Câu Trần Thuật

CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT – REPORTED SPEECH
A. LÍ THUYẾT
Câu tường thuật là loại câu thuật lại lời nói của người khác dưới dạng gián tiếp.
I. Một số thay đổi cơ bản khi
tường thuật
1. Các đại từ
Các đại từ Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
Subject pronouns I he/ she
(Đại từ nhân xưng) You I/ We/ They
We We/ They
Object pronouns me him/ her
(Đại từ tân ngữ) you me/ us/ them
us us/ them
Possessive adjectives my his/ her
(Tính từ sở hữu) your my/ our/ their
our our/ their
Possessive pronouns mine his/ hers
(Đại từ sở hữu) yours mine/ ours/ theirs
ours ours/ theirs
Demonstrative pronouns this that
(Đại từ chỉ định) these those
2. Trạng từ chỉ thời gian
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
Today that day
Tonight that night
Tomorrow the next day/ the following day
Tomorrow morning the next morning
Yesterday the day before/ the previous day
Ago before
Now then
Next (Tuesday) the next Tuesday/ the following Tuesday
Last (Tuesday) the previous Tuesday/ the Tuesday before
Here there
3. Thì của động từ
Tên thì Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
Hiện tại đơn - Vo/V(s,es) - Ved/ V2
He said: "I live in a big city." He said (that) he lived in a big city.
- am/is/are - Was/were
She said: "I am at home." She said (that) she was at home.
Quá khứ đơn - Ved/V2 - Had + V3

Peter said: "I did it by myself." Peter said he had done it by
- Was/were himself.
Mary said: "I was in the park last - Had been
Sunday." Mary said she had been in the park
the Sunday before.
Hiện tại tiếp diễn Am/is/are + V-ing Was/were + V-ing
She said: "we are learning now." She said (that) she was learning
then.
Quá khứ tiếp diễn Was/were + V-ing Had + been + V-ing
He said: "I was sleeping then." He said he had been sleeping then
Hiện tại hoàn thành Had + V3
Have/has + V3
He said (that) Jim had stolen his
He said: "Jim has stolen my bag."
bag
Hiện tại hoàn thành Have/has + been + Ving Had + been + Ving
tiếp diễn She said: "I have been waiting for She said (that) she had been
you for 3 hours." waiting for me for 3 hours.
Tương lai đơn Would + Vo
Will/shall + Vo
Lan said she would call me that
Lan said: "I will call you tonight."
night.
Tương lai gần Am/is/are + going to + V Was/were + going to + V
Huong said: "we are going to have Huong said they were going to
a party next weekend." have a party the next weekend.
Động từ khuyết thiếu Can/May Could/Might
He said: "I can’t come on time." He said he couldn't come on time.
- Must/have to (sự bắt buộc) Had to

She said: "I must take care of my She said (that) she had to take care
little brother." of her little brother.
II.Các loại câu tường thuật

1. Câu tường thuật ở dạng câu kể
Công thức: S + say(s)/said + (that) + S + V
Lưu ý: say/said to sb → tell(s)/told sb

Ví dụ: He said to me: "You are my best friend."
→ He told me (that) I was his best friend.
2. Câu tường thuật ở dạng câu
hỏi
a. Câu hỏi YES-NO
Công thức: S + asked/wanted to know/wondered if/whether
+S+V
Ví dụ: "Did you go with your mother yesterday?" asked he.
→ He asked me if/whether I had gone with my mother the day before.
b. Câu hỏi có từ để hỏi
Công thức: S + asked (+O)/wanted to know/wondered + Wh-words/how + S + V
Ví dụ: The teacher asked: "Why didn't you go to class last Friday?"
The teacher asked me why I hadn't gone to class the Friday before.
Exercise 1: Viết lại câu bằng cách chuyên từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp
1. Nam said: "I am told to be at school before 7 o'clock".
→ ......................................................................................................................................
.
2. Thu said: "All the students will have a meeting next week".
→ ..................................................................................................................................
3. Phong said: “My parents are very proud of my good marks".
→ ......................................................................................................................................
.
4. The teacher said: "All the homework must be done carefully".
→ .............................................................................................................................
5. Her father said to her: "You can go to the movie with your friend".
→ .....................................................................................................................................
6. "Do you enjoy reading?", Phong asked Peter.
→ ......................................................................................................................
6. "Are there any oranges in the fridge?", she asked her mom.
→ ..............................................................................................................
7. "Where does your father work?" the teacher asked me.
→ .............................................................................................................................
8. "How many people are there in your family?" she asked Lan.
→ .....................................................................................................................
9. Tam's friend asked him: "How long will you stay in England?"
→ ............................................................................................................................
10. The teacher said to Lien: "What's your hobby?"
→ ...................................................................................................................................
11. "How do you go to the airport?" his friend asked him.
→ .................................................................................................................................
Exercise 2: Chọn phương án đúng

1. The interviewer asked me what experience for the job.
A. do you get B. did I get C. I got D. you got
2. They asked me whether I was working
A. next day afternoon B. the afternoon followed
C. the following afternoon D. tomorrow afternoon
3. "Where have you been hiding?", she asked. She asked me where hiding.
A. I have been B. have I been C. had I be D. I had been
4. He asked me home the day before.
A. what time I leave B. what time I will leave
C. what time I had left D. what time I left
5. John asked me in English.
A. what does this word mean B. what that word means
C. what did this word mean D. what that word meant
6. She said I an angel.
A. am B. was C. were D. have been
7. Laura said she had worked on the assignment since
A. yesterday B. two days ago C. the day before D. the next day
8. John asked me interested in any kind of sports.
A. if I were B. if were I C. if was I D. if I was
9. John asked me that film the night before.
A. that I saw B. had I seen C. if I had 10. She asked D. if had I seen
me the seat or not.
A. if / had occupied B. whether / was occupied
C. if / has been occupied D. whether / occupied
11. The policeman asked us
A. had any of us seen the accident happen
B. if had any of us seen the accident happen
C. whether any of us had seen the accident happen
D. that if any of us had seen the accident happen
12. I asked him but he said nothing.
A. what the matter was B. what was the matter
C. the matter was what D. what's the matter was
13. James him up when the bus reached the square.
A. told me wake B. asked me to wake
C. said me to wake. D. requested me waking
14. I wonder we'll catch the bus we'll take a taxi
A. if / and whether B. whether / or that C. if / or that D. whether / or whether
15. Excuse me. Could you tell me ?
A. what time is it B. what is the time C. what time it is D. it is what time
16. We wonder from his office after that scandal.
A. why did he not resign B. why he did not resign
C. why he not resign D. why didn't he resign
17. Jeff wanted to know .
A. that why were his friends laughing B. why were his friends laughing
C. why his friends were laughing D. the reason why his friends laughing
18. Mr Hawk told me that he would give me his answer the day.
A. previous B. following C. before D. last
19. She him whether he liked the steak she cooked.
A. asks B. wondered C. wanted to know D. asked
20. His neighbours sometimes wondered ____he did for a living.
A. why B. when C. where D. what

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CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT – REPORTED SPEECH

Quá khứ đơn - Ved/V2 - Had + V3

- Must/have to (sự bắt buộc) Had to

II.Các loại câu tường thuật

Lưu ý: say/said to sb → tell(s)/told sb

1. Nam said: "I am told to be at school before 7 o'clock".

Exercise 2: Chọn phương án đúng

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