Collaborators Lauren Kek

SAARA
Ella Chang
BASUCHOUDHARY Sasha Blank
EvansToumazato
Math 211 – Multivariate Calculus – Homework 2 (Section
12.3–12.4)

Due: Friday September 22nd at 5pm

You may use the textbook and your notes, and you’re welcome to discuss the problems with one another or with me.
However, your final answers should be written on your own and in your own words.

At the top of the first page, please list any classmates you collaborated with while working on these exercises (so that we
know to expect similar solutions).

1. Compute the projected vector proja (b) where

(a) a = ( 2, 4, 8) and b = (12, 1, 2).

(b) a = (1, 2, 3) and b = (5, 0, 1).
(c) a = (3, 3, 1) and b = (2, 4, 1).
2. If u and v are two points in R3 , write an equation describing the set of points which are the same distance
away from u and v. Draw a picture of this set in the case where u = i and v = j.

3. Suppose that u is a non-zero vector in R3 . Let v and w be two other vectors.

(a) Suppose that u · v = u · w. Does it follow that v = w? Why or why not?
(b) Suppose that u ⇥ v = u ⇥ w. Does it follow that v = w? Why or why not?
(c) Suppose that u · v = u · w and u ⇥ v = u ⇥ w. Does it follow that v = w? Why or why not?·

4. Define the scalar triple product of three vectors to be u · (v ⇥ w).

(a) Show that the triple product is unchanged by cyclically permuting the three vectors. In other words, check
that for any three vectors u, v and w we have

u · (v ⇥ w) = v · (w ⇥ u) = w · (u ⇥ v).

(b) Use the properties of the dot and cross product to show that the triple product u · (v ⇥ w) is equal to
zero if and only if the three vectors u, v, w all lie within a plane.
(c) Use the triple product to check that the vectors i + 5j 2k, 3i j and 5i + 9j 4k all lie within a plane.
5. Consider a triangle in R3 with vertices A, B and C. Write u for the vector from A to B, v for the vector from
B to C and w for the vector from C to A.
(a) Justify the following equations using the properties of the cross product:

u ⇥ v = v ⇥ w = w ⇥ u.

(b) Deduce from this the law of sines, which says that if a, b, c are the side lengths of a triangle and ↵, ,
are the angles (with angle ↵ appearing opposite side a etc), then

a b c
= = .
sin ↵ sin sin
1
 2

(c) Now, suppose that p, q and r are any three vectors in R3 with the property that p ⇥ q 6= 0, and with the
property that
p ⇥ q = q ⇥ r = r ⇥ p.
Show that p + q + r = 0 (Hint: see what happens when you take the cross product of p + q + r with the
vectors p and q).

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