Module 5

Flight Operations Considerations

 Course Structure

Module 1 Module 2 Module 3

Course Introduction EDTO Foundation Approval Process

Module 4 Module 5 Module 6

Type Design & Reliability Flight Operations Maintenance
Considerations Considerations Considerations
Module 8
Module 7 Module 9
Implementing EDTO
Continued Surveillance Assessment
Regulations

Module 10 – Wrap Up
05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 2
 Objectives

At the end of this module, participants will

understand the flight operations requirements and
dispatch planning considerations supporting EDTO
operations.

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 3

 EDTOM References
Doc 10085: Extended Diversion Time Operations (EDTO) Manual EDTOM
Chapter 3: EDTO flight operations requirements
3.1 General
3.2 Conversion of threshold and maximum diversion time into distance
3.3 Operations beyond 60 minutes
3.4 Operations beyond EDTO threshold time
3.5 Flight preparation considerations
3.6 In-flight considerations
3.7 Aeroplane performance data
3.8 EDTO flight operations manual (EFOM)
3.9 EDTO training programme

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 4

 Module 5 - Outline

Part I Defining the EDTO Area of Operations

Part II Performing EDTO Flight Planning

Part III Conducting EDTO Flights

Part IV Documentation and Training

Part V Practical Exercise

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 5

 Area of Operation Determination

Objective:
• To establish a geographic region for conducting EDTO flight operations, or
to demonstrate that an operation does not require EDTO capability. The
area of operations assessment establishes applicability of the standards set
forth in Annex 6, Part 1 and associated State regulations.

− Does the operation require a diversion time in excess of 60 minutes?

(If so, Section 4.7.1 applies)

− Does the operation require a diversion time in excess of the state established
threshold time? (If so, Section 4.7.2 and Specific EDTO Approval applies)

− If EDTO, what is the maximum diversion time (MDT) required?

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 6

 Area of Operation Applicability

Annex 6, Part 1 (4.7.2.1):

• EDTO specific approval is required to operate on routes where the

diversion time to an enroute alternate aerodrome exceeds a threshold
time established by the State.
− One engine inoperative (OEI) speed for two engine aeroplanes
− All engines operating (AEO) speed for aeroplanes with more than two engines
− Standard day (ISA), still air conditions

• Diversion time must be converted to distance to establish geographic

applicability (ref Attachment C, and Chapter 3 of the EDTOM).

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 7

 Area of Operation Dependencies

• The primary factors affecting the EDTO Area of Operation

determination include the selection of:
• Enroute alternate aerodromes

}
• Maximum Diversion Time (MDT)
To Establish
• Assumed Diversion Speed (OEI or AEO)
Diversion Distance
• Assumed Diversion Weight (Reference Weight)

• These same considerations apply to area of operations determination for:

• 60-minute operations
• Operations within the EDTO threshold time

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 8

 Definitions
• Enroute Alternate Aerodrome (Annex 6, Part 1 Definitions)
Alternate Aerodrome: An aerodrome to which an aircraft may proceed when it
becomes either impossible or inadvisable to proceed to or to land at the
aerodrome of intended landing where the necessary services and facilities are
available, where aircraft performance requirements can be met and which is
operational at the expected time of use.
En-route alternate: An alternate aerodrome at which an aircraft would be
able to land in the event that a diversion becomes necessary while en route
(may also be the takeoff and/or destination aerodromes).

Note: An EDTO Alternate Aerodrome is an en-route alternate

aerodrome which has been nominated for an EDTO flight

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 9

 EDTO Area of Operation

En-route Alternate Aerodrome Considerations

• Availability (e.g. hours of operation or ability to respond to a diversion)

• Performance requirements for the expected landing weight (e.g. runway length, width)

• Runway strength (with allowance for ICAO and State overload guidance*)

• Ground operational services (ATS, lighting, communications, weather reporting)

• At least one let down navigation aid and approach procedure

• Emergency services (Minimum RFFS Category 4)

• Other criteria: Maintenance facilities, passenger accommodations…

* ICAO Doc 9157 - Aerodrome Design Manual, Part 3 - Pavements, Chapter 2

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 10
 EDTO Area of Operation

Assumed weight at diversion (Reference Weight)

• Not specifically defined in the ICAO Standards, but intended to be a
representative weight for the planned EDTO operation.
• Potential approachs:
− Weight at xx minutes (EDTO threshold time) into a typical mission
− Heaviest expected weight at EDTO Entry Point (EEP)
− Heaviest expected weight at Equal Time Points (ETPs) between EDTO
diversion aerodromes.

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 11

 EDTO Area of Operation
Two Engine Aeroplanes

Approved one engine inoperative (OEI) speed

− Typically a Mach/Indicated Airspeed (IAS) combination, which must be
within the certified operating limits of the aeroplane

− Basis for both the EDTO area of operation diversion distance and engine
inoperative diversion fuel requirements

− Normally a high speed approaching MMO/VMO is selected, but this may be

reduced if diversion fuel limitations or altitude capability considerations are a
factor

− The diversion distance calculation assumes Maximum Continuous Thrust

(MCT) on the operating engine and includes a driftdown profile from the initial
all engine cruise altitude

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 12

 EDTO Area of Operation
Two Engine Aeroplanes
Example Operational Flight Envelope WP-911 / RG3350-89

• Based on upset protection to maximum

dive speeds (MD, VD)

• Some margin is typically included in

overspeed warning systems
(e.g. VMO-5 KIAS)

• Speeds for best fuel burn are typically

well below max operating speeds
(e.g. WP-911 LRC ~ 0.84 Mach)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 13

 EDTO Area of Operation
Two Engine Aeroplanes
• Driftdown Profile Example (Still Air, ISA):

Diversion Distance is a function of:

• Diversion Time
• OEI speed (Mach/IAS)
• Reference Weight
Altitude

Transition FL

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 14

 EDTO Area of Operation
Two Engine Aeroplanes
• Effect of Diversion Weight and Speed
• Higher reference weight reduces altitude profile and distance
• Higher OEI speed reduces altitude profile
• Diversion distance improvement at higher speeds may be offset
by reduced altitude capability (true airspeed effect)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 15

 EDTO Area of Operation
Two Engine Aeroplanes

• Example Diversion Distance Information WP-911 / RG3350-89

• Engine
Inoperative
• Max
Continuous
Thrust
• Zero Wind

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 16

 EDTO Area of Operation
Two Engine Aeroplanes

Example Operational Diversion Distance Solution WP-911 / RG3350-89

Assumptions:

• EDTO Threshold Time: 60 Minutes

• EDTO Threshold Weight: 230,000 KG
• Maximum Diversion Time: 240 Minutes
• One Engine Inop (OEI) Speed: .84 Mach / 330 KIAS

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 17

 EDTO Area of Operation
Two Engine Aeroplanes

• Example Diversion Distance Information WP-911 / RG3350-89

• Engine
Inoperative
• Max
Continuous
Thrust
• Zero Wind

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 18

 EDTO Area of Operation Example
MRU-KUL
E60 E90 E120
N15

Colombo Banda Aceh

Male
Medan Kuala Lumpur
N0
Gan Island
Padang
Jakarta
2938 NM (GC)

Name IATA ICAO LDA (ft) Elev (ft) PCN RFFS

Mauritius MRU FIMP 9,974 183 98 9
S15
Gan Island GAN VRMG 8,392 6 48 7
Male MLE VRMM 10,171 6 64 9
Colombo CMB VCBI 10,991 29 85 9
Mauritius Banda Aceh BTJ WITT 9,843 64 88 7
Medan MES WIMK 9,514 90 71 8
Padang PDG WIEE 9,022 18 83 9
S30
Jakarta CGK WIII 11,811 34 114 9
Kuala Lumpur KUL WMKK 13,186 70 90 10

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 19

 EDTO Area of Operation Example
Two engine aeroplane
WP-911 / RG3350-89
• Reference Weight = 230,000 KG
• OEI Diversion Speed = .84M/330 KIAS

Colombo Banda Aceh

Male
Medan Kuala Lumpur
Beyond 60
Gan Island Minute
60 min EDTO Threshold
Padang
Operation?
Jakarta
(430 nm)
EDTO
Operation?

Maximum
Mauritius Diversion
Time
Required?

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 20

 Example EDTO Dispatch Solution
120 Minutes
WP-911 / RG3350-89
• Reference Weight = 230,000 KG
• OEI Diversion Speed = .84M/330 KIAS

Colombo Banda Aceh

Male Kuala Lumpur
Medan
60 min (430 nm)
Gan Island
Padang

Jakarta

Mauritius

120 min EDTO (840 nm)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 21

 EDTO Area of Operation
Considerations for a higher Maximum Diversion Time (MDT)
• Aeroplane must be configured to a higher airworthiness standard
− CMP, MEL Compliance

• Fewer EDTO alternates required for dispatch, but more enroute alternate
aerodromes within the EDTO area of operations
• Increased flexibility for weather avoidance and other operational factors
• Improved route optimization and less potential for indirect ‘dog leg’ routing
− Reduced route time reduces potential for problems
− Reduced over water exposure mitigates operational risk
− Enhanced operating efficiency and safety

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 22

 Example EDTO Dispatch Solution
180 Minutes
WP-911 / RG 3350-89
• Reference Weight = 230,000 KG
• OEI Diversion Speed = .84M/330 KIAS

Colombo Banda Aceh

60 min (430 nm)
Male Medan
Kuala Lumpur

Gan Island
Padang

Jakarta

Mauritius

180 min EDTO (1250 nm)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 23

 EDTO Area of Operation
Aeroplanes with more than two engines

All engines operating (AEO) speed

• Typically a fixed Mach number or Indicated Airspeed (IAS), which must
be within the certified operating limits of the aeroplane

• Basis for the EDTO area of operation diversion distance, but no relationship
to EDTO diversion fuel planning

• Normally a high speed approaching MMO/VMO is selected to maximize EDTO

time limited system capability

• The diversion distance calculation is based on a fixed true airspeed (no

driftdown), at an assumed all engine cruise altitude

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 24

 EDTO Area of Operation
Aeroplanes with more than two engines

Example Operational Diversion Distance Solution WP-3 / MT2021

Assumptions:

• EDTO Threshold Time: 120 Minutes = 964 NM [2]

• EDTO Threshold Weight: 220,000 KG

• Optimum Altitude: FL 380
• All Engines Operating (AEO) Speed: .84 Mach = 482 KTAS [1]

Dist = (TAS * Time)  60

[1] [2]
TAS = 661.4786 * M Ѳ

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 25

 EDTO Area of Operation
Aeroplanes with more than two engines

• Example All Engine Cruise Information* WP-3 / MT2021

• All Engines
Operating
• .84 Mach

* Shaded area approximates Optimum Altitude

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 26
 EDTO Area of Operation Example
Aeroplanes with more than two engines
WP-3 / MT2021
60 min (482 nm) • Reference Weight = 220,000 KG
• AEO Diversion Speed = 482 KTAS

Colombo Banda Aceh

Male
Medan Kuala Lumpur
Gan Island
Padang
Beyond 60
Jakarta Minute
Operation?

EDTO
Operation?
Mauritius
120 min EDTO Threshold
(964 nm)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 27

 Review Question

Q5.1 Chose the most appropriate definition of the term ‘MDT’

– Maintenance Data Terminal

– Mean Down Time
– Maximum Diversion Time
– Mission Design Team

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 28

 Review Question

Q5.2 Which of the following has no impact on the EDTO

diversion distance calculation

– Diversion time
– OEI or AEO speed
– Assumed diversion weight
– Enroute alternate aerodromes

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 29

 Module 5 - Outline

Part I Defining the EDTO Area of Operations

Part II Performing EDTO Flight Planning

Part III Conducting EDTO Flights

Part IV Documentation and Training

Part V Practical Exercise

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 30

 Performing EDTO Flight Planning

Planning for EDTO routes typically involves two phases:

• EDTO Approval Planning

− The EDTO Route Authorization or initial conceptual planning phase
which precedes EDTO Operational Approval

• EDTO Dispatch Planning

− The day-to-day EDTO operational flight planning
prior to each EDTO flight

Note: The decisions made in the initial approval planning phase will establish the basis for day-to-day
EDTO dispatch planning

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 31

 Performing EDTO Flight Planning

EDTO Approval Planning EDTO Dispatch Planning

(Still air planning exercise) (Considers forecast weather conditions)

• Determine approved diversion • MDT is a dispatch limitation.

speed and Maximum Diversion Check diversion fuel considering
Time (MDT) forecast wind and temperature.
• Evaluate enroute alternate • Select EDTO alternate
aerodromes aerodromes
• Establish approved EDTO area • Establish dispatch EDTO
of operation area of operation
• Implement EDTO flight planning • Execute EDTO flight planning
system system

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 32

 EDTO Flight Planning Definitions
• EDTO Entry Point (EEP):
The first point on an EDTO flight, under standard conditions in still
air, that is beyond the state established threshold time from an
enroute alternate aerodrome
Determined using an OEI speed for two engine aeroplanes and an
AEO speed for aeroplanes with more than two engines

• EDTO Exit Point (EXP):

The last point on an EDTO flight, under standard conditions in still
air, that is beyond the state established threshold time from an
enroute alternate aerodrome

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 33

 Example - EDTO Entry/Exit Points
MRU to KUL
WP-911 / RG3350-89
• Reference Weight = 230,000 KG
• OEI Diversion Speed = .84M/330 KIAS

Colombo Banda Aceh

60 min (430 nm)
Male
Male Kuala Lumpur
Medan
Gan Island
Padang
Padang

Jakarta

EXP (PDG)

Mauritius
Mauritius

180 min EDTO (1250 nm)

EEP (MRU)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 34

 Example - Multiple EDTO Sectors?
MRU to BKK
WP-911 / RG3350-89
• Reference Weight = 230,000 KG
• OEI Diversion Speed = .84M/330 KIAS Bangkok

Colombo
Banda Aceh
60 min (430 nm)
Male Kuala Lumpur
Medan
Gan Island
Padang

EXP2 (BTJ)
Jakarta

EEP2 (GAN)

EXP1 (GAN)

Mauritius
EEP1 (MRU)

Typically the entire route segment from the first EEP

to the last EXP is considered to be the EDTO Sector

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 35

 EDTO Flight Planning Definitions
• EDTO Equal Time Point (ETP):
A point of equal diversion time between EDTO alternate aerodromes,
considering forecast wind and temperature conditions at the applicable
diversion flight level

• Critical Point (CP):

The EDTO ETP at which the EDTO diversion fuel required exceeds or is
closest to the normal planned fuel load
Typically the last ETP on an EDTO flight

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 36

 Example - EDTO Equal Time Points
MRU to KUL
WP-911 / RG3350-89
• Reference Weight = 230,000 KG
• OEI Diversion Speed = .84M/330 KIAS

Colombo Banda Aceh

60 min (430 nm)
Male Medan
Kuala Lumpur

Gan Island
Padang Which ETP
is the
Critical
Jakarta

Point (CP)?
ETP2 (MLE-PDG)

Mauritius
ETP1 (MRU-MLE)
180 min EDTO (1250 nm)

Note: Still air ETPs shown for illustration purposes

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 37

 EDTO Equal Time Points
Effect of forecast wind and temperature

Same
Conditions + 60kt / ISA + 60 kt / ISA

ETP is the geographic mid point

MLE
MLE PDG
KUL

Different
Conditions
- 60kt / ISA-10 + 60 kt / ISA+10

Which direction will wind shift ETP?

What about the temperature difference?
05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 38
 Special Case - Single EDTO Alternate
MRU to KUL
WP-911 / RG3350-89
• Reference Weight = 230,000 KG
• OEI Diversion Speed = .84M/330 KIAS

Colombo Banda Aceh

60 min (430 nm)
Male Kuala Lumpur
Medan
Gan Island
Padang
Diversion
to GAN
Jakarta should be
EXP (PDG-GAN)
protected
from EEP
to EXP
Mauritius

180 min EDTO (1250 nm)

EEP (MRU-GAN)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 39

 EDTO Flight Planning Definitions
EDTO Alternate Aerodrome (EDTOM Definitions)

An en-route alternate aerodrome that is designated in a dispatch or flight release

for use in the event of a diversion during an EDTO flight, and which meets the
applicable dispatch minima (weather and field conditions)

This definition applies to flight planning and does not in any way limit the
authority of the pilot in command during flight

Note: EDTO alternate aerodromes may also be the takeoff and/or destination
aerodromes

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 40

 EDTO Alternate Considerations
Section 3.5.2
EDTO Dispatch Planning Weather Minimums
• Ceiling and visibility requirements for EDTO dispatch planning
which are more conservative than the normal operating minimums
required to conduct an approach

• Intended to account for potential deteriorating weather conditions

over a ‘period of validity’ during the EDTO flight

• Published NOTAMs and MEL constraints may impact available approach

procedures and required minimums for dispatch

• Specific requirements may vary from State to State (e.g. relief for conditional
forecast elements)

• Applicable to dispatch only, normal operating minimums apply once enroute

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 41

 EDTO Alternate Considerations
Example EDTO Dispatch Planning Minimums
(May vary from State to State)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 42

 EDTO Alternate Considerations
Example Aerodrome Approach Minimums (Gan Island)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 43

 Review Question

Based on this example, what are the EDTO dispatch

planning minimums for a Cat D straight-in approach
to Rwy 28?

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 44

 Review Question

Q5.3 EDTO Dispatch Planning Minimums (GAN, RWY 28)

− 360 ft ceiling and 2000 m visibility

− 760 ft ceiling and 3500 m visibility
− 400 ft ceiling and 1500 m visibility
− 700 ft ceiling and 3600 m visibility

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 45

 EDTO Alternate Considerations
Based on this example, what are the EDTO dispatch planning
minimums for a Cat D straight-in approach to GAN RWY 28?

760 ft ceiling (360 + 400) and 3500 m visibility (2000 + 1500)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 46
 EDTO Alternate Considerations
Period of Validity (EDTOM Section 3.5.2.3)

• The ‘time window’ over which the forecast weather conditions

should meet or exceed the EDTO dispatch planning minima at a
particular EDTO Alternate Aerodrome

• Considers the earliest to latest expected arrival times at the

EDTO alternate in the event of an enroute diversion

• Some States have applied additional margins (e.g. 1 hour )

to these times

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 47

 EDTO Alternate Considerations
Period of Validity Example (GAN)

Diversion defining
latest ETA
Typical case
with ETP
Kuala Lumpur
before and
Gan Island
Diversion defining
Padang
after EDTO
alternate
earliest ETA

ETP2

ETP1

Mauritius

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 48

 EDTO Alternate Considerations
Period of Validity Example (GAN)

Diversion defining
latest ETA

Special case
Kuala Lumpur
for single EDTO
Diversion defining Gan Island
earliest ETA
Padang
alternate
EXP

EEP

Mauritius

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 49

 EDTO Alternate Considerations
Period of Validity Example (MRU, PDG)

Kuala Lumpur Typical case

Gan Island for first and
last EDTO
Diversion defining
EXP Padang
earliest ETA
alternates
ETP2

EEP
ETP1

Mauritius
Diversion defining
latest ETA

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 50

 EDTO Period of Validity
Operational Application
Typical EDTO Flight Plan Presentation
FIMP VALIDITY PERIOD FROM 1347 UTC / TO 1547 UTC
VRMG VALIDITY PERIOD FROM 1546 UTC / TO 1827 UTC
WIEE VALIDITY PERIOD FROM 1828 UTC / TO 1839 UTC
Typical EDTO
Flight Plan

The last EDTO alternate typically has the

shortest period of validity
(additional time margin may be appropriate)

How is the flight plan validity period confirmed?

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 51

 EDTO Alternate Considerations

Rescue and Fire Fighting Service (RFFS)

• The minimum RFFS level for an EDTO alternate aerodrome is
Category 4 independent of the aeroplane RFFS category
• Any modification by NOTAM should be considered
• Some States have adopted additional requirements (e.g. RFFS 7) for
EDTO beyond 180 minutes
• State regulations may also include allowance for fire fighting resources
outside of the aerodrome environment (with sufficient response time)
• Additional guidance on RFFS levels for all aerodromes is provided in
Attachment I to Annex 6, Part I
05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 52
 EDTO Fuel Planning
Section 3.5.3

EDTO Critical Fuel Scenario

• A check against the normal planned fuel load to ensure diversion fuel
protection for EDTO (adjust fuel load if required)

• EDTO fuel protection considers three ‘scenarios’ from the most critical point
(CP) on an EDTO route to a designated EDTO alternate aerodrome:
– Engine Failure (Two Engine Aeroplanes only)
– Decompression
– Simultaneous Engine Failure and Decompression

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 53

 EDTO Critical Fuel Scenario
Section 3.5.3

Fuel Allowances:
• Icing/anti-ice
• Performance
degradation
• Wind forecast
errors
• Holding and
approach
• APU (if required)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 54

 EDTO Critical Fuel Scenario
Diversion Speed Modes

60 Min/EDTO EDTO Max Critical Fuel – Critical Fuel – Critical fuel –

Threshold Diversion All engine Engine inop Engine failure
Distance Distance depressurization depressurization only

Two engine Any selected Approved Any selected Approved Approved

aeroplanes OEI Speed OEI speed AEO speed OEI speed OEI speed

Aeroplanes with more Any selected Approved Any selected Any selected OEI Not
than two engines AEO speed AEO speed AEO speed speed Applicable

May also apply to EDTO threshold distance, if EDTO is required

• For two engine aeroplanes, the assumed speed for the engine failure critical fuel scenarios is the
approved OEI speed used to define the EDTO maximum diversion distance
05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 55
 EDTO Critical Fuel Check
Example: No Additional EDTO Fuel Required

Hold
No additional
Diversion to Destination
EDTO fuel
Alternate required
Contingency Critical Fuel
to EDTO
Alternate

Trip to destination
Trip to the
most critical
point

Taxi Taxi

Standard fuel EDTO fuel

calculation calculation
05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 56
 EDTO Critical Fuel Check
Example: Additional EDTO Fuel Required
Additional Additional Fuel
EDTO fuel Hold
required Diversion to Destination Critical Fuel
Alternate to EDTO
Alternate
Contingency

Trip to destination
Trip to the
most critical
point

Taxi Taxi

Standard fuel EDTO fuel

calculation calculation
05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 57
 EDTO Critical Fuel Scenario
Operational Application
Example - No Additional EDTO Fuel Required*
CRITICAL POINT AT : ETP2 FUEL EXCESS OF 01405
TIME TO
DIST W/C CFR FOB EXC ETP / ALT
ETP1 FIMP/VRMG 0873/0845 P012/P000 16493 30159 13666 01.57/02.26 Typical EDTO
S14456 E071438 Flight Plan

ETP2 VRMG/WIEE 0964/0994 P003/P013 18164 19569 01405 04.23/03.05

S06438 E088048

Critical Fuel Required Normal Fuel at ETP

* Normal fuel on board (FOB) exceeds critical fuel requirement (CFR) at each ETP

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 58

 EDTO Critical Fuel Scenario
Operational Application
Example - Additional EDTO Fuel Required*
CRITICAL POINT AT : ETP2 FUEL EXCESS OF 00000
TIME TO
DIST W/C CFR FOB EXC ETP / ALT
ETP1 FIMP/VRMG 0873/0845 P012/P000 16493 30159 13666 01.57/02.26 Typical EDTO
S14456 E071438 Flight Plan

ETP2 VRMG/WIEE 0964/0994 P003/P013 18164 18164 00000 04.23/03.05

S06438 E088048

Critical Fuel Required Adjusted Fuel at ETP

* Normal fuel on board (FOB) adjusted for critical fuel requirement (CFR) at ETP2

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 59

 EDTO Critical Fuel Scenario
Operational Application
Example - Additional EDTO Fuel Required*
EDTO FLIGHT/MAX DIVERSION TIME IN STILL AIR LIMITED TO 180 MINUTES
FROM THE FOLLOWING EDTO ALTERNATE AERODROMES -
FIMP/MRU,VRMG/GAN,WIEE/PDG

FUEL TIME OWE 85061 PYLD 26803

Typical EDTO
Trip to Destination  DEST WMKK 34963 6+58 . . . . AZFW 111864 MZFW 120300 Flight Plan
Contingency  RESV 1049 . . . . ATOW 154500 MTOW 154500
DEST-MNVR 0 . . . . ALDW 119537 MLDW 127800
Destination Alternate  ALTERNATE 2357
Holding  HOLD-ALT 2203 0+30
EDTO ADD 2064
REQD 42636 7+28
EXTRA 00000 Additional EDTO Fuel Uplift
Taxi  TAXI 100
TOTAL 42736 7+28

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 60

 EDTO Time Limited Systems (TLS)
Section 3.5.4
• Consideration of Time Limitations:
Annex 6 Part 1, Attachment C (3.2.5.2 and 3.3.5.2)
For all operations beyond the EDTO threshold as determined by the State of
the Operator, the operator should consider at the time of dispatch… the most
limiting EDTO significant system time, if any, indicated in the aeroplane flight
manual (directly or by reference) and relevant to that particular operation

• All aeroplanes: The time capability of the cargo fire suppression system
minus a state established operational margin (e.g. 15 minutes)

• Two engine aeroplanes: An additional system time limitation (other

than cargo fire suppression) may be identified

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 61

 EDTO Time Limited Systems (TLS)
EDTO Up to 180 Minutes (Including 15% Operational Extension)
• Time limited system planning based on still air, standard day conditions
• Does not vary from flight to flight unless aeroplane TLS configuration is impacted by
MEL constraints

EDTO beyond 180 Minutes

• Time limited system planning based on forecast wind and temperature
(planning varies from flight to flight)
• All engines operating (AEO) speed for cargo fire suppression
• One engine inoperative (OEI) speed for any two engine aeroplane time limited
systems other than cargo fire suppression

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 62

 EDTO Time Limited Systems (TLS)
EDTO up to 180 Minutes Example
Example AFM Statement - 180 Minute EDTO:

Aeroplane Flight Manual

180 Minute EDTO - Time Limited System Capability
The time capability of the most limiting EDTO significant system including
cargo fire suppression is 195 minutes

Operational Application:
• Still Air diversion time can not exceed EDTO TLS time minus 15 minutes
• 195 minute system time supports 180 minute EDTO (195 min - 15 min)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 63

 EDTO Time Limited Systems (TLS)
EDTO up to 180 Minutes Example
Consideration of Time Limited Systems based on ISA, Still Air Conditions

EDTO Dispatch Maximum Diversion Time (Still Air): 180 minutes

Cargo fire suppression system time ► check time is at least 180 min + 15 min

Other EDTO system time capability (if any) ► check time is at least 180 min + 15 min

Twins only

180 195
Time (min)

Check that planned still air diversion time does not exceed Time Limited System capability minus 15 minutes

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 64

 EDTO Time Limited Systems (TLS)
EDTO beyond 180 Minutes Example
Example AFM Statement - EDTO beyond 180 Minutes:

Aeroplane Flight Manual

EDTO Beyond 180 Minutes - Time Limited System Capability
The time capability of the cargo fire suppression system is 225 minutes
The time capability of all other EDTO significant systems is at least 290 minutes

Operational Application:
• AEO diversion time with forecast winds and temps can not exceed cargo
fire suppression time minus 15 minutes
• OEI diversion time with forecast winds and temps can not exceed other
EDTO TLS system time minus 15 minutes

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 65

 EDTO Time Limited Systems (TLS)
240 Minute EDTO Example
Time to distance relationship depends on diversion conditions:
Distance (NM)
Time Consideration / Diversion Flight Condition
Air Ground *
240 Minute EDTO Maximum Diversion Time (ISA, still air):
• OEI Driftown at Reference Weight and Approved OEI speed 1660 1660
• From Slide 15, WP-911 Diversion Distance assumed conditions:
225 Minute Cargo Fire Suppression Time (forecast winds & temps):
• AEO Cruise at ETP Weight, Typical TAS = 482 knots (.84 Mach) 1687 ???*
• 482 nm/hr * (225 min - 15 min)  60
290 Minute Other EDTO System Time (forecast winds & temps):
• OEI Driftdown at ETP Weight and Approved OEI speed, 1899 ???*
• From Slide 18 assumed conditions at 275 (290 - 15) minutes:
* TLS diversion distance will vary with forecast winds and temperatures
05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 66
 EDTO Time Limited Systems (TLS)
240 Minute EDTO Example
Consideration of Time Limited Systems based on forecast winds and temperatures

EDTO Dispatch Maximum Diversion Time (Still Air): 240 minutes

Cargo fire suppression ► check planned AEO diversion time  210 minutes

Other most limiting EDTO system (if any) ► check planned OEI diversion time  275 minutes

Twins only

210 240 275

Time (min)

Air Distance (NM) AEO wind shift

OEI wind shift 1660 1689 1899

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 67

 Minimum Equipment List
EDTOM Section 3.5.5.4
Annex 6, Part 1 Definitions:
• Master Minimum Equipment List (MMEL):
A list established for a particular aircraft type by the organization responsible for the
type design with the approval of the State of Design containing items, one or more of
which is permitted to be unserviceable at the commencement of a flight. The MMEL
may be associated with special operating conditions, limitations or procedures

• Minimum Equipment List (MEL):

A list which provides for the operation of aircraft, subject to specified conditions, with
particular equipment inoperative, prepared by an operator in conformity with, or more
restrictive than, the MMEL established for the aircraft type
Chapter 6, 6.1.3 establishes requirement for a MEL. Additional guidance is provided
in Attachment E

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 68

 Minimum Equipment List
EDTO MMEL/MEL restrictions may be related to:

• The allowable Maximum Diversion Time

Some States have established specific requirements for EDTO up to 180 minutes and
EDTO beyond 180 minutes (e.g. FAA MMEL Policy Letter 40)

• The capability of the Time Limited Systems

Example: A reduction in the capacity of the cargo fire suppression system

• Weather minimums or approach capability

These items are typically not stated as EDTO restrictions, but may impact the
assessment of EDTO alternate aerodromes
Example: “May be inoperative provided approach minimums do not require its use”

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 69

 Minimum Equipment List
Example of MEL Item based on EDTO restriction:

WonderPlanes®
WP-911

WP-911 Dispatch Deviations Guide (DDG)

ATA 24, ITEM 24-02: APU Generator System

Repair Interval No. Installed No. Required Procedure

C 1 0 (O) (M)
Except for EDTO operations, may be inoperative

What is the allowed maximum diversion time in this example?

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 70
 Minimum Equipment List
Example of MEL Item based on diversion time restriction:

WonderPlanes® WP-911SP+

WP911SP+ Dispatch Deviations Guide (DDG)

ATA 24, ITEM 24-02: APU Generator System

Repair Interval No. Installed No. Required Procedure

C 1 0 (O) (M)
May be inoperative provided:
a. IDGs and Backup Generator operate normally
b. Operations beyond 180 minute diversion time are not
conducted.

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 71

 Master Minimum Equipment List
Additional requirements for EDTO beyond 180 minutes:

FAR Part 121, Appendix P EASA AMC 20-6

• Fuel Quantity Indicating System • Fuel Quantity Indicating System
(FQIS) * (FQIS)
• APU, both electrical and pneumatic • APU, both electrical and pneumatic
• Auto throttle system • Automatic engine or propeller control
system
• Second communication system
(SATCOM Voice) * • Communication system(s) relied on by
the flight crew to comply with
• Engine-out auto-land (if used for
communication requirements
planning)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 72

 EDTO Flight Planning Summary
AIRCRAFT: WP-911 DEP: MRU/FIMP
ENGINES: SOFT THRUST 1500 DEST: KUL/WMKK
EDTO STATUS

• Check Aeroplane EDTO APPROVED: AEC

EDTO APPROVED: CREW
Y
Y
Configuration / EDTO Status EDTO APPROVED: ROUTE Y
MAXIMUM DIVERSION TIME 180 Min
TIME LIMITED SYSTEMS 195 Min
• Nominate EDTO Alternate MEL /CDL None
Aerodromes EDTO ALTERNATE AERODROMES
WEATHER MINIMUMS 
NOTAMS 
• Establish Area of Operation COMPUTER FLIGHT PLAN (CFP)
AREA OF OPERATION 

• Consider EDTO Fuel EEP, ETP, EXP
PERIOD OF VALIDITY 
Requirements CRITICAL FUEL CHECK 
WEATHER FOLDER
TAF, METARS, SIGMETS 
• Prepare Flight Folder WINDS AND TEMPS ALOFT 
ICING FORECASTS 

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 73

 Review Question

Q5.4 Chose the most appropriate definition of the term

‘ETP’

– Engineering Test Plan

– External Tracking Processor
– Employment Training Panel
– Equal Time Point

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 74

 Review Question

Q5.5 Which of the following does not apply to the

assessment of an EDTO alternate aerodrome

– Weather minima
– Landing performance requirements
– Rescue and fire-fighting service (RFFS)
– Business lounge in passenger terminal

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 75

 Review Question

Q5.6 Which of the following is not considered in the

EDTO critical fuel scenario

– Engine failure
– Decompression
– Combined engine failure and decompression
– Cargo fire

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 76

 Module 5 - Outline

Part I Defining the EDTO Area of Operations

Part II Performing EDTO Flight Planning

Part III Conducting EDTO Flights

Part IV Documentation and Training

Part V Practical Exercise

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 77

 EDTO In-flight Considerations
EDTOM Section 3.6
Fundamental Concepts:

“In-flight considerations for EDTO are separate but complimentary

to the flight preparation considerations discussed in Section 3.5.
The pilot in command is not bound by the EDTO planning
assumptions and may exercise discretionary authority to deviate
from these assumptions in the event of an in-flight emergency.”

The additional in-flight considerations for EDTO primarily consist of enhanced

awareness of aeroplane system and fuel status, and the monitoring of EDTO
alternate aerodrome conditions… Aeroplane operating procedures are typically
equally applicable to both EDTO and non-EDTO operations…

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 78

 EDTO In-flight Considerations

EDTO Flight Planning EDTO Enroute Operations

• EDTO Alternate dispatch • Enroute Alternate operating

planning minimums minimums
• Determine EDTO waypoints • Monitor flight progress within
(EEP, ETPs, EXP) EDTO Sector
• Critical fuel requirement • Operator minimum fuel policy
• MEL is applicable • QRH is applicable
• Approved OEI or AEO speed • Diversion speeds may differ at
PIC discretion

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 79

 Flight Progress Monitoring
Standard long range navigation and communication procedures and equipment
requirements apply with increased emphasis on:
• Airplane position relative to EDTO Sector (EEP, ETPs, EXP)
• Fuel progress monitoring
• En-route alternate and aeroplane system status

EDTO Plotting Chart FMS Navigation Flight Plan Nav/Fuel Log

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 80

 Alternate Aerodrome Status
(Weather Minima)
EDTO Alternate Weather Minima Summary:
• Prior to Departure: EDTO dispatch planning minimums applicable
• Enroute before EEP: Aerodrome operating minimums applicable
• If an EDTO alternate falls below minimums: amend flight plan to select
another EDTO alternate, continue non-EDTO, divert or turn back
• After passing EEP: No specific weather minima requirement

Other Operational Considerations:

• Good practice to monitor EDTO alternate status throughout flight,
and update next EDTO alternate weather when passing ETP
• In case of an enroute diversion, the flight crew is not obligated
to select a designated EDTO alternate and may chose another
suitable aerodrome if determined to be a safer course of action

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 81

 Procedures to Support EDTO
Maintenance Programme
Some EDTO Maintenance Program elements have a Flight Operations interface
and may require action by the flight crew:
• APU in-flight start program
• EDTO maintenance verification flights
• EDTO flight release after a non-technical diversion

These interfaces should be addressed in the operators EDTO Flight Operations

documentation and training programs.

Note: EDTO Maintenance Program considerations for two engine aeroplanes

will be discussed further in Module 6.
05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 82
 Diversion Decision Considerations
• QRH non-normal checklists calling for ‘Land ASAP’ or ‘Land at nearest
suitable aerodrome’
• Multiple system failures, engine failure, decompression, smoke or fire…
• OEM non-normal procedures typically do not distinguish EDTO and are validated for
both EDTO and non-EDTO operations

• Required alternates unavailable or unsuitable for use (prior to EDTO entry)

• Excessive fuel consumption, exceeding available fuel reserves
• Any other situation that the flight crew determines to have an adverse effect on
safety of flight
• Most EDTO diversions are due to non-technical causes (weather, passenger medical…)
• Comply with route requirements as for non-EDTO, coordinate/communicate
with flight dispatch as required
05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 83
 OEI Diversion Strategies
Diversion speed and thrust selection are at the discretion of the flight
crew based on prevailing operational conditions.

‘Obstacle Clearance’ Strategy

• Best altitude profile for terrain clearance
• Optimum driftdown (L/D max) speed

‘Fuel’ Strategy
• Optimizes diversion fuel required
• Descent to LRC cruise ceiling and LRC cruise

‘Fixed Speed’ (EDTO) Strategy

• Minimum diversion time (at the expense of fuel and altitude)
• Driftdown and cruise at EDTO OEI Speed

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 84

 OEI Diversion Strategies
Flight crews should have access to relevant aeroplane performance data:

WP 911 FMS Engine Out Page WP 911 Performance Manual Data

Aeroplane Performance Data is addressed in EDTOM Section 3.7

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 85
 Review Question

Q5.7 Which of the following is the most appropriate

guidance for an EDTO enroute system failure

– Minimum Equipment List (MEL)

– EDTO Significant Systems List (SSL)
– Quick Reference Handbook (QRH)
– Aeroplane Flight Manual (AFM)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 86

 Module 5 - Outline

Part I Defining the EDTO Area of Operations

Part II Performing EDTO Flight Planning

Part III Conducting EDTO Flights

Part IV Documentation and Training

Part V Practical Exercise

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 87

 Typical Operations Manual Format
Annex 6, Part 1 – Appendix 2:
Organization and Content of an Operations Manual

• Part A: General
• Part B: Aircraft Operating Information
• Part C: Areas, Routes and Aerodromes
Doc 9376
• Part D: Training Preparation of an
Operations Manual

EDTO provisions may be included in this basic structure or published

in a separate stand alone EDTO flight operations manual (EFOM)

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 88

 EDTO Flight Operations Manual
EDTOM Section 3.8
Purpose:
• To provide involved personnel and EDTO authorized persons with a descriptive
means aimed at ensuring safe and efficient EDTO operations…
• Acccordingly all EDTO requirements including supportive programme policies,
procedures, duties, responsibilities and limitations should be identified…

Approval and revision control:

• The EFOM or EDTO sections of the basic FOM should be reviewed and approved
by the responsible Flight Operations Inspector (FOI) as part of the operational
approval application process.
• Major revisions to the EDTO program documentation should also be reviewed and
approved prior to operator implementation (minor revisions may be accepted).

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 89

 EDTO Flight Operations Manual
EDTO Flight Operations Manual Content Elements:

• EDTO definitions and concepts. Information on applicable

EDTO rules, operator’s EDTO program, flight preparation
etc…
• AEC specific information (e.g. Max diversion times and distances,
OEI or AEO speeds, EDTO procedures, performance data)

• Authorized operational areas, route specific information,

enroute alternate aerodromes, approved weather minimums

• EDTO training and qualification policies and procedures,

EDTO training curriculi

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 90

 EDTO Training Programme
EDTOM Section 3.9
Considerations:
• Flight Operations personnel should complete approved training on
EDTO prior to an operator receiving EDTO operational approval
• Flight crews, flight dispatchers, other operations personnel…

• EDTO training programmes should address the specific regulations, authorizations,

policies, procedures and documentation related to the particular EDTO program.
• Flight crew training programs should include the content and duration of academic training,
simulated flight demonstrations, line checks and currency requirements
• Dispatcher training programs should also address academic training considerations as well as
practical training on the specific tools and methods used for EDTO flight preparation

• Operators may employ the use of different training media and methods (e.g. CBT,
standup instruction, simulation) in their EDTO training programmes

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 91

 EDTO Training Programme
Typical Academic Training Elements:
• Familiarity with ICAO EDTO standards • EDTO Flight Planning Considerations (cont’d)
and relevant State regulations – Time limited system considerations
• EDTO Operational Program Approvals – EDTO technical status and MEL considerations
– EDTO Fleet – EDTO Flight Release and Computer Flight Plan
– Operational Area • EDTO Enroute Considerations
– EDTO Threshold, Maximum diversion – Standard Operating Procedures
times and speeds – Inflight Monitoring
• EDTO Flight Planning Considerations – Diversion Considerations
– EDTO area of operations – Non-normal and Contingency Procedures
– Alternate aerodromes for EDTO • Aeroplane Performance Data
– EDTO fuel reserves • EDTO Flight Operations Manual

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 92

 EDTO Training Programme
Typical Practical Training Elements (Flight Crews):
• Preflight briefing • En-route (non-normal)
• EDTO flight release – Contingency procedures
– Select non-normal procedures and checklists
• Cockpit preparation
– Diversion decision making
• En-route (normal)
– FMS procedures (as applicable)
– Entering EDTO Sector – En-route diversion
– En-route monitoring procedures
• Post-flight procedures
– FMS procedures (as applicable)
– Navigation and communication

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 93

 EDTO Training Programme
Recurrent Training:
• Typically conducted annually, but may vary among operators
• Frequency, duration and specific currency requirements should be defined
in the operator’s EDTO training program

• Condensed or shortened refresher academic training is normally adequate

for personnel who have maintained an active role in the EDTO program
• Repeat initial training may be appropriate for personnel who are no longer
considered current

• Practical recurrent training (e.g. EDTO LOFT) should consider student exposure
to different operational situations instead of repeating the same scenarios
• Relevent experience from actual in-service events may be considered

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 94

 EDTO Flight Operations Summary

Approval Planning Dispatch Planning Enroute Operations

• Determine approved • Determine EDTO • Monitor flight progress

diversion speed and waypoints (EEP, ETPs, within EDTO Sector
Maximum Diversion EXP)
Time (MDT)
• Enroute alternate
• EDTO alternate dispatch operating minimums
• Evaluate potential planning minimums
• Operator minimum fuel
enroute alternates
• Critical fuel requirement policy
• Establish approved
• MEL is applicable • QRH is applicable
EDTO area of operation
• Implement EDTO flight
• Approved OEI or AEO • Diversion speeds may
speed differ at PIC discretion
planning system

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 95

 Module 5 - Outline

Part I Defining the EDTO Area of Operations

Part II Performing EDTO Flight Planning

Part III Conducting EDTO Flights

Part IV Documentation and Training

Part V Practical Exercise

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 96

 Questions?

EDTO Workshop
End of Module 5 - Flight Operations Considerations

05/11/2019 ICAO EDTO Workshop – Module 5: Flight Operations Considerations 97