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Volume 17, Number 4: 1473-1481 October 2023| ISSN (P): 1829-7463 \ ISSN (E) : 2716-3083

FACTORS AFFECTING PATIENT SAFETY BY NURSES

AT HOME
SICK X IN TANJUNGPINANG

Zulfi Kurniadi1, Rachmawaty M. Noer2, Fitriany Suangga3

Nursing Science Study Program

Faculty of Health Sciences,
Awal Bros University, Batam
Email:[email protected] 1, [email protected] 2, [email protected] 3

ABSTRACT-Patient safety is a system that makes care safer, including

risk assessment, identification and management of patient risks,
reporting, incident analysis, the ability to learn from incidents and
follow up, implementing solutions to minimize risks and preventing
injuries caused by errors resulting from carrying out a action or taking
action that should be taken. This study aims to determine the factors
that influence the implementation of patient safety by nurses at
Hospital X in Tanjungpinang. The type of research used is quantitative
research with an approachcross-sectional. The population in this study
were 85 inpatient nurses at Hospital X in Tanjungpinang. The number
of samples in the research was 75 respondents according to the
criteria and techniques Total sampling. The statistical test used is
TestChi Square. The results of the study showed that there was a
relationship between nurses' knowledge (p-value=0.004), Hospital
Organization/Management (p-value
=0.030) by implementing patient safety by nurses at Hospital punish and
rewardto nurses according to their performance.

Keywords :Patient safety, Nurse Knowledge, Hospital Organization

ABSTRACT-Patient safety is a system that makes care safer, including risk

assessment, identification and management of patient risks, reporting, incident
analysis, the ability to learn from incidents and follow up, implementation of
solutions to minimize risks and prevent injuries caused by errors resulting from
carry out an action or take action that should be taken. This study aims to
determine the factors that influence the implementation of patient safety by nurses
at Hospital X in Tanjungpinang. The type of research used is quantitative research
with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were 85 inpatient
nurses at Hospital X in Tanjungpinang. The number of samples in the study was
75 respondents according to the criteria, using the total sampling technique. The
statistical test used is the Chi Square Test. The results of the research show that
there is a relationship between nurses' knowledge (p-value=0.004), Hospital
Organization/Management (p- value=0.030) and the implementation of patient

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safety by nurses at Hospital

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in Tanjungpinang. Increasing the knowledge and skills of nurses' performance

by holding training regularly and continuously, Create organizational policies by
implementing a punish and reward system for nurses according to their
performance.

Keywords: Patient safety, Nurse Knowledge, Hospital Organization

INTRODUCTION
Patient safety is a system that makes patient care better
safe, including risk assessment, identification and management of patient risks,
incident reporting and analysis, ability to learn from incidents and actions
he continued, as well as implementing solutions to minimize the emergence of risks and

prevent happen injury caused by a consequential error

carrying out an action or not taking an action that should be taken.
Therefore, it is important for hospitals and nurses to implement patient
safety standards in nursing practice.

Implementing patient safety is very important for hospitals

because the impact that will arise if the patient safety program is not
implemented can worsen the patient's illness, increase the costs
incurred and even death. Apart from that, patient safety is also a top
priority in health services and is the first critical step in improving the
quality of services and is related to the quality and image of the
hospital. Therefore, it is important for nurses and hospitals to pay
attention to and implement patient safety standards in nursing practice
in hospitals.

However, Alsostated that during this time the operational procedures were standard
(SPO) hospital patient safety has not been fully implemented. Therefore
Therefore, the author wants to explore what factors influence it
implementation of patient safety by nurses at Hospital X in Tanjungpinang.

THEORITICAL REVIEW

Several theories support the findings of this research, such as

theory patient safety, factors influencing the implementation of
standards patient safety, and nursing behavior theory. Patient safety
is regulated by
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Minister of Health Regulation 11 of 2017 concerning Patient Safety.

Patient Safety is a system that makes patient care safer, including
risk assessment, identification and management of patient risks,
incident reporting and analysis, the ability to learn from incidents and
follow up, as well as implementing solutions to minimize risks and
prevent injuries caused by errors. the consequences of carrying out
an action or not taking an action that should be taken. A patient
safety incident is any unintentional event and condition that results
in or has the potential to result in preventable injury to a patient
(Siagian, 2020).

Patient safety goals are a requirement to be established in all hospitals

accredited by the hospital accreditation commission. The preparation of this target

refers toNine Life-Saving Patient Safety SolutionsfromWHO patient safety(2018) which

is also used byJoint Commission International (JCI)(Joint Commission, 2020) and

hospital accreditation standards in Indonesia (Ministry of Health of the Republic of

Indonesia, 2022).

a. Accuracy of patient identification

b. Increased effective communication

c. Increased drug safety needs to be watched out for(High Alert)

d. Certainty of exact - location, precise - procedure, precise – surgical patient

e. Reducing the Risk of Health Care-Associated Infections

f. Reducing the Risk of Patient Falls

Factors that influence the implementation of patient safety by

nurses, namely, attitude towards patient safety is how nurses view the
hospital safety culture in patient-focused services (Kwon et al, 2019). A
positive attitude in carrying out injury prevention interventions can
improve patient safety (Unver & Yenigun, 2020). The factors that influence
nurses' attitudes towards patient safety have been identified into four
categories, namely based on nurse characteristics, physical and
psychological fatigue, knowledge gained and hospital organization
(Galleryzky, Haryati et al, 2023).

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RESEARCH METHODS

The research method used is quantitative descriptive

approachcross-sectional.The research sample was taken from nurses who worked in

X Hospital in Tanjungpinang using the techniquepurposive sampling. Data

collected through a questionnaire containing questions about factors that
influences the implementation of patient safety by nurses. Data later
analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. number of respondents
In this study there were 75 nurses who met the inclusion criteria.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This research found that there are several factors related to the
implementation of patient safety by nurses, such as knowledge, attitudes and
work environment. Apart from that, this research also found that the
implementation of patient safety by nurses at Hospital X in Tanjungpinang still
needs to be improved.

The knowledge of nurses at Hospital X in Tanjungpinang was

obtained from 75 respondents, 55 (73.3%) of whom had good knowledge.
Based on the results of research conducted by researchers, nurses
generally have good knowledge. The good knowledge possessed by
nurses greatly influences the implementation of patient safety in
providing nursing care every day. Based on the questionnaire, the
majority of respondents answered questions 1-4, 6-15, 17-19 with the
answer yes and the majority answered no to questions 5, 16 and 20 .

The research results of Biresaw et al (2020) show a positive and significant

relationship with nurses' knowledge and attitudes. The research results of

Pambudi et al (2018) based on the analysis results showed that the most dominant

factor was knowledge with (OR=17.299). The results of research by Galleryzki et al

(2023) identified four factors that influence patient safety attitudes

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categories namely nurse characteristics, physical and psychological fatigue, knowledge

gained, and organization.

Nurses who received information about patient safety during

education had 2.7 times better safety attitudes compared to nurses who
did not receive the information. Meanwhile, nurses who take part in
continuing education programs have 3.7 times better attitudes than those
who do not receive continuing education programs (Biresaw et al., 2020).
Apart from the information provided, the training regarding patient safety
received by nurses also has a positive impact on nurses' attitudes towards
patient safety compared to nurses who do not receive training (Unver &
Yenigun, 2020).

The results obtained from 75 respondents showed that the

organization/management of Hospital Based on the results of
research conducted by researchers, good hospital management greatly
influences the implementation of patient safety. Of the 11 questions
provided, the majority answered questions no. 1,3,4,8,9,10 strongly
agree, questions no. 2,5,6,11 the majority answered disagree. Where
the implementation of patient safety is one of the main indicators in
quality assessment a hospital.

The results of Latifah Yasriq's (2019) research, based on the results of

the literature, found several factors that need to be considered, one of which
is organizational influence. The research results of Galleryzki et al (2023) show
that one of the categories that greatly influences patient safety attitudes is
hospital organization. This factor can simultaneously be an obstacle or
facilitate the intention to change behavior and change the environment for
the better, including leadership, rewards, organizational structure and job
design. Nurses who work in environments with adequate resources have more
positive safety attitudes (Dorigan et al., 2020). In addition, nurses who have
satisfaction working in their agency and work value have a higher mean value
compared

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nurses who feel dissatisfied (AL Ma'mari et al., 2020; Dickens et al., 2019;
Ozer et al., 2019).

The results obtained from 75 respondents showed that the

implementation of patient safety at Hospital Based on the results of
research conducted by researchers, the majority of patient safety
implementation at Hospital x in Tanjungpinang is good. Where the
implementation of patient safety is one of the main indicators in
assessing the quality of a hospital. However, there were 4
respondents who implemented sufficient patient safety, this is
expected to be a concern for the hospital management itself.

Nurses who work in environments with adequate resources have

more positive safety attitudes (Dorigan et al, 2020). Apart from that,
nurses who are satisfied working in their agency and value their work
have a higher mean score than nurses who are dissatisfied (AL Ma'mari
et al, 2020; Dickens et al, 2019). A patient safety incident is any
unintentional event and condition that results in or has the potential to
result in preventable injury to a patient (Siagian, 2020).

CONCLUSION

Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there are several
factors related to the implementation of patient safety by nurses, such as
knowledge, attitudes and work environment. Apart from that, this research
also found that the implementation of patient safety by nurses at Hospital X
in Tanjungpinang still needs to be improved. Therefore, the author
recommends several actions to improve the implementation of patient safety
by nurses, such as increasing the knowledge and skills of nurses, improving
the work environment, and increasing supervision and monitoring of the
implementation of patient safety standards.

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