Lab 2: Projections

Lab 2: Projecting Geographic Data

What you’ll Learn: Basic methods for map projections in ArcGIS Pro.

What You’ll Produce: A map of Minnesota in three different statewide projections, a

map of reprojected Minnesota county boundaries with an inset global view, and notes
recording areas and coordinates for various projections and measurements. Your
recorded measurements will be entered into a Canvas Lab 2 Worksheet Data Entry
Worksheet.

Background: Chapter 3 of the GIS Fundamentals textbook provides the necessary

background. We introduce unavoidable distortion when we flatten the Earth’s curved
surface onto a flat map. Different map projections represent the same points with
different X and Y (or E and N) coordinate values. We cannot mix map projections in an
analysis, so we often have to re-project some of our data layers.

Note that in the instructions below we often use the terms “map projection,” “projection,”
and “coordinate system” interchangeably. A map projection is associated with a specific
coordinate system, and to project data is to convert from one coordinate system to
another.

Data: For this exercise the data is on the Lab2 shared lab drive, S:\FNRM3131 or
FNRM5131 or the class website; remember copy the lab data folder for each lab to your
W:\ for safekeeping and finally copy the entire lab folder to the Citrix Desktop for use in
ArcGIS Pro. See last week’s instructions or the Quickstart Guide on the lab page if you
don’t remember how to access them.

Observing How Distance May Change with a Map Projection

Start ArcGIS Pro, and add two Maps (see last week’s instructions if you’ve forgotten
how). Remove any default base topography and map layers that ArcGIS Pro might
have added. Name one of the Map windows Albers, and name the other Map Mercator
(Video: Rename map & set measure units)

Activate the Alber’s Layer (right click map tab along the top edge of the map view)

Add the layers twocity_Albers.shp, and USA_48_Albers.shp from the Lab2 folder.

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 Lab 2: Projections

Make sure the Map tab is selected/active.

Left click on the Measure Tool to enable it, and set the Distance Units to Miles, and
Mode to Planar.

Left-click once on Los Angeles, then move the mouse to New York and double left-click
on New York.

The distance between the two cites is displayed in a drop-down window.

Your measured distance should be approximately 2,440 miles.

Activate the Mercator Map. Add the layers twocity_Mercator.shp,

USA_48_Mercator.shp

Re-measure the distance from LA to NY. The new measurement should be

approximately 3,127 miles.

The on the “ground distance” between LA and NY is actually 2,444 miles. The
difference in measurements between the “Albers” and “Mercator” is due to unavoidable
distortion caused when we stretch measurements from the curved Earth surface to a flat
map surface. Notice that the distortion is different for different projections.

Change the Mode in the measure tool to “Geodesic” and repeat the two distance
measurements.

You should get approximately the same number. Under the Geodesic option, the
calculations approximate as close as possible the true distance measurement on the
surface of the earth. The Loxodromic and Great Elliptical options are only slightly
different than the Geodesic differences but are approximately equal to the Geodesic
distance in this application. The big difference is with the planar method, which
assumes both projections are good approximations of a Cartesian surface. You can
see, with the almost 700-mile error, that a Cartesian measurement assumption can be
substantially wrong.

Coordinates and On the Fly Projection

We want to introduce the idea of a temporary, or “on the fly” projection, something that
ArcGIS Pro often does when you add data to a Map (Video: On the fly projection).

A Map usually has a specified coordinate system. You can manually set the system, or
ArcGIS Pro can establish one automatically when you first load data. Once a coordinate
system for a Map has been specified, ArcGIS Pro will display the approximate
coordinates of the current cursor location along the bottom of the Map frame (see the
arrow below).

Create a new Map, and add the minn_count_dd data. This is a data layer of Minnesota

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 Lab 2: Projections
county boundaries in decimal degrees coordinates.

First look at the attribute table.

Right click over the layer name in the table of

contents (on the left of your window), and then left
click on the Attribute Table option in the dropdown
list:

This should display the attributes associated with

this polygon layer. Note that the table may be tiled in
with your other open windows, so you may have to
“grab” the edges with your cursor to resize the panes.

There is a “Name” item, containing the name of each county. We’ll use this to label the
counties (See the Video: Labels).

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 Lab 2: Projections

We’ll use this column to label each polygon with the county name.

Left click on the tab toward the right center of the main window, under “Feature Layer,”
“Labeling.”

This will display the labeling ribbon, as shown above. We select and style labels using
these tools.

Select “Name” in the field window at the lower left (see figure above), and then click on
the label icon at the extreme left to turn labeling on. You should see the labels appear
on your Map. Depending on the settings, they may not show up at first, and you may
have to zoom in on the Map for them to display. You can set threshold scales
above/below which labels appear, and also rules that omit overlapping labels.

You can use the tools to change the font properties, label angles, and other
characteristics.

Close the table (click on the x at the right edge of the tab), and then zoom to display the
northeast corner of Ramsey County, in the east-central portion of Minnesota (see figure
at right)

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 Lab 2: Projections

Move your cursor and

notice the coordinates
near the bottom-center of
the Map. These are
cursor coordinates, in
this case for the data
layer you first loaded to
the Map, here decimal
degrees (Video:
Coordinate Query).

Your Map may be displaying some other coordinate units, depending on if you
displayed another layer previously, or your system default preferences are different from
those we used.

To change the display coordinate units while

navigating around the map:

-right click on the Map name in the Table of Contents

at the left of the Map, then

-left click on Properties, then select General from

the displayed list (Video: Rename Map and Set
Measure Units)

This will reveal several options, including setting the

map units, and display units.

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 Lab 2: Projections

About half-way down you can set

the display units, make sure they
are set to Decimal Degrees.

Click on OK to close the window,

and verify that the units at the
base of the Map are displayed as
decimal degrees.

Zoom in and reposition the cursor

successively until you have an
accurate reading for the
coordinates of the northeast corner of Ramsey County (see the figure above).

You’ll know you’re zoomed in enough when the coordinate values don’t change or only
change in the third decimal place when you move slightly off of the displayed corner.

Record (write down) the coordinates (using meters UTM) of the northeast corner of
Ramsey County. Keep this written information, as you will have more coordinates to
look up later in this exercise.

Every data layer has a coordinate system associated with it. A Map may have a
different coordinate system. ArcGIS Pro will temporarily convert the layer coordinates to
the Map system (if it can), so that data will be displayed in the proper relative locations.
This way we can display data from several different sources, each in different
coordinate systems, together at the same time. The layer data are not changed in
storage, they are only temporarily projected “on the fly” to align correctly. Sometimes
this doesn’t work, for example, when the information on the coordinate system for a
layer is missing or corrupted, but usually everything works as planned.

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 Lab 2: Projections
You may view and set the coordinate system for a Map, to which every layer is
temporarily projected by right clicking on the Map, and then selecting Properties from
the dropdown (as you did earlier), but this time
left clicking on Coordinate System in the displayed window:

This shows the Map is set to the WGS84 GCS, or Geographic Coordinate System. All
data will be projected to this system when displayed.

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 Lab 2: Projections
We can change this (Video: Set the Map Window Projection). For example, in the
Map Properties/Coordinate Systems window select :

• Projected
coordinate system

• Continental

• North America

• NAD83(2011)
Contiguous USA
Albers

On hitting OK, the

properties window should
disappear, and the
counties change shape
and orientation a bit, from
this:

To a less flattened:

Switch the Map coordinate system back to the WGS84 (with the Map
selected, right click for Properties, then left click Coordinate systems,
Geographic coordinate system, World, WGS84)

We can view the coordinate system for a data layer (not a Map) by

• right clicking on the data

layer,

• then left click on

Properties,

• then Source

This allows us to inspect layer

properties including the
Spatial Reference, describing

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 Lab 2: Projections
the coordinate system.

Left click on the Spatial Reference option, and view the spatial reference information, in
a window similar to the figure below. This shows the characteristics of the layer’s
coordinate system. This is a geographic coordinate system (latitudes/longitudes), and
the data show the particular properties

Add the USA_48_Mercator to the same Map. Position the layers so the Minnesota
county data are on top (click and drag up/down layers).

Open the Properties – Source tab for this data layer, and it should display something
like the window on the next page.

Note it displays more information than the GCS WGS84 for the minn_count_dd layer,
above. The Mercator layer has both a projection, here a World Mercator, and an
underlying GCS. As noted in the readings, projected coordinate systems have both
parts, and underlying GCS and then a projection, while geographic systems have only a
GCS, but are not projected.

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 Lab 2: Projections

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 Lab 2: Projections
Zoom to the full extent of the USA_48_Mercator, you should have something like the
image below:

Note that although the different data sets are in different projections, they line up on top
of each other. Why?

The layers line up because ArcGIS Pro is doing an “on the fly” projection, as described
earlier.

Now set the Map coordinate

system to that of the
USA_48_Mercator layer. Do this
with through
• a left click on the Map in
the TOC, then
• select Properties,
• Coordinate System, then
• Layers,
• World Mercator

You’ll notice ArcGIS Pro puts the

coordinate systems for all layers
in a Map in a list at the top of the
Map Properties window, for easy
selection.

Notice after you click OK, the

layers change shape slightly, as
they are temporarily reprojected

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 Lab 2: Projections
to this new coordinate system.

This can be quite confusing at first, but you need make sure you understand this
concept of a Map coordinate system, with temporary reprojection, and a data
layer coordinate system– the coordinate system the data are stored in. If you
understand this difference, you will likely save yourself much confusion and
grief.

Why is this important? Some operations won’t work correctly if data layers are in
different coordinate systems, for example some editing, overlays, or distance
measurements. You may think they are in the same system if you display them
together, but your geo-calculations may be wrong. Sometimes you will be confused in
interpreting data, or mis-identify the coordinates because data are re-projected
temporarily for display. If you have any questions about the coordinate system of a
layer, look at the layer properties, as shown above.

Let’s explore this further, by

changing the Map coordinate
system via the Map
Properties window:

Click on the
• Projected Coordinate
Systems, then
• Continental, then
• North America, then the
• NAD83 Contiguous USA
Albers, then
• O.K.

This is a common projection

for the lower 48 U.S. states.

Zoom to full layer, and notice it changes the shape of

the US and Minnesota data, to look something like:

Notice the curve on the western half of the northern

border, compared to previous views.

The data on disk have not been changed, they’ve just

been temporarily reprojected to this specific Albers
coordinate system.

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 Lab 2: Projections

Change the Map coordinate system again, this

time selecting Projected Coordinate Systems
→ UTM → NAD → NAD83 UTM Zone 12 N

Zoom to full extent, and display the data, noting

the change in the projection, as at right.

Finally, switch the Map coordinate system again,

this time back to the Geographic Coordinate
Systems → North America->USA and
territories → NAD83

Note the change in shape. We haven’t

changed the projection of the data on the
disk, we’ve just told ArcGIS Pro to project on
the fly, to a new system, before display.

It is generally o.k. to mix data from several

coordinate systems in a Map. However, you
should be careful when performing
operations that alter or create new
coordinates, because there could be some
ambiguity in which coordinate system ArcGIS Pro will choose to use. It is best to either
run a small test to verify the specific ArcGIS tool, or to convert all the data to a common
coordinate system permanently, saving to new layers (we’ll show how to do this later in
the lab), so that all your data are in the same coordinate system before manipulating x-y
values.

You should also be careful when performing area calculations with mixed data sets,
because it is easy to become confused about the units of the outputs.

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 Lab 2: Projections
Creating an Inset Map
We can use this temporary projection to create an inset map in a different coordinate
system. You created an inset map last week, but both the main and thumbnail maps
had the same coordinate system. This time we’ll different coordinate systems for the
inset and main map.

First, if you haven’t saved and closed your

last project, do so now, and create a new
ArcGIS Pro project by clicking on the upper-
leftmost icon for the main window:

After the Map opens, remove any default layers that

might be loaded.

Open the Map Properties

window, note that the Current
XY coordinate system is set to
WGS 1984 Web Mercator.

We can change the defaults.

You don’t need to, but if you’re
curious, left click on the Project
tab in the main window, then
Options about half way down,
then Maps and Scenes. You
can set a default basemap,
coordinate system, and affect the behavior of added layers.

Note that if the first layer we load has a different coordinate system than the default,
ArcGIS Pro will change the coordinate system for the layer to the Map, but only for the
first layer. To reiterate, loading a data layer into a new Map sets the Map coordinate
system to that of the layer; all subsequent layers will be projected, if possible, on-the-fly
to this original system while being displayed.

To illustrate, Add the

minn_county.shp layer to the
empty Map. Verify via Map
Properties that the Map
coordinate system has now
been changed to
NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_15N.

Adding layers with different

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 Lab 2: Projections
coordinate systems after this first one will not change the Map coordinate system
automatically.

Rename this first Map “Minnesota Counties.”

Now, insert a new Map, and name it “Earth From Space.”

Again, verify that the Map has the WGS Mercator coordinate system

Now change the coordinate system for the Map manually:

Open the Map properties, and set the Coordinate System for the Map to:
Projected Coordinate Systems → World → The World from Space

Add three data layers to this new Map:

• Countries (boundaries of the World’s countries in 1990, in geographic

coordinates)

• minn_county (Minnesota counties, in UTM Zone 15N coordinates), and

• graticule15 (lines of constant latitude and longitude, at 15-degree intervals)

Re-arrange the layers so the graticule is on top in the TOC,

then the minn_count layer second, with the Countries layer
at the bottom. Symbolize the minn_count layer so it is a
solid bright color, and Countries polygons so they are a
light or pastel, and the graticule as a thin black line, so that
you have something like the figure at right.

Rename the Map something like “Space View” (right click

on the map in the Catalog on right (not Table of Contents,
on left), and select rename; see earlier instructions, if
unsure).

Now switch to the Map, “Minnesota Counties”.

Zoom to the data layer full extent so that all of the data are visible in your Minnesota
Counties Map, then switch to the Space View Map, and also zoom to full extent.

Create a layout view (see last week’s lab). Notice there are boxes for each frame. They
may overlap, so you may have to click one and hold to drag aside. Move and resize the
boxes, perhaps also going back to the data view and panning/zooming, so that the
Minnesota State box is larger, and the US/Minnesota combined data are about 1/6 th the
size, as in many inset maps (see figure below).

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 Lab 2: Projections

You may have to change the scale, particularly

for the globe inset, use the scale box on an
active map as described in last week’s lab.

You have two different Maps in this common

map design, with a small inset showing general
location in one coordinate system, and a larger
panel in a different coordinate system showing
detail for the highlighted portion of the inset.

Note that each panel has a bounding box or

frame around it in the layout view. The larger
bounding box interferes with the inset

You can remove this bounding box by:

• right clicking on the box, opening a map

formatting option panel on the right side of
your main window:

• left click on the paintbrush icon, and

• modify the border symbol to make it

colorless

Add a North arrow, caption, your name, a

legend, and descriptive title, and export/print
a PDF, as instructed last week.

See an example below of the map you should produce. Although you need not exactly
match the colors and positions, make sure to include a proportioned main map and
inset, a descriptive title, your name, a north arrow, and scale bar.

A final point about on-the fly-projections. You may obtain data that has been projected
to a coordinate system, but for which the identity of the coordinate system has been
lost. This is most common with shapefiles, where the coordinate system information is
stored in a .prj file, e.g., minn_county.prj. If the file is lost, damaged, mis-specified, or
not copied with the rest of the shape files, then the ArcGIS Pro program can’t identify
the layer’s coordinate system. If you know the coordinate system for a file, you can add
the prj file back or fix it for a geodatabase through a tool we’ll describe in the next
section.

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 Lab 2: Projections

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 Lab 2: Projections
Projecting Data to a New File – The Project Tool
The above section describes on the fly projection, which changes coordinate values
temporarily so they may be viewed together. However, we often want to permanently
project a data set from one coordinate system to another, creating a new data set in a
different projected coordinate system.

We accomplish this in ArcGIS with the Project tool. Each time we apply the Project tool,
we identify the source data set, the output data set, and the output projection. Most
source data sets have a coordinate system associated with them. The Project tool reads
this coordinate system to determine the input. We then specify the output, including the
datum transformation, if needed, and save the new file to a target location.

There is another tool, the Define Projection tool, which is much more rarely used. The
Define Projection tool changes information within a layer about the name of the
projection. It doesn’t change any coordinates. You ONLY use the Define Projection tool
when you know the projection name for a layer is missing or incorrectly recorded.

The toolbox is shown at the right, but don’t look for it or try to use it now, we’ll describe
how in the next section of this lab.

We include it here to emphasize that

these two tools that are often
confused. You only use the Define
Projection tool when you have a
projected data layer, you know what
the projection identity is, but that
projection identity has been
corrupted or erased from the layer.

If you don’t know a layer’s projection,

you need to either 1) identify it
unambiguously by matching
coordinates or overlaying with other data, or 2) discard the data, because it isn’t very
useful without knowledge of the projected coordinate system.

The Define Projection tool is often confused with the Project tool, listed just below
Define Projection in the figure above). The Project tool is more commonly used, and
converts a layer from one coordinate system to another. It reads the information in a
layer about its coordinate system, and then re-projects the data to another known
coordinate system, and modifies the information in the layer. DON’T USE THE DEFINE
PROJECTION TOOL WHEN YOU SHOULD USE THE PROJECT TOOL. Sorry for the
all caps shouting, but this is a very common mistake in the remainder of this exercise,
and worse, in practice. You can easily ruin data and not know it by mis-applying the
Define Projection tool. It’s too bad ESRI named them as they did, as this often confuses
the new or occasional user, but such is life.

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 Lab 2: Projections

(Video: Project).

Save your previous work and close any open projects. Open a new one, insert three
new empty Maps; remove any default layers that might be loaded.

Name the Maps Albers, UTM, and Mercator

• Left click on the Analysis Tab along the top margin, then
• click on the Tools toolbox, the little red toolbox along the icon ribbon, then
• click on Toolboxes, the middle label in the right-side column (see arrows, below).

This should display a list of available tools along the right side of your window, as
shown.

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 Lab 2: Projections
To project data, click on

Data Management
Tools

then

Projections and
Transformations

then

Project

The Project tool converts data from

one coordinate system to another, saving
the projected data to a new file.

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 Lab 2: Projections
Detailed instructions for specific projection examples are provided a bit further on in this
document, but the general process is to start the Project tool, and then:

• Select a data layer containing the features you want to convert to a new
coordinate system
• Specify an output location and name for a new data layer
• Specify the output projection, and if need be, a datum transformation (Arc calls it
a Geographic Transformation, the same thing as the datum transformation
described in the textbook
• Apply the projection

Remember, ArcGIS shapefiles store information about the projection in a .prj file. For
example, a layer named minn_county_dd may have projection information stored in the
file minn_county_dd.prj. Without a .prj, ArcGIS Pro is ignorant of the projection system,
so you may have to specify the input as well as output projections in the general steps
above.

Using the Project Tool

This section will step you through the projection screens. You will have to use these
steps several more times in this Lab (Video: Project). In later iterations, refer back
to this sequence.

We assume you have three empty Maps in the same project, one named Albers, one
UTM, and one named Mercator. If not, create them now. Make the Albers Map active.

Double click on the Project Tool in the ArcToolbox, located as shown in

the previous figure.

This should open a Geoprocessing tab and

menu in the right-most column of the main
ArcGIS Pro window:

This allows you to specify the input and output

files, the Output coordinate system, and if
needed, a Geographic Transformation (more
commonly called a Datum Transformation).

Click on the folders to the right of the input and

output data set windows to specify the input
and output files.

Use the mn_count_dd.shp as the input.

Name the output MN_Count_Alb, and place it

in the Desktop\Lab2 with your input data and
project.

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 Lab 2: Projections

Next, specify the output coordinate

system by clicking on the globe to the
right of the entry row in the
Geoprocessing window:

This should open a window in

which you specify the target
cooridinate system. The
window looks quite like the
one used to specify a Map
coordinate system:

You use the carets to drop

down lists, until you eventually
select a specific output
projection.

The Geographic caret

accesses all geographic
coordinate systems (GCS),
meaning you would project to
a lat/lon, spherical system.

The Projected caret accesses

common Cartesian
projections.

Left click on Projected coordinate

system

then Continental

then North American

Then NAD 1983 Contiguous USA

Albers

then

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 Lab 2: Projections
OK at the bottom of the window.

This should automatically choose the

appropriate Geographic
Transformation, WGS84(ITRF00)
_To_NAD_1983:

Click on the Run button in the lower

right corner of the Geogprocessing
column:

After a bit of processing, a message

should show across the bottom of
the Geoprocessing column indicating
successful completion, and the
projected data
should be placed
in your active map
window (that you
named Albers): If
the projected layer does
not show up, add it using
the Map ribbon Menu
and select Add Data or
from the Catalog Panel.

Inspect the
coordinate system
for the
MN_Count_Alb
data layer you
just created,
remember, by
first right clicking
on the name in the
TOC, then
• Properties,
• Source,
• Spatial
Reference

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 Lab 2: Projections

This should display the spatial reference information for the layer, showing NAD 1983
Contiguous USA Albers as the projected coordinate system:

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 Lab 2: Projections
Project to a UTM Coordinate System
Activate Map you name UTM,

Use the Project tool again, with

- input as the minn_county_dd data

- a new output data set, named UTM15_minncounty,

- an output coordinate system via

• Projected Coordinate Systems, then

• UTM, then
• NAD83, then
• NAD83 UTM Zone 15N

Click on OK to apply the projection, which should load the data to your Map named
UTM Zone 15N.

Again, verify that you have the correct output by inspecting the information on the layer.

Project to a Mercator Coordinate System

Activate your last Map, that you named Mercator

Use the Project tool in ArcToolbox one more time, with

- input once again as the minn_county_dd data

- a new output data set, named MN_county_Mercator,

• Projected Coordinate Systems, then

• World, then
• Mercator (world)

Again, verify the projection on the output data layer after it displays in your Mercator
map.

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 Lab 2: Projections

Now you should have three different Maps, with three different versions of the
Minnesota counties – an Albers, a UTM, and a Mercator.

Notice the shapes are different, not so much between the Albers and UTM, but
noticeably so for the Mercator relative to the other two.

Activate the measure tool,

Set the mode to distance units to kilometers, and the Mode to Planar

Measure Distances from the

northeastern-most point of
Minnesota to the southwester
most point for each of your three
projections.

Do this as carefully as you can, it

pays to expand the Map window
to as large as will fit on your
screen.

Write down the distances,

perhaps on the lab 2 worksheet at
the back of this lab, to be entered
for online grading later.

Also, record the coordinates for

the northeast corner of Ramsey
County for all three coordinate
systems, as you did for the
decimal degrees example at the
start of this lab but this time USE
METERS for the units.
Remember to zoom way in on the northeast corner of the county to get the most
accurate coordinates: 1:10 at least. Write the coordinates down for the Albers, UTM,
and custom Mercator projection layers. When you submit your two PDF’s for the Lab
into Canvas, also use the Lab 2 Worksheet Data Entry “quiz” to enter your handwritten
recorded coordinates and distances.

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 Lab 2: Projections
Create a map with all three Minnesota projections
We wish to create a map with all three projections:

For a fair comparison, we’ll need to set a fixed scale for each of the Maps.
(Video: SetLayoutScale)

First, Select the Insert tab, then select New Layout, then select the ANSI-Landscape
Letter mode

Drag each of the Map boxes from the Catalog column (you may have to first select the
Catalog tab at the lower part of the right column), and arrange them to be side by side
and about the same size. You may want to change the colors of the layers in each data
view for easy identification, you do this by activating the respective maps, and changing
the layer color in the TOC.

First click on the layout if it isn’t activated, then a Map, then Display Options, and type in
the desired scale (see figure below).

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 Lab 2: Projections

Third, click on
The Display
Options Icon to
activate it

First click on
the Layout tab
to activate it

Second click on
a displayed map
to select it, a
margin should
appear around it

Fourth, type in the scale,

e.g., 10000000 to set a scale
of 1:10,000,000;If this box is
not present, use the scale
box at the bottom/center left
of your main screen

Set the scale for each Make each the same scale, something near 1:10,000,000 or so.
Note you should not type in the 1: or the commas into the window, we show them here
for clarity.

Make sure you choose the same fixed scale for each Map.

Note the default is a border around each Map in the layout view, and the map looks
better if you remove them, as shown before (click on Map in Layout, then on the Format
Map Frame tab, click on the paintbrush icon and modify the border).

Add a name, North Arrow, title, and scalebar, and individual titles for each Map (see
example). Note that you don’t need to add a legend but if you want a legend add one
from either of the three layers, make the description generic, such as “Minnesota
Counties” and make the three maps “hollow”, that is without colors.

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 Lab 2: Projections
Below is a sample of the notes you will take during this lab, writing down distances and
coordinates that you will record on the Canvas Lab 2 Worksheet Data Entry “quiz”

Distance across Minnesota, from northeast to southwest, in kilometers:

Albers:

UTM Zone 15N:

Custom Mercator:

Coordinates of northeast corner of Ramsey County:

Projection x-coordinate y-coordinate

Albers
(Meters)

UTM Zone 15
(Meters)

Custom Mercator
(Meters)

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