NSTP Chapter Vii

Chapter 7
PARTICIPATORY MONITORING AND EVALUATION
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this chapter, the students should be able to:
1. define monitoring and evaluation and explain their components: 2 analyze the relationship between
monitoring and evaluationentsid
3. illustrate the importance of monitoring and evaluation in determining the sustainability of project.
OVERVIEW
This chapter discusses the meaning, outcome, impact, and methodology of program monitoring and
participatory evaluation, as well as the concept of accountability to the top management.
LECTURE
To monitor is to keep track of the implementation of a project. Monitoring involves the study of the
progress of an undertaking in relation to the agreed- upon schedule, resources, and performance
indicators. Moreover, it identifies "lagging areas" that require intervention. Monitoring has also been
defined as the management function guiding the project towards its intended direction and checking the
performance of workers using pre-determined plans and targets to ensure timely completion.
Furthermore, monitoring is the implementation of effective internal controls which are generally built
into the daily operational activities. Along with other procedures, monitoring can be in any of the
following forms:
1. Assessment of one's daily operational activities
2. Utilization of internal audit personnel or other similar personnel who are performing a wide range of
functions
3. Correspondence with third parties
4. Implementation of additional safeguards
Monitoring is a type of process performed while a project implemented. It aims to develop the project
design in real time. The gathered during monitoring is used to make important changes in the project. As
an internal activity, it provides constant feedback on the progress of a project, ie, the problems it is
facing, and the efficiency with which it is being implemented, i is being information
problems it is the study of the project benefits led an Evaluating changes in income, housing quality,
benefits distribution, such effectiveness, etc.) with the aim of improving the design of future projects.
fectivenation is, therefore, used in selection. Evaluation studies assess the extent to which a certain
project can produce certain results (e.g., increases in income to which ang quality, etc.) and distribute
benefits among different groups. It also
includes a review of overall cost-effectiveness.
cludes toring and evaluation are neither expensive or complicated. They do not require specialists or
technicians. The complexity of these studies can be adapted to fit the needs of the program.
The purposes of monitoring and evaluation are to:
1. assess project results to find out if the objectives and desired changes are being met;
2. improve project management and process planning to better adapt to contextual and risk factors such
as new social and political relations that may affect the research process;
3. promote learning by identifying lessons of general applicability such as how different approaches to
participation affect outcomes, impact, and reach; what works and what does not; and what contextual
factors enable or constrain participatory research;
4. understand-through direct participation in monitoring and evaluation- the different stakeholders'

perspectives to allow the various people involved in a research to better appreciate each other's views
and values and come up with ways to resolve competing or conflicting opinions and interests; and
5. ensure accountability to assess whether the project is effectively, appropriately, and efficiently
executed and accounted for to the key agencies supporting the project (including, but not exclusively,
the donors).
Monitoring Outcomes
Monitoring outputs is not new; it has been the standard practice for a long time. However, it is
imperative to ask: In what way is it beneficial to the target group? What has been the outcome, result,
and impact of a project? These questions have often been neglected since they are difficult to answer.
But confronting them is highly important since the question of whether or not a project
Monitoring Accountability
thaon regarding the outcothe continuous monitoring and recording of information regarding the
outcome and impact of a project are crucial in project steering since they fine-tune activities, thereby
maximizing are
Providers are expected to have their projects constantly monitored and evaluated by outside dexperts
and the project implementers. Constant monitoring and evaluation pati de consideremediate feedback
and facilitate learning Having an external evaluator is considered to be desirable and very helpful in
bringing ing insights coming from an independent and objective perspective.
Evaluation, according to Hall (2012), is the process of systematically assessing the design,
implementation, and effect of certain programs, policies, or projects. In the past, the evaluation process
employed research methods used in the social sciences to determine the impact of public programs and
policies. Modern evaluation has its roots in the 1960s when government policymakers wanted to know
the impact of new public programs.
The evaluation of completed activities is also called ex-post evaluation, post- hoc evaluation, or
summative evaluation. The evaluation of current or ongoing activities is called in-term evaluation.
Participatory Evaluation
Participatory evaluation involves the active participation of the stakeholders in assessing the
implementation and impact of a project. The people concerned take the time to present their own
analyses. The following are some techniques that can be used in participatory evaluation:
1. Forming a focus group
Focus groups are groups of people who ask open-ended questions. The members are allowed to say
anything and be heard. The facilitator will summarize the ideas presented in an overall evaluation.
2. Spearheading participatory action research
Participatory action research involves asking inputs from both the researchers and the participants in
determining issues and concerns.
3. Drawing metaphors
This method is useful for participants who are shy, timid, or reluctant to voice out their comments or
suggestions. In this strategy, the participants answer evaluative questions by drawing metaphors or
word descriptions.
4. Constructing tables
In this method, the participants construct a table or framework that includes the following areas:
objectives/goals, activities, timeframes, strategies, and outputs of the project. They are then asked to
interpret their project table as an evaluation matrix.
CONCLUSION
Program monitoring and participatory evaluation are used to determine the status of a project. Due to
time or financial constraints, however, these efforts are invariably restricted to only a few aspects of the
program. Thus, it is important to identify the most vital issues to be monitored first and how monitoring
could be done using a participatory evaluation technique.

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Chapter 7

PARTICIPATORY MONITORING AND EVALUATION

At the end of this chapter, the students should be able to:

3. Correspondence with third parties

4. Implementation of additional safeguards

includes a review of overall cost-effectiveness.

The purposes of monitoring and evaluation are to:

4. understand-through direct participation in monitoring and evaluation- the different stakeholders'

1. Forming a focus group

2. Spearheading participatory action research

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