ cho phù hợp với ngữ nghĩa và hoàn cảnh.

Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp

Đại từ nhân xưng I he, she

you I, he, she, they

we they

Tính từ sở hữu my his, her

our their

your our, their

Đại từ sở hữu mine his, hers

yours ours, mine, theirs

ours theirs

Tân ngữ me him, her

us them

you me, us

Đại từ phản thân Myself himself, herself

yourself himself, herself, myself

ourselves themselves

Đổi trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn, thời gian

Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp

Here there

Now then

Yesterday the day before/ the previous day

Yesterday morning/… the morning before

the day after/ the next day/ the following day

Tomorrow

the morning after/ the next morning/ the following morning

Tomorrow morning/….
 today/ tonight that day/ that night

Ago before

next …
the following …
(next week/ weekend/
(the following week/ weekend/ Sunday…)
Sunday….)

last … the previous …

(last night/ week/ Monday…) (the previous night/ week/ Monday…)

This that

These those

REPORTED SPEECH (Câu gián tiếp)

Dạng câu
Cấu trúc câu gián tiếp Ví dụ
trực tiếp

S + say(s) + (that) + S + V... …

tell(s)
said +(that) + S + V (lùi) He said to me: “I’m going to the party.”
Câu kể
told → He told me that he was going to the party.
lưu ý: say(s) to  tell (s)
said to  told

S + asked (O) + if/whether + S + V …

wanted to know “Are you hungry?” my friend asked me.
Câu hỏi Yes/No
wondered → My friend asked me if I was hungry.

S + asked (O) + WH-words + S + V.. “What is Andy doing?” Jim asked

Câu hỏi Wh- wanted to know → Jim wanted to know what Andy was
wondered doing.

S + asked (+O) + (not) to V …

told

Câu mệnh demanded “Don’t smoke here.” my father told Pete.

lệnh/ yêu cầu asked → My father told Pete not to smoke there.
ordered
…

1. “I want to go home now.”, said Linda ________________________________________________

2. “I can’t stand classical music”, said Hung ________________________________________________
3. “We’ll come again”, said Dang. ________________________________________________
4. “I need money to visit my parents tomorrow”, said Hoa __________________________________________
5. “I don’t know how much it costs”, said Kiet. ________________________________________________
6. “Duy doesn’t like going to parties”, said Nga ________________________________________________
7. “I’m not feeling very well”, said Simon. ________________________________________________
8. “The plane will land in half an hour”, said Bill ________________________________________________
9. Sally said, “I like cheese, but I don’t like chocolate”. ____________________________________________
10. Mary said, “I am planning to take a trip”. ________________________________________________
11. Mr. Rice said, “I’m going to Chicago next Friday”. _____________________________________________
12. Eric said, “I’ll come to the meeting right now”. ________________________________________________
13. Jean said, “I can’t afford to buy a new car”. ________________________________________________
14. Jessica said, “I may go to the library with my mom”. ______________________________________________
15. Miss Young said, “I must talk to Professor Reed”. ________________________________________________
16. Alice said, “I should visit my aunt and uncle tomorrow”. __________________________________________
17. Jim said, “I am sleepy now”. ________________________________________________
18. They said, “We are washing our car”. ________________________________________________
19. “I want to go home now.”, said Linda ________________________________________________
20. “I can’t stand classical music”, said Hung ________________________________________________
21. “We’ll come again”, said Dang. ________________________________________________
22. “I need money to visit my parents tomorrow”, said Hoa __________________________________________
23. “I don’t know how much it costs”, said Kiet. ________________________________________________
24. “Duy doesn’t like going to parties”, said Nga ________________________________________________
25. “I’m not feeling very well”, said Simon. ________________________________________________
26. “The plane will land in half an hour”, said Bill ________________________________________________
27. Sally said, “I like cheese, but I don’t like chocolate”. ____________________________________________
28. Mary said, “I am planning to take a trip”. ________________________________________________
29. Mr. Rice said, “I’m going to Chicago next Friday”. _____________________________________________
30. Eric said, “I’ll come to the meeting right now”. ________________________________________________
31. Jean said, “I can’t afford to buy a new car”. ________________________________________________
32. Jessica said, “I may go to the library with my mom”. ______________________________________________
33. Miss Young said, “I must talk to Professor Reed”. ________________________________________________
34. Alice said, “I should visit my aunt and uncle tomorrow”. __________________________________________
35. Jim said, “I am sleepy now”. ________________________________________________
36. They said, “We are washing our car”. ________________________________________________
37. The little boy said, “I feel ill”. ________________________________________________
38. She said, “I’ll see you tomorrow”. ________________________________________________
39. He said, “I saw her yesterday”. ________________________________________________
40. She said, “I don’t like this film”. ________________________________________________
41. She said, “Peter and Sure are getting married tomorrow”. __________________________________________
42. He said, “I’m meeting them at 4 o’clock today”. ________________________________________________
43. They said, “Mary really likes this dress”. ________________________________________________
44. They said, “We’ll see her next summer”. ________________________________________________
45. He said, “I’ll see Mary on Sunday”. ________________________________________________
46. “I’ll pay him if I can” she said, Mike said. ________________________________________________
47. “I want a camera for my birthday,” he said. ________________________________________________
48. “Breakfast will not be served after 9. 30” said the notice. _____________________________________
49. He said, “I met her about 3 months ago”. ________________________________________________
50. She said, “My parents are arriving next week”. ______________________________________________
51. Marry said, “I have to go now”. ________________________________________________
52. The policeman said, “You can park your car in West Street” ___________________________________
53. Tom said, “New York is bigger than London”. ________________________________________________
54. William said, “I won’t visit her again”. ________________________________________________
55. “I had gone out before your came, Linda.”, said Mr.Tom
________________________________________________
56. “If I were a millionaire, I would travel around the world.”
57. She said: “If I have free time, I will cook all day and experiment with new recipes.”
58. He said: “If I had more money, I would buy a new house for my mother”.
59. They said: “If she had put more effort into practicing, she would have not failed the driving test”.
60. She said, "If I win the lottery, I can afford that expensive car."
61. He asked, "If it snows tomorrow, will the flight be delayed?"
62. They said, "If she doesn’t arrive on time, she will miss the meeting."
63. He asked, "If you had one wish, what would you wish for?"
64. She said, "If I meet him in the school, I will invite him to our home.”
65. The father said, “If you don't finish your homework, you will fail the math exam”.
66. Mr.Jack said, “If you have experience in developing software, you’ll be selected for the programmer position.”
67. They said, "If you had arrived earlier, you could watch her performance."
68. He said, "If I could speak French fluently, I would move to France."
69. She said, “If you earn an A on the test, I will allow you to go to the concert”.
70. They said, “We may go past your house.”
71. “You must hand in the project this Thursday morning” my manager said
72. He said, “I must do the duty with care.”
73. “You must give me your report tomorrow”, the boss said.
74. She said, “You must be very satisfied.”
75. He said, “I need to buy a new toothbrush.”
76. “You should study hard for the exam”, my friend said.
77. “I will buy you a new car”, my husband said.
78. He tells me, “I don’t know the answer to your question.”
79. She says: “I’m going to Ha Noi next week“.
80. My friend says to me: “The trees are green.”
81. "I and you will go with her father tomorrow", he says to me
82. My teacher said, “Russia is the biggest country in the world.”
83. He said, “I was eating when she called me.”
84. He said, “They might win the game.”
85. He said, “I wish I were richer.”
86. He said, “It’s time we went to the station.”
87. “You’d better get your stomach checked by a doctor” He said
88. “You must give me your report tomorrow”, the boss said.
89. “The sun rises in the east”, the teacher said
90. “When I saw them, they were playing tennis”, he said.
91. “I wish I were a girl”, Peter said.
92. “I wish they hadn’t come to the party”, Peter said.
93. Nancy said, “I wish I were born in Korea”
94. “I used to visit my parents at the weekends”, May said.
95. “I would like to come to Peter’s birthday party next Saturday.” she said.
96. Linda told me:” The World War I started in 1914 and ended in 1918.”