Respiration

Respiration
(Case Based)
1. The TCA cycle……… oxidative pathway for carbohydrates fats and proteins.
i) ____________ is the end product of glycolysis, which undergoes aerobic oxidation in citric acid cycle.
a) Acetyl-CoA
b) Pyruvate
c) Malic acid
d) Oxalic acid
ii) When Acetyl-CoA is condensed with oxaloacetic acid, it leads to the formation of ______
a) Citric Acid
b) Succinic Acid
c) Malic Acid
d) Oxalic Acid
3.) Why Krebs cycle is also referred as Citric Acid Cycle?
4.) Name the cycle provides common oxidative pathway for various respiratory substrate, such as carbohydrates fats and proteins.
5.) Explain how Acetyl-CoA molecules are formed?
Answer key
1) c
2.) c
3.) Krebs cycle is also referred to as the Citric Acid Cycle. Citric acid is the first product formed in the cycle.
4.) Citric acid cycle provides common oxidative pathway for various respiratory substrate, such as carbohydrates fats and proteins.
This cycle is also known as Tricarboxylic acid cycle and Krebs cycle.
5.) Before entering the TCA cycle pyruvic acid enters the mitochondrion. Here pyruvic acid is decarboxylated and the remaining 2-
carbon fragment is combined with a molecule of coenzyme A to form acetyl-CoA.
2. The scheme of glycolysis…This requires O2 supply.
i.) ________________ is the end product of preparatory phase in glycolysis.
a) Fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate
b) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
c) Fructose 1, 6-diphosphate
d) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosulphate
2.) ________________ is the end product of payoff phase in glycolysis.
a) Fructose 1, 6-bisphosphate
b) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
c) 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate
d) Pyruvate
3) Give the number of ATP molecules are used in preparatory phase of glycolysis
4.) Name the common step which occurs in respiration in presence of oxygen and in absence of oxygen.
Answer key
1) b
2) d
3) In preparatory phase of glycolysis two ATP molecules are used to produce two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate from
glucose.
4) Glycolysis is the common step which occurs in respiration in presence of oxygen and in absence of oxygen.
3. In fermentation, say by yeast,…. common in higher organisms.
1.) Under ______________________ condition incomplete oxidation of respiratory substrate take place.
a) Aerobic
b) Anaerobic
c) Aerobic and anaerobic
d) None of the above
2.) In fermentation process,
a) pyruvic acid is converted to O2 and ethanol
b) pyruvic acid is converted to CO2 and ethylene
c) pyruvic acid is converted to CO2 and ethanol
d) pyruvic acid is converted to CO2 and ethephon
3.) Name the enzyme which facilitate the reactions where pyruvic acid is converted to CO2 and ethanol.
4.) Name the process which leads to a complete oxidation of organic substances in presence of oxygen.
5.) What resulted in animal, when oxygen is inadequate for cellular respiration during muscular exertion?
Answer key
1.) b
2.) c
3.) Pyruvic acid decarboxylase and Alcohol dehydrogenase catalyse the reactions where pyruvic acid is converted to CO2 and
ethanol.
4.) Aerobic respiration is the process that leads to a complete oxidation of organic substances in the presence of oxygen and releases
carbon dioxide, water and a large amount of energy present in the organic substance.
5.) In animal cells during muscular exertion like exercise, when oxygen is inadequate for cellular respiration pyruvic acid is reduced to
lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase.
4.
1.) Identify the correct statement
Statement 1 – During aerobic respiration, O2 is consumed and O2 is released
Statement 2 – During aerobic respiration, O2 is consumed and CO2 is released
Statement 3 – During aerobic respiration, CO2 is consumed and O2 is released
Statement 4 – During aerobic respiration, CO2 is consumed and CO2 is released
a.) Only 1
b) Only 3
c) Both 1 & 2
d) None of the above
2.) In case of aerobic respiration oxygen is _____________
a) Consumed
b) Evolved
c) Released
d) All of the above
3.) How respiratory ratio or respiratory quotient are calculated in case of aerobic respiration.
4.) Give reason – why respiration is referred as oxidative reaction?
5.) Name the respiratory substrate in which equal amounts of CO2 and O2 are evolved and consumed.
Answer key
1) b
2) a
3) Respiratory quotient (RQ) or Respiratory ratio is nothing but the ratio of the volume of CO2 evolved to the volume of O2
consumed in respiration. It can be calculated by the formula given below,
RQ = Volume CO2 evolved/Volume of O2 consumed
4.) Respiration is referred as the oxidation reaction because it involves the breakdown of respiratory substrate in the presence of
oxygen to release carbon dioxide water and a large amount of energy. This use of oxygen to produce energy from substrate is called
as the oxidation reaction.
5.) Carbohydrate is the respiratory substrate in which equal amounts of CO2 and O2 are evolved and consumed.
5. Respiration occurs in the cytosol…two different ways as aerobic and anaerobic respiration
i) Respiration is _________________
a) Constructive process
b) Energy trapping process
c) Energy releasing process
d) Energy storing process
2.) Respiration is _________________
a) Catabolic process
b) Anabolic process
c) Endergonic process
d) Energy trapping
3.) Name the site of respiration in eukaryotes.
4.) Define aerobic respiration.
5.) Give the balanced chemical equation for Respiration take place in presence of oxygen?
Answer key
1.) c
2.) a
3.) Respiration occurs in the cytosol and around the plasma membrane in prokaryotic cells. In eukaryotic cells, respiration takes place
in the mitochondria,
4.) Aerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen to produce energy.
5.) Balanced chemical equation for Cellular Respiration –
Glucose (C6H12O6) + Oxygen (6O2) → Carbon dioxide (6CO2) + Water (6H2O) + Energy (ATP)
Other important question…

1. A process is occurring throughout the day in an organism 'X'. Cells of the body do participate in the process. During the process,
ATP, CO2 and water are formed. It is not a light-dependent process.
(a) Name the process.
(b) Is it a catabolic process or an anabolic process?
(c) What could be the raw material for this process?5
2. A simplified form of glycolysis is shown in the flow chart given below, where pyruvic acid is the end product.
Write the three metabolic fates, A, Band C of the pyruvic acid and mention against each aerobic or anaerobic condition.
3. The flow chart given below represents the major pathways of anaerobic respiration. Answer the questions that follow:
(a) Identify A, B, C and D.
(b) Name the two enzymes involved in the conversion of pyruvic acid to C.5
4. Study the equation given below and answer the questions that follow:
(a) Name the type of reaction, the pyruvic acid undergoes.
(b) Where does this process take place?
(c) Name the enzyme (A) involved in the reaction.
(d) What is the fate of acetyl CoA formed?
5. The summary equation for a particular phase of respiration is given below. Study the equation and answer the questions that
follow.
Pyruvic acid+4NAD++FAD+2H2O+ADP+Pi⟶3CO2+4NADH+4H++FADH2+ATP
(a) What does the equation represent?
(b) Where does this process take place?
(c) How many ATPs can be formed from 4NADH and one FADH2 shown 'in the equation?
6.
(a) What does the above diagram represent?
(b) What do the letters A, B, C and D represent?
(c) Which among them undergoes conformational changes?5
7. A list of enzymes is given below:
(i) Lactic dehydrogenase
(ii) Ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase
(iii) Cytochrome oxidase.
(iv) Pyruvic dehydrogenase
(v) Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase

(vi) ATP synthetase
Select two enzymes each that are involved in
(a) Respiration only.
(b) Photosynthesis only.
(c) Both respiration and photosynthesis.5
8. Given below is a flow chart showing the interrelationship among different metabolic pathways.
Study the flow chart given above and answer the following questions.
(a) Identify the respective chemical compounds that the letters A, B, C, D, and E represent.
(b) Why is the respiratory pathway appropriately designated as amphibolic pathway?

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Respiration

3.) Why Krebs cycle is also referred as Citric Acid Cycle?

5.) Explain how Acetyl-CoA molecules are formed?

2. The scheme of glycolysis…This requires O2 supply.

i.) ________________ is the end product of preparatory phase in glycolysis.

2.) ________________ is the end product of payoff phase in glycolysis.

3. In fermentation, say by yeast,…. common in higher organisms.

c) Aerobic and anaerobic

d) None of the above

2.) In fermentation process,

a) pyruvic acid is converted to O2 and ethanol

b) pyruvic acid is converted to CO2 and ethylene

c) pyruvic acid is converted to CO2 and ethanol

d) pyruvic acid is converted to CO2 and ethephon

Statement 1 – During aerobic respiration, O2 is consumed and O2 is released

Statement 2 – During aerobic respiration, O2 is consumed and CO2 is released

Statement 3 – During aerobic respiration, CO2 is consumed and O2 is released

Statement 4 – During aerobic respiration, CO2 is consumed and CO2 is released

d) None of the above

2.) In case of aerobic respiration oxygen is _____________

d) All of the above

4.) Give reason – why respiration is referred as oxidative reaction?

RQ = Volume CO2 evolved/Volume of O2 consumed

b) Energy trapping process

c) Energy releasing process

d) Energy storing process

2.) Respiration is _________________

3.) Name the site of respiration in eukaryotes.

4.) Define aerobic respiration.

5.) Balanced chemical equation for Cellular Respiration –

Other important question…

(a) Name the process.

(b) Is it a catabolic process or an anabolic process?

(c) What could be the raw material for this process?5

(a) Name the type of reaction, the pyruvic acid undergoes.

(b) Where does this process take place?

(c) Name the enzyme (A) involved in the reaction.

(d) What is the fate of acetyl CoA formed?

(a) What does the equation represent?

(b) Where does this process take place?

(a) What does the above diagram represent?

(b) What do the letters A, B, C and D represent?

(c) Which among them undergoes conformational changes?5

7. A list of enzymes is given below:

(i) Lactic dehydrogenase

(ii) Ribulose 1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase

(iii) Cytochrome oxidase.

(iv) Pyruvic dehydrogenase

(v) Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase

Select two enzymes each that are involved in

(a) Respiration only.

(b) Photosynthesis only.

(c) Both respiration and photosynthesis.5

(b) Why is the respiratory pathway appropriately designated as amphibolic pathway?

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