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Nguyễn Ngọc Anh Thư

22DH715603

GRAMMAR-TRANSLATION METHOD
-Also called classical method, and first used in the teaching of the
classical languages.
-Helps students read and appreciate foreign language literature
through studying grammar, and improves their reading, speaking
skills as well as intellectuality.
-Teacher dominates the classroom.
-Goal: the ability to translate language in to the other, not the ability
to communicate.
-Vocabulary and grammar are emphasized. Reading and writing are
the primary skills that the students work on.
-Students learn about the grammar rules and vocabulary
deductively.

DIRECT METHOD
-More effective than Grammar-Translation Method in preparing
students to use the target language communicatively.
-No translation. Conveys the meaning directly in the target language
through demonstration and visual aids, without using the students'
native language.
-Teacher and students more like partners in the teaching–learning
process.
-Goal: the ability to communicate in the target language.
-Grammar is taught inductively, vocabulary is learned in context.
-The native language should not be used, students communicate
through the target language and improve their pronunciation and
fluency.

AUDIO-LINGUAL METHOD
-Helps students drill in grammatical sentence patterns, and has
strong theoretical base in linguistics and psychology.
-Acquire the sentence patterns through conditioning: helps students
respond correctly to stimuli through shaping and reinforcement, and
overcome the habits of their native language.
-Emphasizes the teaching of reading and writing before listening and
speaking.
-Teacher provides a good model for imitation, students follow the
directions and respond.
-Goal: use the target language communicatively without stopping to
think, and overcome the old habits of the native language.
-Focus on oral skills, develop pronunciation, intonation and fluency
by imitating audio.

DEDUCTIVE & INDUCTIVE


Deductive approach Inductive approach

-Applied in Grammar- -Applied in Direct Method.


Translation Method.
-Teacher gives examples, -Teacher gives examples,
students memorize them and students figure out the rule or
apply to other examples. generalization from the
-General rule of theory examples.
presented by the teacher. -Students observes and
-Process from general to formulate a general rule or
specific theory.
-Progress from specific to
general

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