GIS Practical Assignment 2

UNIVERSITY OF DODOMA
COLLEGE OF EARTH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

CLASS; GEOINFORMATICS AND GEOLOGY (GI 2103)
PRACTICAL GROUP ASSIGNMENT 2
DEADLINE; 27th January 2023 (10;00 am)
1. GEOREFERENCING AND MAP DIGITIZATION

ASSIGNMENT DESCRIPTION
Keep in mind the scanned paper-based maps and images normally do not contain spatial reference
information. In order to use these data sources, you will often need to align or georeference them
to a certain coordinate system.
Geographic Coordinate System; A Geographic Coordinate System (GCS) is a global or spherical
co-ordinate system. In a geographic coordinate system, locations are identified by latitude
longitude coordinates on an ellipsoid or sphere.
Projected coordinate system; A projected coordinate system is based on a map projection such
as transverse Mercator, UTM, Albers equal area, or Robinson. In a projected coordinate system,
locations are identified by x-y coordinates on a grid. A projected coordinate system is always based
on a geographic coordinate system.
Control points (tie points); Control points are locations that can be accurately identified on the
dataset you want to project and in real-world coordinates either by coordinates given the paper
map or points in other correctly geo-referenced digital data.
RMSE; Root mean square error is a measure for the locational accuracy of your data.
GIVEN DATA
 Hanang map 1966.jpg
STEPS
 Start ArcMap
 Add data (Hanang map 1966.jpg) from your local disk by clicking this icon.
 Open the georeferencing toolbar (Customize -> Toolbars -> Georeferencing)
 In the Georeferencing toolbar, click Georeferencing and check if the Auto-Adjust is turned
on. If Auto Adjust is active, the raster image will be automatically transformed.
Hanang map 1966

 Zoom in to the first corner point of the map (1) and click the Add Control Points button.
Then click the map corner.
4 3
1 2
Hanang map 1966

 Right click and select Input X and Y and enter the map coordinates of the corner point by
following the sequence on the figure above. Click OK.
Control Points X-coordinate (m) Y-coordinate (m)

Corner point 1 9500000 720000
Corner point 2 9500000 780000
Corner point 3 9560000 780000
Corner point 4 9560000 720000
 Fit the map to the screen (right-click the map and select zoom to layer).
 Repeat the previous steps for the remaining 3 map corner points (2, 3 and 4).
 Choose update georeferencing (> Georeferencing > Update Georeferencing) to update
the spatial reference information of the data file.
In case you made a mistake, open the Link Table to delete a corner point
Define projection
 In the ArcToolbox window, double-click the Data Management Tools -> Projections
and Transformations. Open the Define projection tool.
 Click to define coordinate system > Projected coordinate systems > UTM zone 36S.
 Click OK to finish operation
Hanang map 1966
UTM zone 36S
 When it finishes the operation, right-click the data frame properties > General change
map and display units to meters.
2. MAP DIGITIZATION
This exercise is designed to make you familiar with the process of adding new features to a feature
class by way of manual on-screen digitizing in ArcGIS. Please keep in mind that digitizing and
editing features in a map is a complicated and extensive process. But this exercise supporting
document describe and illustrate only some of the most elementary, but important aspects.
Therefore, you are required to digitize points, lines and polygons features on the provided scanned
map.
Digitize polygon features (all minerals, lakes etc.), linear features (rivers, roads, railways etc.) and
point features (mansions, villages, springs, waterholes, wells, boreholes etc.). Refer to the legend
of the map.
Make sure you stick your digitization on your specified area (check the diagram below).
Group 1, 3 (GI Group 2, 4, 6

& geology) (GI & geology)
Group 5, 7 (GI Group 8 and carry

& geology) over students (GI &
geology)
STEPS
 Start ARCGIS program
 Add the scanned map (Hanang map 1966.jpg) you have just georeferenced on previous
exercise.
 First, you need to enable the Editor toolbar (Customize -> Toolbars -> Editor).
 Go to ArcCatalog window, locate the folder that you saved all your data. Right click and
select new > shapefile a new window will open (like the figure below).
 Click Edit to define coordinate system of your shapefiles. It should be the same coordinate
system as the map layer. Go to Projected coordinate systems > UTM zone 36S.
 For point features write the shapefile name as defined on the legend (feature type = point),
for linear features (feature type = polyline) and polygons features (feature type = polygon).
Name for each feature you want to digitize refer to the legend of the map.
 Go to editor and click start editing, the edit tool will be activated and feature dataset you
have just created will open on create feature window ready to save the data.
wells
 Digitize point features once you are done you can proceed to digitize linear features and
lastly polygons features.
 When you are ready, click the Editor button -> Save Edits.
 When you want to exit the editing session, click the Editor button -> Stop Editing.
If you stop editing and quit the editing session before saving your changes, all your work will
be lost, and you need to start over again.
3. DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION IN GIS

Now you are required to add a marginal information or cosmetics on your map such as legend,
north arrows, scale bar, grids, title etc.
DATA TO BE USED
 All feature classes you digitized on your previous exercise.
STEPS
 Start GIS software
 Upload your data (all feature classes) on GIS interface by clicking Add data and
navigate to your local disk where you saved them.
Your uploaded data is in Data view in order to add marginal information on your map you
need to change the present view to layout view
 On the lower left part of the displayed map click layout view icon (like the figure below)
 Once the layout view has been activated start adding marginal information by clicking
insert on your tool bar > legend > next > next until you find finish button
 Add all other marginal information i.e., north arrow, scale bar and the title of the map
(GEOLOGICAL MAP OF HANANG).
 To add grids, go to View > Data frame properties > Grids > New Grid > Select
Measured Grid > Select Labels only (Appearance) > Uncheck minor division ticks >
Finish > Apply OK
If the grids are too small select the grids, then right click select properties > properties >
click labels and select size from drop down box
 Finally, I expect you to have something like the diagram below (NOT EXACTLY THE
SAME BECAUSE THIS MAP IS A SATELLITE IMAGE!!!!)
 To print the map into pdf, go to file > Export map > Resolution = 400 dpi > write name
of your map (write your group name e.g., group1_analysed) > OK
Required to submit
A short description of your work along with;
1. Georeferenced map of Hanang
2. A map in pdf file showing your digitized output with marginal information.

GIS Practical Assignment 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

GIS Practical Assignment 2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

GIS Practical Assignment 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

UNIVERSITY OF DODOMA

COLLEGE OF EARTH SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

1. GEOREFERENCING AND MAP DIGITIZATION

Hanang map 1966

Hanang map 1966

Control Points X-coordinate (m) Y-coordinate (m)

Hanang map 1966

UTM zone 36S

Group 1, 3 (GI Group 2, 4, 6

Group 5, 7 (GI Group 8 and carry

3. DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION IN GIS

You might also like