LFTF Iii

Lessons From The Front–III
Questions And Answers About Flames Of War
Flames Of War has now been in print for three years Contents
and over that time players have played thousands of Teams ........................................................................2
games. Lessons From The Front–III is the third version
of a compilation of their experience, questions and Troop Characteristics ................................................3
suggestions. Movement .................................................................3
Shooting ....................................................................7
You may notice that some of the answers given here
differ from ones given earlier in response to e-mails. Assaults ...................................................................12
In these cases we have thought more about the issues Morale .....................................................................15
involved and decided that the answer given here makes Artillery...................................................................16
for a better game. Air Support..............................................................18
There are no rules changes in Lessons From the Front. How To Create A Force ..........................................20
The answers given attempt to clarify the existing rules
rather than change them. We do have some interesting Intelligence Briefings
ideas for rules changes that we’d like to share with US Army .................................................................21
you, but to make it clear that these are not official German Army .........................................................21
changes, we have put them all in the Experimental British Army ...........................................................22
Rules section at the end. Soviet Army ............................................................23
To make Lessons easy to look up, it is ordered in the Italian Army ............................................................23
same way as the Flames Of War rulebook.
Combat Missions
Combat Missions ....................................................24
Changes and new sections are marked with a black
box to make them easier to find. Intelligence Handbooks
Warriors...................................................................25
Changes marked with a double line are particularly Diving Eagles..........................................................26
important as they mark places where we have Hitler’s Fire Brigade. ..............................................27
significantly revised our interpretation of the rules. Desert Rats ..............................................................28
Old Ironsides...........................................................28
Stars and Stripes......................................................29
Stalingrad ................................................................31
Desert Fox...............................................................33
For King and Country .............................................34
Avanti Savioa ..........................................................35
Experimental Rules
Experimental Rules.................................................36
Rules Updates
Some Intelligence Handbooks contain rules updates. You will find copies of these updates on the Flames Of War
website (www.FlamesOfWar.com). The current ones are listed below.
www.flamesofwar.com/Article.asp?SectionID=39
Anti-tank Gun Rules (Desert Rats)

www.flamesofwar.com/documents/DR-New-Anti-tank-Rules.pdf
Reconnaissance Rules (Old Ironsides)

www.flamesofwar.com/documents/OI-New-Recon-Rules.pdf
Fortifications And Pioneer Rules (Hitler’s Fire Brigade)

www.flamesofwar.com/documents/Big Push.pdf
Street Fighting Rules (Stalingrad)

www.flamesofwar.com/documents/Street-Fighting.pdf
Sniper Rules (Stalingrad)

www.flamesofwar.com/documents/Snipers.pdf
10 October 2005 © Battlefront Miniatures Ltd. Page 1

Teams
Basing Your Miniatures As a result, we invented the Rifle/MG team. A squad
of two Rifle/MG teams is the equivalent of an MG
Does it matter what size bases I put my figures on? team and a Rifle team, but is much easier to game
Yes and no. The Flames Of War rulebook specifies the with.
standard basing for the game and the game does run So, while we could introduce a mixture of teams in a
more smoothly if you base your figures to match. squad, it's much easier to keep all the teams in a platoon
On the other hand, if you have figures already based the same so we use Rifle/MG teams.
for another game system, they can be used for Flames
Of War without re-basing them. Any advantage players How many machine-guns does a squad of Rifle/MG
gain from different basing sizes will be negated by teams have?
other disadvantages. A squad of Rifle/MG teams has one machine-gun.
Model this by putting a machine-gun miniature with
Which way around do bases go? one team and making the other team up entirely of
Infantry teams are normally based with the wide edge riflemen.
of the base to the front. Gun teams are normally based Visually this is equivalent to having one Rifle team
with the narrow edge of the base to the front. and one MG team in each squad. However, averaging
their effects and counting both as Rifle/MG teams is
How do I base my machine-guns and mortars?
much simpler in play, especially with 15mm miniatures.
Heavy machine-guns (HMG teams) are Infantry teams,
so they are based with the wide edge to the front. Should my Command MG teams have a machine-
Medium mortars (81mm, 8cm, 3”, 82mm, etc.) are gun modelled on them?
Gun teams, however, we find that basing them with Generally not. We rate all teams in an infantry platoon
the wide edge to the front suits them better. the same to keep things simple. This doesn’t mean that
Although most medium mortars and heavy machine- they were all equipped the same in reality though. The
guns are modelled with three crew, we base them on HQ section of most infantry platoons did not have a
a medium base to allow space for the weapon as well. machine-gun. It is only rated as and MG team for ease
of play and gains this benefit from the averaging effect
What size base do I use for my gun? of the rest of the platoon’s machine-guns.
We usually use medium bases for small guns like most
anti-tank and infantry guns and large artillery bases Tank Turrets
for larger guns like artillery pieces. This keeps the When I bought my Flames Of War miniatures, the
bases small enough to conceal amongst trees and turrets were glued on. Do they come off?
buildings. We normally model anti-tank guns with a Yes they do. The glue used is only designed to hold
crew of four. the turret in place for shipping. When you get the
For artillery pieces, the large artillery base allows room miniature give the turret a twist and it should come
for the gun and five crew with space for modelling free.
things like ammunition boxes and discarded shell
casings to give the gun a more business-like look. Command Transport Teams
How many miniatures do I put on a base? Is a platoon command team’s jeep a Tank team?
The diagrams in the Intelligence Handbooks and No. Transport teams that are themselves a command
Briefings will usually give you an indication of how team are counted as Tank teams. These only occur in
many miniatures each base would normally have. the Intelligence Briefings in the rulebook. None of the
Intelligence Handbooks have such teams.
To show a unit of battle-hardened veterans, you could
model fewer miniatures on each base, representing the Any Transport team that transports a command team
few survivors fighting as hard as a whole team of green is just a Transport team as normal.
recruits.
Infantry Teams
What is a Rifle/MG team? Why not just have Rifle
teams and MG teams and put one of each in a
typical rifle squad?
In theory, we should only have Rifle teams and MG
teams. A German Panzergrenadier squad would be two
MG teams, while a German Grenadier squad an MG
team and a Rifle team for instance.
The problem with this is that it's a real pain during a
game to have to make sure that the right teams are in
the right place and that the right teams are being
removed as casualties.

Troop Characteristics
Motivation Commander’s platoon does rally, then other nearby
platoons can once again re-roll their Motivation tests
A Company Command team allows any platoon
to rally from being Pinned Down.
within 6”/15cm to re-roll failed Motivation tests,
but it does not re-roll its own failed Motivation tests. What if the Company Command team is a tank
If the Company Command team takes over a that is Bailed Out? Do nearby platoons still get to
platoon, does the platoon get to re-roll failed re-roll?
Motivation tests?
Yes they do.
Yes, a platoon led by the Company Command team
re-rolls failed Motivation tests. Does a tank within 6”/15cm of the Company
The Command team does not take the test for the Commander get to re-roll Motivation tests to
platoon. Even when the Company Command team is remount after the crew Bail Out?
the Platoon Command team, the platoon still takes its Not for that reason. The Company Commander must
own Motivation tests. be within 6”/15cm of the Platoon Command team for
The only times a Company Command team takes the platoon to be able to re-roll Motivation tests. His
Motivation tests are when it is on its own and for presence near other members of the platoon is irrelevant.
Company Morale Checks. Of course, if the Company Command team is within
6”/15cm of the Platoon Command team, then any
What happens if the platoon that the Company Bailed Out tanks will be able to re-roll failed Motivation
Commander is leading is Pinned Down? Does that tests to remount their tanks.
platoon re-roll its rally test? Do other platoons
nearby? Does a platoon that is being led by the Company
If the Company Command team is Pinned Down, Command team use the Company Command team’s
platoons no-longer re-roll failed Motivation tests. If Motivation rating or its own for Motivation tests?
the platoon the Company Commander is leading is It uses its own Motivation rating. However, some
Pinned Down, so is the Company Commander (since Warriors like Otto Remer are particularly inspiring
he is now part of that platoon). If the Company and have special rules that affect the platoons they
Movement
A team can pivot on the spot at any time in its Guns In Rough Terrain
movement. Does this mean that it turns around its
What is a man-packed gun?
centre point or that it rotates around the front of
the base or model? It is one that is carried on the back of its crew (like a
mortar) rather than towed around by a vehicle.
It rotates about its centre point so that the model covers
the same spot it did originally. What effect does Rough Terrain have on mortars
and other man-packed guns?
Moving Near The Enemy Most Gun teams have to dice to negotiate Difficult
How close can a team pass to an enemy team during Going and find Very Difficult Going impassable. Unlike
movement? most guns, mortars are carried by their crew rather
Infantry or Gun teams cannot pass within 2”/5cm of than dragged on a wheeled carriage. This gives mortars
a visible enemy team at any time in their movement. (and other man-packed weapons) much more mobility.
A vehicle cannot pass within 2”/5cm of a visible enemy Mortars and other man-packed weapons ignore Rough
Infantry or Gun team at any time during their movement. Terrain in the same manner as Infantry teams.
The only way to get closer is to assault the enemy team.
A vehicle can move as close as it likes to an enemy Bogged Down Vehicles
vehicle (even through the miniature’s position) as long If I manage to remount a Bogged Down tank that
as it does not end its movement in the same place as was attempting to cross a hedge, is it now across
the enemy vehicle. the hedge or back where it started?
This seems a little strange at first glance, but in reality When you remount a Bogged Down vehicle it returns
it is very difficult for a vehicle to block the passage of to the point it was immediately before it Bogged Down,
another vehicle except in the most confined spaces. In so in this case the tank would be back where it started
most cases, even if the miniature appears to fill a space, and would need to make another Bogging roll to cross
there would still be room for the vehicle to pass. the hedge.
For the cases where a vehicle would realistically block
passage of other vehicles (such as a narrow bridge or What about if the tank Bogged Down while entering
road), adding a house rule about this terrain piece to a wood? What if it was in a wood?
this effect would be the best idea. If it Bogged Down while entering a wood, it would
remount outside the wood. If it was in a wood, it would
still be in the wood, but would need to take another
Bogging roll to move (or it could just sit still).

Would a tank that Bogged Down while entering a Does a team have to move back to the command
wood be concealed? team in a straight line?
No. The tank halts as it attempts to enter the wood, so No it doesn’t. It must move directly towards the
it remains outside the wood. command team, but it can take small detours to avoid
obstacles or take advantage of cover.
A vehicle has to be the same size or bigger to tow
another vehicle. What how specific is this? Can a Taking Over Command
Panzer III tank tow a slightly bigger Panzer IV
tank for instance? When can a Company Command team take over
command of a platoon?
Taking the example given, yes a Panzer III tank could
tow a Panzer IV tank. They are both approximately The Company Command and 2iC Command teams
the same size. On the other hand, neither could tow a can only take over command of a platoon in the
Panther tank which is clearly much bigger and heavier. Movement step.
Can I tow a Bogged Down vehicle during my What happens if a platoon has the Platoon
Stormtrooper or Avanti movement? Command team Destroyed and is reduced below
half-strength in the Shooting step, but has the 2iC
No. Towing is instead of shooting during the Shooting Command team within Command Distance? Can
step. It cannot be done at any other time. the 2iC Command team take over command, or
does the platoon automatically fail its Motivation
If I tow a Bogged Down vehicle out of an obstacle,
test?
it is no longer Bogged Down. What happens if I tow
a Bailed Out vehicle? Even though the 2iC Command team is within
Command Distance, the survivors of the platoon
It remains Bailed Out, but in a different location. It
automatically fail their Platoon Morale Check and
can still be useful for getting a vehicle out of the
leave the battle before the 2iC has time to take control
enemy’s line of fire.
in the following Movement step.
Platoon Command If the Company Command team joins a platoon,
If a platoon loses its Command team do the does it count as part of the platoon when determining
remaining teams just sit where they are, or can they if the platoon is below half strength?
move towards the Company Command team? Yes. It is part of the platoon it joined for all purposes.
Without the Platoon Command team to tell them what
to do, the platoon remains where it is waiting for the What about if the platoon is fails a Platoon Morale
Company Commander or 2iC to take over command Check? Is the Company Command team also
and tell them what to do. Destroyed if it had joined that platoon?
The platoon can still shoot, but will not move for any Yes.
reason until a new commander takes over.
Can a Company Command team take over
If a team starts its move in command, can it then command of a platoon that still has its own
move out of command? If so, does it have to move Command team?
back into command next turn? Yes it can.
A team can move away from the rest of the platoon,
What happens to the platoon’s Command team if
leaving it out of command. In the next turn and any
the Company Command team takes over?
subsequent turns, the team can either stay where it is
or return to the platoon. The Platoon Command team behaves like a normal
team while the Company Commander is with the
You can use this to detach teams to provide covering
platoon and resumes command when the Company
fire or to cover a flank while the rest of the platoon
Command team leaves the platoon.
move into a better firing position or assault the enemy.
Do I need to announce that the Company Command
If a team starts its movement out of command, can
team has taken over a platoon?
in move towards another team in the team that is
in command (thereby getting back into command) It’s best to do so, or at the very least tell your opponent
or must it move towards the platoon command whether they are if they ask.
team?
Can a Company Command team take over
They must move towards the Platoon Command team command of a platoon from another company?
if they choose to move at all. Sometimes it is a good
idea to move teams from the platoon to link up with No it can’t. A Company or 2iC Command team can
the parts that are Out Of Command, rather than wait only take over command of a platoon from its own
for them to reach a position where they are In Command company or a platoon assigned to support its own
on their own. company.

Command Distance Do I have to deploy my Transport teams on the
table?
Some platoons have both tanks and infantry in the
same platoon. Which command distance should I No. If you do not intend to use them on table, you can
use, the Infantry Command Distance or the Tank leave them off entirely. However, if you do this, you
Command Distance? may not bring them back at a later time.
Use the Command Distance for the team for which Where do my passengers dismount? Must they
you are checking whether it is In Command or not. dismount through the doors or can they dismount
So, a Trained Infantry team would need to be within anywhere?
2”/5cm of a Tank team to be In Command, while a
Tank team would need to be within 4”/10cm of an The rules do not specify where you must dismount
Infantry team to be In Command. (aside from adjacent to the vehicle. Generally most
WWII personnel carriers were open topped, so troops
Conscript Transport teams have to be in contact jumped out over the sides as well as exiting by the rear
with each other to be In Command. Won’t they doors, so that would be the most sensible place to put
have a lot of crashes that close to each other? them when they dismount Some vehicles like heavy
trucks the passengers might have to be all around the
Good point. That was a bit of an oversight. Conscript
vehicle simply to get them all in contact with it!
trucks should use a Command Distance of 2”/5cm.
What happens to the model of a gun when it’s being
Troop Carriers towed? Where does it dismount?
Can one platoon’s transport carry teams from We usually place the model behind the towing vehicle
another platoon? Could my artillery tractors drop (complete with crew if it is glued to the base) to show
off the guns and pick up an infantry platoon? that it is being towed. If it dismounts, it starts its
A platoon’s transport is its home on wheels. Not only movement from that position.
do the vehicles carry all of the ammunition and
equipment that the platoon needs to fight, but they also Can I move my platoon in transports and then
carry all the worldly possessions of the soldiers. They dismount them to make an assault?
would look very dimly on another platoon getting hold You can dismount passengers from transport at the
of their gear, not to mention their worry about the other start of any movement, not just in the Movement step.
platoon giving the transport back if they have to move That means that your passengers can dismount to
again in a hurry! In short, a platoon’s transport is its launch an assault or to counterattack.
own and cannot carry teams from another platoon. Armoured infantry often make use of this technique
to make mounted assaults. First the half-tracks drive
Can I put teams from a platoon in different vehicles
up to the enemy. The half-tracks blaze away with their
from their normal ones?
machine-guns to pin the enemy down, then the
Once again, a squad’s vehicles are its home on wheels. passengers launch their assault, dismounting at the
They will be reluctant to part with their vehicle (which start of their assault movement.
may well have specialist equipment they need) unless
absolutely necessary. Can I use the Tank Riders rule to mount my infantry
You may allocate teams to vehicles in their own squad on flame-thrower tanks?
or section in any way that you choose, however they By the letter of the rules you can,but no soldier would
must start the game allocated to a vehicle in their own be so stupid to obey an order to do so, and hopefully
squad or section. no officer foolish enough to order it.
A team will travel in its own transport vehicle if at all
possible. However, if its own vehicle has been Can I use the Tank Riders rule to mount Gun teams
Destroyed or is otherwise unavailable, they can travel on tanks?
in another of the platoon’s vehicles if there is space. Tanks cannot tow Gun teams (with some specific
exceptions), so unless the Gun team is man-packed,
The German Mortar Platoon in Hitler’s Fire Brigade the answer is no. If it is man-packed, however, the
can have just one truck for two mortars. Mortars answer is yes.
are Gun teams, and the rules say that a vehicle
cannot tow more than one Gun team. How does the If a transport platoon fails a Platoon Morale Check
second mortar move around? and is destroyed and removed from the table, would
With the normal 8cm GW34 mortars, the mortars are an infantry platoon being carried by that platoon
man-packed and carried inside the vehicle, not towed, also be removed?
so the truck can carry as many of these mortar teams No. The passengers can dismount immediately before
as it can carry normal Infantry teams. their transport is removed.
Do I have to have the Transport teams for a platoon?

You must include Transport teams in your force as
they are an essential part of the platoon.

Moving At The Double Do my troops lose the benefits of being Dug In if
they counterattack in an assault?
A platoon of tanks moves along a road At the Double.
The road has a right-angle bend in it. What direction Leave markers indicating the Entrenchments occupied
do the tanks end up facing? What is their direction by your troops when they vacate them. If they return
of movement? to their Entrenchments before the end of the turn, they
reoccupy them. If your troops fail to return to their
The common sense answer is always the right answer
positions by the end of the turn, remove the markers.
with this rule. Of course they end up facing down the
Your platoon will have to Dig In again.
road they are driving along!
A team can return to any Entrenchment vacated by its
If I mount an infantry platoon in the trucks of a own platoon. You do not have to keep track of which
transport platoon and the platoon moves At the Entrenchment belonged to which team.
Double, do the infantry count as moving At the
Double? If I capture an enemy position, can my troops occupy
the enemy’s Entrenchments?
Yes they do.
No. The enemy Entrenchments are laid out facing the
Digging In wrong avenues of approach and may be hard to locate.
Your troops will have to take a Skill test to Dig In in
Does Digging In count as movement? their next turn. This could represent modifying the
Yes. Troops that Dig In count as moving if they are enemy positions for your own needs, or digging new
shot at, even if they failed to Dig In. Digging trenches positions of your own.
under fire is a risky proposition.
If a Gun team rotates to change its field of fire, do
Are troops in Entrenchments Concealed? they lose the benefits of being Dug In?
That depends. If they would otherwise be Concealed, No they don’t.The gunners can still dive into their slit
they remain Concealed. If they would otherwise be in trenches if the fire gets too heavy.
the open, they remain so.
Are Entrenchments Difficult Going?

No, the slit trenches and foxholes covered by the rules
for entrenchments are small and shallow, barely enough
to protect the soldier hiding in them. They are not an
obstacle to movement.

Shooting
What happens if a platoon is shooting at an enemy Can Gun teams that are classed as Immobile rotate
platoon that is has some teams at short range and to change their field of fire?
some at long, and some in concealment and some Yes they can. Immobile guns cannot be Manhandled,
not? and so cannot move without a tractor, but they can
You only take the +1 to hit penalty if all of the teams rotate on the spot.
in the enemy platoon are more than 16”/40cm from
your teams, and only take the +1 to hit penalty if all Can an Infantry team shoot out the side of its base
of the enemy teams are concealed. to allow more teams to shoot from a smaller
frontage?
One of the hardest parts of hitting the enemy in modern
warfare is figuring out where they are. It only takes An Infantry team has a 360-degree field of fire so it
one team standing about in the open to give the rest can shoot in any direction. However, it is then rotated
away. to face the direction of the target. If there is not enough
room to rotate a platoon’s teams, then the team cannot
What if some of my teams can see teams from the rotate and cannot shoot.
enemy platoon that are in the open and others can’t?
Do I use the +1 to hit penalty or not? Firing Over A Friendly Team
Each team rolls to hit separately, so just calculate the Can an Infantry team fire over another Infantry
score needed to hit with each team in turn and roll to team in the same platoon?
see how many of its shots hit the target. Then, once all
teams have rolled, the target player allocates those hits Yes it can. Although the Firing Over A Friendly Team
to valid targets using the target allocation rules. rule refers to ‘gone to ground’, only the team being
shot over needs to be stationary and not shooting. So
Normally, this process can be sped up by rolling for even though the shooting team will obviously not be
all identical teams at once, but sometimes, when things Gone to Ground (it is shooting) and therefore the
get complicated, it is best to roll team by team. platoon isn’t Gone to Ground, it can still shoot over a
team that is.
Check The Range
If a team from another platoon shoots over an
The rules say that I measure the range from the
infantry team (which hasn’t shot), can the infantry
gun mounting of my tank to the target model. The
team then shoot in the same Shooting step?
target model has the same range as me and fired at
me in its turn. However, my gun is mounted further No. It must not shoot in the same Shooting step as the
back on the hull than his and I’m just out of range team that is firing over it.
to his hull from my gun mounting so I can’t shoot!
Obviously with weapons that have the same range, if Concealment
the target can hit you, you can hit the target. The rules Infantry teams that don’t move count as Concealed,
do not work perfectly at this point, but let common even if they are in the open. Does this include Pioneer
sense prevail. and Cavalry teams?
Like Infantry teams, Pioneer teams are Concealed if
Fields Of Fire they do not move, however mounted Cavalry teams
Can I rotate my gun within its field of fire in the are not.
Movement step and then again in the Shooting step
to get a bigger field of fire? If a team is Concealed in a wood does the enemy
also count as Concealed when it fires?
All rotation in the Movement step counts as movement
and reduces the weapon’s rate of fire. If you have to If the team is at the edge of the woods, then there is
rotate the weapon in the Shooting step to bring it within no concealing terrain between it and the enemy. If on
the field of fire, this also counts as movement. the other hand, the team is within the woods (but still
within 4”/10cm of the edge so that it can see out), then
When you shoot at a target within the weapon’s field there is concealing terrain between it and the target
of fire, you then rotate the weapon to point at the target. and the target counts as Concealed.
This does not change the field of fire. It simply ensures
that the model is pointing the way it is shooting!
Going To Ground
Before I shoot I rotate my teams weapons to point If a platoon fires a weapon (say a mortar) from
at one of the enemy teams they are shooting at. Does outside of the enemy’s line of sight (say behind a
this change my field of fire? If I rotate an anti-tank hill) can the teams that are in line of sight claim to
gun to point at a target 45 degrees to the right of be Gone to Ground if they neither move or shoot?
its original facing, can it now shoot at a team 45
degrees further right? No. If any team in the platoon shoots, then they give
away the entire platoon’s positions.
A weapon’s field of fire is determined by its original
facing at the start of the Shooting step. Rotating the Note: An observer team attached to another platoon is
weapon does not change the field of fire in this Shooting not part of the artillery platoon that is firing, so the
step. However, it does change the field of fire in observer can Go to Ground while the guns fire a
subsequent turns. bombardment.

An enemy platoon is Concealed behind a wall and Can jeep and motorcycle passengers fire a vehicle
Gone to Ground. In my Movement step I move a mounted weapon and their own weapons at the
tank platoon so that half of the tanks are on each same time?
side of the wall. Now the enemy is not Concealed No. They either fire their own weapons or the vehicle-
from half of my tanks. Are they still Gone to mounted weapons, but not both in the same turn.
Ground?
The score to hit is determined on a team by team basis Can a Gun team being towed by a Jeep fire while
for the shooting platoon. To some of the tanks the mounted?
enemy teams are no longer Concealed and therefore As the rules are written, yes. We didn’t foresee Jeep
no longer Gone to Ground. For the rest of the tanks teams towing guns when we wrote the rules. However,
the enemy is still Concealed and Gone to Ground. it makes no sense to allow them to do so, therefore,
no, you cannot fire a Gun team while it is mounted in
Why can’t my infantry hide behind my tanks and a Jeep.
be Concealed or even in Bulletproof Cover? Surely
hiding behind a tank is safer than walking in the
open? Score To Hit
Actually, no. Combat experience has shown that infantry If I shoot at a team that is both Concealed and
take higher casualties when they try to use tanks as Gone to Ground do I suffer both penalties?
shelter than when they don’t. Tanks are big, obvious Yes. A team that is shooting at a team that is both
targets and draw a lot of fire. An infantryman making Concealed and Gone to Ground gets a modifier of +1
good use of terrain is much less conspicuous and harder to the score to hit for each, for a total modifier of +2.
to locate and hit. So even though hiding behind a tank If a team was shooting at a Trained team that was
may be comforting to inexperienced troops, they are Concealed and Gone To Ground, it would need 5+ to
better off spreading out and using the ground for hit (3+ for a Trained target, +1 for Concealed, +1 for
protection. Gone to Ground.
Roll To Hit If I shoot at a platoon that has teams with two

Just to get things clear, it says to work out the score different training ratings, which one do I use to
needed to hit with each dice. Is this because each work out the score needed to hit?
dice is for a different target, or because the dice Work out the score needed to hit the easiest target with
come from different teams? each rating and take the easiest of these.
It is because each shooting team may see a different For example, if the easiest Trained target was at long
situation depending on its position relative to the enemy range and concealed, the score needed to hit it would
and intervening terrain. All of the dice for a shooting be 5+, if the easiest Veteran target was at close range
team will have the same score to hit (except for ROF 1 in the open, the score needed to hit it would be 4+.
weapons shooting while moving with other weapons The score needed to hit the platoon is therefore 4+.
shooting at the same time.)
Which Teams Were Hit
How many Dice If my tanks score hits with their main guns and
Do I have to fire at my weapon’s maximum ROF? their machine-guns on an infantry platoon that has
Can I fire at a reduced ROF to make sure I don’t some of its teams in a building and some beside it
destroy the enemy before I assault them? in the open, who decides which teams are hit by
Yes you could, but you don’t need to. Even if you which weapons?
destroy the entire enemy platoon, you can still assault The target player always decides which hits are allocated
to occupy their positions using the “Shooting Was Too to which teams within the platoon. So, assuming that
Successful” rule on page 71. they can’t use the Isolated Groups rule (see page 49)
to pick on the troops in the buildings, the player will
If I manhandle a gun forward in the Movement probably allocate the hits from the guns to the troops
step can it still shoot? in the open first (however see the Experimental Rules
Yes. Like any other moving team, its ROF is reduced at the end of this document for an alternative way to
to 1, but it can fire. You can even dismount the gun handle this).
from its transport before moving it and still shoot.
Shooting At Mixed Platoons
The rules say that passengers mounted in a jeep
can fire their own weapons. Is this referring to all I hit a platoon with one Gun team and one Infantry
teams with Jeep mobility or just the American jeep? team three times. If I had announced that I was
shooting at Gun teams, would the third hit (the first
The rules are only referring to jeeps (as in the American two having been allocated evenly) have to be
quarter-ton truck) and motorcycles with sidecars, not allocated to the Gun team or can the target player
to all teams rated as jeep mobility. decide?
Other jeep-like vehicles have their own special rules The hit has to be allocated to the Gun team. The second
governing the fire of their passengers. round of hits is allocated just like the first.

Gun Tanks If I rotate the turret of my tank, does it move the
A tank platoon has three Panzer III and one arc over which my Front armour rating applies, or
Panzer IV tank. If I hit the tank platoon four times, does it just increase the arc over which my Side
and then roll four 5+ rolls for the Gun Tanks rule, armour rating applies?
how are the hits allocated? The Front armour rating of a tank always applies to
You choose which type of tank will be hit by each shot shots fired from in front of a line across the front of
for which you made a successful Gun Tank roll. So the hull (British tanks using the Tally Ho! special rule
you could choose to put all four shots against the obviously excluded).
Panzer IV tank or you could put some on the Panzer When a tank rotates its turret, this increases the arc
IV tank and the rest on the Panzer III tanks. As always, over which the Side armour rating applies to include
the hits allocated to each type are assigned within that some of the arc normally classed as Front armour. So
type by the target player following the usual restrictions. if a tank rotates its turret 90 degrees to the left, any
shots to the right of dead ahead or from behind the
What about the rest of the hits? How are they front of the hull will hit the Side armour.
allocated?
They are allocated across all types to even up the If I have a platoon of two Panzer III and two Tiger I
number of hits as much as possible. If the platoon tanks, does the Hit The Easiest Target First rule
above had been hit six times, with four 5+ rolls, the mean that I have to allocate the hits to the Panzer III
shooting player could allocate the four hits to the tanks first?
Panzer III tanks. The fifth hit would then have to be Yes. The target player must allocate hits to the tank
allocated to the Panzer IV tank so that all tanks had type presenting the thinnest armour first. However, the
one hit. The target player could then allocate the sixth shooting player can use the Gun Tanks rule to override
hit to any tank that has only one hit. this and pick out the Tiger tanks if they want.
What makes a tank different enough to pick it out What is the difference between Concealment and
with the Gun Tanks rule? Bulletproof Cover?
To me ‘different’ requires a noticeable difference Concealment refers to terrain that obscures a teams
between the two tanks, like a longer gun or different view of the Concealed team. A Concealed team is
chassis. By that standard a Panzer III J (short) and a harder to hit (giving the opponent a +1 to hit) because
Panzer III J (long) would be different, but an M4 it is difficult to locate.
Sherman and an M4A3 Sherman wouldn’t be.
Bulletproof Cover refers to terrain that protects a team
because it is able to stop bullets and shell fragments.
Roll Saves A team in Bulletproof cover is harder to destroy
If I score seven hits on a platoon of seven teams and (requiring the opponent to make a Firepower roll to
my opponent fails three saves can they allocate the do so).
failed saves to whichever teams they like? It is possible to combine both Concealment and
Your opponent should allocate the hits to teams before Bulletproof Cover (a team in a stone building for
rolling their saves. If there are different types of teams example), but equally possible for them to occur
or some teams are particularly important (the command separately (a team behind a hedge is Concealed but
team for instance!), your opponent should roll the saves unprotected, while a Gun team in the open, but behind
for those teams separately. However if several teams a gun shield is in Bulletproof Cover, but in plain view).
are interchangeable, your opponent could roll their
saves together for convenience. Are buildings Bulletproof Cover?
As a starting point it is easiest to treat all buildings as
Are vehicles with an Armour class of ‘0’ Bulletproof Cover. If some of your buildings are lightly
unarmoured? constructed, you might want to agree with your
Only vehicles with an armour rating of “-” are opponent that they only provide Concealment, but not
unarmoured and use the 5+ unarmoured save. Vehicles Bulletproof Cover.
with an armour rating of “0” have an armour save
(albeit a rather weak one). If my Gun team has a gun shield and is in a
bulletproof house, does it get two lots of Bulletproof
What about in an assault? Do open-topped vehicles Cover?
get an armour save? No. A team is either in Bulletproof Cover, or it isn’t.
If they have a Top armour rating of “0” they have an It doesn’t matter how many layers of Bulletproof cover
armour save. If they have a Top armour rating of “-”, it has.
they do not.
Bailed Out
Can I roll to remount a Bailed Out tank if the
platoon has lost its Command team?
No, a platoon that has lost its Command team cannot
pass Motivation tests, so it cannot remount Bailed Out
tanks.

What about if the Command team is Bailed Out? Can a Reconnaissance team move At the Double
The platoon can still take Motivation tests. Having the when it breaks off?
Command team Bailed Out makes no difference to the No it cannot. It can only move up to its normal
platoon’s Motivation tests. movement distance.
What if the Bailed Out tank is Out of Command? Note: Stars & Stripes, the Handbook on US Armored
And Infantry Forces, contains option expanded
It still takes its Motivation test to remount as normal. reconnaissance rules. These can also be found on the
Of course, once it remounts, it can only fight from Flames Of War website:
where it is or move back to the command team.
www.flamesofwar.com/documents/OI-New-Recon-Rules.pdf
If my half-track is towing a gun when it is hit and
Destroyed or forced to Bail Out, where can I position Vehicle Machine-guns
the Gun team if it survives? Do I have to place it at Why do vehicle machine-guns fire at their full ROF
the rear of the tractor, or can I place it in a firing when a vehicle moves, yet other weapons don’t?
position?
There are two reasons. The first is historical, the second
It is usual to position a Gun team behind the model of is about their role in the game.
its tractor when it is being towed. Then, when the
Historically, early tanks were armed with either
tractor is Destroyed, the Gun team will remain exactly
machine-guns or light artillery pieces. While the light
where it is, behind the tractor.
artillery pieces were better against dug-in machine-
When a Bailed Out tank is Bailed Out again it must gun nests, they were found to be less effective at
pass a Motivation test or be Destroyed. Do the pinning infantry down and engaging moving targets,
Bailed Out results have to be in separate Shooting so both types were produced. By the Second world
steps or can they be in the same one? War, most tanks have both machine-guns and main
guns, and both have their uses. While the main gun is
If a Bailed Out tank ever suffers another Bailed Out better for actually destroying something, it cannot be
result, it immediately takes a Motivation test to avoid fired accurately on the move. Machine-guns on the
being Destroyed. This applies even if the two Bailed other hand, don’t need to be accurate simply because
Out results were caused by the same weapon in the of the number of shots they fire every second. Tanks
same Shooting step. can drive along machine-gunning likely infantry hiding
places to keep their heads down and prevent them from
Pinned Down ambushing the tank or allow the tank’s own infantry
to safely assault them.
If a team that is out of Command distance of the
rest of the platoon is pinned down, does that mean In game terms, it gives players the choice between
that the whole platoon is pinned down? using their main gun for destructive shooting, or
spraying machine-gun bullets everywhere to keep the
Yes it does. A whole platoon is always pinned down
enemies’ heads down. If vehicle machine-guns didn’t
or not, regardless of the positions of its teams.
fire at full ROF while moving, then main guns would
always be the better choice.
Passengers
If a vehicle is Destroyed, its passengers must take Can Anti-aircraft Machine-guns (AAMG) fire at
a 5+ save to avoid being Destroyed as well. If the aircraft? In the arsenal they do not have the Anti-
vehicle received multiple hits, each of which would aircraft note.
have Destroyed the vehicle, do the passengers test Yes they can.
once only or once per hit?
They must roll once per hit that would have Destroyed If a tank fires its AA MG at an aircraft in the enemy
the vehicle. Although they would exit the vehicle after turn, does it still count as having Top armour 0 in
the first hit, the remaining saves can be seen as the my turn?
gunner engaging the passengers as they dismount, Yes, it effectively counts as still firing its AAMG at
having successfully Destroyed the vehicle. the aircraft in your turn, so it would have Top armour
0 if assaulted until the beginning of your next turn after
Reconnaissance that.
Can Reconnaissance teams break off when A tank cannot fire an AAMG while it is Pinned
bombarded by artillery or attacked by aircraft? Down. How does a tank recover from being Pinned
Under the reconnaissance rules in the Flames Of War Down?
rulebook, no they cannot. The rules on page 62 only A platoon rallies from being Pinned Down by passing
allow teams to break off from normal shooting. a Motivation test at the start of its turn. This applies
to all types of platoons, whether tanks, infantry, guns
Can a Reconnaissance team that moved At the or transport.
Double break off if shot at?
The rules on page 62 of the Flames Of War rulebook
allow Reconnaissance teams to break off after they
have moved At the Double. Remember though, the
shooting player rolls double the normal number of
dice, so they get two shots before the team breaks off.

Flame-throwers Infantry Weapons
How many shots does a vehicle flame-thrower get Can Bazookas fire from buildings?
per game? Yes they can. There are numerous accounts of them
In the Flames Of War rulebook, the number of shots doing so and modern US Army manuals discuss firing
shown in the arsenal is the total number of shots the bazooka-type weapons and missiles from inside
flame-thrower vehicle can fire in the game. As an buildings. According to the manuals it is unpleasant
example, a Flammpanzer III has 6 shots. This allows to do so, but with correct preparation, not dangerous.
it to fire two turns at ROF 3 before running out of
flame-thrower fuel. You may fire less than your full Can light mortars fire bombardments?
ROF to conserve fuel if you wish. No they cannot unless like the US 60mm mortar they
The Intelligence Handbooks change this so that a have a special rule allowing them to do so. Most light
flame-thrower tank can only fire for one turn up to its mortars operate as grenade launchers rather than firing
maximum ROF. bombardments and use the normal shooting rules.
Do flame-thrower vehicles still suffer the effects of Are all Infantry teams armed with flame-throwers
the Fuel Tanks rule when they have used all of their removed if they fire their flame-thrower, or do they
fuel? just revert to their other weapons?
Yes they do. ‘Empty’ fuel tanks are even more All infantry Flame-thrower teams are removed when
dangerous than full ones as they contain large quantities they fire. So a Pioneer Rifle/MG normal weapons can
of explosive fuel vapours. fire as either a Rifle/MG team and remain on table or
fire as a Flame-thrower team and be removed after
If I shoot at a flame-thrower tank, do I re-roll a shooting.
failed Firepower test to Bail Out the tank, or only
ones that could result in the tank being Destroyed? Why are flame-thrower teams removed after firing?
The Fuel Tanks rule allows you to re-roll all failed Flame-throwers are complex weapons systems. They
Firepower tests. require careful handling and a trained team to use them
effectively. As well as the operator, the team needs
How do flame-throwers work against infantry in other riflemen to escort this vulnerable weapon to and
Bulletproof Cover? from the target. While from a wargaming viewpoint it
Infantry do not get saves against flame-throwers. If might make sense to ‘drop the flame-thrower after
they are hit, they are Destroyed. This applies whether firing it and return for it later’, real-life soldiers are
or not they are in Bulletproof Cover as the burning not so cavalier with rare, delicate and expensive
flame-fuel flows around cover rendering it useless. equipment. Once the fuel is expended the team makes
their way to the rear to prepare for the next mission.
What about shooting at armoured vehicles?
All Transport teams, whether armoured or not are Guns
automatically Destroyed if hit by flame-throwers. What weapons can fire in self-defence as a Rifle/MG
Tanks do not get an Armour Save against flame- team? Can light mortars? Can medium mortars?
throwers. However, the flame-thrower does have to Can heavy machine-guns?
make a Firepower roll to destroy the tank. If the Any Gun team can fire as a Rifle/MG team instead of
Firepower roll is failed, the tank only Bails Out. firing its main weapon. Gun teams include medium
and heavy mortars, artillery, and salvo rockets.
If a transport vehicle is Destroyed by a flame-
Light mortars and heavy machine-guns are Infantry
thrower, are the passengers automatically
teams, so they can only fire their normal weapons.
Destroyed?
Yes they are. If the vehicle is Destroyed, then the Do medium mortars move as infantry or guns?
passengers also suffer a hit from the shooting weapon. Medium mortars are Gun teams. As such they move
Any infantry hit by a flame-thrower are automatically as a Gun team. They are man-packed though, so they
Destroyed, so the passengers are Destroyed if their ignore Rough Terrain in the same way that infantry
transport is Destroyed. do.

Assaults
Tanks In Assaults Can the half-tracks fire as Defensive Fire?
If my infantry wish to assault a tank platoon that Yes they can. If any part of the platoon is assaulted,
has all of its tanks Bailed Out, do I still have to take the whole platoon can fire Defensive Fire.
a Motivation test to do so?
Yes, the infantry can’t be certain that the tanks aren’t Guns In Assaults
just lying in wait for them to attack so that they can Can guns fight in an assault?
mow them down. They still need to pass the Motivation
test to get the courage to see if they really are bailed Yes they can. Guns fight in assaults like any other
out. team, except that they cannot move to launch an assault
or counterattack. That effectively means that they can
What happens if my infantry do pass the Motivation only defend themselves where they are, which makes
test and assault the Bailed Out tanks? them vulnerable to being picked off one by one.
Since the tanks are Bailed Out, they won’t fire any If my guns lose an assault are they Destroyed or
Defensive Fire. The assault goes as normal until the can they flee?
end of the first round. At this point, since there are no
enemy involved in the assault within 4”/10cm of your Guns can flee like any other troops that lose an assault.
infantry and capable of fighting back, you win the The problem is that they only move 2”/5cm in Easy
assault. Any enemy teams involved in the assault within Going and tend to get stuck in Rough Terrain, and if
4”/10cm of your troops immediately surrender! they don’t manage to get at least 4”/10cm from the
assaulting teams, they will surrender!
Does a Bailed Out tank get an Armour Save in an Note: Desert Rats, the Handbook on British Armoured
assault? Forces, contains updated anti-tank gun rules that make
Yes it does. The term Bailed Out is used in Flames Of a difference to guns in assaults. These can also be
War to cover any tank that is temporarily incapable of found on the Flames Of War website:
fighting. It does not necessarily mean that the crew are www.flamesofwar.com/documents/DR-New-Anti-tank-Rules.pdf
outside the tank. It the case of an assault, it would be
foolish for the crew to actually bail out of their tank, Launching An Assault
so they are assumed to be cowering inside the tank, A team can’t assault if it stops to shoot at its full
waiting for the infantry to go away so they can get it ROF. Can an SMG team fire at ROF 3 and still
back in fighting order. assault?
Does a tank have to take a Bogging test if it is Yes it can. The restriction is that teams cannot remain
assaulting infantry at the edge of Rough Terrain? stationary to shoot at their full ROF and still launch
an assault. If the SMG moves it can still fire at
Yes it does. Tanks must take a Bogging test to assault ROF 3and launch an assault. US infantry using the
troops in Rough Terrain irrespective of the position of Marching Fire special rule can also move and fire at
the miniature tank. their full ROF before launching an assault.
What if the tank is not in contact with the infantry, I have a team about to assault a tank, it is in front
but within 2”/5cm? of the tank, but I want to avoid its hull machine-
It still takes the Bogging test to be involved in an gun in Defensive Fire. Can I run along the side of
assault on infantry in Rough Terrain. A battle is not the tank and assault it from the side (out of the
static and the position of the miniature is only a guide machine-gun’s field of fire)?
to its location. It may well be moving in the near No you cannot. You must move directly towards the
vicinity to take better advantage of cover or in this team you are assaulting. Since your team started in
case to assault the infantry. front of the tank, your charge will take it into contact
with the front of the tank.
Transport In Assaults
Can armoured transport half-tracks take part in Can I move past infantry teams to assault other
assaults? teams behind them?
No they can’t. Transport teams can never take part in Yes and no. You can do it, but it’s not easy.
assaults. The half-tracks are there to transport the You cannot move within 2”/5cm of the enemy unless
infantry, and if armed, provide covering fire for the you are assaulting them. When you launch your assault,
assault. you move up to 4”/10cm to engage the enemy giving
you no more that 2”/5cm movement once you reach
What happens if my armoured half-tracks are the enemy. This movement can take you past enemy
assaulted? teams in the platoon that you are assaulting, but since
The enemy can assault the half-tracks and attempt to you may not end your movement overlapping an enemy
destroy them, but the half-tracks cannot fight back. team, you may find it tricky to find anywhere you can
They rely on their infantry to protect them in an assault. actually move to that is beyond the first team!

What happens if there is a second enemy platoon Can the platoon now make a Consolidation move?
immediately behind the one I’m trying to assault? Yes.
I can’t move within 2”/5cm of the second platoon
unless I assault it. I can’t assault it because the first What about a Breakthrough assault if there is a
platoon is in the way, and I can’t assault the first different enemy platoon within 4”/10cm?
platoon because it will put me within 2”/5cm of a
platoon (the second one) that I’m not assaulting! Yes it can do that too.
The simplest answer is to follow page 41 (ignore the What happens if another platoon launched its assault
2”/5cm restriction in assaults) rather than page 71 (only first and finished off the platoon that my next platoon
ignore the restriction for teams you are actually was going to assault (as a back up if the first one
assaulting) and ignore the second platoon, just assaulting failed)? Does the second platoon just sit there or
the first one. can it occupy the enemy position?
Basically, you can ignore the 2”/5cm rule for an Treat it as a case of Too Successful Shooting. The
unengaged platoon if it is impossible (for whatever platoon still launches its assault to occupy the empty
reason) to contact that platoon. enemy positions.
Can teams that are not within 4”/10cm of the enemy
still move when launching an assault? Defensive Fire
Yes they can. The whole platoon (except any that are What happens if my platoon assaults around a
remaining behind to provide covering fire) charges corner? Can the enemy still target them with
towards the enemy. You may move every team up to Defensive Fire?
4”/10cm towards the enemy, even if they cannot make Defensive Fire happens after your assault is launched
contact. If the assault continues, these teams may reach and your troops have moved up, so your troops will
the enemy in subsequent rounds. be visible to the enemy when Defensive Fire actually
occurs.
What happens if I launch my assault, and then in
their Defensive Fire, the enemy fires a flame-thrower When do my assaulting troops benefit from being
team which misses, but then when they remove the in Concealment?
team, I’m no longer in contact with any enemy Only when they are Concealed at the point where they
teams? contact the enemy. This will only happen if the enemy
The assault continues as normal. You launched the position is within (as opposed to at the edge of)
assault successfully making contact with an enemy concealing terrain such as a wood. You do not count
team. If the Flame-thrower team was the only team as concealed if you are assaulting troops behind a wall
within 2”/5cm of your teams, then you can’t actually or in a building as, being adjacent to the wall, they can
hurt the enemy until they counterattack. see through it to your assaulting troops with no difficulty.
Can my platoon go to ground in the Shooting step What about if my troops assault into smoke?
so that a heavy machine-gun platoon can shoot over If you are assaulting teams that are in a smokescreen,
their heads to pin the enemy, and then assault? then you will be inside the smokescreen when you
No. In effect they have remained stationary to shoot, make contact. Troops inside a smokescreen are
so they cannot launch an assault. concealed, so your troops will be concealed when the
Defensive Fire occurs.
Too Successful Shooting
Can a platoon fire Defensive Fire again if it is
My shooting was ‘too successful’ and I wiped out assaulted by a second platoon after it has already
all of the enemy teams that I could make base-to- been assaulted and fired Defensive Fire this step?
base contact with. Can I still launch my assault?
Yes. A platoon fires Defensive Fire against each platoon
Assuming that you could have assaulted had you not that assaults it.
shot, then yes you can. Move the assaulting troops
4”/10cm towards the positions occupied by the teams If a platoon makes a Breakthrough Assault, are hits
that they shot, then continue with the assault as if they taken from Defensive Fire during the initial assault
had made base-to-base contact with the Destroyed added to hits taken during the Breakthrough Assault
teams. when working out if the platoon is Pinned Down by
Defensive Fire?
What happens if there are no enemy teams within
2”/5cm after I have moved up? No. The Breakthrough Assault is treated as a whole
new assault. The assaulting platoon is only Pinned
You won’t cause any casualties in this round of the Down if it takes five or more hits from that round of
assault, but assuming that there are enemy within Defensive Fire.
4”/10cm they can counterattack and start the fight for
real. Can self-propelled anti-aircraft guns Defensive Fire?
What if there are no teams from that platoon within Mostly, no. The only weapons that a tank can fire in
4”/10cm? Defensive Fire are machine-guns. Unless the self-
propelled gun is armed with machine-guns like the
Then you occupy the position and win the assault. American M13 MGMC, it cannot fire in Defensive
Fire.

Can I shoot over another Infantry team in my What direction is directly away from the enemy?
platoon in Defensive Fire? If the fleeing team launched the attack, then directly
Yes you can as long as that team doesn’t shoot. A good away will normally be back in the direction from which
example would be a team hunkering down to let the they launched the assault. If the fleeing team was
platoon’s Bazooka team fire at an attacking tank. defending, then directly away will normally be in the
opposite direction from which the attack was launched.
Roll To Destroy In either case, directly away is the direction that will
If I have a platoon with mixed weapons that scores take the team the furthest from the enemy in the shortest
hits, who decides which weapons hit which teams? distance.
The defender always allocates the hits between the Can my platoon get to make its Consolidation move
eligible teams. within 4”/10cm of the fleeing enemy and force them
Remember though that only teams within 2”/5cm of to surrender?
the team that scored a hit are eligible targets. In some No. The enemy flee or surrender immediately they fail
cases attacking players might want to roll for each their Motivation test to counterattack. You only get to
attacking team separately to make sure hits are allocated Consolidate after the enemy has fled or surrendered.
properly rather than rolling for all of them at the same
time. If I have another platoon behind the enemy when
they flee, will they surrender?
Saves In Assaults Not necessarily. Fleeing troops only surrender if they
Do guns use their normal Anti-tank rating in assaults end their flight within 4”/10cm of the platoon that they
or do they have an Anti-tank rating of 2 like were fighting. However, the presence of another platoon
infantry? may make it impossible for them to get far enough
away since most troops can’t move within 2”/5cm of
They use their normal Anti-tank rating for Defensive enemy teams.
Fire, but fight with Anti-tank rating 2 like infantry in
assault combats.
Tank Terror
Do Bazooka teams have an Anti-tank rating of 2 in What counts as a tank?
assaults like normal infantry?
Anything listed in the Tanks and Other Fighting Vehicles
Yes they do. Bazookas are fired in Defensive Fire using section of each army’s arsenal is a Tank team and
their normal Anti-tank rating of 10, but fight in assaults causes Tank Terror. Anything listed in other parts of
with Anti-tank 2 like normal infantry. Bazooka teams the arsenal does not cause Tank Terror.
are not trained or equipped for close-assault tank
hunting. If their fire doesn’t stop the tank, they resort If my platoon has passed its Motivation test to
to improvised means like other infantry. counterattack, does it need to take another Tank
Terror test?
Counterattack No. The Tank Terror rule requires you to take a
My platoon just failed its Motivation test to Motivation test to counterattack, even if you did not
counterattack and must flee. My teams must now take any hits in the last round of the assault. It does
flee directly away from the enemy. Can they flee to not require you to take an extra test.
one side to avoid leaving the table?
No. They must move directly away from the enemy. Victory
They cannot move away at an angle. They can however, My platoon is assaulting a platoon of tanks that are
stop fleeing at any time, they don’t have to move their all Bailed Out. Do I have to keep counterattacking
maximum movement distance (but if they aren’t more until I destroy them all?
than 4”/10cm from the enemy when they stop, they
No. You automatically win the assault at the end of
will surrender).
the first assault round since all of the enemy teams
involved in the assault are Bailed Out (you win if there
are no enemy teams still fighting within 4”/10cm). At
this point the enemy platoon must flee or surrender.
Since Bailed Out tanks can’t flee, they surrender.

Morale
Platoon Morale Checks Company Morale Checks
If my platoon has teams of different Motivation When do I take a Company Morale Check? Is it
ratings attached to it, what rating does it use for its before or after checking to see who won?
Platoon Morale Checks? Take any necessary Company Morale Checks before
The platoon uses its own rating. checking to see if the game is over. If your force fails
a Company Morale Check it loses, even if it is holding
What about if the Company Command Team has the objectives.
joined the platoon?
It still uses its own rating. Do I take my Company Morale Check before or
after rolling to see if any troops held in Reserve
Do I take a Platoon Morale Check at the end of arrive?
each round of assault combat if I am below half It doesn’t matter. Only platoons actually on the table
strength? count for Company morale Checks and your reserve
No. You only take a Platoon Morale Check at the end platoons won’t arrive until the Movement step, even
of the Assault step. This can result in a platoon fighting though they are rolled for at the start of the turn.
and winning an assault, only to find that it has suffered
horrendous casualties and have it leave the field. Do troops held in Reserve or otherwise held off
table count for Company morale Checks?
If my Panzergrenadier Platoon loses a half-track, No they don’t. Only teams platoons actually on the
does it count as Destroyed only in that turn, or for table at the time the morale check is made are counted.
the rest of the game? This can result in a company taking Company Morale
For the rest of the game. It is Destroyed after all! Checks for one or more turns due to being under half
strength before Reserves arrive and bring it back over
half strength.
Does the game end when the Company Command

team is Destroyed?
No. The lost of the Company Command team only
means that will automatically fail a Company Morale
Check if it needs to take one.
Can the 2iC Command team take Company Morale

Checks if the Company Command team is
Destroyed?
No it cannot. Although the 2iC is capable of taking
command of the company and keeping it fighting if
the Company Command team is Destroyed, they do
not have the leadership to pull it through once it has
taken serious casualties. Only the experienced Company
Command team has the ability to push the company
to keep on fighting once half of its platoons are
Destroyed.

Artillery
What is artillery? What about if it is a passenger in a Transport
vehicle?
Artillery has two meanings under the rules. The first
is a specific term for guns that are not anti-tank or anti- Yes it can, as long as the vehicle doesn’t move or shoot.
aircraft guns. In the Artillery Bombardments section,
the meaning is usually any weapon capable of firing Can a tank carrying an Observer team fire its own
an Artillery Bombardment including mortars, artillery weapons while the Observer team is ranging in
in the specific sense, and rockets. artillery?
No it cannot. The observer takes up too much space
Observer Teams with maps and other paraphernalia for the tank to fire
while the observer is ranging in artillery.
Can an Observer team fire through a friendly team
or do they block Line Of Sight? Can an Observer team mounted in a tank dismount?
Teams, whether friendly or enemy, never block Line No. The tank doesn’t have room for backpack radios
Of Sight. Friendly teams do however block Line Of and extra radio operators to allow the observer to
Fire. You can see past anyone, but you can’t shoot past communicate after dismounting.
a friendly team.
Since Observer teams don’t actually fire, this is not a Can I attach an Observer team directly to the 2iC
problem for them at all. They can see the enemy and Command team?
the artillery can fire over friendly teams, so the Yes. The 2iC Command team commands the company
bombardment goes ahead! HQ Platoon and the Observer can be attached to this
platoon, even if there is nothing else in the platoon.
If my mortar platoon has more than one Observer
team does each Observer team only control their
own mortar section, or can they range in all of the Firing Over Open Sights
platoon’s mortars? An Observer team cannot fire in the turn in which
They can range in all of the platoon’s mortars. This is it ranges in artillery. If a Gun team is acting as its
fortunate since each artillery platoon (which mortars own Observer team, can it still fire?
are) can only fire a single Artillery Bombardment per Yes it can.
turn!
Does a team that is observing for its own platoon
Do Observer teams have to deploy within Command gain the +1 penalty on ranging attempts for not
distance of their artillery battery? being an observer team?
No they do not. In general any team can deploy No it doesn’t. The +1 penalty on ranging in attempts
anywhere in their deployment area at the start of the only applies to Company Command teams acting as
game. They do not have to deploy with the rest of their Observer teams. Even the Company Command team
platoon. does not get the penalty when it is observing for its
own platoon as the Platoon Command team.
Does an Observer team attached to another platoon
add to the platoon strength? The rules for firing over open sights talk about Gun
No, an attached Observer team does not count towards teams. Can self-propelled guns (which are Tank
the number of teams in the platoon that are capable of teams) fire Bombardments over open sights?
fighting when determining whether the platoon is below Yes they can. The rule should refer to artillery teams
half strength. They do count as a casualty for the of all types rather than Gun teams.
platoon if Destroyed though.
If the platoon fails a morale check and vaporizes,

Firing A Bombardment
does the observer go with them? Can artillery fire a Bombardment if they are Pinned
Down?
Yes, it is now part of the platoon, so if the platoon is
Destroyed, it is too. No they cannot. Firing a bombardment requires a lot
of ammunition and the crews cannot keep the guns
If the observer is attached to a different platoon, supplied while dodging enemy fire. Even the crew
does it count as part of the artillery platoon’s compartments of armoured self-propelled guns don’t
strength and losses? give the crew enough protection to continue firing a
No. It is no longer part of the artillery platoon. bombardment under heavy enemy fire.
Can an Observer team still range in artillery if it

is Pinned down?
Yes it can. There is no penalty for ranging in artillery
fire while Pinned Down.

Can guns within 4”/10cm of woods or buildings fire Smoke Screens
a Bombardment?
If my tanks fire smoke ammunition at an anti-tank
Artillery cannot fire a Bombardment over woods or gun platoon, who decides where the smoke is placed?
buildings that are within 4”/10cm of them. They must
Smoke fired using the normal direct fire shooting rules
be further away for the shells to clear the obstacle.
is placed on the teams that were hit. The target player
However woods or buildings that are not in the line of
decides which teams they are as normal. The Shooting
fire are no problem. It is even possible for artillery
at Mixed Platoons and Gun Tanks rules do give the
positioned along the front face of a wood to fire a
shooting player a degree of control however.
bombardment since, although they are in the woods,
they are not firing over it. If my tank scores two hits while firing smoke
ammunition does it get two lots of smoke?
Can part of a platoon fire a Bombardment while
the rest of the platoon fires normally? Yes. Place a ball of smoke for each hit scored, then
place another downwind of each of these.
Yes it can. Remember though, a platoon can only fire
one Artillery Bombardment each turn. Can one tank in my platoon fire smoke ammunition
while another fires normal ammunition? Can one
Minimum Range tank fire one shot of smoke and one of normal
Is there a minimum range for Artillery ammunition?
Bombardments? Yes and yes. As long as you declare which type of
No there is not. However the Friendly Fire rules on ammunition you are firing before rolling any dice.
page 82 make firing a Bombardment too close to the
guns’ own position rather foolish. Can you use the All Guns Repeat rule when firing
a smoke bombardment? The All Guns Repeat rule
requires the observer to be able to see the target,
Roll To Hit but they won’t be able to since the target is hidden
If I am firing a Bombardment at a platoon with in smoke!
different types of teams such as Infantry and Good question. Technically the answer is no, but that
Transport, do I roll separately for each type of doesn’t make much sense, so allowing common sense
team? to prevail, the answer is yes, as long as the observer
We find that it works best to roll the to hit dice for the would meet all the requirements if the smoke from
Tanks, Infantry, Guns and Transport in the platoon their own Bombardment weren’t in the way.
separated. The target player then allocates the hits to
the appropriate type of team. Can an artillery battery fire a mixed Bombardment
of smoke and normal ammunition?
Do I roll twice to hit teams that moved At the Double No. You must fire all one type of ammunition or all
when firing an Artillery Bombardment? the other.
No. Troops moving At the Double are more vulnerable
than normal, but this is counteracted by the shorter Can an artillery battery switch between firing smoke
amount of time they are in the target area. and normal ammunition when using the All Guns
Repeat rule?
Roll Saves No. The All Guns Repeat rule requires the artillery
battery to fire the same mission each time.
When tanks are hit by artillery firing at ranges
greater than 16”/40cm do they add +1 to their
Armour rating?
No. The +1 bonus to a tank’s Armour rating only
applies to normal shooting, not to Artillery
Bombardments.
Artillery Weapons
Under Artillery Weapons on page 85 the
Nebelwerfer and Katyusha are is shown with an
Anti-tank rating of 4. Everywhere else the Anti-
tank rating is 2. Which is correct?
The Nebelwerfer and Katyusha both have an Anti-tank
rating of 2 as shown in the arsenal.

Air Support
Is Air Support counted as a Support choice? Can an anti-aircraft gun fire while hiding in woods?
No. It is additional to any normal Support choices that Only if it is right at the edge of the woods. However,
you take. since it cannot see aircraft through the woods, its field
of fire will be dramatically restricted.
In what order do events with aircraft take place?
At the start of the turn the player rolls a die against Anti-aircraft Fire
their Priority Level to see if air support is available When does Anti-aircraft Fire occur?
this turn. If it is, they then roll to determine how many
aircraft are available. Anti-aircraft fire occurs right at the start of the current
player’s Shooting step before any other shooting.
Then, at the end of the Movement step, before the
Shooting step, they roll for Mistaken Identity. The A team that fires at an aircraft cannot shoot in its
controlling player then places all aircraft where they next turn. Can it assault?
will launch their attacks.
No it can neither shoot nor assault in its next turn.
Next, the opposing player fires their anti-aircraft
weapons (or if the aircraft did mistake their target, the What about firing Defensive Fire later in the same
player rolls to wave them off using the Don’t Shoot turn?
We’re Friends rule).
No it cannot do that either.
Now any surviving aircraft fire at their targets and are
removed from the table. Can a team that moved At the Double perform
The Shooting step then continues as normal. Anti-aircraft Fire?
No. It was too busy moving at speed to keep the
Mistaken Identity necessary lookout for enemy aircraft.
When do I roll for mistaken identity? If a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun moved last turn,
Just before the aircraft attack at the end of all movement. can it still fire anti-aircraft fire? Is its ROF affected?
If the aircraft mistake the target, your opponent will Yes it can fire. The ROF for anti-aircraft shooting is
position them, otherwise you will. not affected by the previous turn’s movement.
Do I roll once per aircraft or once for the entire How do I know if a platoon with Self-defence Anti-
flight? aircraft weapons is being attacked?
Once for the entire flight. The flight leader navigates It is being attacked if any of its teams are under the
to the target and tells the others what to attack. If they template of a bomb or rocket attack or it is being shot
get it wrong, the whole flight will attack the wrong at in a gun attack.
target.
Do I roll to shoot down an aircraft once regardless
If an aircraft that has mistaken the identity of its of the number of hits, or once for each hit?
target drops bombs and the template covers more
than one platoon, can both platoons use the Don’t Once for each hit.
Shoot We’re Friends rule to wave them off?
If I scored several hits on an aircraft, but didn’t
Yes. Any friendly platoon that is at risk of being hit shoot it down, does the aircraft roll once to press
by the attack can use the Don’t Shoot We’re Friends home its attack, or once per hit?
rule to wave off the attack.
Once per hit. The more shrapnel rattling off the fuselage,
If I succeed in waving off the attack using the Don’t the more likely it is that the pilot will decide that
Shoot We’re Friends rule, does this just stop the discretion is the better part of valour.
one aircraft or all of them?
All aircraft that were attacking that platoon immediately Ground Attack
leave the table without attacking. When do I decide what type of aircraft are attacking
and what they are armed with?
Can I shoot at my own aircraft if they attack me
If you have more than one type of aircraft model
by mistake?
available, you should decide which type of aircraft you
No you cannot. are requesting this turn and the armament fitted before
rolling to see if you have air support.
Can my platoon assault after waving off friendly
aircraft attacking them by mistake? Do I have to tell my opponent what they are armed
Yes. with before they attack?
Flames Of War is a WYSIWYG (What You See Is
Line Of Sight What You Get) style of game. If it is not immediately
apparent from your models what they are armed with,
Can aircraft attack teams hidden in a wood? then you should tell them when you place the models
Only if they are touching the edge of the wood. If they on the table.
are inside the wood, the aircraft cannot attack them.

When do aircraft attack? Can a team in a woods be hit by a bombing attack?
At the start of shooting, immediately after anti-aircraft Yes if it is under the template. It cannot be targeted by
fire. the attack, but if a team nearby and out of the woods
is targeted, the team in the woods could be under the
How do I calculate the score to hit a team under a template and hit by the bombs.
bomb or rocket template?
Use the score required to hit for normal shooting. A If I am bombing or rocketing a platoon with
bomb or rocket attack uses the template rather than different types of teams such as Infantry and
ROF to determine the number of dice to roll, but is Transport, do I roll separately for each type of
otherwise a normal attack, not an Artillery team?
Bombardment. We find that it works best to roll the to hit dice for the
Tanks, Infantry, Guns and Transport in the platoon
Do I roll twice as many dice for targets that moved separately. The target player then allocates the hits to
At the Double? the appropriate type of team.
You do when strafing with guns. The rapid movement
of the target makes them easier to pick out from the Friendly Fire
air and the aircraft is much faster and able to compensate My aircraft have mistaken their targets and are
for the movement without difficulty. controlled by the opposing player and are making
Bombs or rockets always roll one dice for each team a bombing attack. Any friendly teams within
under the template. It is much harder to bomb a fast 6”/15cm of the template are at risk as well as those
moving target than it is to strafe it. actually targeted. Whose teams count as ‘friendly’
in this case?
Do aircraft use their normal Firepower rating or
Those controlled by the player controlling the aircraft.
do they roll on the Artillery Firepower table?
The Friendly Fire rules are a simple mechanism to
They use their normal Firepower rating. prevent players safely bombing pin-point targets right
next to their own troops. Since the player controlling
How can the template be positioned for a bombing the aircraft chooses where in will attack, it is their
attack? troops that will suffer if they choose to attack a target
It must be centred over the team being targeted by the right beside them.
attack.

How To Create A Force

Types Of Platoon has something to command (other than their own
transport). If the 2iC Command team and their transport
What is counted as a Gun platoon? How many
are all that there is in the Company HQ, there is no
teams do I have to have in a Gun platoon?
HQ Platoon. In this case deploy the 2iC Command
A Gun platoon is any platoon mainly equipped with team at the same time as the Company Command team.
towed guns or self-propelled anti-tank or anti-aircraft
If the 2iC Command team has an HQ Platoon, it deploys
guns or self-propelled artillery. A Gun platoon must
at the same time as other platoons. If the mission allows
have the platoon command team and at least one gun
ambushes or reserves, count the platoon when working
team. Every towed gun or infantry team must have the
out how many platoons can be in ambush or reserve.
appropriate transport.
The Company Command team still deploys last as
Can I choose a platoon made up of different types usual.
of tank?
What about for Company Morale?
You can. There are many historical examples of tank
The HQ Platoon is never counted as a platoon for the
platoons with more than one type of tank. A little
purposes of Company Morale Checks.
research will discover the most appropriate
combinations. For Victory Points?
If the 2iC Command team has a HQ Platoon, it counts
Headquarters Platoons
as a platoon for the purposes of calculating Victory
Does the Company Command team lead the HQ Points.
Platoon? If not who does?
The Company Command team is an independent Air Support
command team. It can join any platoon (including the Does air support count as a support platoon your
HQ Platoon) or move about independently. The HQ force can have?
Platoon is led by the 2iC Command team.
No, it is additional to the normal support platoons.
Does the HQ Platoon count as a platoon for
deployment? What about for reserves?
The HQ platoon only exists if the 2iC Command team
Intelligence Briefings
Can I use the rulebook Intelligence Briefings even Can I use support platoons out of one of the
though Battlefront has published Intelligence Intelligence Handbooks with the forces from the
Handbooks that replace them? rulebook Intelligence Briefings?
In general the answer is yes you can. However some No. You must create your force entirely from one book
clubs or tournaments may have rules requiring you to unless the briefing you are using explicitly tells you
use the Intelligence Handbook once it has been otherwise.
published.
Personally, I’d strongly recommend getting the
Handbooks as they are much better researched and
more complete than the Briefings in the rulebook. The
Handbooks contain numerous new units and support
weapons not included in the rulebook and provide
much more guidance in organising your force.

US Army
Centralised Fire Control US Weapons
Can I mix mortars and artillery in the same Why does the 81mm mortar have a Firepower
bombardment using the Centralised Fire Control rating of 4+ when every other medium mortar has
rule? a Firepower rating of 3+?
No. Only Artillery Batteries (that is towed or self- The correct Firepower rating for the 81mm mortar is
propelled 105mm guns) can use the Centralised Fire 3+ like any other medium mortar.
Control rule.
The M1 Bofors gun is shown as having a gun shield,
If I have more than one Artillery Battery, can I use is this correct?
the Centralised Fire Control special rule to add No it is not. The M1 Bofors was never fitted with a
more batteries to an Artillery Bombardment after gun shield.
I successfully range it in?
No. You must assign the batteries to the Artillery Anti-aircraft Platoon
Bombardment before attempting to range in. If the
ranging in attempt fails, then none of the batteries Why are there no points for Command Rifle/MG
involved can fire an Artillery Bombardment this turn. team leading the Anti-aircraft Platoon?
It should be a Command Rifle team like all of the other
If I fire two batteries, can I choose which side of gun platoons.
the first template to put the second template?
There is no ‘second template’. Both templates are
combined into one double-width template centred on
the target point.
Ronson
The Ronson special rule says that your opponent
‘re-rolls any Firepower tests to destroy a Sherman
tank with a petrol engine’. What about Firepower
tests to Bail Out a Sherman tank?
All such tests to determine the effect of a failed armour
save or equivalent were intended to be covered by the
phrase ‘Firepower tests to destroy’.
German Army
Mission Tactics Stormtroopers
Can I choose not to replace the Command team if Can I mount or dismount (or limber or unlimber
it is Destroyed? a gun) at the start of my Stormtrooper move?
Yes you can, although it is generally advisable to do Yes you can, provided that you started the turn
so. dismounted or mounted as appropriate. You may mount
or dismount at the start of any movement, including
Does the Mission Tactics special rule allow me to assaults and Stormtrooper moves.
bring the Company Command team back into play
if it is Destroyed? Can an Immobile gun make a Stormtrooper move?
No. The Company Command team is not a Platoon No. The gun cannot be man-handled, so if it is not
Command team. If it is Destroyed, then it is gone. limbered up it cannot make a Stormtrooper move.
Kampfgruppe Can a German artillery unit make a Stormtrooper

move after it has fired an artillery bombardment?
Does a Kampfgruppe count as a platoon for
Company Morale? No. The artillery rules state that an artillery platoon
must spend the whole turn stationary in order to fire
No it doesn’t. It is still the HQ Platoon, despite its ad an artillery bombardment.
hoc composition.
Amphibious
Does a Schwimmwagen sink if it Bogs Down while
swimming?
No it doesn’t sink. It simply drifts while attempting to
restart the engine or overcome strong currents.

Schurzen Divisional Troops
Schurzen protects against attacks on the side of the Do I need to take an Armoured Car Patrol to take
vehicle. Does it protect against attacks on the rear? a reconnaissance Gun Platoon?
Flames Of War doesn’t generally distinguish between No you don’t, however there was only one
the sides and rear of a vehicle, so yes it does. reconnaissance Gun Platoon in the entire division so
If you wanted to you could have a house rule defining it would be unusual for it not to be supporting the
the rear as between two lines running along the sides armoured cars.
of the vehicle, but that is too fiddly for my tastes.
Tanks And Other Fighting Vehicles
Rear AA Mount The light flame-thrower mounted on the Sd Kfz
The Rear AA MG mounted on a half-track counts 251/16 (Flamm) is listed as having six shots. Is this
as an AA MG with a field of fire behind a line six shots per flame-thrower or per vehicle?
drawn across the rear of the half-track. Is this It is per vehicle. The half-track carried enough fuel for
against ground targets only or can it still fire at six shots in total. With both flame-throwers operating,
aircraft in front of the half-track? it can fire four of these in its first turn of shooting (two
The field of fire against aircraft is unlimited. The rear- shots for each light flame-thrower).
facing field of fire only affects shooting at ground
targets. Infantry
The Panzerknacker teams are armed with MP40
Can a team that does not have an MG (like an SMG submachine-guns. Can they fire at full ROF when
team) still fire the rear AA MG in a half-track? moving like an SMG team?
No, only Rifle/MG and MG teams can mount their Yes they can.
machine-guns on the rear AA MG mount.
British Army
British Bulldog Ronson
Does the British Bulldog special rule allow me to The Ronson special rule says that your opponent
re-roll the Motivation test to assault tanks? ‘re-rolls any Firepower tests to destroy a Sherman
No. The assault doesn’t begin until that test has been tank with a petrol engine’. What about Firepower
passed, and British Bulldog only applies once the tests to Bail Out a Sherman tank?
assault has begun. British infantry are stubborn, not All such tests to determine the effect of a failed armour
suicidal! save or equivalent were intended to be covered by the
phrase ‘Firepower tests to destroy’.
Victor Target
Can I mix mortars and artillery in the same Infantry
bombardment using the Victor Target rule? The Command Rifle/MG team is listed as having
No. Only Artillery Batteries (that is towed or self- ROF 1. Is this correct?
propelled 25 pdr guns) can use the Victor Target rule. No. It is a Rifle/MG team and as such should have
If I have more than one Artillery Battery, can I use ROF 2.
the Victor Target special rule to add more batteries
to an Artillery Bombardment after I successfully Guns And Vehicle Weapons
range it in? The 40mm Bofors gun is shown as having a gun
No. You must assign the batteries to the Artillery shield, is this correct?
Bombardment before attempting to range in. If the No it is not. The Bofors didn’t gain a gun shield until
ranging in attempt fails, then none of the batteries the late war period.
involved can fire an Artillery Bombardment this turn.
If I fire two batteries, can I choose which side of

the first template to put the second template?
There is no ‘second template’. Both templates are
combined into one double-width template centred on
the target point.

Soviet Army
Komissar No Loader
Can I use a Komissar to retake a Motivation test if The OT-34 flame-tank has the No Loader special
the Komissar is Out of Command? rule. Are they also affected by the 2-man Turret
As the rules are written, you can. However the intention special rule?
was for the Komissar to be In Command to use the No they are not. The No Loader special rule already
Komissar special rule, otherwise players can do some incorporates the 2-man Turret rule. The notes in the
very odd things. We strongly recommend this and the arsenal are incomplete. They do not note the reduction
following change as house rules. of the main gun to ROF 1.
Can my Komissar choose any team in the company Turret Rear Machine-gun
to destroy and retake the Motivation test?
Can the turret rear machine-gun in a KV heavy
Once again, as the rules are written, the answer is yes. tank fire as a normal machine-gun?
The intention was for the Destroyed team to be within
Command Distance of the Komissar team. Yes it can. The Turret rear Machine-gun special rule
is an additional effect.
On the same note, shooting Binky the company cart
horse is probably not going to motivate the troops to What is the field of fire for a turret rear machine-
as well as other options. The team that the Komissar gun?
destroys should be an Infantry or Gun team.
Treat it like a hull-mounted weapon. The field of fire
If the Komissar fails to rally the platoon, can he is to the rear of the turret between two lines drawn
shoot another team to take the Motivation test a diagonally through the turret.
third time?
No. The Komissar can only use his special rule once Rocket Mortar Battery
per Motivation test. If the ‘example’ he made was Needing a full 8-man loading crew for the Katyusha
insufficient, he must wait until next turn to try again. and then another 8-man loading crew for the
ammunition truck seems rather excessive. Do I
Tankodesantniki really need all of those crew?
If the Tankovaya Platoon is Pinned Down, what No. Requiring both loading crews has proved to be a
effect does this have on Tankodesantniki riding on bit over the top. You do not need to provide a crew for
its tanks? a Katyusha rocket launcher. Providing an 8-man loading
crew for the ammunition truck is sufficient.
None at all. Although you might like to look at the
Experimental Rules at the end of the document for
other ways of handling them. Reconnaissance Companies
Do I have to take an entire Armoured Car Company
If a tank is Bailed Out, what effect does this have of six to ten armoured cars? If so what effect does
on Tankodesantniki riding on it? each platoon having its own Command team have?
No effect at all. They can still fight and shoot to defend Like scouts, armoured cars are not affected by the
their tank, although they can’t move anywhere without Centralised Control special rule. They operate by
the tank! platoon, not by company. Each platoon of four armoured
cars is a separate unit and is taken as a separate Support
choice.
Italian Army
Ammunition bearers are removed ‘before shooting’.
Does this mean that they are removed before the HQ Platoons
ranging in rolls for the Mortar Battery and are lost The diagrams for the HQ Platoons for the
whether or not the battery ranged in and fired, or Compagnia Bersaglieri and Compagnia Fucilieri
are they removed after the ranging in, but before don’t show a Company Command team. Is this a
the bombardment to reflect the fact that the high mistake?
intensity firing and extra ammo expenditure they Yes. The Command teams shown in the HQ Platoon
represent would not take place unless the battery should be Company Command teams.
had ranged in?
They are removed after ranging in.

Combat Missions
Where do I measure the distance to objectives from? Do I have to place my Company Command team
The rules don’t specify, but we usually measure from on the table, or can I leave it in Reserve?
the edge of the team to the centre of the objective You may attach your Company Command team to a
marker as that means that the size of your objective platoon that is held in Reserve if you wish and bring
marker is irrelevant. it on when that platoon arrives.
Be aware though, that if you have to make a Company
My game ended because we ran out of time. Neither
Morale Check before the Company Command team
side had taken an objective from the enemy. Who
arrives, you will automatically fail it.
wins the game?
That depends on the mission. Each mission has a My opponent has placed a platoon of infantry along
Deciding Who Won section that describes who won. the entire area that my Reserves can arrive from.
This applies no matter why the game ended (note: the I can’t bring my Reserves on without going within
Ending The Battle section only describes when the 2”/5cm of the platoon. What do I do?
battle ends, it has nothing to do with who won). Since you have to move onto the table before the rule
In Free-For-All both players lose if the game ends can take effect, you move onto the table the minimum
before either side takes an objective. In this case the distance needed to fit the base. If the enemy teams are
players look up their opponent’s losses on the Loser’s physically in the way, you place your teams on the
Points column to find out how many points they gained. other side of them.
If neither side lost a platoon, the result is a 1:1 loss. If
both sides lost two or more platoons the result is a 3:3 Free-For-All
loss. This is deliberate to make it better to attack and
die trying in a hopeless situation than to sit back hand Must I deploy mounted in my vehicles in the Free-
have a stalemate. For-All mission?
In Hold The Line the defender wins unless the attacker No. Your troops may be deployed dismounted and in
has taken an objective. firing positions if you wish.
Other missions will have their own criteria. Do I count as moving when shooting in my first
turn in a Free-For-All mission?
Ambushes No. You only count as moving (that is you cannot be
Are troops deployed in Ambush also entrenched in Gone to Ground etc) when shot at before your first
Prepared Positions? turn (if you are the second player).
If the defenders are in Prepared Positions, then any So can I fire Artillery Bombardments in my first
troops held in Ambush are also entrenched in Prepared turn?
Positions.
Yes. You count as moving before your turn, but once
Infantry that are not moving are Concealed. Does your turn begins you can choose to move or not.
this mean that they can be revealed in the open
4”/10cm away from the enemy? Hold The Line
No. The Ambush rules require the ambushing troops Why don’t infantry get to defend in Hold The Line?
to be 16”/40cm away if they are not in concealing
terrain. Although the infantry are concealed, they are This mission represents a relatively fluid battle situation.
not in concealing terrain as the terrain isn’t concealing Although infantry were usually on the defensive when
them, their lack of movement is. tanks were about, this is not always the case. There
are numerous accounts of infantry formations
How do I make an Ambush against troops moving counterattacking over-extended tank thrusts or of tank
through a wood? I can only see 4”/10cm, but I can’t forces being left in defensive positions due to a shortage
reveal my troops within 4”/10cm! of infantry.
Interesting problem. We didn’t consider this situation In a more game-oriented sense, it also prevents infantry
when the rules were written. For the moment simply forces from adopting a purely defensive configuration
deploy the ambush at 4”/10cm distance from the enemy. (although they can elect to fight The Big Push from
Hitler’s Fire Brigade if the want to fight a defensive
battle). Players have to consider that they may be called
Reserves upon to attack mobile forces and have a plan for doing
My motorised infantry are in Reserve. Do they have so.
to arrive mounted or can they walk onto the table?
If I am defending in the Hold The Line mission, do
They can dismount off table and walk on if they wish.
I have to push the enemy back across the halfway
If I have an anti-tank platoon in Reserve, can they line to win?
be placed at the edge of the table and count as not No. You win if at the end of the game the attacker does
having moved for shooting? not hold either objective. Pushing the enemy back
No. All teams from a platoon arriving from Reserves across the halfway line is simply one way to end the
must move onto the table in the Movement step. They game, as is running out of time, or the attacker taking
are not simply placed on the table. the objective.

Intelligence Handbooks
Some of the rules in the Intelligence Handbooks Why do things like mortars have two Firepower
are different from those in the Intelligence Briefing ratings (like 3+/6) rather than one (say -/6)?
in the rulebook. Which ones do I use? Because the rules say to use the Artillery Firepower
Use the one in the Intelligence Handbook that you table. If we wrote it ‘-/6’, then players wouldn’t know
make the force from. Over time we have developed whether to follow the rules and put the value 6 into
better ways of representing forces on the table top the Artillery Firepower table (yielding a mortar
resulting in slightly different rules and ratings from incapable of harming targets in bullet-proof cover) or
the original rulebook. use the 6 as is.
What happens when an Intelligence Handbook is Warriors In Flames Of War

reprinted and updated?
Can I use a Warrior from one Intelligence Handbook
If an Intelligence Handbook has significant errors or with a force made from another? As an example,
simply no longer matches more recent publications, could I use Remer with a Desert Fox force or
Battlefront updates it when it comes due for a reprint. Rettemeier with a Hitler’s Fire Brigade force?
The updates are always available on our website to
download and paste into your existing copy, so you do Yes you can. The Afrikakorps had heroic infantry
not need to buy the latest version. leaders and the Eastern Front heroic Panzer leaders.
You must still follow all of the restrictions for each
You should always endeavour to use the latest version individual Warrior (so Remer cannot command a
as it corrects numerous small errors and tidies up Grenadierkompanie for example).
loopholes in the rules.
If you fielded Remer in a Desert Fox Panzergrenadier
As Flames Of War develops, there are fewer changes force, it would be sensible to do some research and
occurring and more recent Intelligence Handbooks find a heroic leader fighting in the desert and call the
have fewer corrections. Warrior that instead.
The new Intelligence Handbooks have two The Warriors suitable for use in other books are:
Firepower ratings for artillery weapons. Why is • Remer in Desert Fox.
this? • Rommel in Hitler’s Fire Brigade.
When we wrote the rules we put the Artillery Firepower • Rettemeier in Hitler’s Fire Brigade.
table in the rulebook. Since then we have realised it
would be simpler to just give two Firepower ratings
as we did for the Anti-tank ratings and save everyone
from having to look up the table.

Diving Eagles
Ground Operations FG42 Parachute Rifles
Can I select supporting troops for my paratroopers FG42 teams add one dice to the number that they
from Hitler’s Fire Brigade, Stalingrad or Desert roll at ranges up to 8”/20cm. Does this mean that
Fox? they roll two dice when Pinned Down?
Yes you can. Parachute forces operated with a wide As the rules are written, yes it does. However, that
variety of troops. If you elect to do so however, all of wasn’t the intention and it should only give them the
the support troops you select that don’t come from extra dice if they are not Pinned Down.
Diving Eagles must come from the same book.
Infantry Teams
In Hitler’s Fire Brigade, Armoured Car Patrols are
shown as Weapons Platoons in the Aufklärungs- HMG teams only have a Range of 16”/40cm. Should
schwadron, but are Support Platoons for a it be 24”/60cm like all other HMG teams?
Panzerkompanie. Can I take them as a Support Yes. The HMG teams in Diving Eagles should have a
option? Range of 24”/60cm.
Yes you can. If any company in a book can take it as
a Support Platoon, then a Diving Eagles force can too. Should the Stummelwerfer be able to fire smoke?
Yes it should.
Pioneer Platoon
The Stummelwerfer is shown as close-support
Does the Pioneer Platoon have access to a Pioneer artillery. Does it get to re-roll the first failed ranging
Supply Vehicle to allow them to gap anti-tank ditches roll like other mortars?
or lay mines?
Yes it does. It should be a close-support mortar.
A Pioneer Platoon engaged in ground operations may
take a 3-ton truck as a Pioneer Supply Vehicle for
+10 points. Guns
Should the 7.5cm GebG36 have a gun shield?
Warriors In Flames Of War Yes it should.
In Hitler’s Fire Brigade Higher Command teams
allow nearby platoons to re-roll failed Motivation Should the 10.5cm LG40 have a gun shield?
tests. Can Von der Heydte do this too? No. Although the gun has a very small gun shield, the
Yes. Add a sentence to the Higher Command Teams crew move away from the weapon to fire it, negating
section to say: the protection offered by the shield.
If the Higher Command team is not Pinned Down, any The 7.5cm LG40 can use hand carts to move quickly.
platoon whose command team is within 6”/15cm re- Can the 10.5cm LG40 do the same?
rolls failed Motivation tests. The Higher Command
No. The 10.5cm LG40 is heavier than the 7.5cm LG40.
team does not re-roll failed Company Command
Checks.
Aircraft
Oberst Freiherr Von der Heydte Can a Diving Eagles force use the Hs129 ground
attack aircraft from Hitler’s Fire Brigade or Desert
Von der Heydte comes with a motorcycle in the
Fox as a Support option?
pack, but there is no option to give him any
transport. How can I use the motorcycle? Yes it can. The Hs129 operated alongside the
Fallschirmjäger in Tunisia and on the Eastern Front.
Von der Heydte may take a motorcycle and sidecar as
his personal transport in ground operations for +5 points.
Airborne Assaults
When can Von der Heydte use his Rally Once More Can I pick up canisters and load them into a vehicle
special rule? and drive away with them?
At the start of any turn that he is a member of a No. In reality a platoon dropped with a dozen or more
Fallschirmjäger Platoon, whether it is the turn he first canisters, not just one, so the model canister represents
joined the platoon or a subsequent turn in which he is them all scattered over quite an area.
still joined to the platoon.
Can I destroy a canister?
Can Von der Heydte only use his Rally One More
rule on ‘Fallschirmjäger Platoons’ as in the Combat No, canisters can never be Destroyed.
Platoon, or on any platoon in a Fallschirmjäger
Can I pick and choose the opponents I use the Death
force?
From Above mission on in a tournament?
Only on the Fallschirmjäger Platoons listed in the
As always it is up to the tournament organiser. However,
Combat Platoons section.
I would recommend that if a Death From Above variant
list is provided then you are obliged to use this mission
whenever possible.

Hitler’s Fire Brigade

Hitler’s Fire Brigade was updated and reprinted in A motorcycle team can have either one or two
November 2004. If you have an older copy you can motorcycle models in it. Historically, each motorcycle
download the changes from our website. carried a driver and two passengers, so two motorcycles
were needed to carry a team of four. If you choose to
Can I use Hitler’s Fire Brigade to form a DAK use two models, they should be based together and
Panzer or Panzergrenadier force for use in Africa? treated as one team for all purposes. Alternatively, to
Yes. Although Hitler’s Fire Brigade is specifically save models you could use a single motorcycle for
aimed at forces on the Eastern Front, the forces fighting each team.
in Africa used similar organisations and equipment in
many cases. With a little research you should be able What about the Heavy Platoon?
to make up a DAK force using the new handbook. On Motorised Heavy Platoons also swap each Kfz 70 for
the other hand Desert Fox would be better to make a two motorcycle teams.
DAK force from.
If a platoon replaces its motorcycles with
Panzerkompanie Schwimmwagen amphibious jeeps, what happens
with the Kfz 15 field cars?
Can I mix different types of Panzer III and IV tanks
in the same platoon? They should also be replaced with Schwimmwagen
amphibious jeeps.
Yes. 6th Panzerdivision had a mix of short and long-
barrelled Panzer III and short and long-barrelled Shouldn’t the Heavy Armoured Car Platoon be a
Panzer IV tanks in each platoon at Kursk. recce platoon?
If my company HQ Platoon has say Panzer III L No. This platoon provided gunfire support for the
tanks, do I have to have a platoon of Panzer III L armoured cars, rather than reconnoitring itself.
tanks or will any Mixed Panzer Platoon do?
The Panzer III H or J and all of the upgrades from it
Gun Teams
are all considered the same type of tank when buying Is the 8cm GW34 mortar really a light gun?
a Panzerkompanie, so you must have a platoon of No. That is a typo.
Panzer III and/or IV tanks, but they can be any variant.
Fortifications
Panzergrenadierkompanie
If you have more than one pioneer team working
The Mortar Platoon doesn’t include any transport on a minefield, you still have to roll Skill tests to
for the Observer teams. How are they supposed to see if they blow themselves up, even if the first one
travel? What do I do if I put them in armoured succeeds in clearing the minefield. Why bother
half-tracks? having more than one team working on a minefield?
The Mortar Platoon was normally only found in If you have relatively unskilled pioneers working on
unarmoured Panzergrenadier battalions. These units a minefield, it is often a good idea to have plenty of
expected to dismount and advance into battle on foot, them working to clear lanes at the same time just to
so the Observer teams don’t need transport. make sure that you end up with at least one cleared
Only Grossdeutschland and the SS-Panzergrenadier lane.
divisions had armoured Mortar Platoons. Since they The rule requiring them all to roll even if you have a
also had Heavy Platoons, the Heavy platoon was success with one reflects them all working at the same
expected to provide immediate fire support, while the time. You can’t just try one team, and when it fails,
Mortar Platoon emplaced for more planned operations say OK, I’ll send in another, then when that succeeds,
which usually involved attacks on foot. say OK, none of the rest will bother now. If you want
lots of people working to speed the job up, you’ll have
Can I upgrade individual 3.7cm PaK36 anti-tank lots of risk too.
guns in my Light Anti-tank Gun Platoon to have
Stielgranate ammunition, or does it have to be all If a number of pioneers work together to make a
or nothing? gap in an anti-tank obstacle, where do you place
You must equip all of them with Stielgranate if you the gap?
equip any. Anywhere on the obstacle they are working on that is
adjacent to at least one of the teams.
Aufklärungsschwadron
The rules talk about half-tracks crossing barbed
My motorised Aufklärungs Platoons are equipped
wire. However, barbed wire is classified as Very
with motorcycles. How many should they have?
Difficult Going for Half-tracked vehicles, yet Half-
The handbook has an error in that it says to replace tracked vehicles cannot cross Very Difficult terrain.
each Kfz 70 truck with one motorcycle team. Of course
Barbed wire and trench lines etc, are special cases.
a motorcycle team can only carry one passenger, so
Unlike normal Very Difficult Going, half-tracks can
that would leave the other team in the squad without
cross them requiring a Skill test like fully-tracked
transport. You should replace each Kfz 70 truck with
vehicles in more usual Very Difficult terrain.
two motorcycle teams, one for each team in the squad.

Desert Rats
Desert Rats was updated and reprinted in March 2005. Anti-tank Gun Rules
If you have an older copy you can download the changes
Does the Defensive Fire Against Tanks (previously
from our website.
Guns In Defensive Fire) rule only apply to anti-
tank guns, or can other weapons use it as well?
Armoured Squadron
It applies to any weapons shooting in Defensive Fire,
Which platoons count when calculating how many even rifles.
support choices I can have in my Armoured
Squadron? Is it just the ones taken as Combat Do I have to shoot at the side armour or can I choose
Platoons or the ones taken as Weapons Platoons as to shoot at the front armour?
well?
Tanks always use their Side armour rating when making
All of them count. If you have two Heavy Armoured Armour Saves against Defensive Fire. There is no
Platoons as Combat Platoons and a Light Armoured choice in the matter.
Platoon as a Weapons Platoon, you can have three
Support choices. What if their tank has Schurzen skirting? I’d rather
shoot at the front!
Royal Horse Artillery Battery Sorry, that’s what Schurzen is for.
Can I add an AA MG to my observer’s ‘Honey’
Stuart tank? Desert Terrain
Not according to the lists. However, it seems perfectly Can a German Tank move 12"/30cm forward in
reasonable to allow it. You may add an AA MG to the the Movement step to create a dust cloud and then
Marmon Herrington armoured cars and ‘Honey’ Stuart use its Stormtrooper move to hide behind it?
tanks used by a RHA Battery for +5 points per vehicle. If a vehicle Stormtroopers back, the dust cloud would
Remember though, if the observer is using the AA MG, follow it on the same side of the vehicle it was before.
he’s not doing his real job! You definitely can't Stormtrooper back to hide in your
own dust cloud, it doesn't last that long. It's only there
Can an RHA Battery change from a Murder to a
because you moved.
Stonk when using the All Guns Repeat special rule?
No. When using the All Guns Repeat rule, the artillery
bombardment must be the same as the original one.
Old Ironsides
Old Ironsides was replaced with Stars & Stripes in
February 2005. You can download the changes to
Armored, Armored Rifle, and Armored Recon
Companies from our website.

Stars & Stripes

Special Rules I am reading the I Shall Never Fail My Comrades
special rule. What counts as a Ranger Platoon? Is
Can Rangers move through buildings At the Double
this just the Combat Platoons, or does any platoon
using the Rangers Lead The Way special rule?
in a Ranger Company count?
No. Buildings are Very Difficult Going. The Rangers
The rule is referring to Ranger Platoons as in the
Lead The Way special rule only allows them to move
Combat Platoons option. It does not include other types
at the double in Difficult Going, not Very Difficult
of Rangers.
Going.
Does my Ranger Company need to be below half
Cannon and Assault Gun Platoons are Support
strength to retreat using the I Shall Never Fail My
platoon choices. The Under Command special rule
Comrades special rule?
says that the rule applies to Weapons platoon
choices, but then lists these as well. Does the Under No. If it has more Ranger Platoons destroyed than
Command special rule apply to them? fighting, It must test. If not it fights on.
Yes. Ignore the reference to Weapons platoon choices. Why are Rangers as Rifle/MG teams not Rifle
teams? Why don’t they get the Automatic Rifles
Reconnaissance Rules special rule?
If an Observer team is attached to a Recce Platoon, The Rangers and Paratroopers preferred the firepower
does this stop just the team from making a of the M1919A4 light machine-gun to the lightweight
Reconnaissance Deployment move or the whole BAR. However, the M1919 can only be fired from its
platoon? tripod making it less suitable for mobile battles.
It prevents the whole platoon from making a
Reconnaissance Deployment move. Armoured Recon Company
If a Armored Recon Platoon fires an artillery
If an Observer team is attached to a Recce Platoon,
bombardment with both light mortar teams and
can the platoon still use the Disengage rule?
the assault gun, how do you work out the result?
Yes. The Observer team is in the same position as a
Use the characteristics of the Light Mortar teams as
Recce Team that shot in that it cannot Disengage, but
these are lower than the assault gun, but count the
other teams in the platoon can.
bombardment as having three weapons firing, so no
What if the Observer team is mounted in say an rerolls are needed on hits.
M3A1 armoured car? Could the armoured car
Disengage? Tank Destroyers
Yes. Can I put a platoon of infantry on Tank Destroyers
as tank riders and place them on table at the same
Can a Recce Platoon use the Cautious Movement time as the Tank Destroyers?
rule while Entrenching? No. Any reconnaissance vehicles carrying tank riders
No. loses its stealthy abilities because the passengers give
them away. By the same token, tank destroyers lose
What about when Assaulting? their ability to move stealthily around the table with
No. Since it isn’t their opponent’s following turn, the a bunch of infantry aboard. The roles of stealth and
Cautious Movement rule has no effect on your own troop transport are incompatible.
assaults.
Are Self-propelled Anti-tank Platoons counted as
Can a Recce Platoon observe for an artillery Recce Platoons?
bombardment while doing Eyes And Ears? No they are not. However, for the purposes of the
Yes. It may not shoot, but it can range in artillery. Command Distance, Cautious Movement, Disengage,
and Break Off rules allowed them by the Seek Strike
and Destroy special rule, they are Recce Platoons.
Ranger Company
Ranger Companies are very small. How do I make Divisional Support
a full force with so few platoons?
The Parachute Field Artillery Battery is listed as
You can take more than one company in your force. having a Captain in command, but there is no
See Larger Forces on page 93 of the rulebook for more Command team in the HQ Section. Should there
details. be?
Note though, that you should not have more than one No. The Captain commands one of the Gun Section
company with less than two Ranger Platoons. when airdropping. The headings for the HQ and Gun
Section are swapped.
Is upgrading the Rangers Light mortars to 81mm
Mortars free?
Yes. You simply choose which type of mortar you want
at the start of the battle.

The special rules for Truck Sections don’t mention machine-guns allows them to fire at very long ranges,
how to deploy them. Should they? while the .50 cal is limited to short range shooting.
Yes. They should also say: Truck Sections must deploy
How does the Light Mortar Teams thing work?
with the platoon (or platoons) that they are transporting.
They do not count as a separate platoon for deployment, US Light Mortar teams are a hybrid between a light
but are counted with their passengers as a single platoon mortar and a medium mortar team. They can either
for the Ambush and Reserves and similar special rules. fire as a normal light mortar using the normal shooting
rules, or they can fire a bombardment like a medium
Can the Truck Section carry more then one platoon mortar using the normal artillery rules. They can switch
at a time seeing as it can carry up to 24 passengers? back and forth from turn to turn as they need to.
Yes it can. It is still one platoon, so they'll have to go
The 57mm antitank gun has the Poor HE special
to the same place, but if you want two platoons moved
rule listed, yet the explanation of the HE rule doesn’t
together, that's the way to do it.
mention the 57mm gun, only the 3" on the M10, so
Can I use it to tow guns around if I have already does the 57's 4+ become a 5+ just like in the
sent my guns trucks To the Rear, or if they have rulebook?
been destroyed? Yes it does.
Yes you can.
In the rulebook the Dodge 3/4-ton truck carries two
Is the only way to get the Weapons Squad in the passengers. In Stars and Stripes it is only one which
Engineer Combat Platoon to get 2 Operating Squads stops it from carrying the bazooka team as well as
as well? towing the 37mm gun in the Anti-tank Platoon.
Why?
Opps! The top white bar is wider than it should be.
You always get the Weapons Squad and add up to two It is a mistake. It can carry two passengers.
Operating Squads to that.
Where have the Dodge 11/2-ton trucks gone?
Can an Armored Recon Company have Armored They are functionally identical to the 3/4-ton version,
Engineer Platoons in support? but have more room for crew and ammunition so were
Not as written, but it should be able to, so, yes it can. commonly used for towing medium weight guns like
the 57mm. Feel free to substitute the 11/2-ton truck for
Can I add a Bulldozer to a Parachute Engineer the 3/4-ton truck in this situation.
Combat Platoon?
No. You have to remove all vehicles and guns when Vehicle Machine-guns
converting a Combat Engineer Platoon into a Parachute Infantry teams can dismount vehicle AA MG’s from
Engineer Platoon. Transport teams. Does this mean that a Mortar
Platoon command team could do the same? What
Should a Parachute Engineer platoon have two about a light mortar team in a half-track?
command teams like all of the other parachute
They are all Infantry teams, so they can dismount
platoons?
vehicle AA MG’s changing to an LMG or M2 .50 cal
Two command teams? MG team in the process. In the case of the command
team, it becomes a Command M2 .50 cal MG team as
Arsenal it is still the Platoon Command team.
M13 MGMC and T28E1 or M15 CGMC self-
propelled anti-aircraft guns have an Awkward Warriors
Layout. Can they fire Defensive Fire if they moved What happens to his ratings when Commando Kelly
more than 2”/5cm in their last Movement step? joins a Parachute Rifle Platoon?
Yes they can. If Kelly joins a Parachute Rifle Platoon, he becomes
Fearless Veteran like the rest of the platoon.
The M2 .50 cal MG team is listed as a Light Gun
which allows it to move 4”/10cm, yet the .50 cal For the Red Leg special rule for the William
Teams special rule limits its move to 2”/5cm. Which O'Darby special character, just to clarify this, does
is correct? a Trained Mortar battery with my Rifle Company
It is a Light Gun and can move 4”/10cm. score hits on a 3+ but count as Trained in all other
regards?
Why does the .50 cal machine-gun only have a range Yes.
of 16”/40cm when .30 cal heavy machine-guns have
a range of 24”/60cm?
Air Assaults
It is a matter of role, crew training, and ammunition
Can I make airborne assaults with my Parachute
supply. Heavy machine-guns have large crews with
Rifle Company?
plenty of soldiers to carry thousands of rounds of
ammunition. .50 cal machine-guns are lugged about Sure can. Our website has an article Death from Above,
by whoever dismounts them with just the 200 rounds All American Style (www.battlefront.co.nz/documents/
the vehicle was supplied with. This extra ammunition Airborne Rules.pdf) with rules for American airborne
and the training and sighting equipment of heavy assaults.

Stalingrad
Stalingrad was updated and reprinted in August 2005. Grenadierkompanie
If you have an older copy you can download the changes
from our website. Luftwaffe Feldkompanie
What happens to the Staff team if I rearm my
Strelkovy Batalon Artillery Battery with 12cm sGW43 heavy mortars?
Quality Of Quantity Since mortar teams cannot use the All Guns Repeat
rule, the Staff team is redundant and is removed.
If my Strelkovy Company had exactly 15 teams
before being shot at and was hit six times losing one
team is Pinned Down as it has less than 15 teams Assault Troop
after the shooting stops. When you use a 3,7cm PaK36 as one of the Assault
You should determine whether or not the company is Troop Assault Teams, can it fire Stielgranate
Pinned Down immediately after it takes the hits, but rounds?
before rolling any saves. Since no casualties have been No. There is no option to upgrade the guns in an Assault
removed, the Company is still 15 strong at that time Troop. The Assault Troop is modelled on the operations
and is not Pinned Down. in Stalingrad and Stielgranate ammunition was not
used by them.
Scouts—Infiltration
My Assault Troop cannot have more than two
The rule states that ‘a Strelkovy ... Company ... Assault teams of the same type yet it already contains
may infiltrate with the Scout Platoon...’. Does that four Pioneer SMG teams. How many more SMG
mean that only one Strelkovy Company can teams can I add seeing as I’m already over the limit
infiltrate? to begin with?
Yes it does. Pioneer SMG teams are not Assault teams although
Assault teams can be Pioneer SMG teams. How's that
Senior Arm Of Service for confusing!
I assume that if a Soviet arty battery ranges in on Basically, a full Assault Troop has four Assault teams
the first attempt it still gets to wound teams under and five Pioneer SMG teams. Up to two of the Assault
the template on a 5+, despite what the last sentence teams can also be Pioneer SMG teams giving the
in the grey box on page 29 says? platoon seven such teams an two Assault teams of
another type.
Just because it always hits on a six doesn't mean it
never hits on a five!
Schnellschwadron
Divisioniy Komissar Vasilevksy The rules say ‘Replace all Rifle/MG and SMG teams
with Assault Rifle teams for +15 points per squad.’
If you take Boris Vasilevsky along with your
As the Command team is the only one that can be
Battalion, does he become the Battalion
an SMG team how do I upgrade the Command
Commander? And if so, what happens to your
team to an Assault Rifle Team?
original Battalion Command team? Do you just not
field the original or something? You upgrade the whole platoon to Assault Rifle teams
(both Rifle/MG and SMG teams) for +15 points per
He's just a Divisional Komissar, he doesn’t replace
Schnell Squad. Essentially, if you upgrade the squads,
anyone. You’ll note that his rules actually require him
the command team is upgraded for free as well.
to be adjacent to the battalion command team to have
maximum effect. What are the characteristics of the Sd Kfz 223?
Does the Sd Kfz 223 have identical ratings and
Arsenal armament to the Sd Kfz 221?
Do Soviet Flamethrower teams fire at their full Yep, they share the same stat line. That’s why it is
ROF of 4 when moving? listed as ‘Sd Kfz 221 (MG) or Sd Kfz 223 (radio)’.
Yes they do.

Street Fighting Rules Not One Step Back Mission
How do I determine which teams are adjacent to What happens when a platoon only gets a couple
which other teams in a building? My terrain has of teams out of a sewer before launching an assault
all sorts of rubble and stuff in the rooms, so it can but gets Pinned Down by Defensive Fire?
be difficult to tell. The teams that got out continue as usual, the remainder
The Street Fighting rules are intended to remove the are removed from the game (but not destroyed). It is
need to measure distances within buildings. To this obviously too dangerous to leave the sewers, so they
end, simply assume that all teams in a room are adjacent head back home again.
to all other teams in the room.
What happens if my Defensive Fire wipes out all of
The Street Fighting rules say that every team in a the teams that have exited the sewer so far?
room can fight any enemy teams in the same room If they didn't do enough hits to pin the platoon, the
in an assault. Does this mean that teams can only assault continues with one team coming out per round.
allocate assault hits against enemy teams actually
in the same room and not those that are at openings? If they did enough hits to pin the platoon down, take
The rule referred to follows the same logic of every any Platoon Morale Checks needed (if most of the
team in a room being adjacent to every other team in platoon got out and massacred, the platoon could
the room. It allows any team in the room to fight any break). If they fail the Check, the platoon is destroyed.
other team in the room. If they pass the Check, remove all of the teams in the
It does not prevent them from fighting any other teams sewer from the game (the platoon isn’t destroyed, but
that they are adjacent to however, so they can still fight it isn't on table either, so has no effect either way on
teams assaulting through openings as well. Company Morale Checks).
If a platoon that has some of its teams in a building

and some out in the open launches an assault against
a tank, can the tank still shoot defensive fire at the
teams who weren’t in the building?
A tank in contact with a team that started its assault
move in a building cannot fire Defensive Fire at anyone.

Desert Fox
Panzerkompanie Arsenal
If my company HQ Platoon has say Panzer III L Why is the Anti-tank rating of the 15cm sIG33
tanks, do I have to have a platoon of Panzer III L infantry gun and the Bison only 8 rather than the
tanks or will any Mixed Panzer Platoon do? 12 in Hitler’s Fire Brigade?
The Panzer III H or J and all of the upgrades from it The HEAT ammunition used on the Eastern Front to
are all considered the same type of tank when buying deal with heavy Soviet tanks didn't make it to the desert
a Panzerkompanie, so you must have a platoon of theatre, so their AT rating is the same as the early war
Panzer III and/or IV tanks, but they can be any variant. weapons which also lack HEAT ammunition.
Panzergrenadierkompanie What is the Anti-tank rating of a 7.62cm FK36(r)

gun when firing a bombardment?
Is the Panzer Pioneer Platoon on page 23 available
to all divisions as shown or only 10. Panzerdivision The Anti-tank rating should read 10/2.
as written? Note also that the gun is a FK36(r), not an F36(r).
Only 10. Panzerdivision as written.
Fighting Withdrawal
Aufklärungsschwadron The rules for Retrograde Movement don't seem to
Does an Aufklärungs Platoon really replace each mesh with the Withdrawal Timetable. The table
Kfz 70 truck with just one motorcycle team? If so says the first platoon withdraws on turn 2, but the
what happens to the other infantry team, do they rules say you start testing to withdraw on turn 2.
walk? The table on page 43 is just a quick reference summary
No, they replace each Kfz 70 truck with two motorcycle of the rules on the preceding page. Most forces have
teams, one for each infantry team. five or more platoons, so they usually withdraw the
first one on turn 2 as shown on the table. The actual
What about the Heavy Platoon? rules are a more explicit and cover the situation where
your force is four platoons or less.
Likewise, two motorcycles for each Kfz 70 truck.
What are Delay Counters?
And the Panzer Pioneer Platoon, do they have one
or two Sd Kfz 250 half-tracks for each squad? A Delay Counter is a counter or marker used to indicate
the passage of time in a Fighting Withdrawal mission.
Two Sd Kfz 250 half-tracks at a cost of +15 points per The counter can be anything from a plastic token to a
half-track. miniature clock, whatever suits your fancy.
Divisional Support When you withdraw your first platoon and remove
Do Italian platoons count as support platoons when all the Delay Counters, do you then start
making up your force? accumulating Delay Counters again or do you just
continue withdrawing one platoon per turn?
No. Any Italian platoons you add to your force are in
addition to the usual support platoon choices. You withdraw a platoon and remove all Delay counters
at the start of any turn where you have five or more
I have Avanti Savoia. Which specific platoons can platoons and Delay Counters on the table. When they
I take as Italian allies? are removed, they are gone and start accumulating
again.
Carri Platoons, Bersaglieri Platoons (the basic rifle
platoons only), and Self-propelled 75/18 Platoons. As an example a force of five platoons withdraws as
follows...
Where are the Marder II’s that are mentioned in Turn 1: No withdrawal.
the Tank-hunter Platoon text? Turn 2: Five platoons, so one withdraws.
They were supporting the Luftwaffe troops of the Turn 3: Four platoons, so gain a delay counter.
Fallschirmjäger and Division Hermann Göring in Turn 4: Four platoons and one delay counter (total of
Tunisia, neither of which are covered in Desert Fox. five), so one withdraws and remove delay counters.
Turn 5: Three platoons, so gain a delay counter.
Is the Panzer 1 B tank that can command a Tank- Turn 6: Three platoons and one delay counter, so gain
hunter Platoon a standard Panzer I B tank or a a delay counter.
Panzer I Command tank? Turn 7: Three platoons and two delay counters (total
It is the standard Panzer I B, not the Panzer I Command. five), so one withdraws and remove delay counters.
These were old tanks released by the tank companies Turn 8: Two platoons left...
taken over by the tank-hunter units.
Should the 3.7cm PaK36 in the Nebelwerfer battery If the attacking side is on the objective at the start
be able to upgrade to Stielgranate? If so where are of the defender’s turn 7, do they win?
the characteristics for it? No. Page 155 of the rulebook states that you do not
No it shouldn’t, there was no Stielgranate in the desert, hold an objective until the start of your own turn.
hence no characteristics.

For King And Country

British Infantry Battalions Can a Field Battery change from a Murder to a
Stonk when using the All Guns Repeat special rule?
The 51st Highland Division seems to have the same
details as the 1st Infantry Division. Is this correct? No. When using the All Guns Repeat rule, the artillery
bombardment must be the same as the original one.
There was a bit of a glitch in laying up the text on page
8. The battalions of the 51st Highland Division got What happens when a Field battery with Priest
replaced by another copy of the 1st Division. self-propelled guns fires a Mike Target
The correct information is: bombardment? It normally has an Artillery
Firepower rating of 4+. Does this change to 5+?
51st Highland Division
No. It remains at 4+.
1/7 Mx (MG)
152 Infantry Brigade
2 Seaforth The British Empire
3 Seaforth Can I combine two different variations like the
5 Camerons Scots and Guards variations to get the Scots Guards?
153 Infantry Brigade No. Specifically, the Scots Guards are recruited from
5 Black Watch lowland Scotland and have far more in common with
1 Gordons the Grenadier Guards than the kilt-wearing celtic
5/7 Gordons maniacs of highland legend.
154 Infantry Brigade
1 Black Watch What type of company is a Divisional Cavalry
7 Black watch Squadron?
7 A & SH
It is a Reconaissance Tank Company.
Commando Troop
Can I add AA MG’s to the ‘Honey’ Stuart tanks of
There are no characteristics for SMG teams in the my Light Tank platoons?
arsenal. What are their characteristics?
Not according to the lists. However, it seems perfectly
The characteristics are given on page 67 of the rulebook. reasonable to allow it. You may add AA MG’s to the
‘Honey’ Stuart tanks for +5 points per tank.
Field Battery, Royal Artillery
Are New Zealand Armoured Platoons rated as
Can I add an AA MG to my observer’s Marmon Trained or Veteran?
Herrington armoured car?
They are rated as Trained. The New Zealand variation
Not according to the lists. However, it seems perfectly does not change the Training rating of platoons.
reasonable to allow it. You may add an AA MG to the
Marmon Herrington armoured cars of a Field Battery Does a New Zealand Field Battery cost an additional
for +5 points per car. Remember though, if the observer +20 points for the battery or +20 points for the HQ
is using the AA MG, he’s not doing his real job! and each Troop for a total of +60 points?
It costs +20 points for the entire battery as it is purchased
as a single platoon.

Avanti Savoia
Special Rules Arsenal
Can I fire one platoon at a target,wait to see the The Semovente 47/32 is open topped. Why does it
outcome of my shooting, and then decide whether have a Top armour rating of 1?
to shoot or use the Avanti special rule with another That’s a typo. It should be 0.
platoon?
No. You must make you Avanti moves before shooting. The Semovente 75/18 has increased its range from
24”/60cm in the rulebook to 32”/80cm. Is this
German Allies correct?
What types of Anti-tank Platoons can I take as Sorry, no. It is also a typo. The 75mm gun should have
German allies? a range of 24”/60cm.
It should read Anti-tank Gun Platoons referring to the
German Divisional Support choice.
Compagnia Motociclisti
When I equip my Bersaglieri with motorcycles, do
they remain Infantry teams that move as Jeeps, or
do they actually mount a Transport team?
The motorcycles are a Transport team as with other
jeep and motorcycle-mounted infantry. The wording
is unclear, but they are basically mounted on a
motorcycle team (see the Arsenal for details). If they
dismount, the motorcycles are removed since the drivers
are the combat troops.

Experimental Rules
At Battlefront we have been playing around with a eliminates this problem.
few interesting ideas in our games. As yet they aren’t As before the target player decides which teams will
sufficiently well tested to be anything but experimental. be hit, but the shooting player allocates the hits amongst
We have included them here so that you can try them the selected teams. If all of the hits are from the same
out if you want to. type of weapon, this is identical to the Flames Of War
Note: The rules presented in this section are purely rulebook. However, if the hits come from different
experimental. Feel free to use them in your games, but types of weapons, the shooting player can assign the
make sure that you have your opponent’s agreement most effective weapons against each target.
first. If your opponent doesn’t want to use the
experimental rules, use the rules from the Flames Of
War book.
Assaults
Defensive Fire
Moving At The Double At present teams that moved At the Double can fire
The current rules are a little generous in allowing Defensive Fire. This is an anomaly since they cannot
troops to move at the double extremely close to enemy fire in other circumstances.
positions. Few troops will expose themselves quite so Teams that moved At the Double in their last Movement
recklessly. step are concentrating on moving as fast as possible
A team that is moving At the Double may not start and are not expecting to be attacked. They cannot fire
their movement or come within 8”/20cm of any visible Defensive Fire if assaulted.
enemy team.
Defender Checks Motivation
Moving Off The Table The rules as they stand allow a platoon that is fleeing
An interesting question that we have been asked is an assault to end up within 4”/10cm of an enemy team
‘can I move my teams off the table?’ We never really that wasn’t in the assaulting platoon and suffer no ill
considered this possibility when developing the game, effects. This makes it difficult to surround an enemy
so here are some rules to cover the possibility. platoon.
If a team can reach the table edge, you may move it A team that flees and ends its movement within 4”/10cm
off the table. If you do so it will not return to the battle of any enemy team surrenders and is Destroyed.
during the game. Being off the table, but not destroyed
it does not feature at all in Company Morale Checks. Victory
If the team did not exit from your own deployment At present the winner of an assault automatically rallies
area, it counts as Destroyed instead. even if they were Pinned Down before hand. If instead
all participants in an assault, whether victorious or
Gone To Ground
not,are Pinned Down, assaults by multiple platoons
become more profitable and a window for immediate
Although a platoon will normally deploy and operate counterattacks opens.
as a unit, there are times when the platoon will split
up to cover two different areas or keep mortars out of Any platoon that took part in an assault is Pinned Down
sight firing from behind a hill while the rest of the at the end of the Assault step after any Consolidation
platoon occupy the crest. In such cases, part of the or Breakthrough assault.
platoon could fire without revealing the rest of the
platoon’s positions. Assault Too Successful
Rather than having an entire platoon count as Gone In the case of a multiple platoon assault, it sometimes
To Ground, each team can be Gone To Ground or not. happens that one platoon assaults the enemy and
If a team is Concealed and it did not move or shoot in destroys them leaving another platoon that was planning
its last turn, it is considered to have Gone To Ground. on assaulting hanging in the breeze.
Remember though, that the score required to hit a If a platoon was eligible to assault an enemy platoon,
platoon is the score required to hit the easiest valid but the enemy platoon was destroyed by another friendly
target in the platoon. That means that unless all of the platoon, or the teams eligible to be assaulted moved
visible teams in range have Gone To Ground, there out of assault range in a previous assault, the assaulting
isn’t any benefit in some of them doing so as their platoon can still launch the assault and occupy their
more active comrades reveal their position. positions in the same way as allowed by the Too
Successful Shooting rule.
Allocating Hits Morale
Which Teams Were Hit
At present the target player can allocate hits to a platoon Company HQ Platoons
so that a tanks main gun blows away an infantry team Having defined the HQ Platoon more clearly, the issue
while its machine-guns bounce harmlessly off the of the platoon ceasing to exist if the command teams
accompanying half-tracks. Obviously the shooting join other platoons is no-longer an issue.
player would have preferred the main gun hits to be If the 2iC Command team has something other than
allocated to the half-tracks and the machine-gun hits their own transport to command, count the HQ Platoon
to the riflemen. A variation on the allocating hits rule as any other platoon for Company Morale Checks.

Air Support
Movement
At present aircraft have a lot of freedom of action in
Flames of War. Pilots preferred to attack across the
lines to minimise their exposure to anti-aircraft fire.
Flying along the line was tantamount to suicide.
Ground attack aircraft must fly on from either player’s
table edge and fly along the table parallel to the table
sides. The aircraft model must be placed in a line
directly towards the table edge from its target.
If a player doesn’t have a specific table edge (such as
in the Death From Above mission where the defenders
deploy in the centre of the table), aircraft may come
in from any table edge and fly parallel to the adjoining
table edges.
Bombs And Rockets

At present aircraft roam over the battlefield picking
the most important targets with an almost godlike
precision. This doesn’t quite gel with accounts of pilots
having difficulty identifying the correct target while
flying at high speed and dodging flak.
While placing aircraft in the Movement step, select
the desired target for each aircraft and roll a die for
each.
• If the score would be sufficient to hit the target
with normal shooting, place the aircraft to attack
that target.
• Otherwise, choose a new target in a different platoon
and roll again.
An aircraft may make three attempts to locate a target
before it flies off the table in search of better hunting.
Having located its target, all teams under the template
are hit on a roll of 4+
Pinning Down
One of the often-reported effects of air attacks is the
confusion that reigns afterwards as the troops scattered
by the attack regroup and prepare to continue the battle.
Any platoon hit by aircraft is Pinned Down. Only one
hit is required.
Taking Objectives
An objective is not really taken until there are combat-
ready troops on it. At present troops are able to move
At the Double to rush across the table and claim or
contest an objective, but since they are not really
combat ready, this doesn’t really work.
A team that moved At the Double cannot take or contest
an objective.

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Lessons From The Front–III

Questions And Answers About Flames Of War

Anti-tank Gun Rules (Desert Rats)

Reconnaissance Rules (Old Ironsides)

Fortifications And Pioneer Rules (Hitler’s Fire Brigade)

Street Fighting Rules (Stalingrad)

Sniper Rules (Stalingrad)

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Do I have to have the Transport teams for a platoon?

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Are Entrenchments Difficult Going?

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Roll To Hit If I shoot at a platoon that has teams with two

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Does the game end when the Company Command

Can the 2iC Command team take Company Morale

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If the platoon fails a morale check and vaporizes,

Can an Observer team still range in artillery if it

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How To Create A Force

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Kampfgruppe Can a German artillery unit make a Stormtrooper

10 October 2005 © Battlefront Miniatures Ltd. Page 21

If I fire two batteries, can I choose which side of

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What happens when an Intelligence Handbook is Warriors In Flames Of War

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Hitler’s Fire Brigade

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Stars & Stripes

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If a platoon that has some of its teams in a building

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Panzergrenadierkompanie What is the Anti-tank rating of a 7.62cm FK36(r)

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For King And Country

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