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    Lecture Outline - Bones CH 6 PT 1

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    Lecture Outline - Bones CH 6 PT 1

    Uploaded by

    allisonkempenich
    6 views5 pages

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    lecture outline - bones ch 6 pt 1

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    6 views5 pages

    Lecture Outline - Bones CH 6 PT 1

    Uploaded by

    allisonkempenich

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    BIOL 201 Lecture Outline Bones and Bone Tissue Ch.

    6 Part 1
    1. Skeletal System
    a. An organ system with tissues that grow and change throughout life
     Bones
     Cartilages
     ligaments
    b. functions

    2. Cartilage
    a. Semi-rigid connective tissue
    1) Not as strong as bone, more flexible
    2) Mature cartilage is avascular
    b. cells
    1) chondroblasts – immature, produce
    cartilage ECM
    2) chondrocytes – mature
     live in lacunae – small open spaces
    lacunae chondrocyte

    1
    c. types of cartilage
    1) hyaline –
     between bones in joints (articular)
     between sternum and ribs (costal)
     nose, trachea
    2) fibrocartilage
     intervertebral discs
     pubic symphysis
    3) elastic
     ear
     epiglottis
    d. Functions of cartilage
    1) Support soft tissues
     Airways in respiratory system
     Auricle of ear
    2) Articulations
     Where bones meet
    3) Precursor for bone growth
     Fetal long bones

    3. Bones
    a. Living organs containing
    1) Primarily connective tissue
    2) ECM is sturdy and rigid
    3) Strengthened by calcification
    b. Functions – same as for skeletal system
    c. Naming – based on shape

    2
    4. Long Bone Anatomy
    a. Diaphysis (shaft) – elongated, usually cylindrical
    b. Epiphyses
    1) Knobby enlarged ends
    2) Strengthen joints
    3) Attachment site for tendons/ligaments
    c. Epiphyseal line
    1) Ossified epiphyseal (growth) plate remnant
    d. Hyaline (Articular) cartilage
    1) Thin layer of hyaline cartilage on epiphyses
    2) Reduces friction between articulating bones
    e. Medullary/marrow cavity
    1) Cylindrical space in diaphysis
    2) Usually contains yellow bone marrow
     Yellow bone marrow – fatty tissue
     Red marrow, especially until age 5, begins being replaced
    by yellow
    f. Nutrient artery – provides blood to internal structures of long bones
    g. Spongy bone

    3
    1) Inner, honeycomb-like bone
    2) Strength, space for marrow
    3) Contains red bone marrow – produces blood cells
    h. Compact bone
    1) Hard, dense outer bone
    2) strength
    5. Bone coverings
    a. Periosteum
    1) Lines external surfaces of bones
    2) Tough, fibrous connective tissue
    3) Contains blood vessels and nerves
    4) Attached to underlying bone by perforating fibers
    b. Endosteum
    1) Lines inner surfaces of bone
    2) Lines marrow cavity

    4
    Long Bone

    Hyaline epiphyseal lines


    cartilage

    red marrow
    (spongey
    bone)
    epiphyse
    Endosteu
    s
    m (white
    Nutrient Medullary line)
    artery cavity
    Perforating
    fibers

    periosteum Compact
    bone
    Diaphysis
    Yellow
    marrow Know
    functions
    and
    locations

    epiphyses
    Spongy
    bone

    Hyaline
    cartilage
    periosteu
    m
    Perforating
    fibers

    Compact
    bone

    spongy bone
    w/ red bone
    marrow
    Short/flat/
    irregular/
    sesamoid bones
    5

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