REPORTED SPEECH

¶ Câu tường thuật (Reported Speech) thường đươc giới thiệu bằng các động từ như: “say, tell, ask, report, ...” và gọi là
động từ tường thuật.
¶ Nếu động từ tường thuật chia ở thì Quá khứ đơn, thì khi đổi từ Trực tiếp (Direct Speech) sang Gián tiếp (Reported
Speech) ta phải thay đổi các nội dung sau đây:
Nội dung thay đổi Direct Speech Reported Speech
- Chủ ngữ
+I + he – she – (I)
+ We + They
+ You (Trước động từ) + he – she – (I)
- Tân ngữ
+ me + him – her – (me)
- Đổi ngôi
+ You (sau động từ, giới từ) + him – her – (me)
+ us + them
- Tính từ sở hữu
+ my + his – her – (my)
+ our +N + their +N
+ your + his – her – (my)
Hiện tại đơn Quá khứ đơn
Hiện tại tiếp diễn Quá khứ tiếp diễn
Hiện tại hoàn thành Quá khứ hoàn thành
Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn
Quá khứ đơn Quá khứ hoàn thành
- Thay đổi thì Quá khứ tiếp diễn Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn
(theo nguyên tắc lùi Will Would
thì) Can Could
Shall Should
May Might
Must / Have to + Vo Had to + Vo
This that
These those
Here there
Now then / at that time
- Đổi đại từ chỉ định Today (on) that day
và trạng từ chỉ thời Tomorrow the next day/ the following day/ the day
gian, nơi chốn after
next ____ the following _____/the ____ after
Yesterday the day before / the previous day
last ____ The _____ before/ the previous ___
______ ago _______ before (earlier)
1. Tường thuật câu khẳng định (Statement):
Động từ tường thuật là “said to” thì đổi thành “told”.
Câu trực tiếp S + said (to O) + “S + V + .......”
Câu gián tiếp S+ Said + (that) + S(đổi ngôi) + V(lùi thì) + ...
(Reported Speech) told + O
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 …
...
Ex: 1. He said to me, “I will fly to New York next week.”
¨ He told me (that) he would fly to New York the following week.
2.Jessica said, “I have to do the task with Peter.”
¨ Jessica _______________________________
3.He said to me: “I haven’t finished my work.”
¨ He _____________________________________
1. Tường thuật câu hỏi (Questions)
* Các động từ tường thuật: asked, wanted to know, wondered,….
a. Yes/ no questions (câu hỏi dạng Yes/No):

S + asked + (O) + if /whether + S(đổi ngôi) + V(lùi thì)

Ex 1. The teacher asked us “Do you SEE the biodiversity of this school garden?”
 The teacher asked us if/whether we SAW the biodiversity of that school garden.
2. “Are you angry?” he asked.
 He asked ______________________________
3.“Did you see the film?” Tam asked.
 Tam asked _____________________________
b. Wh-questions (câu hỏi có từ để hỏi):  what, where, when, why, how, who, …

S + asked + (O) + Wh-word + S(đổi ngôi) + V(lùi thì)

Ex 1. They asked “Where WILL we do the volunteer work?”

 They asked me where they WOULD do the volunteer work.
2. They asked us: “Where are you going on holiday?”
 They asked us ____________________________
3. “What are you talking about?” said the teacher.
 The teacher asked us ______________________
þ NOTES:
1. Nếu động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại đơn/ hiện tại hoàn thành ta không lùi thì khi tường thuật.
Ex: Sunny says, “Our band has 8 beautiful members”
¨ Sunny says (that) their band has 8 beautiful members.
2. Nếu câu trực tiếp diễn tả 1 sự thật hiển nhiên ta không lùi thì khi tường thuật.
Ex: The professor said that, “Water boils at 100° C”.
¨ The professor said that water boils at 100° C.
PRACTICE:
EXERCISE 1: Choose the best option to complete the following sentences.
1. Tom said, “I must leave at eight.” – Tom said that he ______ leave at eight.
A. must B. had C. had to D. have to
2. They said that they ______ married soon.
A. will get B. would get C. have got D. had got
3. Mike said,” We have bought these books today.”
A. Mike said they had bought those books that day. B. Mike said they bought those books that day.
C. Mike said they have bought those books that day. D. Mike said they had bought those books today.
4. She told me that she ________ to me the Sunday before.
A. wrote B. has written C. was writing D. had written
5. She ________ me whether I liked classical music or not.
A. asked B. told C. said D. suggested
6. The man asked the boys ________.
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A. why did they fight B. why they were fighting C. why they fight D. why were they fighting
7. My father said that he ________ attend a workshop on climate change the following week.
A. would B.does C. did D. does
8. Ba said he__________ some good marks the semester before.
A. gets B. got C. had gotten D. have got
9. They told their parents that they___________ their best to do the test.
A. try B. will try C. are trying D. would try
10. The mother asked her son _______.
A. where he had been B. whether I had been C. where has he been D. where had he been
11. Martin asked me _______.
A. how is my father B. how my father is C. how was my father D. how my father was
12. John asked me _______ in English.
A. what does this word mean B. what that word means C. what did this word mean D. what that word meant
13. Jack asked me _____.
A. where do you come from? B. where I come from C. where I came from D. where did I come from?
14. I asked him______________,but he said nothing.
A. what's the matter was B. what was the matter C. what the matter was D. the matter was what
15. The stranger asked me where I ____________ from.
A. come B. coming C. to come D. came
16. Ms. Nga wanted to know what time ________.
A. the movie began B. the movie begins C. does the movie begin D. did the movie begin
17. Mary said she_______ there the day before.
A. is B. had been C. will be D. would be
18. Mai asked Quang ___________________.
A. when he will come back B. when he would come back C. when he comes back D. when he is coming back
19. He said that He and his friend _____________ married ______________.
A. were getting/ tomorrow B. are getting/ the next day C. were getting/ the next day D. will get/ the day after
20. He asked me when _____________ there.
A. did I arrive B. will I arrive C. I had arrived D. I can arrive
21. The teacher said, “ I didn’t see her.” → The teacher said ________ her.
A. he had seen B. I hadn’t seen C. he didn’t see D. he hadn’t seen
22. I wondered _________ the right thing.
A. If I am doing B. was I doing C. am I doing D. whether I was doing
23. He _____________that he was leaving way that afternoon.
A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. says to me
24. She told me that she ______________to me the Sunday before.
A. wrote B. has written C. was writing D. had written
25. I asked Martha __________ to enter law school.
A. are you planning B. is she planning C. was she planning D. if she was planning
31. I wondered __________________the right thing.
A. whether I was doing B. if I am doing C. was I doing D. am I doing
32. The scientist said the earth ____________the sun.
A. goes round B. is going around C. went around D. was going around
33. I said that I had met her ______.
A. yesterday B. the previous day C. the day D. the before day
34. She said she had a headache because she hadn’t slept well the ______ night.
A. following B. before C. previous D. next
35. They said that they had driven through the desert ________.
A. the previous day B. yesterday C.today D. the following day
EXERCISE 2: Change the statements into reported speech.
1. “She works in a school”, Linda said.
¨ Linda said________________________________________
2. “My family went to Da Lat last Friday”
¨ She told me ________________________________________
3. “I will come tomorrow!”, Phong said.
¨ Phong said________________________________________
4. "I didn’t go to the Linda's birthday party"
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¨ He told me ________________________________________
5. Lucas said, ‘I have your phone number.’
¨ Lucas said that ________________________________________
6. Joe said to me, ‘You won’t fail the Math exam.’
¨ Joe told me that________________________________________
7. Andy said, ‘I don’t want to go now.’
¨Andy said that________________________________________
8. John said, ‘I will make a phone call to the operator.’
¨John said that ________________________________________
9. Susan said, ‘I’m looking for my English student’s book.’
Susan said that ________________________________________
10. Ms. Paula said, “I will close all these social media accounts”.
¨Ms. Paula said that ________________________________________
11. Mr Nam said, “ I am taking the IELTS test tomorrow.”
¨ Mr Nam said ________________________________________
12. My mother said, “ I didn’t have a computer last year.”
¨ My mother said that ________________________________________
13. The teacher said, “ You must do your homework yourself.”
¨ The teacher told ____________________________________
14. Mary said, “ I want to be a writer when I grow up.”
¨ Mary said ________________________________________
15.Mrs Linh said “ I will spend my holiday in Da Lat next month”.
¨ Mrs Linh ____________________________________
16. Tom said to us, “ I do not understand what you are saying.”
¨ Tom____________________________________
17. “I haven’t been home this evening, Mary” said Bill
¨ Bill ____________________________________
18. I asked them, ‘Did you enjoy the volunteer program?’
¨ I asked them ________________________________________
19. “Are you living in Hanoi now?”
¨ She asked me _____________________________________
20. “Did Quan arrive on time?”, She asked me.
¨ She asked me _____________________________________
21. “Do you live in Hanoi?”
¨ She asked me____________________________________
22. “Did he arrive on time?”
¨ She asked me ____________________________________
23. Lan said “ Can you sing a song?”
¨ Lan asked me ____________________________________
24. Lan asked, “ Do many tourists visit Ha Long Bay every year, Mai?.”
¨ Lan aksed____________________________________
25. “Is the bus station far away?” the girl asked.
¨ The girl asked ____________________________________
26. She asked her son, ‘Where did you put your car toys?’
¨ She asked her son________________________________________
27. My new classmate asked me, ‘Where do you live?’
¨My new classmate asked me ________________________________________
28. Jenny asked me, “What is his name?”
¨Jenny asked me________________________________________
29. “ What are you going to do in summer holiday?’
¨ He asked me ______________________________________
30. “What will you do after graduation?”, my father asked me.
¨ My father asked me ______________________________________
31. Miss Hoa asked Hung, “Where did you go last weeks?”
¨ Miss Hoa asked Hung ____________________________________
32. “Where are you going?” he asked her.
¨ He asked her____________________________________
33. “Which way did they go?” he asked.

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¨ He asked me ____________________________________
34. I asked the receptionist, ‘What time is he coming?’
¨ I asked the receptionist_________________________________
35. “How was the journey?” he asked.
¨ He asked me ____________________________________