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B-strength-of-materials-sp-solution compress

bs civil engineering (University of the Visayas)

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STRENGTH OF MATERIALS 3 PROBLEMS 5. The diameter of a brass rod is 6 mm. What

1. A steel tie rod on bridge must be made to force will stretch it by 0.2% of its length. Ebrass =
withstand a pull of 5000 lbs. Find the diameter 9 x 1010 Pa.
of the rod assuming a factor of safety of 5 and a. 5090 N
ultimate stress of 64,000 lb/in2. b. 5060 N
a. 0.75 in c. 9050 N
b. 0.71in d. 6050 N
c. 0.84 in Solution:
d. 0.79 in FL
δ=
Solution: AE
σu 4F FL
= 2 0.002L =
N πd ûπ þ
ü ÿ(0.006) 9 ×10
2
(
10
)
64,000 4(5000) ý Ā
4
=
5 πd 2 F = 5089.4 N (a)
d = 0.7052 in (b) 6. A wire length 2.50 m has a percentage strain of
2. If the ultimate strength of a steel plate is 42,000 0.012% when loaded with tensile force.
lb/in2, what force is necessary to punch a 0.75 Determine the extension of the wire.
in diameter hole in a 0.625 in thick plate? a. 0.1 mm
a. 63,000 lbs b. 0.3 mm
b. 68,080 lbs c. 0.4 mm
c. 61,850 lbs d. 0.2 mm
d. 66,800 lbs Solution:
Solution: δ 0.012 δ
ε= =
F = σ uπdt = (42,000)(π )(0.75)(0.625) = 61,850 lb (c) L , 100 2.5
3. What modulus of elasticity in tension is δ = 3×10−4 m = 0.3 mm (b)
required to obtain a unit deformation of 7. Determine the polar section modulus, Zp (in3) of
0.00105 m/m from a load producing a unit a shaft delivering 10 hp at 150 rpm. The
tensile stress of 44,000 psi? diameter of the shaft is 3 in dia. and an
a. 42.300 x 106 psi allowable shear stress of 6,000 psi.
b. 41.202 x 106 psi a. 5.8
c. 43.101 x 106 psi b. 6.4
d. 41.905 x 106 psi c. 7.0
Solution: d. 5.3
stress 44,000 Solution:
E= = = 41.9048 ×106 psi (d)
strain 0.00105
πd 3 π (3)3
4. How many 5/6 inch holes can be punch in one Zp = Zp = = 5.3 in 3
16 , 16
motion in a steel plate made of SAE 1010 steel,
7/16 inch thick using a force of 55 tons. The 8. Find the polar section modulus of a hollow shaft
ultimate strength for shear is 50 ksi and use 2 with OD = 6 in and ID = 3 in.
factor of safety. a. 28.97 cu in
a. 5.8 b. 39.76 cu in
b. 3.7 c. 45.45 cu in
c. 5 d. 51.98 cu in
d. 6.2 Solution:
Solution: Punching don9t need factor of safety. π û do4 − di4 þ
Zp = ü ÿ
F 16 üý do ÿ
Ā
τu =
πdtn π þ (6)4 − (3)4 ù 3
55(2000) Zp = ÿ ú = 39.76 in
50,000 = 16 Ā 6 û
π ûü þÿûü þÿn
5 7
9. A horizontal beam 16 ft long is subjected to a
ý 16 Āý 16 Ā
load of 500 lb located to its center. The
n = 5.12 say 5 holes (c)
dimension of the beam is 2 x 4 inches
respectively and its unit weight is 100 lb/ft. Find
its flexural stress.
1

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a. 11,696.34 psi Solution:

b. 10,233.2 psi TL 32TL
θ= = 4
c. 15,677.2 psi JG πd G
d. 15,388.1 psi
θ=
( )
32 3 ×106 (1400)
= 0.0035205 rad
Solution: π (110 )4 (83,000)
û 180 deg þ
θ = (0.0035205 rad )üü ÿ = 0.2017 deg (c)
ÿ
ý π rad Ā
12. Determine the outside diameter if a hollow
shaft whose inside diameter is 1 inch if it is to
replace a 1.5 inch diameter solid shaft for
power transmission. The shafts have equal
torsional strengths.
a. 2.25 in
b. 1.5 in
c. 2.0 in
d. 1.75 in
Solution:
16T 16Tdo
τ= 3=
(
πd π do4 − d i4 )
d o4 − di4 = do d 3
do4 − (1)4 = do (1.5)3
100(16 ) + 500
R1 = R2 = = 1050 lb d o = 1.588 in
2
Shear and moment diagram Use next higher standard size of 1.75 in (d)
13. A circular bar solid cast iron 60-in long carries a
1
M = (800)(8) + (250)(8) = 5200 ft − lb = 62,400 in − lb solid circular head 60-in diameter. The bar is
2
subjected to a torsional moment of 60,000 in-lb
Mc h 4
sf = c = = = 2 in which is supplied at one end. It is desired to keep
I , 2 2
the torsional deflection of the circular head below
bh 3 2(4)3 1/32-inch when the bar is transmitting power over
I= = = 10.67 in 4
12 12 its entire length in order to prevent the chattering
(62,400)(2 ) of the piece. What would be the diameter of the
sf = = 11,696.34 lb in 2 (a)
10.67 bar, if the working stress is taken as 3000 psi and
10. What is the bending moment in ft-lb at the the transverse modulus of elasticity is 6 million psi?
fixed end of a 10 ft truss with a uniform weight a. 4.7 inch
of 100 lb/ft and a concentrated vertical load at b. 8.8 inch
the free end of 1200 lbs. c. 6.7 inch
a. 15,000 d. 9.5 inch
b. 1800 Solution:
c. 1500 Solving for diameter using shear stress formula:
d. 17,000 16T
Solution: τ= 3
πd
û 10 þ 16(60,000)
M = (10)(100)ü ÿ + (1200)(10 ) = 17,000 ft − lb (d) 3000 =
ý 2Ā πd 3
11. Compute the torsional deflection in degrees of d = 4.67 in
a 110 mm diameter, 1.4 meter long shaft Solving for diameter using torsional deflection
subjected to a twist moment of 3 x 106 N-mm. δ = rθ
The torsional modulus of elasticity is 83,000 1 û 60 þ
N/mm2. = ü ÿθ
32 ý 2 Ā
a. 0.27 θ = 0.00104 rad
b. 0.31
TL
c. 0.20 θ=
JG
d. 0.24
2

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60,000(60) b. 9,434 in-lb

0.00104 =
π
32
(
d 4 6 ×106 ) c. 8,000 in-lb
d. 5,000 in-lb
d = 8.75 in Solution:
Therefore, the safest diameter of the bar is 8.8 in. Te = T 2 + M 2
14. Compute the induced/compressive stress, in
kPa, of a steel solid shafting of 50 mm diameter Te = 5000 2 + 8000 2 = 9434 in − lb (b)
and 800 mm in length that is subjected to an 18. The maximum shear stress induced on a 1.5 in
increase of temperature by 80 deg C. diameter solid shaft loaded with a torque of
a. 196,530 kPa 8,000 in-lb and a bending moment of 12,000 in-
b. 181,445 kPa lb is:
c. 162,256 kPa a. 21,763 psi
d. 112,187 kPa b. 62,237 psi
Solution: c. 27,220 psi
σ = αE∆t , α = 6.6 ×10−6 F for steel d. 14,422 psi
Solution:
E = 30×106 psi for steel
Te = T 2 + M 2
û 9F þ
∆t = (80 C )üü ÿ = 144 F
ÿ Te = 8000 2 + 120002 = 14,422.2 in − lb
ý 5C Ā
16Te 16(14,422.2)
σ = (6.6 ×10−6 )(30×106 )(144) = 28,512 psi τ= = = 21,763 psi (a)
πd 3 π (1.5)3
û 101.325 kPa þ 19. The shaft whose torque varies from 2000 to
σ = 28,512 psi üü ÿ = 196,529 kPa (a)
ÿ
ý 14.7 psi Ā 6000 in-lbs has 1 ½ inches in diameter and
15. A steel train rails is 400 meters long, in March it 60,000 psi yield strength. Compute for the shaft
is at -30 C and 40 C in July. What is the change mean average stress.
in length in mm? K of steel = 11.7 x 10-6 m/m-C. a. 6036 psi
a. 421 mm b. 6810 psi
b. 303 mm c. 5162 psi
c. 328 mm d. 5550 psi
d. 503 mm Solution:
Solution: 16T 16(6000 )
τ max = max = = 9054 psi
δ = αL∆t , δ = (11.7 ×10−6 )(400)[(40) − (− 30)] π (1.5)3
3
πd
δ = 0.3276 mm = 327.6 mm (c) 16Tmin 16(2000)
τ min = = = 3018 psi
16. A 5.1 cm diameter solid steel shaft has a πd 3 π (1.5)3
maximum bending moment of 677.9 N-m and τ max + τ min9054 + 3018
τm = = = 6036 psi (a)
an applied torque of 339 N-m. What is the 2 2
equivalent bending stress in MPa? 20. A body weighting 1000 lbs falls 6 inches and
a. 35.14 strikes a 2000 lbs (per inch) spring. What is the
b. 55.13 deformation of the spring?
c. 45.45 a. 3 inches
d. 65.48 b. 100 mm
Solution: c. 6 inches
1
(
Me = M + T 2 + M 2
2
) Solution:
d. 2 inches

1
( )
Me = 677.9 + 339 2 + 677.9 2 = 717.918 N − m
2
1
W (h + δ ) = kδ 2
2
32Me 32(717,919 N − mm ) 1
1000(6 + δ ) = (2000)δ 2
σ= =
πd 3 π (51 mm )3 2
σ = 55.127 MPa (b) (δ − 3)(δ + 2 ) = 0
17. The equivalent twisting moment of a 2-in δ = 3 in (a)
diameter shaft under a torque of 5000 in-lb and - END -
a bending moment of 8000 in-lb is:
a. 13,000 in-lb
3

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