Phy 24-20

2024/21/May/June
4 (a) Ultrasound of frequency 30 kHz has a wavelength of 0.011 m in air.

(i) State what is meant by ‘frequency’. [1]
(ii) Calculate the speed of ultrasound in air. [2]
5 Fig. 5.1 shows part of a circuit containing a 240 V mains supply connected to a lamp and two heaters of
resistance 40 Ω and 60 Ω.
(a) Complete Fig. 5.1 by drawing the symbol for a fuse in the gap in the circuit. [1]
(b) (i) On Fig. 5.2 sketch a current−voltage graph for a filament lamp.
(ii) Explain the shape of the current−voltage graph drawn in (i). [2]
(c) Calculate the current at point P in the circuit shown in Fig. 5.1. [3]
(d) The current in the lamp is 1.5 A.
(i) Suggest a suitable fuse rating for the fuse. [1]
(ii) Explain why a fuse rating much larger than the value in (i) is not suitable. [2]
(iii) Explain why it is necessary to connect a fuse in the live wire rather than the neutral wire or earth
wire. [1]
[Total: 11]
6 Fig. 6.1 shows the structure of a simple electric motor.
The current in the coil causes the coil to rotate.

A student notices that the coil turns in the direction shown by the curved arrow in Fig. 6.1.
(a) (i) State what happens to the motor if a stronger magnet is used. [1]
(ii) On Fig. 6.1 mark and label:
• the direction of the current in the coil
• the direction of the magnetic field. [1]
(iii) Explain why the coil turns. [2]
(b) Two vertical wires carry equal currents in opposite directions. They pass at right angles through a piece
of card as shown in Fig. 6.2.
(i) On Fig. 6.3 sketch the pattern of the magnetic field produced.
Indicate the direction of the magnetic field on the pattern that you draw. [3]
(ii) The currents in the two wires cause the wires to repel each other.
Explain how the current in one wire causes a force on the other wire. [2]
[Total: 9]
2024/22/May/June
4 (a) Fig. 4.1 shows light passing through a triangular glass prism.
(i) State the value of the angle of incidence at point P. [1]

(ii) Draw the normal and the angle of incidence at point R.
Label the angle of incidence. [2]
(iii) State two conditions needed so that no light refracts from the glass into the air at point Q.
[2]
(b) Information is sent across the internet using pulses of visible light through long, thin glass fibres and
electrical signals through copper wires.
(i) State the name of one other type of electromagnetic radiation used to transmit information
through long, thin glass fibres. [1]
(ii) Suggest two advantages of using glass fibres rather than copper wires to transmit
information from the internet. [2]
[Total: 8]
5 An initially uncharged rubber balloon is rubbed with a woollen cloth as shown in Fig. 5.1.
Rubbing the balloon causes the balloon to have a negative charge.
(a) (i) On Fig. 5.1, complete the labels on the diagram. [2]
(ii) Explain why the balloon stays negatively charged for a long time. [2]
[Total: 4]
6 Fig. 6.1 shows a circuit diagram containing a battery, a light-dependent resistor (LDR) and a fixed resistor
of resistance 240 Ω connected in series.
There is a lamp near the circuit. Light from the lamp is incident on the LDR when the lamp is switched on.
Fig. 6.2 shows the current−voltage graph for the LDR with the lamp switched on and with the lamp
switched off.
(a) State Ohm’s law. [2]

(b) Explain how the graph lines in Fig. 6.2 show that Ohm’s law applies to the LDR. [1]
(c) Use values from Fig. 6.2 to explain the effect of light on the resistance of the LDR. [2]
(d) With the lamp switched on, the current in the LDR is 0.050 A.
(i) Determine the current in the fixed resistor. [1]
(ii) Calculate the electromotive force (e.m.f.) of the cell. [3]
[Total: 9]
7 (a) A plotting compass contains a needle. The needle is a small magnet that can rotate about its centre.
Fig. 7.1 shows the plotting compass placed close to a bar magnet.
(i) On Fig. 7.1 mark the magnetic poles on the bar magnet. [1]
(ii) There is a piece of paper underneath the magnet.
Describe how the compass is used to plot the magnetic field line that passes from one
pole to the other and through P. [3]
(iii) Describe how to use the compass in Fig. 7.1 to determine the direction of the magnetic field at P. [1]
(b) Fig. 7.2 shows the apparatus a student uses to produce an alternating current (a.c.).
The magnet is moved into and out of the coil.

(i) Explain why a current is produced when the magnet moves. [2]
(ii) Describe the movement of the magnet that produces an a.c. of frequency 0.50 Hz. [1]
(iii) Describe how the centre-zero ammeter shows the current is a.c. rather than d.c. [1]
(iv) Explain why increasing the frequency of the a.c. produced also increases the magnitude (size) of
the a.c produced. [1]
[Total: 10]

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2024/21/May/June

4 (a) Ultrasound of frequency 30 kHz has a wavelength of 0.011 m in air.

The current in the coil causes the coil to rotate.

(i) State the value of the angle of incidence at point P. [1]

(a) State Ohm’s law. [2]

The magnet is moved into and out of the coil.

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