مكثف

‫اﻟﺨﻴﺎر اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‬
‫ا‬ ‫ﻣﻜــــﺜـــــﻒ‬
‫ﺳﺘﻤﺮ‬
‫اﻷوراق اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬
‫ب‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣ‬
‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻋﻤﺎد اﺑﻮ اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬

‫‪٠٧٨٥٩١٥٥٦٨‬‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻌﺔ اﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ اﻧﺲ اﻟﺒﻠﻮي‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ اﻻﻣﺘﺤﺎن اﻟﻮزاري‬
‫‪٠٧٨٩٠٧٧٦٨٦‬‬
‫اﺳﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻠﻬﺎ ﺳﻨﮥ وﺑﺘﻌﺪي‬

‫ﺗﺴﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﻤﻦ ﻳﺪرس ﻫﺬه اﻻوراق ﺑﺪﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺣﻠﻤﮏ ﺑﺴﺘﺎﻫﻞ‬
‫إﻋﺪاد‬
‫‪Joacademy‬‬
‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻋﻤﺎد اﺑﻮ اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬
‫و اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ اﻧﺲ اﻟﺒﻠﻮي‬
‫اﻟﺨﻴﺎر اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‬
‫اﻟﺨﻴﺎر اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‬ ‫ﻭ‬
Colour idioms Meaning Arabic

see red become angry . ( feeling = anger ) ‫ﯾﻐﻀﺐ‬
feel a bit blue become sad ( feeling = sadness ) ‫ﯾﺸﻌﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﺑﺔ واﻟﺤﺰن‬
the green light permission ‫ ﯾﺎذن‬/ ‫ﯾﺴﻤﺢ‬
red-handed in the act of doing something wrong ‫ﻣﺘﻠﺒﺲ ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺮﯾﻤﺔ – ﯾﻔﻌﻞ ﺷﯿﺊ ﺧﻄﺄ‬
out of the blue unexpectedly 2024 ‫ﻓﺠﺄة‬
a white elephant a useless possession ‫ﻣﻠﻜﯿﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺠﺪﯾﺔ – ﻣﻜﻠﻒ ﺑﺪون ﻓﺎﺋﺪة‬
Complete the following sentences with the correct phrase :

1. Have you heard the good news ? We've ------------------------------------------- to go ahead with our project !
2. Luckily, the police arrived and the thief was caught ------------------------------------------------ .
3. I was shocked when I heard the news. It came completely -----------------------------------------.
4. Nobody goes to the new private sports club. The building is a -------------------------------------.
5. It's normal to ----------------------------------------------------- from time to time .
6. When you ------------------------------------------ , your blood pressure is raised.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Body idioms Meaning Arabic

get it off your chest to tell someone about something that has been worrying you ‫ﯾﻔﺮغ –ﯾﺸﻜﻲ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻣﺎ‬
get cold feet to lose your confidence in something at the last minute ‫ﺗﻔﻘﺪ اﻟﺜﻘﺔ ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻚ اﺧﺮ ﻟﺤﻈﺔ‬
play it by ear To decide how to deal with a situation as it develops ‫ﺗﻘﺮر ﻛﯿﻔﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺎت‬
keep your chin up to remain cheerful in difficult situations; an expression of encouragement
‫ﯾﺒﻘﻰ ﻣﺮح وﻗﺖ اﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺎت‬
have a head for figures to have a natural mental ability for Maths / numbers ‫ان ﯾﻜﻮن ﻟﻚ ﻋﻘﻞ رﯾﺎﺿﻲ‬
put my back into it tried extremely hard ; put a lot of effort into something ‫ﯾﺤﺎول ﺑﻜﻞ ﺟﮭﺪه‬
1. I'm too nervous to do a parachute jump. I think that I'll ---------------------------------- at the last moment.
2. If you've got a problem, talk to someone about it. It helps to ------------------------------------------------- .
3. I don't think I would be a very good accountant. I don't really ------------------------------------------------.
4. -----------------------------------------------------------! I'm sure everything will be fine in the end. ( 2020 )
5. I'm not sure if it'll be warm enough to have a barbecue. We'll have to -------------------------------------.
6.I improved my Arabic-speaking skills . I really ----------------------------------------- .
Answers : get cold feet - get it off your chest - have a head for figures - keep your chin up - play it by ear - keep your chin up
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Majed is too nervous to do a parachute jump. I think he will lose his confidence at the last minute. 2016
Replace the underlined phrases with the correct body idiom. ----------------------------------------------------------
2. I was shocked when I heard the news. It came completely out of the blue.
What does the underlined colour idiom out of the blue mean ? ------------------------------------------------------
3. Luckily, the police arrived and the thief was caught the green light . 2018
Replace the underlined colour- idiom with the correct one. ----------------------------------------------------
4. It's normal to feel a bit blue from time to time . 2017
What feeling does the underlined phrase express ? ----------------------------------------------------
5. I was shocked when I heard the news. It came completely out of the blue . 2020
The underlined colour-idiom in the sentence above means :
a. unexpectedly b. angry c. permission d. a useless possession
1
Collocations Arabic Collocations Arabic Collocations Arabic Collocations Arabic
catch attention ‫ﯾﺠﻠﺐ اﻻﻧﺘﺒﺎه‬ spend time ‫ﯾﻤﻀﻲ اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ public transport ‫اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻼت اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ carbon footprint ‫أﺛﺎر اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن‬
get an idea ‫ﯾﻠﺘﻘﻂ ﻓﻜﺮة‬ attend a course ‫ﯾﺤﻀﺮ دورة‬ urban planning ‫اﻟﺘﺨﻄﯿﻂ اﻟﻌﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ biological waste ‫اﻟﻨﻔﺎﯾﺎت اﻟﺒﯿﻮﻟﻮﺟﯿﺔ‬
take an interest ‫ﯾﮭﺘﻢ ﺑﺸﺨﺺ او ﺷﻲء‬ side effects ‫اﻋﺮاض ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯿﺔ‬ economic growth ‫اﻟﻨﻤﻮ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬ negative effects ‫اﻻﺛﺎر اﻟﺴﻠﺒﯿﺔ‬
1
( attend - catch - carbon footprint - urban planning )

1. Brilliant students always ----------------------------- their teachers' attention with their remarkable answers.
2. Fatima plans to ------------------------------ several courses on prosthetic with specialized people.
3. Replace the underlined misused verb with the appropriate collocation : ‫اھﺘﻤﺎم ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ واﻻﻣﻼء واﻟﺘﺒﺪﯾﻞ‬
I like to attend time learning foreign languages . ------------------------ 2018
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Collocations meaning - Arabic Collocations ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ Arabic

draw up a timetable write a schedule ‫ﯾﺼﻤﻢ ﺟﺪول‬ take a break relax ‫ﯾﺮﺗﺎح‬
do exercise keep fit ‫ﯾﺘﻤﺮن‬ make a start begin ‫ﯾﺒﺪأ‬
do a subject study ‫ﯾﺪرس‬ make a difference change something ‫ﯾﻐﯿﺮ ﺷﻲء‬
1. If you want to lose weight, you should ----------------------------------------- everyday.

2. The deadline is tomorrow, and you haven't done everything yet. You really must --------------------------- .
3. If you send money to charity, you will ------------------------------------ to a lot of lives.
4. You look tired. Why don't you -------------------------------------------- ?
5. I need to organize my time better. I think I'll ------------------------------------------.
7. If you send money to a charity, you will do exercise to a lot of lives. (2018)
Replace the underlined misused collocation in the following sentence with the correct one :
________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Collocations Arabic Collocations Arabic ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻌﺔ‬

make - a mistake ‫ﯾﺮﺗﻜﺐ ﺧﻄﺄ‬ join - a company ‫ﯾﻨﻀﻢ اﻟﻰ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬
ask - questions ‫ﯾﺴﺄل اﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬ cause - offence ‫ﯾﺴﺒﺐ اﺳﺎءة‬
shake - hands ‫ﯾﺼﺎﻓﺢ‬ make - small talk ‫ﯾﻌﻤﻞ ﺣﺪﯾﺚ ﻗﺼﯿﺮ‬
earn - respect ‫ﯾﻜﺴﺐ اﻻﺣﺘﺮام‬ (take a course) ( drop a course) (get a job)
Complete the collocations with the verbs in the box.

1. Be very careful when you answer the questions, and try not to --------------------------------. (2020)
2. If you are polite, you won’t -------------------------------------- or upset anybody.
3. Before the serious discussion starts, we always -------------------------------------- ; it’s often about the weather!
4. Nasser has applied to ------------------------------ the------------------------------- where his father works.
5. In business, when you meet someone for the first time, it’s polite to-------------------------------------.
6. After the talk, there will be a chance for you to----------------------------------- about anything you don’t understand.
7. By working hard, you will----------------------------- the -------------------------------of your boss.
8. Be very careful when you answer the questions, and try not to shake hands. -----------------------------------
Replace the underlined misused collocation with the correct one.
________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Phrases Phrases Phrases Phrases

know about ‫ﯾﻌﺮف ﻋﻦ‬ give out ( ‫ﯾﻌﻄﻲ ) ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ wake up ‫ﯾﺴﺘﯿﻘﻆ‬ look around ‫ﯾﻠﻘﻲ ﻧﻈﺮة‬
connect with ‫ﯾﺘﻮاﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ‬ fill in ( ‫ﯾﻌﺒﺊ ) ﻧﻤﻮذج‬ take place ‫ﯾﺤﺪث‬ meet up ‫ﯾﻠﺘﻘﻲ‬
turn on ‫ﯾﺸﻐﻞ‬ cope with = deal with ‫ﯾﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ‬ settle down ‫ﯾﺴﺘﻘﺮ‬ get started ‫ﯾﺒﺪأ‬
1. To know ------------------- dangerous of the internet. 4. To give ----------------------- personal information.

2. To connect ------------------- people on the internet. 5. To fill ------------------------ a form.
3. To turn ----------------------- privacy settings.
2
wake up – take place – settle down – look around – meet up – get started
1 . Tell me about the novel you’re reading. Where does the story -------------------------------------- ?
2. I’m sorry I’m late. I didn’t ----------------------------------- early enough.
3. When I graduate from university, I would like to buy a house and ----------------------------------.
2
4. If you’re free at the weekend, let’s ------------------------------ and go shopping together.

5. I’ve never visited that museum. I’d like to go in and --------------------------------- .
6. I’ve got a lot of homework, so I think I should ---------------------------------- right now!
________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Phrase Different Meanings

share ideas ‫ ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺔ اﻓﻜﺎر‬give your ideas to others What is the difference between ……. ?
compare ideas ‫ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ اﻓﻜﺎر‬show differences or similarities between ideas 2017
create a website ‫اﻧﺸﺎء ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ to construct a website that doesn’t exist . ( make a new website )
contribute to a website ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‬ offer your writing or work to a website
research information ‫ﺑﺤﺚ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ To use a variety of sources to find the information you need.
present information ‫ﻋﺮض ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ give the results of your research in a presentation
monitor what is happening ‫ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻣﺎ ﯾﺤﺪث‬ you know what is happening and you are following the developments
find out what is happening ‫اﻛﺘﺸﺎف ﻣﺎ ﯾﺤﺪث‬ You don’t know what is happening and you want to discover it .
give a talk to people ‫اﻋﻄﺎء ﻣﺤﺎﺿﺮة‬ You have prepared a speech and you are giving this speech to a group of people
talk to people ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪث ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﺎس‬ an informal discussion
show photos ‫ﻋﺮض ﺻﻮر‬ You show people photos that you have
send photos ‫ارﺳﺎل ﺻﻮر‬ You send photos to someone over the internet by post
1. Students can -------------------------- to a website of their school . 2020

a. share b. compare c. contribute d. create
_______________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Arabic Arabic
work as ‫ﯾﻌﻤﻞ ك‬ ask about ‫ﯾﺴﺎل ﻋﻦ‬
decide on ‫ﯾﻘﺮر‬ good at ‫ﺟﯿﺪ ﻓﻲ‬
translate into ‫ﯾﺘﺮﺟﻢ اﻟﻰ‬ talk about ‫ﯾﺘﺤﺪث ﻋﻦ‬
Complete the sentences from the box.

( about - as - at - in - into - on - about )
1. Would you like to work ---------------------- a teacher in a big school?
2. We need to decide -----------------------a place to meet. ( as - on - at - into ) 2018
3. Can you translate this Arabic ----------------------- English for me, please?
4. I’d like to talk ----------------------------- the film I’ve just seen; it was brilliant!
5. The teacher asked us ------------------------our favourite books.
6. My sister is really good ----------------- drawing and painting . ( as - on - at - into ) 2019
_______________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Rhetorical Devices
metaphor ‫اﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎرة‬ The world will be at your fingers.
onomatopoeia ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻛﺎة اﻟﺼﻮﺗﯿﺔ‬ Everywhere we go we will hear the constant buzz and hum of technology.
personification ‫اﻟﺘﺸﺨﯿﺺ‬
Our computers and mobile phones will take care of us, by telling us when to wake up , eat and sleep.
simile = ( like – as ) -Some robots will look and sound very like humans, because technology will have advanced a great deal
‫اﻟﺘﺸﺒﯿﮫ‬
-Treatment and medicines will taste as delicious as real food.
1. The world will be at your fingers. 2017 , 2021
Identify the type of rhetorical device used in the above sentence .
2. New means of transportation will take us to our destination smoothly. 2021
The underlined words in the sentence above represent one of the following rhetorical devices …………….
a. simile b. onomatopoeia c. metaphor d. personification 3
3
Functions ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
consequence
In this way, As a consequence, Therefore, As a result, Thus,
‫ اﻟﻨﺘﯿﺠﺔ‬In consequence , For this , that reason , so
opposition / contrast In spite of , However, On the contrary , Whereas , conversely,

‫اﻟﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ‬ despite , On one hand / On the other hand , although
continuation or addition Furthermore , In addition , Likewise, Also, One reason for this,
‫اﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ as well as , and , Moreover
‫ج‬
Recommendations It is recommended that … / The best course of action would be to

‫اﻟﺘﻮﺻﯿﺔ‬
conclusion It appears that … / This results in
‫اﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ‬
introduction ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ The aim of this report is to …. / This report examines….. / In this report …….. will be examined
emphasis / stress ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻛﯿﺪ‬ The thing that …… / The person who ……. / The place where …… The time when ……….
1. Lights will go on and off automatically. In this way, / Therefore,/ Consequently,/ As a result, we will save energy. -------------------
2. On the one hand, life would be easier. On the other hand, we will have less privacy and security. --------------------------------
3. Driverless cars automatically avoid crashes. However, their computers sometimes fail . ----------------------------------
4. Although the "Internet of Things" will make our life easier, it will make many problems to privacy. ----------------------------
5. Despite the recent advances in technology, it is still unreliable and very inconvenient. 2016 , 2024
What is the function of using despite in the above sentence ? --------------------------------------------------------------------------
______________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬ Functions
1. Giving Advice a. You could + V-inf. … b. Why don't you + V-inf. c. If I were you, I would …..
Have you thought about . ? ( should = ought to = would be a good idea for you )
2. Showing cause ( reason)
because / as / since + ( n + v ) / because of / due to + (n)
3. Showing result
, therefore / , so / as a result, / because of that, / consequently, (Consequence)
4. links ideas and He, she, they , them , it , you, this , that …etc ( pronouns )
paragraphs together
‫ج‬
Complete the following mini-dialogues by giving advice :

1. A: I would like to get a job as a teacher of English. B: --------------------------- study English at university?
2. A: I want to learn Chinese, but they don’t teach it in my school. B: You --------------------- do a Chinese course online.
3. A: I don’t understand what we have to do for homework. B: ------------------------------ , I would ask the teacher.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Giving Advice : Rewrite the advice, using the words in brackets.

1. You should practice the presentation several times.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (were)
2. It would be a good idea for you to make a list of questions.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (could)
3. You ought to get some work experience.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (don’t)
4. You should do a lot of research.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (would)
5. You shouldn’t worry so much.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (If)
4
Showing cause :
4
( because / as / since + ( n + v ) / because of / due to + (n) )

1. We couldn’t go to the stadium because / as / since there weren’t any tickets left
2. As / Since / Because I was tired, I went to bed.
3. We were late because of / due to the traffic.
Showing result :
( , therefore / , so / as a result , / because of that, / consequently, )
4. We were caught in traffic, therefore / so we missed the start of the play.
5. She worked hard; as a result, / because of that, / consequently, she did very well in her exams
We couldn't go to the stadium since there weren't any tickets left.
What is the function of using since in the above sentence ? -------------------------------------------------------------- 2016
Choose the correct answer :
1. We were late --------------------------- the traffic. ( because - as - since - due to )
2. ---------------------------I was tired, I went to bed. ( because - because of - due to )
3. We were caught in traffic, ---------- we missed the start of the play. ( therefore - as a result - consequently )
4. She worked hard; -----------------, she did very well in her exams ( therefore - so - consequently )
5. We were late ------------------------ the traffic.
a. consequently b. due to c. as a result d. therefore 2021
6. The university has managed to attract a lot of students ----------------------- of its excellent reputation.
a. therefore b. because of that c. consequently d. because 2021
Function ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬ ( express / indicate )
1. Link words and paragraphs together : He, she, they , them , it , you…etc ( pronouns )
2. ask questions in a polite, formal way : Do you mind telling me why the train is late ?
3. a formal way of reporting thoughts, sayings, beliefs and opinion : It is said that…. / It is believed that ….
4. To express regrets about the past : I wish I had done more work for my exam.
5. To express wishes about the present that are impossible or unlikely to happen : I wish I knew the answer
6. Describe something that always happens after a certain action or event : If you boil water , it evaporates
7. Describe a future outcome of a certain future action or event: If Sami studies hard , he will pass all his exams
8. To imagine past situations : If I had stayed at home, I would have celebrated.
9. Make comparative : more , less , er ---than , worse , better , as + adj + as

10. Make superlative : the most , the least , the ---est , the worst , the least
11. Reporting information : there are more than
12. Writing formally : ( Dear Mr. / Mrs. / Sir )
13. Writing informally : ( Dear + name / Hi / Hello )
14. Expressing necessity / obligation : must , necessary to , don’t have to , have to , should , shouldn’t
15. Expressing possibility : can , can’t , could , couldn’t , might , mightn’t
5
Function – Grammar ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ Examples
5
Present Simple : - I play tennis everyday.

1. Something that is true in the present . - Every twelve months, The Earth circles the sun.
2. Things that are always true. General truth - The train leaves tonight at 6 pm.
3. Scheduled or fixed events in the future . The party starts at 8 pm
Present Continuous :
1. Something that is happening at the moment of speaking . - I'm studying the present continuous now
2. To describe something temporary . - She is staying with her friend for a week.
3. For actions that happen repeatedly in the present . - You are always losing your keys
4. To talk about the Future, where something has been planned - I'm meeting my father tomorrow
Present Perfect
- They have broken the law
1. To talk about the fact that something happened - I've passed my driving test, so I can borrow his car
at an unspecified time before now . next week
2. Discuss our experience up to the present.
Present Perfect Continuous : ( unfinished activity )

1. Something that began in the past and continues in the present.
- They have been talking for two hours
Past Simple
1. express the idea that an action started and finished - I saw a movie yesterday
at a specific time in the past.
2. Describe a routine in the past . - I always exercised every morning when I was a student
Past Continuous :
1. Show that something happened for along time in the past . I was watching TV yesterday in the evening
Past simple and Past Continuous :
1. to say that something happened in the middle of something else. I was watching TV when she called
Past Perfect Simple :
Talk about actions that happened before a specific moment in the past. After he had studied , he slept
The Future Simple with will :
To talk about the future if we are predicting it without evidence. - The year 2016 will be a very interesting year
To express spontaneous decision. - A: the phone is ringing. B: I'll answer it.
The Future with going to :

1. Future plans ( a person intends to do something in the future ) - He is going to spend his vacation in Aqaba.
2. Predictions that are based on evidence. - The clouds are dark. It's going to rain any minute.
used to + V-inf. :
To describe past habits or past states that have now changed . - She used to be a teacher, but now she's retired
be used to + V-ing : - We've lived in the city along time , so we're used
To describe things that are familiar or customary. to the traffic.
Past Perfect Continuous

To talk about actions or situations that were happening up to a By the time the bus arrived, we had been waiting for an hour
specific moment in the past.
The Future Continuous

Talk about a continuous action in the future . - They will be preparing for the final exam.
The Future Perfect
Talk about an action that will be completed by a particular By 2019 CE, the new motorway will have opened
time in the future .
The Cleft sentences
to emphasize certain pieces of information . - Ahmad is the person who ……
Defining relative Clauses Non-Defining relative Clauses
to identify which particular person, place or thing is being talked about . to give more detail about a particular person, place or thing
that is being talked about.
– There are many animals which have four legs. The Sahara desert, which is in Africa, is very hot. 15
Complete each of the following sentences :

6
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺮع‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺘﻮب‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺑﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺎرة‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﯿﻞ‬

( programs - invented - developed - models - laptop - tablet - mouse - decade - generation)
1. Modern computers can run a lot of ------------------ at the same time .
2. You can move around the computer screen using a ------------------- .
3. From 1990 CE to 2000 CE was a --------------------- .
4. A ----------------------- doesn't need a keyboard.
5. The television was first --------------------- by John Logie Baird .
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‫ﺗﻠﻔﻮن ذﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺘﻮب‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﺣﺴﺎﺑﯿﺔ‬

( smartphone - laptop - model - program - calculation)
1. Although they are pocket-sized, ---------------------s are powerful computers as well as phones.
2. My brother is learning how to write computer -------------------------- s.
3. I need to make a few -----------------------s before I decide how much to spend .
4. Mobile phones used to be huge. Early ---------------------s were as big as bricks!
5. I can close the lid of my ------------------------- and then put it in my bag.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫ﻣﺪوﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺎدل اﻻﯾﻤﯿﻼت‬ ‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺑﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻮرة ذﻛﯿﺔ‬

( blog - email exchange - social media - tablet computer - whiteboard )
1. Record interviews with people. ----------------------
2. Share information with students in another country. ------------------------
3. Watch educational programs in class. ----------------------
4. Ask another student to check your homework. ----------------------
5. Write an online diary. ----------------------
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫ﻣﺘﺎح‬ ‫ﻏﺮﯾﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻼج ﺗﻘﻠﯿﺪي‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻼج ﺗﻜﻤﯿﻠﻲ‬

viable - alien - conventional - sceptical - complementary
1. I don’t really believe that story – I’m very ------------------------------ .
2. Doctors often treat infections with antibiotics; that is the ---------------------------------- approach.
3. Medicines that are not the normal, traditionally accepted treatments are known as --------------------------- .
4. Another way of saying that something could be successful is to say it is ------------------------- .
5. If something seems very strange, we sometimes say it is ---------------------------------- .
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﺣﺴﻠﺒﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎء ﻓﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﻋﺮاض‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻗﯿﻦ‬
( calculations - astronomers - symptoms - disabilities )

1. If you don't feel well, you should describe your -------------------- to the doctor.
2. A telescope enables --------------------- to observe the stars.
3. It's often impossible for people with ---------------------- to climb stairs.
4. In our Maths exam , we have to write down our ------------------- as well as the answers.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫ﺧﻮذة‬ ‫ﯾﺸﺠﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺎز ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﺨﺎطﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺰام اﻣﺎن‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﻔﺲ‬ ‫دﻗﯿﻖ‬ ‫ﺿﺪ اﻟﻤﺎء‬
helmet – inspire – monitor – reputation – risk – seat belt – self-confidence – tiny – waterproof
1. You can wear your watch when you go swimming if it's ----------------------------.
2. It's amazing how huge trees grow from -------------------------- seeds.
3. The Olympic Games often --------------------- young people to take up a sport.
4. Please hurry up. Let's not --------------------- missing the bus.
5. You must always wear a ------------------------ in a car, whether you are the driver or a passenger.
6. When my grandfather had a heart attack, the doctors attached a special --------------- to the chest.
7. It's important to encourage young people and help them develop ------------------------.
8. Petra has a ---------------------- as a fascinating place to visit.
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‫ﻓﯿﻠﺴﻮف‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻢ ﻛﯿﻤﯿﺎء‬ ‫ھﻨﺪﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻢ رﯾﺎﺿﯿﺎت‬ ‫طﺒﯿﺐ‬
Philosopher – arithmetic – Polymath – chemist – geometry – Mathematician – physician
7
1. My father teaches Maths. He's a ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2 You must not take in medicine without consulting a --------------------------------------------------
3 We learn about shapes, lines and angles when we study ----------------------------------------------
4 Mr Shahin is a true ----------------------------- , working in all kinds of creative and scientific fields.
5 Ramzi is very good with numbers and calculations. He always scores high in --------------------
6 A----------------------------------- is someone who thinks and writes about the meaning of life.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫ﻧﻘﻞ ﻋﺎم‬ ‫ﺗﺨﻄﯿﻂ ﻋﻤﺮاﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﺛﺎر ﺳﻠﺒﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬ ‫اﻧﺒﻌﺎث اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮﺟﯿﺔ‬
Public transport - Urban planning - Negative effects - Economic growth - Carbon footprint - Biological waste
1. When people talk about -------------------------------------, they can mean either an improvement in the average
standard of living, or an increase in the value of a country’s products.
2. Pollution has some serious ----------------------------- on the environment, such as the death of wildlife and plant life.
3. We can all work hard to reduce our --------------------------------- by living a more environmentally-friendly lifestyle.
4. If we take --------------------------- more often, there will be fewer cars on the roads, which will result in cleaner air in our cities.
5. Hospitals need to dispose of a lot of ------------------------------ , and it should be carefully managed because it can be dangerous.
6. The need for more effective ----------------------------- is evident when we consider modern day problems like traffic.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫ﻓﺎﺋﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﺰارع‬ ‫اﻧﺒﻌﺎث‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﺪﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎة‬ ‫طﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺠﺪد‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت‬
benefit – farms – footprint – free – friendly – neutral – pedestrian – power – renewable – waste
1. In hot countries, solar----------------------------- is an important source of energy.
2. Green projects are environmentally ----------------------------
3. Wind -------------------------- are an example of --------------------------------------- energy.
4. If a city recycles everything and doesn't throw anything away, it is zero --------------------------
5. We burn carbon whenever we use oil, coal or gas. This is known as our carbon ---------------------------
6. If we replace as much carbon as we burn, we are carbon-------------------------------.
7. A place where no cars are allowed is a car ---------------- zone, and it is --------------------------- friendly.
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‫اﺟﺒﺎري‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ‬ ‫دوﻟﺔ ﻣﺘﻄﻮرة‬ ‫درس‬ ‫اﺧﺘﯿﺎري‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻼﻗﺔ‬

compulsory - contradictory - developed nation - tuition - optional - fluently
1. A wealthy country is a country that is economically and socially advanced. -------------------------------------
2. Is Maths a subject that you have to do ? -------------------------------------
3. You don't have to stay after school for the chess club – It's your choice. -------------------------------------
4. Do you have Music lessons at the weekend ? -------------------------------------
5. Those statements are on different sides of the argument. -------------------------------------
6. In Jordan , pre-school and kindergarten is optional, while basic education is free and ----------------------------------------. (2016)
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‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﺎرج‬ ‫طﻮل اﻟﻌﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬ ‫ ﻓﻜﺮة‬/ ‫ﻓﺮﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺰاﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻔﺎءة‬

Abroad - lifelong - global - prospects - increasingly - proficiency
If you do a degree in Medicine or Law, you will find that your job --------------------- are better than
if you do a more general degree. However, language ---------------------- is becoming ------------------
- important for anyone who wants to travel or work ----------------------- for a large --------------------
- company or organisation . Remember, it is never too late to study or change career direction.
Studying is a ------------------------- activity- you're never too old to start.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫اﻛﺎدﯾﻤﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﯿﺔ اﻻوﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﻠﯿﻢ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﮭﻨﻲ‬
( academic - undergraduate - postgraduate - vocational )
1. After Naser completes his first degree, he's hoping to do a ------------------------ degree.
2. Mariam is an excellent student. She gets top marks in ------------ subjects like History, Arabic and Maths.
3. My brother has just left school. Now he's a university ----------------------------.
4. My cousin is an electrician. Instead of going to university, he did a ------------- course at a local training college.
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Banking and Finance Linguistics Fine Arts History Physics Law
8
1. You should study ------------------- if you are interested in learning about the legal system.
2. Studying --------------------- lets me focus on my love of language in an analytical way.
3. Maths has always been my strongest subject, and I feel that by studying --------------------- I can use my strength to
solve practical problems.
4. --------------------------------- is a subject that I've always been interested in. Learning about modern and ancient
civilization is fascinating.
5. Economics and the global market have always interested me, but I wanted to study a subject with a clear career
path, so I chose --------------------------------------. After I graduate, I want to begin a career in investment.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫دورة دﻣﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ذاﻛﺮة‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻏﺬاء‬ ‫ﺟﻔﺎف‬ ‫ﺗﻐﺬﯾﺔ‬

( circulation - memory - concentration - beneficial - diet - dehydration - nutrition )
1. I used to eat too much junk food, but now I have a much healthier -----------------------------------.
2. It’s---------------------------------- to take regular breaks when revising.
3. It’s important to drink a lot of water in order to avoid---------------------------------------------------.
4. Don’t sit still for too long – move around frequently to increase your---------------------------------.
5. Zainab listens to music while she’s working. It helps her------------------------------------------------.
6. Adnan never forgets anything! He’s got an amazing-----------------------------------------------------.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫ﯾﺤﻞ اﻟﺨﻼف‬ ‫ﺧﻼف‬ ‫ﯾﻔﺎوض‬ ‫ﺻﺒﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﺠﻞ اﻻداء‬
( compromise - conflict - negotiate - patient - prepared - previous - track record )
1. When you talk about business and try to do a deal, you ---------------------------------
2. When you are ready for something, you are ------------------------------- for it.
3. When you can prove that you have experience, you have a -----------------------------
4. When two sides disagree and argue, there is -----------------------------------------------
5. When each side changes their position a little so that they can agree, they have managed to -------------------------
6. When you stay calm and take your time, you are being ----------------------------------
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
( smartphone - ordinary mobile phone - gravity - calculator - calculation - TV )

1. --------------------------------- is not an invention .
2. A ------------------------------ has internet access.
3. You usually use a ---------------------- if you need to make a calculation
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫ﻣﮭﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﯾﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻓﻮري‬ ‫ﻧﺪوة‬ ‫اﻗﻠﯿﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺰي‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ‬
( career - headphones - interpret - seminar - regional - rewarding - translation )
1. Please listen to the music through ------------------------, so that you don’t disturb anybody.
2. I have just read a --------------------------- of a book by a Japanese author.
3. In the UK, there is a central government, but there are also ------------------- councils around the country.
4. My uncle is fluent in several languages. He is often able to -------------------- for us during conversations with foreigners.
5. Nada made a successful presentation at a---------------------------in Irbid last month.
6. Doing volunteer work can be a very--------------------------- experience.
________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫ﯾﺎﺧﺬ‬ ‫ارﺗﯿﺎح‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺰي‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺟﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆول‬ ‫ﻣﮭﻨﺔ‬ ‫اﺗﻔﺎق‬ ‫اﺟﺘﻤﺎع‬
( taking - satisfaction - secure - rewarding - successful - responsible - job - agreement - meeting )

1. Ali is thinking of ------------------------------- a course in Agriculture.
2. I get a feeling of --------------------------------- after a hard day’s work.
3. Make sure your online passwords are -----------------------------------.
4. In order to work in finance, you need to be a very --------------------------------- person.
5. My friend has just got a -------------------------------- at our local bank.
6. After a long ------------------------------------- , we managed to do a deal.
9
The Pronouns
‫ﺿﻤﺎﺋﺮ اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﺋﺮ اﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮل ﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﺎﺋﺮ اﻟﻤﻠﻜﯿﺔ‬
9
I me my
he him his
she her her
we us our
They them their
You + V V + you Your + N
Rewrite the sentences by replacing the words in bold with the correct pronouns .
( her – him – it – them )
1. The class looked at Omar in admiration when he gave a speech . ------------------------------------
2. How did you come up with the plan ? ------------------------------------
3. Did you leave Fatima out ? Remember, she's invited . ------------------------------------
4. I'll look up the train times on line. ------------------------------------
5. Farid and I are going to carry out the class survey . ------------------------------------
6. We'll look into your complaints. ------------------------------------
7. Fatima pointed her sister out to us and introduced us to her. ------------------------------------
8. I don't think the robbers will get away with the crime. ------------------------------------
9. When Omar gave a speech, the class looked at ------------------- in admiration. 2018
( he , his , him , them )
Writing – Using pronouns :

Function : We use pronouns as ways to link paragraphs and ideas.
The following advice about preparing for exams was given by our teacher. He should know- as he
has taken so many of them in his life ! He said, "It is not a good idea to study late at night. This is
because your brain is tired then, and it is unlikely to retain the information as well. The best time to
study is early in the morning. That is when you feel most awake."
He : our teacher
Many of them : exams
This : the reason why you shouldn't study late at night
It : the brain
That : early in the morning
The best time to study is early in the morning. That is when you feel most awake. 2016
What is the function of using the pronoun that in the above sentence ? ----------------------------------
My computer isn't working. Can you have a look at ------------------------ . 2018
( him , her , it , them )
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Pronunciation – Word stress

Words Stress No. of syllables Words Stress No. of syllables
secondary secondary 4 tuition tuition 3
compulsory compulsory 4 achievement achievement 3
organisation organisation 5 academic academic 4
development development 4 contradictory contradictory 5
1. The stress in the word ( compulsory ) is on the syllable : ( com - puls - o - ry )

2. The stress in the word ( development ) is on the syllable : ( de - vel - op - ment )
3. The stress in the word ( academic ) is on the syllable : (a - ca - dem - ic )
10
Pronunciation : Sentence stress minimal pairs
Write the phonetic transcription for the underlined letters :
10
- the p sound /p/ pen / pack / rope the ee sound /іː/ been / dream / medium
- the b sound /b/ bend / back / robe the a sound /æ/ and / back / ran
- the n sound /n/ sun / India / win the ar sound /ɑ:/ bath / car / half
- the ing sound /ɳ/ song / singing / wing the e sound /e/ best / egg / deaf
- the i sound /ɪ/ fit / give / middle the ir sound /ᴈː/ birthday / world / girl
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Pronunciation : International Phonetic Alphabet ( IPA ) : ( Phonetic Transcription )

word Phonetic Transcription word Phonetic Transcription
importance /ɪm'pɔ:təns/ technology /tek'nɑləd3i /
school /'sku:l/ audience / ɔ:diəns /
exercise /'eksəsaɪz/ healthy /'hel0i /
angry /'æŋgrɪ/ carrying /'kærɪjɪŋ/
calm /'kɑ:m / 9
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________
Editing :
1. b-p / c-k / j-g / s-t / i-e / s-z / o-u / f-v ‫رﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺒﺪﯾﻞ اﻟﺤﺮوف اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت‬
Edit the following text. There are two grammar mistakes and three spelling mistakes. Find and correct them.
In the near future, a new ‘bionic eye’ will have helped people with failing eyesite to see again. A devise
inside the eye picks up an image from a small camera attached to a pair of sunglasses and send it to the
brian, which interprets it as vision.
1. ------------------------------ 2. --------------------------- 3. --------------------------- 4. ------------------------
Edit the following text . There are two grammar mistakes and three punctuation mistakes
Scientists will say that exercise is not only important for general fitness ; but that it also good for the brain , it helped
us concentrate better ? As a result , we perform better in exams .
1. ------------------------------ 2. --------------------------- 3. --------------------------- 4. -------------------------

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. The ----------------------- views of the meeting were not rejected by the manager. 2020
a. contradictory b. contradectory c. contradactory d. contradoctory
2. The book has been translated into English from the ------------------- Arabic text. 2020
a. original b. origenal c. origanal d. oreginal
3. Studying ---------------------- lets me focus on my love of language in an analytical way ------- 2020
a. Linguistics / . b. Linguestics / ! c. Lenguistics / . d. Lenguistics / ?
4. After each lesson in the laboratory, we always help the teacher to put the ----------------- away. 2021
a. epparatus b. apparatus c. apparatos d. apperatus
5. Is it -------------------- to do after-school activities in Japan and South Korea-------------- 2021
a. compulsory / ? b. campalsory / . c. compulsary / . d. cumpulsory / ?
6. --------------------- are extremely large investment projects. 2021
a. Magaprojects b. Megaprojects c. Migaprojects d. Megeprojects
7. The study of the chemical structure of the stars and the forces that --------------- them is -------------------. 2021
a. infleunce / Astrephysics b. influence / Astrophysics c. influance / Astraphysics d. influnce / Astruphysics
8. ----------------- and the global market has always interested me--------------- 2021
a. Economecs / . b. Economics / ! c. Ecunomics / ? d. Econumics / .
9. However ------ language ------------- is becoming increasingly important for anyone who starts to travel or work abroad. 2021
a. . / Profecency b. , / Proficeincy c. ; / Proficiancy d. , / Proficiency
10. If users share information on ------------------- media with their friends , it might be accessed with other people. 2021
a. social b. sociel c. sociail d. soceil
11. Before doctors prescribe drugs to patients , they look at the main --------------------- of ailments. 2021
a. simptoms b. semptoms c. samptoms d. symptoms
11
Derivation
( adj + noun + verb + adverb + adjective + noun )
11
verb ate ise ize en fy

noun ion / ness ity ment ence ency ist / isme ing / dom gy / ure/ er ,or, age
adjective al ive ant ent ful / less ous ible able ic, ing, ed
adverb ly
‫ اﻻﺳﻤﺎء‬Nouns ‫ اﻻﻓﻌﺎل‬Verbs
1. After: ( a / an / the ) : 1. After ( to )
2. After prepositions ( in / on / of / at / with / for / by / from / without )
2.After : ( always / usually / often / seldom / rarely / sometimes / never )

3. After the possessives ( 's / s' )
4. After : ( my / his / her / their / your / our / its )

3. After ( would rather / had better / let / make / help )
5. After adjectives :
6. After numbers : one / first / all / every / each / enough/ several

4. After the ( verbs to do ) : ( do / does / did )
7. After the words ( this / these / that / those )
8. After ( much / many / few / some / any / little / more )

5. After ( will / would / shall / should / may / might / can / could / must )
9. At the beginning of the sentence as subjects
10. After ( No )
6. Between the subject and the object = ( N + V + N )
11. After : (need) – (cause) – (keep) – (see )
‫ اﻟﺼﻔﺎت‬Adjectives ‫ اﻟﻈﺮف‬/ ‫ اﻟﺤﺎل‬Adverbs
1. Adverbs describe verbs - V + adv / V + n + -------
1. Adjectives describe nouns
2. We use the adverbs before adjectives : ( be + ly )
2. After ( verbs to be )
3. Adverbs ( without verbs ) . ----------------- ,
3. After adverbs ( adverb + adjective )
4. " verb " + ( very / too / so / quite )
4. " be " + ( as adj as )
5. " verb " + ( as adv as )
5. " be " + ( very / too / so / quite / a bit / absolutely / extremely )
6. subject + ly + verb - n+---------------v
6. After these verbs ( look / feel / sound / seem / am – is – are + -------ly------ + V3 /
become / find / taste / smell / get / turn ) am – is – are + V3 + ----ly-----
has / have + -------ly------ + V3

7. After ( be + more / the most )
has / have + V3 + ------ly-----
1. The association was awarded for its wonderful work on a very ------------------ occasion last week.
a. memorably b. memorise c. memorable d. memory 2023
2. Rasha made the most ------------- presentation about how to protect the rare kinds of plants.
a. successfully b. succeed c. success d. successful 2023
3. The scientists’ participation is based purely on their --------------------- to the development of science.
a. committable b. committed c. commitment d. commit 2023
4. The wall of the palace are much decorated and the coloured columns are ----------------arranged.
a. geometry b. geometrically c. geometrical d. geometric 2023
12
Complete the sentences with words formed from the words in brackets.
1. The Middle East is famous for the --------------------------- of olive oil. (produce - productive - production)
2. Ibn Sina wrote ------------------------- textbooks. (medicine - medical - medically)
12
3. Fatima al-Fihri was born in the ---------------------- century. (nine – ninth )

4. My father bought our house with an ---------------------------- from his grandfather. (inherit – inherited - inheritance)
5. Scholars have discovered an ------------------- ------- document from the twelfth century. (origin – original – originally )
6. Do you think the wheel was the most important ------------------------------- ever? (invention – invented - invent )
7. Al-Kindi made many important mathematical ------------------------------. (discover – discoveries – discoverer )
8. Who was the most -------------------------- writer of the twentieth century? (influence – influent – influential )
9. The Giralda Tower was ----------------------- a minaret. ( origin – original – originally )
10. The ----------------------of oil made some countries rich. (discover – discovery – discoverer )
11. When we go to on school trips, we always learn new things because the trips are --------- . (education – educational - educate)
12. Photography and painting are two examples of the --------------------------- arts. (vision – visual - visually)
13. Sheep’s wool, and goat and camel hair are used by Bedouin tribes to ---------- ---- rugs. (produce – production - productive)
14. There is a particular Bedouin style of -------------------------- . (weave – weaver - weaving)
15. There is a particular Bedouin style of weaving that buyers find very --------------- . (attraction – attractive – attract ).
16. I will be going to university to continue my -----------------------------. (education / educate / educational)

17. Thank you for your help, I really --------------------------- it. ( appreciate / appreciative / appreciation )
18. Many instruments that are still today in ------------ were designed by Arab scholars. (operational / operate / operations)
19. When do you -------------------------- to receive your test results? - (expect / expectedly / expectancy)
20. The newly constructed project use recycled water which helps the ------------ of the environment. ( sustain - sustainable – sustainability )
21. Many candy advertisements are usually presented in an ---------------- manner in the TV. ( attract - attractive - attraction )
22. Markets have different types of food which are ---------------- prepared from animal products. ( artificial - artificially )
23. Imagination is the source of --------------------------------------------------. ( create - creative - creation )
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. One of the most important things that we give children is a good ----------.( educate - education - educational - educationally )
2. If you work hard, I'm sure you will ------------------------- . ( success - succeed - successful - successfully )
3. Congratulations ! Not many people -------------------- such high marks. ( achievement - achieve - achieved )
4. My father works for an ----------- that helps to protect the environment. ( organize - organization - organised )
5. Before you apply for a job, check that you have the correct --------------. (qualify - qualified - qualification )
6. Congratulations on a very------------------ business deal. (succeed - success - successful )

7. We should always be ready to listen to good ------------------- (advise - advice - advisable)
8. My father often talks about what he did in his -------------------. (young - youth)
9. It’s important to have an ------------------ of different countries’ customs (aware - awareness )
10. The graduation ceremony was a very ---------- occasion for everyone. (memory - memorise - memorable)
11. Nuts contain useful ------------------------ such as oils and fats. (nutritious - nutrition - nutrients )
12. Have you had any ------------------------ of learning another language ? (experienced - experience )
13. Remembering the past --------------------- on the experience you had. (dependence - depends - dependant )
14. I'm confused. Could you give me some ----------------------, please ? (advisable - advice - advise )
15. Before an exam, you must ------------------- everything you have learnt. (revision - revise - revisable )
16. In hot weather our bodies are in danger of --------------------------. ( dehydrate - dehydration - dehydrated )
17. Don't talk to the driver. He must -----------------------. ( concentration - concentrate – concentrated )
18. How quickly does blood ------------------------- round the body ? ( circulation - circulate - circulated )
19. Services, mostly travel and tourism ----------- the majority of our economy. (dominant - dominate - dominance )
20. --------------------- have been set up. ( organize – organized - organisation )
13
1. Doing lots of exercise won't keep you healthy if you don't eat ----------- food as well. (nutrients - nutritious - nutrition ) 2016
2. Language ------------ is becoming an important requirement for many jobs. (proficient - proficiency ) 2017
3. My grandfather often tells us about what he did in his ----------------- . ( young - youth ) 2017
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4. Olives which are----------- grown in the world, have been cultivated for over 6.000 years. ( extend - extensive - extensively ) 2017
5. It is important to have an ----------- of different countries' customs. ( aware - awareness ) 2017

6. Maha shows great -------------- for her new job as a lawyer in the court . ( enthusiasm , enthusiastic , enthusiastically ) 2018
7. Our national team is now well- ------------ for the second round of the competition . ( qualify , qualification , qualified) 2018
8. With children, it is important to --------- the right balance between love and discipline. ( achieve , achieved , achievable) 2018
9. It’s---------------------------- to take regular breaks when revising. ( benefit – beneficial – beneficially ) 2018
10. You need ---------------------- at language to work fast. (proficient - proficiently - proficiency) 2018
11- Another way of saying that something could be successful is to say it is ------------. ( viable / viably / viability ) 2018
12- --------------------, a man proposes to a woman, not the other way round. ( Tradition / Traditional / Traditionally) 2018
13- Artists usually meets to discuss ideas and --------------- each other's work. ( criticise / criticism / critic ) 2018
14- Madaba has a ------------------ as a fascinating place to visit . ( reputation / reputational / reputationally ) 2018
15- Khalid received an ----------------- letter from the manager for his hard work. ( appreciate / appreciation / appreciatively ) 2018
16- Manal always presents her ---------------- work in literature clearly. ( create / creative / creatively ) 2018
17. Bank costumers can ----------- their checking accounts instantly. ( access - accessible - accessibly ) 2019
18. Hospitals have a ---------------- to provide the best medical care. ( commit - committed - commitment ) 2019
19. The prices of some items are not ---------- in some shops (negotiate - negotiable - negotiably - negotiation) 2019
20. This training job will --------- you for a better job. (qualify - qualification - qualifying – qualified 2019
21. The recycling project has been ----------- carried out in my school. (success - successful - successfully - succeed) 2019
22. The ---------------- of the internet has changed the world. (invent - invention – inventive – invented ) 2019
23. Majed has ---------- passed the final exam. (success - successful - successfully - succeed) 2019
24. Experts have proved that exercise is good for ---------- . (concentrate - concentration - concentrated - concentratedly) 2019
25. Students -------- to receive their results very soon. (expect - expectation - expectancy - expectantly) 2019
26. Is one side of the brain more --------- than the other ? (dominate - dominance - dominant - dominantly) 2019
27. Many people had to be ----------- after being exposed to the diseases. (immunity – immune – immunization – imunised ) 2020
28. Scientists have ----------- invented a prosthetic hand with a sense of touch. (success – successfully – successful - succeed ) 2020
29. -------------- gives people the ability to resist infection temporarily .... (immunise – immune – immunization – imunised ) 2020
30. Trees absorb carbon dioxide and ---------------------- oxygen. ( producing – produce – production - productive ) 2020
31. How many cars does this factory ---------------------- every year ? (immunise – immune – immunization – imunised ) 2020
32. The doctors ------------------ prevented the spread of the virus. (success – successfully – successful - succeed ) 2020
33. I’d like you to ----------------- this document into English.
( translate – translation – translated - translator ) 2020
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Eating sensibly and taking regular exercise is a fairly---------------------method of losing weight .
a. realability b. reliable c. reliably d. reliance 2021
2. We should prioritise ---------------------- in already existing cities, rather than creating new ones.
a. sustainability b. sustained c. sustain d. sustainable 2021
3. There are many ways to keep our children------------------ engaged when stuck at home.
a. academically b. academy c. academic d. academics 2021
4. I think the rich industrial nations ------------------ the global economy .
a. domination b. dominance c. dominate d. dominant 2021
5. Experienced Jordanian doctors can easily --------------- human bodies using altrasound devices.
a. scan b. scanned c. scannable d. scanner 2021
6. Which of these is an -----------------. TV or gravity ?
a. invent b. inventively c. invented d. invention 2021
7. I’d ------------------ you to think deeply before quitting your job .
a. advising b. advisable c. advise d. adviser 2021
8. The successful people in this life seem to be the ones who are --------------- to change .
a. adapt b. adaptation c. adaptable d. adaptability 2021
9. Anyone with heart, lungs or blood ------------ problems should ask for medical advice.
a. circulate b. circulation c. circulated d. circulates 2021 14
‫ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑــــــــــﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﮭﺔ‬Guided Writing
Name Ibn Bassal
14
Date 11th century BC

Location AlAndalus
Profession Writer, scientists, engineer
interests Botany and agriculture
achievements A book of agriculture – water pumps – irrigation system
legacy Advice and instructions to farmers
Ibn Bassal , who lived in AlAndalus in the eleventh century, was a writer , a scientist and an engineer.
He was interested in botany and agriculture , so he made many achievements such as writing a book about
agriculture and designing water pumps and irrigation systems. Ibn Bassal's legacy was great because all the farmers
followed his advice and instructions.
Compulsory Education in different countries the most - the least - more than - less than
England 5-16 years earlier than - later than - start - leave
Jordan 6-16 years
Turkey 6-18 years
Japan 6-15 years
Turkish children have the most compulsory schooling (education) but Japanese children have the least compulsory one.
In addition, In Jordan, children start school a year later than English children but they leave school one year earlier. .
The most popular university subjects

Subject No. applications Change since
in 2014 CE 2013 CE
Business Studies 280,240 + 3.2 %
Visual Arts 244,620 + 2.4 %
Biology 231,720 +8 %
Engineering 141,100 + 11 %
Physics 104,410 +5 %
Business studies is the most popular subject but physics is the least popular one and it is not as popular as Biology .
Also, Engineering is less popular than Visual Arts but it is more popular then Physics. .
‫ اﻟﺴﯿﺮة‬Curriculum Vitae
Name Farida Jabari
Contact details 215 Rainbow Street, Amman
Qualification degree in English (2009 CE)
Work experience teacher of English, Taha Hussein Secondary School, Zarka – 2009 - now
Personal attributes dedicated, ambitious worker.
Farida Jabri , who lives in 215 Rainbow Street, Amman , has got a degree in English since 2009 CE . She has been
working as a teacher of English in Ein Ghazal Secondary School, Zarka, since 2009 .
She is a dedicated and an ambitious worker .
Advantages – The Internet of Things Disadvantages– The Internet of Things

Health - monitor health and activity. Privacy - everything you do is tracked
- fridges advise on healthy eating
- more time to relax
15
Advantages – The Internet of Things Disadvantages– The Internet of Things
Transport - driverless cars automatically avoid crashes Security - criminals could get control of your
- traffic controlled more efficiently personal information
- no more traffic jams - criminals could take over the whole system
Grammar
1. The Present Simple Tense : ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ‬
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1. S + V1 ….. / don't + v-inf. - ( I , we , you , they ) Key words

2. S + V-s/es …. / doesn't + v-inf. - ( he , she , it ) every / each + time always , these days , often ,
3. be = ( am – is – are ) / (not be ) = ( am not – isn't – aren't ) usually , never , daily , weekly , monthly ,
4. play – plays / carry – carries yearly ,frequently , occasionally , sometimes ,
rarely , seldom , On Sundays , twice a month
5. (o, -x, - s, - ss, - ch, - sh, -z + (– es).
We use the Present Simple to talk about : ( Functions ) :
1. Something that is true in the present : 1. I play tennis / She doesn't play tennis
2. Things that are always true. 2. Every twelve months, The Earth circles the sun .
3. Things that happen as a routine in the present. 3. Ali drives a bus . He is a bus driver.
4. Scheduled or fixed events in the future . 4. The train leaves tonight at 6 pm.
5. We use adverbs of frequency with the Present Simple . 5. He never forgets his wallet.
Correct the verbs in brackets :
1. Children often ------------------------ computers better than their parents. ( use )
2 . Ali --------------------- a letter monthly . ( write ).
3. The Olympic games --------------- place every four years . ( take )
4. ------------- Muslims-------------------- to each other ? ( lie )
5. --------------------- you a teacher ? ( be )
6. Eid Al-Adha is a celebration that ----------------------- on the 10 of Thu-Al-Hijjah .
th
( begin) 2017
7. My family ---------- a trip to Europe every year . ( plans – was being planned – would plan – is planned) 2019
8. These days, millions of families ------------------ at least one computer at home. (have)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. The Present Continuous Tense : ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬
Present Continuous S + am , is, are + V-ing / S + am , is, are (not) + V-ing
Key words now / at this moment / at present / listen / look ! / Be quiet / Be careful / watch out / currently
like – liking see – seeing be – being die – dying
sit – sitting / listen – listening happen – happening visit – visiting develop - developing
prefer – preferring transfer - transferring remember – remembering offer - offering
We use the Present Continuous to talk about : ( Function )
1. Something that is happening at the moment of speaking . 1. I'm studying the present continuous now.
2. To describe something temporary. 2. She is staying with her friend for a week.
3. For actions that happen repeatedly in the present. 3. You are always losing your keys.
( We use it with always ) - to express annoyance
4. I'm meeting my father tomorrow.
4.To talk about the Future, where something has been planned

1. I------------------------------------------- the present continuous now. (study)
2. She comes from Ajloun. She ------------------ with her friend for a week. She will return to Ajloun in the spring. (stay)
3. You --------------- always ----------------- your keys. (lose)
4. I ------------------------------- my father tomorrow. (meet)
5. The students ------------------------- to their teacher at this time. ( not , listen)
6. The workers ------------------------------------------ at the moment . They are on a break. (not , work ) 2018
7. At the moment, people aged 16-30 --------------------- the most smartphones. (buy)
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3. The Present Perfect Simple : ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع اﻟﺘﺎم اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ‬
Subject + ( have , has ) + ( V3 ) - past participle
( He , she , it = has ) ( we , you , I , they = have )
16
1. S + has / have + V3 Key words

S + hasn't / haven't + V3 since / for / just / so far / ,so / already /
2. ( ‫اي ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﺪون دﻟﯿﻞ ) ﻟﯿﺴﺖ ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﯿﺔ‬ recently / lately / today / ever / never / yet /
I have studied English . ….. times / this week / this month
3. ( V1 . has / have + V3 ) ‫رﺑﻂ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺪث ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ وﻟﮫ اﺛﺮ او ﻧﺘﯿﺠﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع‬
For : a week / an hour / three hours Since : Saturday / yesterday / 1930 / last week / March / I was born .

1. I ---------------------------------- my driving test. That's why I can take my father's car. (pass)
2. Salem ----------------- already -------------------- to school. (go)
3. Salem ----------------------------------------- yet . (not, finish)
4. I ----------------------- my finger . It's bleeding now . (cut)
5. Susan ---------------------------------------- to the theatre since last week . ( not go )
6. I --------------------------------- my finger. It's bleeding now. ( cut )
7. She ----------------------------- lunch today. ( have )
8. We ------------------------------- Sami this week . ( see )
9. Since 1943 , there ------------------------- a technological revolution. (be)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. The Present Perfect Continuous : ‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع اﻟﺘﺎم اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬
1. S + has / have + been + V-ing Key words

S + hasn’t / haven’t + been + V-ing for , since , all + time , How long - ( be , v )
3. ( V1 . has / have + been + V-ing ) ‫رﺑﻂ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ واﺳﺘﻤﺮ ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺖ اﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ‬،‫ﺑﺪأت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬
State Verbs
see , hear , want , like , love , hate , think, know , dislike , have , understand , need , remember , realize
be , start , begin , finish , succeed , end , fail
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. The government has ------------------------------------ hardly to raise the citizen's awareness of human rights. ( be, work ) 2016
2. She -------------------------------- to be a doctor since two years. ( be, train )
3. Where have you been ? I ---------------------------------------- for ages . ( wait )
4. Nadia ------------- her homework for two hours . ( have done – have been doing – has been doing – had been done ) 2019
5. They ------------------------------------------- for two hours . ( talk )

6. She --------------------------------------------- for three years . ( work )
7. The police ---------------------------------------- people all week / this week. ( interview )
8. I --------------------------------------------- the house. That's why I have some paints on my clothes. ( paint )
9. She ------------------------------------------ to be a doctor since last year . ( train )
10. Nadia has ---------------------------- her homework for two hours! ( been doing - done )
She ------------------------------- finished very soon. (is - will be )
11. He started studying at 5:00 pm. It's 10:00 pm, and he's still studying. ( has / have + been + V-ing)
He ---------------------------------------------------since 5:00 pm. ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﺪأ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ وﻣﺎ زال ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮا ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ‬
17
4. The Past Simple : ( V2 ) = ‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ‬
Function : To talk about something that started and finished in the past . ( I studied English yesterday. )
(V) = S + V2
17
( not, v ) = S + didn't + V-inf. yesterday / last week , month , year / ago / in 1960 / in ancient times /
(be) = was , were
(not be ) = wasn't , weren't
one day / in early / first ever / when I was a child , young , 12 years old
Correct the verbs between brackets :

1. Alia ---------------------------------- Ali yesterday . (visit)
2. Alia ---------------------------------- her lunch yesterday . (not ,have)
3. Alia ---------------------------------- at home yesterday . (not ,be)
4. I always ----------------------------- every morning when I was a child. (swim) ( routine in the past )
5. She didn't --------------------------- last weekend . ( work )
6. I ----------------------- French when I was a child. ( work ) ( extended period in the past )
7. During the early 2000s, people ----------------- phones in different colours and different designs. (buy)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. The Past Continuous : ‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬

.‫ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ھﺬا اﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻟﻌﺮض ﺷﻲء ﺣﺪث ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ ﻟﻔﺘﺮة طﻮﯾﻠﺔ و ﯾﻘﺘﺮن اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻣﻊ زﻣﻦ آﺧﺮ ﯾﻘﺎطﻌﮫ وھﻮ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ‬
Subject + was / were + V-ing ----------------------------- V2

( I, he, she, it – was )
1. While + S + was / were + V-ing , S + V2
(V2) --------------------------- while / as ---------------- (was, were + V-ing) ( we, you, they – were )
2. When + S + V2 , S + was / were + V-ing

(was, were + V-ing)--------------- when ------------------------- (V2)
3. yesterday / last week + ( at 5:00 - at this time – in the morning – in the evening )

1. Sami ------------------------------- tennis at 9:00 yesterday. (play) ( a long time in the past )
2. When Ali arrived , we ---------------------------------- dinner . ( have )
3. Naser hurt his back while he ------------------------------ in the garden . ( work )
4. While she was writing a letter , the phone ---------------------------- . ( ring )
5. While Salma ------------------------ in Aqaba, she visited the castle. ( stay) 2016
6. The students in my class --------------------------- about their achievements in science when the bell suddenly rang. ( talk ) 2017
7. While my father ------------- a book , our neighbour came to visit us . ( is read – reads – was reading – is being read ) 2019
8. I was driving to work when the engine ------------------. ( stops – were stopping – is stopped – stopped ) 2019
9. I --------------- ( was writing - wrote ) an email when my laptop --------------- (was switching - switched ) itself off.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
7. The Past Perfect Simple : Subject + had + Past Participle (V3) ( V2….. and then…….V2 )
Had + V3 , V2
(V2 ) ‫ واﻟﺰﻣﻦ اﻷﺣﺪث ﻣﺎﺿﯽ ﺑﺴﯿﻂ‬، (had +V3) ‫ ﻓﯿﻜﻮن اﻟﺰﻣﻦ اﻷﻗﺪم ﻣﺎﺿﯽ ﺗﺎم‬،‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ اﻟﺘﺎم ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﯾﺤﺪث زﻣﻨﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬
1. After / As soon as / Because + S + ( had + V3 ) ------------------------ ,S+ V2

when
2. Before / By the time + S + V2 --------------------------------- ,S+ ( had V3 )
3. By + time (1920) , + S + ( had V3 )

past
Function : We use the Past Perfect to talk about actions that happened before a specific moment in the past .
1. After I had cooked , I slept .
2. Before I slept , I had cooked .
18

1. By the time Alex finished his studies, he ---------------------------- in London for over eight years. (be)
18
2. Before she went to the library, Huda -------------------------------- her mother to prepare lunch. (help)
3. I ------------ never ------------- such a beautiful beach before I went to Aqaba . ( see )
4. Hassan’s parents bought him a bicycle after he -----------------------------good marks in his exams. (get)
5. By the end of 2010 CE, companies ----------------- more smartphones than PCs for the first time. (sell)
6. Ahmad had his lunch, and then he started work.
After -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Before ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ahmad had ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ahmad started -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Tala took three English courses in the British Council and then she went to Britain to study medicine. 2016
Before Tala -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Mohammad checked his emails, and then he started work. (before)
Mohammad had ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. The Past Perfect Continuous : ‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ اﻟﺘﺎم اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬

Subject + had + been + V-ing ………, V2 ( since , for , all ) - (be , v )
1. After / as soon as / because + had been + v-ing (for – since – all ) + time , S + v2 (be , v )
( be , v ) ‫ﻣﻊ‬ V2 ‫او‬ ( for – since – all + time ) ‫ ﻣﻊ‬V2 ‫ﯾﺸﺘﺮط وﺟﻮد‬
2. Before / by the time +

V2 , had been + v-ing (for – since – all ) + time (be , v )
3. By + time (1920) , + had been + v-ing (for – since – all ) + time (be , v )

1. Ali ---------------------------------------- about his friend when he received a text from him . (be, think) 2018
2. Before she went to the library, Huda ----------------------- her mother to prepare lunch for an hour. (be, help)
3. By the time the bus arrived , we -------------------------------------------- for an hour . ( be , wait )
4. Salma was very tired . She --------------------------------------- very busy all day . ( be )
5. The children ----------------------- in the yard for two hours. (has been playing - is playing - had been playing ) 2018
6. My uncle ------------- working at the company for five years when he got a promotion. ( is – have been – had been – will be ) 2019
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(Past Perfect Continuous) ‫( و‬Past Perfect) ‫اﻟﻔﺮق ﺑﯿﻦ‬

Had been + ing had + V3
‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻷول‬ ‫وﺟﻮد ظﺮف ﯾﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮار‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﯾﻜﻮن‬
Past Simple - V2 for / since / all + time had been + V - ing
Past Simple - V2 ‫ﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد ظﺮف ﯾﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮار‬ had + V3
Past Simple - V2 already / twice / number / never / yet / just / several / ever / perfectly / had + V3
successfully / nobody / first
Past Simple - V2 ( ing ‫اﻓﻌﺎل ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮة ) اي ﻻ ﯾﻀﺎف ﻟﮭﺎ‬ had + V3
see , love , know , be, own, hear , have, realize / recognize / belong / seem .etc
Singular : ( is - was - has - does - V+s )

news – a number - information - government - family - team - child - money
Plural : ( are - were - have - do - V-inf. )
people - children - men - mice -police - feet - women - oxen - youth - teeth - fish - cattle
19
9. The Future with will : Subject + will (won't = will not ) + V-inf.
1. perhaps , maybe , probably , I think , I hope ,

19
- I think Brazil ------------------------ the World Cup. (not win)

in 2050 , in the future , one day soon , later .
Before long (soon) , Within 50 years (during) , - She --------- probably ---------- back tomorrow. (come)
- A hmad ---------------------- several awards . ( win )
2. predicting without evidence.
-The year 2025 ----------------------- a very interesting year. (be)
- I think humans ---------- to Mars in 2070 . 2019
( will travel – were going to travel – have travelled – had been travelled )
3. To express spontaneous decision. A: the phone is ringing. B: I ----------------------- it. (answer)
1. It is probable that this market ------------------------------- in the future. (expand)

2. Experts say there ------------------ a growth in the number of older people buying smartphones in the future . (be)
3. Experts say that one day soon we ------------------------ them to our skin! (attach)
10. The Future with going to : Subject + am-is-are + going to +-inf. = ( intend - plan – arrange – prepare )
1. To talk about :
1. The clouds are dark. It ------------------------------------ any minute. (rain)
Predictions that are 2. Look at the black sky. It ----------------------- to rain. (go - is going - was going ) 2018
based on evidence.
2. Future plans : I intend to learn English language. I am ---------------------------------------------------------------
( intend – plan ) am , is , are + going to + V-ing
I am ---------------------------------------------------------------
Tomorrow 3. According to Kate’s schedule, she ----------- her business partner next Tuesday. 2019
Next + time
( would be met – will be met – was going to meet – is going to meet )
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Future Continuous :
‫( ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺪث ﻋﻦ ﺣﺪث ﺳﯿﺒﻘﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬will be + V-ing) ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬
Function : To talk about a continuous action in the future.
Subject + will (won't) be + V-ing at + time + future / tonight at 5 pm. / This time tomorrow
Will + subject + be + V-ing ? the exact time later / in …. time / in an hour / in 2 days / in 3 months
will – still
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
11. The Future Perfect : ( next month , …….. for ) Let's celebrate
‫( ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺪث ﻋﻦ ﺣﺪث ﺳﯿﻜﺘﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ وﻗﺖ ﻣﻌﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬will have +P.P) ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺎم‬
Function : To talk about an action that will be completed by a particular time in the future.
1. ( Subject + will have + V-3 ) - for + time Key words

2. ( Subject + won't have + V-3 ) by + future / by… tomorrow / by next …
3. By + time (future) = By 2025 , will have + V3 by then / by three years from now
by the end of this year / by the time + v1
4. By the time + V1 , will have + V3
This time tomorrow / next ................. for + time
5. By the time + V2 , had + V3 / had been + V-ing . (be,v)
Tomorrow / Next ............................... for + time
1.The time next year, They will be preparing for the final exam.
2. What will we be doing in ten years' time ?
3. By 2029 CE, the new motorway will have opened .
4. We're late. By the time we get to the station, the train will have gone. 20
1. Can I call you tonight after 6 pm or you ----------------------- dinner with your family then . ( have )
20
2. I ---------------------------------------------- dinner tonight after 6 p.m. ( not have )

3. What do you think -------------------------------------------------------------- in two years time ? ( you do )
4. I ---------------------------------------------------------------------- in seven years' time . ( still study )
5. This time tomorrow, we'll be celebrating because we ----------------------------- our exams. ( finish )
6. This time next month, my parents --------------------------------- married for twenty years. ( be )
7. The books that you ordered ------------------------------- by the end of the week. ( not arrive )
8. By next year, -------------------- you ----------------------- England ? ( visit )
9. Next month, we ----------------------- in this house for a year. Let's celebrate. ( live )
10. Next Monday, I ------------------------- in my new job. ( work )
11. ----------- you ---------------------- all your homework by eight o'clock ? ( do )
12. It's three o'clock now, so Miriam's flight ---------------------- at Queen Alia International airport, ( arrive)
13. ------------ you ----------------------- at the library this afternoon ? ( meet us )
14 You can borrow this book tomorrow. I ------------------------ it by then . ( finish )
15. I think I will be in Karak and I ----------------------------- Geography in two years time . ( study )
16. Don't phone me at seven. I ------------------------------ dinner with my family at that time. ( have )
17. I think I --------------------------- you the exact time later tomorrow at about three. ( text )
18. Please be quiet when you come home tonight . The baby ------------------------------. ( sleep )
19. If you need to contact me next week, we'll ------------------------ at a hotel in Aqaba. ( stay – be staying )
20. If you need to help to find a job, I will --------------------------- you. ( help – be helping )
21. I can't call my dad right now. He'll ---------------- the plane. It takes off in an hour. ( board – be boarding)
22. We won't be home tomorrow night. We'll ----------------- the football match at the stadium. ( watch – be watching )
23. Do you think you'll ----------------- your school friends when you go to university ? ( miss – be missing )
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Use the Future Perfect or the Future Continuous to complete the following sentences :
1. Will it still ------------------------------------ this evening ? (rain)
2. By 2029 CE, the new motorway ---------------------------------------------------------------- . (open)
3. This time next month, my parents ---------------------- married for twenty years. ( be )
4. This time tomorrow, we'll be celebrating because we ---------------------- our exams. ( finish )
5. By the time we get to the station, the train ------------------------------------------------------. (not, go)
6. By the time we got to the station, the train ------------------------------------------------------. (not, go)
7. Will you ---------------------------- your homework by seven o'clock ? ( do ) 2016
8. Next month, our family --------------------------- in this house for a year. (have, live) 2019, 2017
9. In thirty years' time , scientists ------------------ a cure for cancer. ( found - find - will have found – were finding ) 2018
10. By 2025, Amer -------- his medical courses in the hospital . ( will have finished – have finished – will be finished – have been finished )
11. Maha and her friends --------- the old Roman Theatre in Amman this time next week. 2023
( have been visiting – have been visited – will be visiting – were visiting )
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(Student’s Book p.25)

Edit the following text. There are two grammar mistakes and three spelling mistakes. Find and correct them.
In the near future, a new ‘bionic eye’ will have helped people with failing eyesite to see
again. A devise inside the eye picks up an image from a small camera attached to a pair of
sunglasses and send it to the brian, which interprets it as vision.
Answers:
Grammar : 1. will help 2. sends
Spelling : 3. device 4. eyesight 5. brain
21
Future : Verbs + to + inf.
21
1. ( I , You , We , They ) want - plan - hope - intend + to + V-inf.

Verbs followed by ( to + inf.) 2. ( He , She , It ) wants - plans - hopes - intends + to + V-inf.
Future 3. Do + (I , you , we , they ) + want - plan - hope - intend + to + V-inf. ?
( want - plan - hope - intend ) 4. Does + (he , she , it ) + want - plan - hope - intend + to + V-inf. ?
5. Wh- do + (I , you , we , they ) + want - plan - hope - intend + to + V-inf. ?
6. Wh- does + (he , she , it ) + want - plan - hope - intend + to + V-inf. ?
1. I hope to go to Australia next year.

2. I plan to learn French soon.
3. I intend to go shopping at the weekend.
Make correct sentences about the future :
1. He / hope / become a teacher one day.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. I / intend / apply for a job when I finish university.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Many hospitals / plan / use robots to help nurses in the future.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. How / you / intend / solve the problem ?

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Our school / hope / raise enough money to build a new library.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. You / intend / buy tickets for the play?

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
____________________________________________________________________________ __________________
12. Causative Verbs : ( ‫اﻓﻌﺎل اﻟﺴﺒﺒﯿﺔ ) اﻻﻧﺎﺑﺔ‬

( Subject + has / have / had + object + V3 )
get / got
want / wanted
‫ ( و ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ھﺬا اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ ﻟﻠﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ إن‬V3 ) PP ‫ ﺛﻢ ﻓﻌﻞ ﺗﺼﺮﯾﻒ ﺛﺎﻟﺚ‬something ‫ ﺛﻢ ﻣﻔﻌﻮل ﺑﮫ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻋﺎﻗﻞ‬had ‫ أو ﻣﺎﺿﯿﮫ‬have ‫ﯾﺘﻜﻮن ھﺬا اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺐ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬
. ‫ ﻗﺪ ﻗﺎم ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻋﻨﻲ وﻟﯿﺲ إﻧﺎ أو ﻧﺤﻦ‬someone else ‫ﺷﺨﺼﺎ آﺧﺮ‬
Write the following sentences using causative verbs :
1. I asked someone to fix my computer . I ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- (had)
2. Laila asks Salwa to write the letter . Laila ------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Manal didn't buy her English dictionary. She had it ------------------------------. ( buy ) 2014
4. I didn't deliver the flowers by myself. I had them ---------------------------. ( deliver ) 2014
5. I had my new apartment ----------- before my birthday party. ( had decorated – decorating – decorated – decorates ) 2019
6. I had my phone ----------- after I dropped it. ( repaired – had repaired – repair – repairing ) 2019
10. Rayan had his computer -------------- as it had stopped working . ( is repaired – repaired – was repaired – will repair) 2021
22
13. Speculation : ‫اﻟﺘﺨﻤﯿﻦ‬
22
1. must + V-inf. ‫ﺗﺎﻛﯿﺪ اﺛﺒﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع‬

2. can't + V-inf ‫ﺗﺎﻛﯿﺪ ﻧﻔﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع‬ sure, certain , It's true , I know , certainly , definitely
3. must have + V3 ‫ﺗﺎﻛﯿﺪ اﺛﺒﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬
4. can't have + V3 ‫ﺗﺎﻛﯿﺪ ﻧﻔﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬
5. might + V-inf. ‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻀــﺎرع‬ not sure , not certain , I don't know , I think , I believe
6. might have + V3 ‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﺿـــﻲ‬ possible , probable , may be , perhaps
1. Perhaps Issa's phone is broken . Issa's phone ----------------------------------------------------------------.( might )

2. I am sure English is easy. English --------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3. I am sure Geography isn't difficult. Geography ----------------------------------------------------------------------------.
4. I am sure English was easy. English --------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
5. I am sure Geography wasn’t difficult. Geography -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
14. Verbs + to + inf. / Verbs +V-ing
( want - plan - hope - afford – intend – used - need – offer – expect )

Verbs followed by ( to + inf.)
( stop - enjoy - avoid - mind ) + V-ing
Verbs followed by ( V + ing )
1. I want to get a new apartment but I can't afford ------------------ money at the moment. ( borrow) 2017
2. My friend stopped ---------------------------------- when the teacher came. ( talk )
3. I want ------------ ( to get – getting ) a tablet, but I can't afford --------- one at the moment. (to buy – buying )
4. Are you planning ----------------------- shopping tomorrow ? (go)
5. Our grandmother used ---------------------- us stories at bedtime. (tell)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
15.
1. It isn't necessary to + V-inf. : ‫ﻟﯿﺲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻀﺮوري‬ You don't have to : ( necessary to = have to )
2. are not allowed to + V-inf. : ‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺴﻤﻮح‬ mustn't (allowed to = could )
3. I think you should + V-inf. If I were you , I would + V-inf.
4. V1 -------- + to make ---------- + V1 If + V1 ------------ , ------------ V-s
1. It isn't necessary to switch off the screen .

You ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.You are not allowed to touch this machine .
You -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
3. I think you should send a text message . ( would )

If I --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. I think you should see a doctor.
If I ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- , 2016 , 2017 , 2018 , 2019
5. Press the button to make the picture move .
If you ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23
16. Reported Speech
: ‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻼم اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻜﻼم اﻟﻤﻨﻘﻮل ﯾﺠﺐ اﻻﻧﺘﺒﺎه اﻟﻰ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ اﺷﯿﺎء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ وھﻲ‬
‫ اﻟﻈﺮوف اﻟﻤﻜﺎﻧﯿﺔ واﻟﺰﻣﺎﻧﯿﺔ واﺳﻤﺎء اﻻﺷﺎرة‬.3 ‫ اﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ‬.2 ‫ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬.1
23
Reported Speech : V1 V2 had + V3 had + V3

1. Tense changes :
V1 V2 don't , doesn't didn't + V-inf.

V2 had + V3 didn't + V-inf. hadn't + v3
had + V3 had + V3 is , am was
will / would would are were
shall / should Should / would was – were had been
can / could could need would need / needed
may / might might has , have had
ought to ought to had had had
must , have to , has to had to
2. Pronouns :
myself I me my
himself he him his
herself she her her
ourselves we us our
themselves They them their
yourself - yourselves You + V V + you your
3. Adverbs and demonstratives changes : ‫ظﺮف اﻟﺰﻣﺎن واﻟﻤﻜﺎن واﺳﻤﺎء اﻻﺷﺎرة‬
today that day here there

tonight that night this that
at the moment at that moment next the following
yesterday the day before – the previous day these those
ago before since / last week the week before – previous week
tomorrow the day after – the following day now then – at that time
Reporting Statements :
We use : 1. S + ( said / replied / declined / suggested / advised / reminded / added ) + (that )
2. S + told + object
1. I'm a teacher. He said ----------------------------------------------- a teacher.
2. I have breakfast in the hotel everyday. She said that ----------------------- breakfast in the hotel everyday
3. I'm having lunch with my parents. She said ------------------------- lunch with --------------- parents.
4. I'm sitting on top of the mountain. He said that ------------------------------- on top of the mountain.
5. I've been to France three times. He said ---------------------------------- to France three times.
6. Scientists have found a new source of energy. He said that scientists -------------------- a new source of energy.
7. I've been working very hard. He said ----------------------------------------------- very hard.
8. I bought a new car. He said -------------------------------------- a new car.
9. I went to the National Gallery last week. She said that --------------- to the National Gallery ----------------.
10. I checked my emails this morning. He said that --------------------------------------------- morning.
11. The play had started when I arrived. She said the play -------------------------------------------------
12. I'd already been living in London for five years. He said ---------------------------------- in London for five years.
13. It was raining earlier. She said it --------------------------------------------------- earlier.
14. " I'll meet you here tomorrow." She told me ------------------------------------------------------------. 24
15. " Some parents take their children to the city park weekly."
Mr, Asmar said ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ . 2018
16. " Schools provide children with basic education."
24
Safwan said ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 2018

17. My parents have passwords to monitor their children’s computers.
She told me ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. 2019
myself I me my
himself he him his
herself she her her
ourselves we us our
themselves They them their
yourself - yourselves You + V V + you your
“I will save you from our enemy.”

Adnan told Lina that --------------------------------------------------------------------- .
I , me , my you , your
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
17. Passive Voice : ‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل‬

‫ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮم اﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل اذا وﺟﺪ اي ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﯾﻨﺰل وﯾﻮﺿﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻮ دون ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ زﻣﻨﮫ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮاﻋﺎة اﻟﻤﻔﺮد واﻟﺠﻤﻊ واذا ﻟﻢ ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬.1
( ‫ ) ﻗﺎﻋﺪة ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺠﻤﯿﻊ اﻻزﻣﻨﺔ‬. ‫( اذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﺎﺿﻲ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﯿﻒ اﻟﺘﺼﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻟﻠﻔﻌﻞ‬was-were ) ‫( اذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎرع و‬am-is –are ) ‫اي ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻧﺤﻀﺮ ﺧﻤﺴﺔ اﻓﻌﺎل‬
: ‫ اﻻﻓﻌﺎل اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة ھﻲ‬.2

am-is –are – was – were – has – have – had – will – would – can – could – shall – should – may – might – must – ought to – has to – )
have to – had to – going to – used to )
Active Passive
S + V1 + O - Ali plays tennis . O + ( am – is – are ) + V3 + by + S
S + V2 + O - Ali played tennis . O + ( was / were ) + V3 + by + S
S + ( will , shall, should , must , has to , …. ) + V . inf. + O O + ( will / shall , … ) + be + V3 + by + S

would , can , could , may , used to , have to , has to ……
S + ( am-is-are ) + V. ing + O O + ( am-is-are ) + being + V3 + by + S
S + ( was / were ) + V. ing + O O + ( was / were ) + being + V3 + by + S
S + will + have + V3 +O O + will + have + been + V3 + by + S
S + ( has-have-had ) + V3 +O O + ( has-have-had ) + been + V3 + by + S
- don't – doesn't --------- am not , isn't , aren't = He doesn’t study English English isn’t studied .
- didn't --------------------- wasn't , weren't = He didn’t buy many things. Many things weren’t bought .
- am , is , are + always , usually , often + V3 = He always reads stories . Stories are always read .
Change the following sentences into passive :

1. Somebody has found my laptop .
My -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. My parents have saved enough money to fund our university courses.
Enough money ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Safwan usually discharges my laptop.
My laptop ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. People saw smoke coming out of the forest .
Smoke ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. You have visited Petra .
Petra -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25
( ‫ﺗﺼﺤﯿﺢ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻻﻗﻮاس ) اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل‬
.‫ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺼﺤﯿﺢ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻻﻗﻮاس اذا وﺟﺪت اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﯾﺤﻮل اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺠﺪول اﻻﯾﻤﻦ‬. 1
25
: ‫ ﻧﻤﯿﺰ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮم ﻣﻦ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺘﯿﻦ‬.2

. ‫ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻧﻌﺮف ان اﻻﺳﻢ اﻻول اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻔﺮاغ ھﻮ اﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮل ﺑﮫ وﻻ ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻔﺮاغ ﻣﻔﻌﻮل ﺑﮫ‬: ‫اﻻوﻟﻰ‬
. ‫ اذا وﺟﺪ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻔﺮاغ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة وﻓﻲ اﻏﻠﺐ اﻻﺣﯿﺎن اﻟﺪﻻﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻزﻣﻨﺔ او ﺑﻌﺾ ﺣﺮوف اﻟﺠﺮ ﻧﻌﺮف ان ھﺬه اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ھﻲ ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل‬: ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ‬
( ‫ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬+ V3 ) ‫ اذا ﺗﺎﻛﺪﻧﺎ ان اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ھﻲ ﻣﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل وﻟﯿﺲ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮم ﻓﺪاﺋﻤﺎ ﯾﻜﻮن ﺣﻠﮭﺎ ھﻮ‬.3
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Key word Passive

every , each , always , usually , often ( am – is – are ) + V3
yesterday , last week , year , month , in 1960 , in the past ( was - were ) + V3
tomorrow , next week , in two months ( will + be ) + V3
now , at the moment , at present ( am - is - are ) + being + V3
just , so far , so , already, recently , lately , today , for , since ( has - have ) + been + V3
By 2030 , by next , by the end of the year .. ( will + have + been + V3

1. An introductory grammar of Jordanian sign language ---------------------------- in 2004CE. ( do )
2. In 2010, the first tablet computer ----------------------------------------- . ( produce )
3. People ------------------------- smartphones since they ------------------------- in the early 2000s. (use- invent)
4. According to our teacher’s instructions all of our compositions ----------------------------- in ink. (write)
He won’t accept papers written in pencil.
5. In the near future , it -------------------- that over 40% of the population in Jordan will have smartphones. ( estimate )
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Now, about one billion smartphones -------------------- around the world each year. ( sell ) 2017
7. Ibn Rushd who ---------------------------- in Cordoba is a famous Islamic polymath. ( born ) 2017
8. The ruins ------------------------------ by thousands of tourists every year . ( view ) 2018
9. Last night, many students ------------------- in the English club . 2018

( was elected - were elected - are elected )
10. I am afraid that my laptop ------------------- by somebody else yesterday. 2019

( was used - are used - will use )
11. Three of my articles ---------- last month in the local newspaper. 2019
( have published – have been published – will be published – were published )
12. Many galloons of fresh milk -------------- everyday. 2019

( are drunk - is drinking - drank – are drinking )
13. My children ------------- their online classes when the visitors arrived. 2024
a. were attended b. are attended c. are attending d. were attending
26
18. Conditional Sentences : ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﺸﺮطﯿﺔ‬
1. The ( 0 ) type : ( The tense in both parts is present ) :
If Clause Main Clause ( a fact )

If + S + Simple Present ( V1) If + S + Simple Present ( V1)
26
-( V- inf. / Vs-es ( s,ss,x,o,z,ch,sh ) -( V- inf. / Vs-es ( s,ss,x,o,z,ch,sh )
- ( don't + V-inf. – doesn't + V-inf. ) - ( don't + V-inf. – doesn't + V-inf. )

be = am , is , are be = am , is , are ( he , she , it + V-s / es )
not be = am not , isn't , aren't (not be ) = am not , isn't , aren't ( I , we , you , they + V1 )
2. The first conditional ( Type 1 ) ‫ اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬- ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺸﺮطﯿﺔ اﻻوﻟﻰ‬
If Clause Main Clause

If + S + Simple Present ( V1)
-( V- inf. / Vs-es ( s,ss,x,o,z,ch,sh )

Subject + will ( ‘ll ) / will not ( won't ) + V-inf.
- ( don't + V-inf. – doesn't + V-inf. )
be = am , is , are
not be = am not , isn't , aren't
2. The second conditional ( Type 2 ) : ‫ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﯿﻞ‬: ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺸﺮطﯿﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ‬

- If + S + Past Simple = V2
- S + didn't + V-inf. Subject + would ( wouldn't ) + V-inf.

'd
be = were / (not be ) = weren't
3. The Third conditional ( Type 3 ) : ‫ اﻟﺨﯿﺎل‬: ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺸﺮطﯿﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬

If + S + had + ( V3 ) Subject + would + have + ( V3 )
hadn't + v3 wouldn't
1. If a city ---------------------- everything and doesn't throw anything away, It's zero waste. ( recycle) 2016
2. The bus is late. If it ------------------------------ soon, we will get a taxi. ( not, arrive) 2017
3. If I was offered the job , I think I ---------------------------------------- it . ( take )
4. If you freeze water , it ------------------------- into ice . ( turn )
5. If one presses the button , the picture ------------------------ . ( moved - moves - would move ) 2019
6. I would have done things differently if I ----------- the manager of the factory. ( had been - am - has been – have been ) 2019
7. If you ---------------------- computer games all day, you won't have time to study. ( play - will play )
8. If Ali ------------- ( had - has ) his own computer, he ------------ (wouldn't - doesn't ) need to use his friend's computer.
27
27
( for + time ) - ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬

1. has / have + v3 - He ------------------------------------------- for three hours . ( study )
2. has / have + been + V-ing - He ------------------------------------------- for three hours . ( be , study )
3. had been + V-ing , V2 - After he ------------------------------------ for three hours , he slept. ( be , study )
27
4. will have + V3 - Next month, my parents -------------------------------- married for 20 years. ( be )
( By + time ) - ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬

By + time (past) , had + V3 - By 1985, some schools ----------------------------------- laptops. ( use )
By + time (past) , had been + V-ing - By 1985, some schools ----------------------- laptops for along time. ( be,use )
By + time (future) , will have + V3 - By 2020, some schools ----------------------------------- smartphones . ( use )
By the time + v2 , had + v3 - By the time we arrived , the train --------------------------------------. ( leave )
By the time + v2 , had been + V-ing - By the time we arrived , the train ---------------------------------for an hour. (be, wait)
By the time + v1 , will have + v3 - By the time we arrive , the train --------------------------------------. ( leave )
( When ) - ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬

1. was / were + V-ing .. when.. + V2 - I ---------------------------------- TV when she called. ( watch )
2. had been + V-ing .. when .. + V2 - Ali -------------------- about his friend when he received a text from him . (be, think)
( never ) - ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬

1. Present Simple = V-inf. / V+s-es - I never ---------------------------------- TV. ( watch )
2. Present Perfect = has / have + V3 - He ----------------- never ------------------ TV . (watch)
( always ) - ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬

1. Present Simple = V-inf. / V+s-es - He always ------------------------------------------- . ( study )
2. Present continuous – (annoyance) - He ---------------- always ---------------------- his keys . ( lose )
4. Past Simple – ( a routine in the past ) - I always --------------------- when I was a child. ( be )
( Tomorrow – Next + time ) - ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﺎت ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬

Present Continuous : - I ------------------------------ my father tomorrow. ( meet )
S + am, is , are + V-ing - He ---------------------------- the game next Monday. ( play )
Future Plans : - He --------------------------------- his vacation in Aqaba . ( spend )
S + am, is , are + going to + V-inf.
Future Continuous : - He ------------------------------ at 5:00 tomorrow. ( study)
S + will be + v-ing - They ------------------------------- next week at this time. (interview)
Future Perfect : for + time - Next month, they ----------------------- here for 2 years. ( live )
S + will have + v3
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Used to : ‫ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ وﺗﻐﯿﺮ اﻻن‬
‫( وﺑﻌﺪھﺎ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﺠﺮد ﻟﻮﺻﻒ ﻋﺎدات او ﺣﺎﻻت ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺤﺪث ﻓﻲ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ وﻟﻜﻨﮭﺎﻻ ﺗﺤﺪث اﻻن‬used to) ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬
Usage : To describe past habits or past states that have now changed .
1. ( Subject + used to + V-inf. ) - affirmative Key words
2. ( Subject + didn't use to + V-inf. ) - negative
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3. ( Did + Subject + use to + V-inf. . ? ) – interrogative when I was young – a student – a child – 12 years old
4. S + used to + V-inf. = past habit = past state
5. It was a past habit for Ali to read. = Ali used to read. when I was your age - when you were younger
, but now – ,but these days – ,but we stopped
, but it closed - these days

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
15. Be + used to + V- ing : ‫ﻣﺘﻌﻮد ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫( ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺘﺤﺪث ﻋﻦ اﻻﻣﻮر اﻟﻤﺄﻟﻮﻓﺔ أو اﻻﻋﺘﯿﺎدﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎرف ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ing) ‫( وﻧﻀﻊ وراءھﺎ اﺳﻢ او ﺿﻤﯿﺮ او ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻀﺎف ﻟﮫ‬be+used to) ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم ھﺬه اﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة‬
Usage : To describe things that are familiar or customary :
1. S + ( am , is , are , was , were) + used to + V-ing / noun / pron. ) Key words

2. S + ( am , is , are , was , were - not) + used to + V-ing / noun / pron. ) - always – usually - often
3. Be (am – is – are ) + used to = ( normal – familiar – customary – ordinary - habitual )
- has / have + V3
4. It is normal for Ali to wake up early. = Ali is used to waking up early.
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻋﺪات ﻟﻠﺤﻞ‬
5. It isn't normal for Ali to wake up early. = Ali isn't used to waking up early. ‫وﻟﯿﺲ دﻻﺋﻞ‬
1. My mother used to buy my clothes, but now I choose my own.

2. She used to be a teacher, but now she's retired.
3. I used to like cartoon films when I was younger. These days I prefer action films.
4. We've lived in the city along time , so we're used to the traffic.
5. I didn't like getting up early, but I'm used to it now.
6. She's lived in the UK for a year. She's used to speaking English now .
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Choose the correct option in each sentence :

( didn't use to - am used to - am not used to - is used to -
are used to - used to - aren't / weren’t used to - use to )
1. I ------------------------- understand English, but now I do .
2. My cousin has lived in Lebanon for a year. He says he -------------------------------- living there now.
3. My family and I ----------------------- go camping once a month, but we stopped doing that .
4. Joining a gym can be very tiring at first if you ------------------------------ doing much exercise .
5. When I was young, I ------------------- go fishing with my dad every weekend. Now I don't, unfortunately !
6. We needed warm clothes when we went to London. We ----------------------- to the cold weather.
7. My grandparents didn't ----------------------- send emails when they were my age.
8. Rashed ---------------------- go swimming every morning, but now he doesn't .
9. We always go to the market across the street, so we --------------------- eating fresh vegetables.
10. Please slow down. I ----------------------- walking so fast.
11. When you were younger, did you -------------------------- play in the park ?
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12. I ------------------------------------- go shopping in the local market, but it closed two years ago
13. There --------------------------- be so much pollution, but these days it is a global problem.
14. I think television -------------------------------------- be better than it is now.
15. Most Jordanians ------------------------------ the hot weather that we have in summer.
16. There ------------------- be a lot of wild animals in the past, but they are becoming rare nowadays.
17. Salma has been practicing the oud really hard and she ---------------------------------- playing it .
18. When I was a student, I ---------------------------------- very hard . ( work )
I ------------------------------------------ very early and study alone. ( get up )
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19. Are you ----------------------- in Jordan yet ? You've only been here for two months. ( live )
20. When I was a child, my grandmother ----------------- cakes for us all the time. ( make )
21. My grandfather retired a month ago. He isn't ------------------------------- nothing to do all day. ( have )
22. I just got glasses this week, and I'm not -------------------- them yet, so I'm still having difficulty. ( wear )
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Correct the underlined verbs :

1. My mother is used to buy my clothes , but now I choose my own . -----------------------------------------------
2. There wasn’t used to be so much pollution , but these days it is a global problem . -----------------------------
4. Most Jordanians used to the hot weather which we have in summer . -------------------------------------------
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Rewrite the following sentences :
1. It was a past habit (normal) for my brother to get up early.
My brother ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. It is normal for me now to get up early to study.
I am -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. It's not normal for American people to eat steak for lunch and dinner everyday. It is too expensive.
American people ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2017
4. It's not normal for my grandfather to have nothing to do all day.
My grandfather --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2017
6. It's not normal for my younger brother to use his electronic dictionary .
My younger brother ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2018
7. It is normal for my children now to eat fresh vegetables .
My children -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2019
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1.When I was young, I ----------- on foot to my school . 2018
( are used to going – used to go – use to go – am used to going )
2. My friend has lived in Egypt for a year. She says she ---------------------- living there now. 2019
( is used to - used to - didn’t use to - am not used to )
3. Rashid ------------------- swimming every morning , but now he doesn't. 2019
4. Ali ----------------------- the duck in the park with his father when he was young. 2019
( is used to feeding - used to feed - am used to feeding - are used to feeding )
5. There ------------------------ be so much pollution , but these days it is a global problem . 2021
a. didn’t use to b. was used to c. wasn’t used to d. don’t use to
6. My grandfather retired a month ago. He isn’t ----------------------- nothing to do all day . 2021
a. use to have b. used having c. used to having d. used to have
7. My family and I ------------ go camping once a month, but we stopped doing that when we moved to the city. 2023
a. are used to b. used to c. were used to d. use to
8. Mr Yousef retired a month ago. He isn’t ------------- nothing to do all day . 2023
a. used to having b. use to have c. used to have d. use to having
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Cleft Sentences
. ‫وﺗﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﻘﺔ‬. ‫ وﯾﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻋﺎدة اﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎھﺎ ﺑﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﺴﯿﻄﺔ‬,‫ ھﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﻌﻘﺪة‬: ‫ اﻟﻤﺠﺰأة‬/ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﻘﺴﻤﺔ‬
( ‫ ) اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰء ﻣﺤﺪد ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬.‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺠﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﻘﺴﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ اﻟﺘﺄﻛﯿﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻌﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬
Function : We use cleft sentences in order to emphasize certain pieces of information.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We can start cleft sentences with the following phrases :
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Phrase Arabic Phrase Arabic

The thing which / that ‫ ﻟﻐﯿﺮ اﻟﻌﺎﻗﻞ‬- ‫اﻟﺸﻲء اﻟﺬي‬ The place where ‫ ﻟﻠﻤﻜﺎن‬- ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺎن اﻟﺬي‬
The person who / whose / whom ‫ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻗﻞ‬- ‫اﻟﺸﺨﺺ اﻟﺬي‬ The way in which ‫اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ‬
The time when ‫ ﻟﻠﺰﻣﻦ‬- ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻦ اﻟﺬي‬ What …… . / It ………
Relative Pronouns
Relative words Sentences
1. Who : Ahmad , Salma , the person , the man , the scientist I told you about the man who lives next door .2019
2. which / that : the thing , the car , the lion , the event Do you see the tiger which is lying on the roof .
3. whose : the man whose + n / the car whose + n I met the man whose daughter is a doctor
4. Where : the place where / Amman where + n + v The city where we met Ali is very beautiful .
Amman which + V I live in Amman which is a beautiful city .
5. When : the time / year / day / period / week I remember the day when we entered the school.
6. Whom : object pronouns for people I was invited by Ali whom I met at the conference .
Cleft Sentences
Sameer studied Medicine in Britain in 2012

who V2 which where when
The person ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ( is – was ) + Sameer
The thing ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ( is – was ) + Medicine
The place ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ( is – was ) + Britain
The time / year / day ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ( is – was ) + 2012
The way in which ------- / The reason why ----------
Sameer ( is– was ) the person who

Medicine ( is– was ) the thing which / that
Britain ( is – was ) the place where + ‫ اﻟﻤﺤﺪد‬/ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﻤﻜﺘﻮب‬
2012 ( is –was ) the time when
It ( is –was) Sameer who ( that )

It ( is –was) Medicine which ( that )
It ( is –was) Britain where ( that ) + ‫ اﻟﻤﺤﺪد‬/ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎء اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﻤﻜﺘﻮب‬
It ( is –was) 2012 when ( that )
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Emphasise the part of the sentence which is in bold to make cleft sentences :
1. Huda won a prize for art last year.
It -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. The Great Mosque in Cordoba was built in 784 CE by Abd al-Rahman I. ( passive )
Abd al-Rahman I ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. The Great Mosque in Cordoba was built in 784 CE by Abd al-Rahman I
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The mosque ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. The Great Mosque in Cordoba was built in 784 CE by Abd al-Rahman I
The year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Al-Jazari invented the mechanical clock in the twelfth century.
The person ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The thing ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The period/ time ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Al-Kindi contributed to the invention of the oud.

The person ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. Jabir Ibn Hayyan did his research in a laboratory in Iraq.
The country ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. Ali Ibn Nafi’ established the first music school in the world.
It ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Jabir Ibn Hayyan also invented ink that can be read in the dark.
It ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. Al-Kindi is especially famous for his work in geometry. 2024
It ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. Queen Rania opened the Children’s Museum of Jordan in 2007 CE.
It was -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. Petra was made a World Heritage Site in 1985 CE.
The year-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. I stopped working at 11 p.m.
It --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. My father has influenced me most.
The person---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. I like Geography most of all.
The subject--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. The heat made the journey unpleasant.

It --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. The Egyptians built the pyramids.
It --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. Ali intends to finish his project tonight.
Ali is--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
32
1. Huda won a prize for art last year.
- The person who won a prize for the art last year was Huda.
- The prize that / which Huda won last year was for art.
- The thing which Huda won last year was a prize for art.
2. The Olympic Games were held in London in 2012 CE.
- London was the place where the Olympic Games were held in 2012 CE.
- The place where the Olympic Games were held in 2012 CE was London.
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- The event that took place in London in 2012 CE was the Olympic Games.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Defining relative clauses : ‫ﺟﻤﻞ اﻟﻮﺻﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺪده‬

‫وﺟﻤﻞ اﻟﻮﺻﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺪدة ﺗﻮﺻﻞ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ‬. ‫ اﻟﻤﻜﺎن أو اﻟﺸﻲء اﻟﺬي ﻧﺘﺤﺪث ﻋﻨﮫ‬, ‫ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﺘﻌﺮف وﺗﺤﺪد اﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬:‫ﺟﻤﻞ اﻟﻮﺻﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺪدة‬
( who / which / that / where or when ) ‫أﺧﺮى ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ أﺣﺪ ااﻻﺳﻤﺎء اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮﻟﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ‬
Function : They are used to identify which particular person, place or thing is being talked about.
- Defining clauses are necessary to the meaning of the sentence . (without commas )
- There are many animals which have four legs .
main clause relative clause
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. Non-defining relative clauses: ‫ﺟﻤﻞ اﻟﻮﺻﻞ اﻟﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﺤﺪدة‬

‫وﺟﻤﻞ اﻟﻮﺻﻞ اﻟﻐﯿﺮاﻟﻤﺤﺪدة ﺗﻮﺻﻞ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ‬. ‫ اﻟﻤﻜﺎن أو اﻟﺸﻲء اﻟﺬي ﻧﺘﺤﺪث ﻋﻨﮫ‬, ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﺟﻤﻞ اﻟﻮﺻﻞ اﻟﻐﯿﺮ ﻣﺤﺪدة ﻻﻋﻄﺎء ﺗﻔﺼﯿﻼت أﻛﺜﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﺨﺺ‬
. ‫أﺧﺮى ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ أﺣﺪ ااﻟﺴﻤﺎء اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮﻟﺔ‬
Function : They are used to give more detail about a particular person, place or thing that is being talked about.
Add extra information - Not necessary - ( has a comma after the main clause . )
- The Sahara desert, which is in Africa, is very hot. ( the relative pronoun is never omitted )
The Sahara desert is very hot.
1. London is a huge city. It’s the capital of the UK.
London--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. The students ----------------- cleaned the street are from our school. ( which - who - when - whose ) 2018
2. The prize --------------------- Huda won last year was for Art . ( when - where - which - who ) 2018
3. The person -------------------- has influenced me most is my father. ( when - where - which - who ) 2019
4. I always go to the supermarket ---------- sells organic vegetables. ( who - which - whose - whom ) 2019
5. Plastic is the material ---------- causes a lot of pollution. ( whose - who - where - which ) 2019
1. He has written many books , but his final book made him famous all over the world .
He has written many books, but it -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Taha Hussein is especially famous for his work in literature .

It is ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2016
3. My neighbours' generosity impresses me more than anything else.

The thing that ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2017
4. The Second World War ended in 1945 in Europe .

The year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2018
5. The Great Mosque in Cordoba was built in 784 CE.

The year ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2019
6. Meeting new people makes travelling an exciting experience.

The thing ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2019
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Complete the text with the correct words . Sometimes, more than one answer is possible.
that - which - where - who
Qasr Bashir is an extremely well-preserved Roman castle ----------------- is situated in the Jordanian desert,
and is about eighty kilometres south of Amman The walls and huge corner towers of the castle, ---------------
was built at the beginning of the fourth century CE, are still standing thought that Qasr Bashir was built to
33
protect the Roman border. Apart from the rooms in the castle, there are also about
twenty-three stables ---------------------------- horses may have been kept.
People ------------------ love exploring historical Roman ruins will certainly find a visit to Qasr Bashir very
rewarding. Once inside the building, one can imagine very vividly what it would have been like to live there
during the times of the Roman Empire.
which-that / which / where / who
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Read the passage below and answer the questions :

The Giralda Tower
The Giralda tower, which is one of the most important buildings in Seville, Spain,
stands at just over 104 metres tall. The person who is believed to be responsible for
the design of the tower, which was originally a minaret, is the mathematician and
astronomer Jabir ibn Aflah. The architect of the tower was Ahmad Ben Baso, who
began work in 1184 CE. He died before the tower was completed in 1198 CE. The
design of the tower is believed to be based on the Koutoubia Mosque, which is in
Marrakesh, Morocco, and the Hassan Tower in Rabat .
1- Identify the defining and non-defining relative clauses in the text.
2- What relative pronouns do we use for the things in the box? People - animals and things - places.
who / that which / that where / which / that
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Match the beginning with the correct endings and join them a relative pronoun. (AB - p. 21)
1. A mathematician is someone ------------------------------ a. are studied by mathematicians.

2. Geometry and arithmetic are subjects -------------------- b. means ‘doctor’
3. 'Physician' is an old-fashioned word --------------------- c. works with numbers.
4. A chemist is a person --------------------------------------- d. astronomers study.
5. The stars and planets are things --------------------------- e. works in a laboratory.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mr Sulieman designed the building of the new hospital in Amman in 2015. 2023
The sentence which emphasizes the underlined words in the sentence above is --------
A – it was Mr Sulieman designed the building of the new hospital in Amman in 2015.
B – The year when Mr Sulieman designed the building of the new hospital in Amman in 2015.
C - it was the building of the new hospital in Amman that Mr Sulieman designed in 2015.
D – the city where Mr Sulieman designed the building of the new hospital in was Amman in 2015.
AlKindi lived in the 9th century and was especially famous for his work in geometry. 2024
The sentence which emphasizes the underlined words in the sentence above is --------
A – The person who was especially famous for his work in geometry was AlKindi.
B – The time that Alkindi lived in was the 9th centuty .
C – The thing that AlKindi was especially famous for was his work in geometry.
D – It was AlKindi who was especially famous for his work in geometry.
34
Complete the text about Ibn Sina, using the relative pronouns in the box one pronoun is used twice.
Add commas for the non- defining relative clauses. (AB - p. 21)
that / when / which / who

Ibn Sina (1) -------------------- is also known as Avicenna was a polymath. Ibn Sina was influenced as a young
man by the works of the philosopher Aristotle. He wrote on early Islamic philosophy (2) ------------------------
34
included many subjects, especially logic and ethics.

He also wrote ALQanun fi-Tibb, the book (3) --------------- became the most famous medical textbook ever.
In the last ten or twelve years of his life,
Ibn Sina started studying literary matters. His friends (4) ------------------------------- were worried about his
health advised him to relax. He refused and told them ‘I prefer a short life with width to a narrow one with
length.’ It was the month of Ramadan (5) ---------------------------- Ibn Sina died, in June 1037 CE.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Ibrahim -------------- his new dental clinic --------------- last week . 2021
a. has / furnished b. had / furnished c. is / furnished d. was / furnished
2. Rasha ------------------ her friend’s dictionary if she had her own dictionary. 2021
a. borrowed b. will borrow c. wouldn’t borrow d. will not borrow
3. The kids ---------------- football in the park before it started to rain. 2021
a. have played b. are playing c. play d. had played
4. Where did Maha ------------------------- to school ? 2021
a. used to go b. use going c. use to go d. use to going
5. My sister was very busy yesterday as she -------------------------- for a special occasion. 2021
a. had been preparing b. prepares c. has been prepared d. is preparing
6. This time tomorrow, we -------------------- because we will have finished our exams. 2021
a. would have celebrated b. will be celebrating c. will have celebrated d. had been celebrating
7. I ---------------------- my car. That’s why my hands are dirty. 2021
a. have been cleaned b. have been cleaning c. am cleaned d. had been cleaned
8. I had difficulty in driving cars in the past, but now I can drive well. 2021
a. I am used to driving cars well now. b. I used to drive cars well in the past.
c. I am used to drive cars well now. d. I used to driving cars well in the past.
9. This time next year, Ahmad --------------------- his final presentation in the university before graduation. 2021
a. discuss b. has discussed c. will be discussing d. is discussed
10. Some medicine --------------- for my grandfather to treat migraine monthly. 2021
a. prescribes b. will prescribe c. are prescribed d. is prescribed
11. The person --------------------- my brother bought a new mobile from was his friend. 2021
a. where b. when c. whose d. who
12. Ibrahim -------------- his new dental clinic --------------- last week . 2021
a. has / furnished b. had / furnished c. is / furnished d. was / furnished
13. My parents have saved enough money to buy a new car. 2021
A- Enough money has been saved to buy a new car.
B- Enough money hasn’t been saved to buy a new car.
C- Enough money had been saved to buy a new car.
D- Enough money hadn’t been saved to buy a new car.
14. I visit my grandparents this morning. 2021
A- Huda said that she visited my grandparents this morning.
B- Huda said that she had visited her grandparents this morning.
C- Huda said that she visited my grandparents that morning.
D- Huda said that she visited her grandparents that morning.
35
15. It is normal for most of Jordanian people to cook Mansaf in the wedding party. 2021
Most of Jordanian people -------------------------------------------------------------------
A- used to cooking Mansaf in the wedding party.
B- are used to cooking Mansaf in the wedding party.
C- are used to cook Mansaf in the wedding party.
D- are use to cooking Mansaf in the wedding party.
16. Ali ibn Nafi’ revolutionized the musical theory in the world. 2021
35
The sentence which emphasizes the underlined words is ------------------------------

A- The thing that Ali ibn Nafi’ revolutionized in the word was the musical theory.
B- The person who Ali ibn Nafi’ revolutionized in the word is Ali ibn Nafi’.
C- It was Ali ibn Nafi’ who revolutionized the musical theory in the word.
D- The thing which revolutionized Ali ibn Nafi’ was the musical theory in the word.
17. “ We are visiting the museum today.” 2021
The correct reported speech of the sentence above is :
A- Marwan said that they are visiting the museum that day.
B- Marwan said that we were visiting the museum this day.
C- Marwan said that they were visiting the museum that day.
D- Marwan said that we are visiting the museum today.
18. “ I’d already been living in London for five years.” 2021
The correct reported speech of the sentence above is :
A- My friend said that he has already been living in London for five years.
B- My friend said that he had already been living in London for five years.
C- My friend said that he had already lived in London for five years.
D- My friend said that he had already been lived in London for five years.
21. ----------------- and the global market has always interested me. 2021
a. Economecs b. Economics c. Ecunomics d. Econumics
22. However , language ------------- is becoming increasingly important for anyone who starts to travel or work abroad. 2021
a. Profecency b. Proficeincy c. Proficiancy d. Proficiency
25. ------------------- are controls available on social networking sites which let you decide who can see what information. 2021
a. Privacy settings b. Identity fraud c. Email exchange d. Security settings
26. In 1965, the average Jordanian’s ----------------------- was age 50. 2021
a. healthcare b. infant mortality c. work force d. life expectancy
27 My grandfather has to take a lot of medicine – he takes six different ------------------- everyday. 2021
a. arthritis b. pills c. allergies d. prosthetic
28. We are carbon ------------------- if we replace as much carbon as we burn. 2021
a. waste b. footprint c. power d. neutral
29. Some universities offer ---------------------courses that suit different individual needs. 2021
a. tailor-made b. prospects c. increasingly d. fluently
30. ------------------- means a program whether a certain content on a web page should be displayed to the viewer. 2021
a. Filter b. Whiteboard c. Calculation d. Blog
31. My grandfather was very ill in the hospital. He suffered from a variety of --------------------------. 2021
a. limbs b. ailments c. options d. commitments
32. He wasn’t accepted in the company because he wasn’t ------------------- enough for the job. 2021
a. global b. dehydrated c. distant d. qualified
33. When experts talk about economic ---------------------, they mean the standards of living . 2021
a. footprint b. polymath c. growth d. windmills
34. You can increase your employment ------------------ by graduating with an international degree . 2021
a. fertilisers b. prospects c. memories d. minerals
35. ------------------ means someone who has finished their first degree and is continuing to study either a Master’s or PhD. 2021
a. Postgraduate b. Undergraduate c. Simulator d. Tutorial
36. Many countries have a central government, but they also have ----------------- around the country. 2021
a. regional b. compromised c. negotiated d. interpre
36
Quantifiers to make comparisons
‫ﻣﺤﺪدات اﻟﻜﻤﯿﺔ ﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬
Positive Comparative Superlative Equality

‫اﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ اﺛﻨﯿــــــــﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ واﺣﺪ ﺑﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ as …...as
( ‫) اﻟﻤﻔﺎﺿﻠﺔ‬ not as……as
36
‫اﻟﺨﻴﺎر اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ ‬
‫ﺻﻔﺎت ﻗﺼﯿﺮة‬ ‫‪er……. than‬‬ ‫‪The ….est‬‬

‫ﺳﮭﻞ‬ ‫‪easy‬‬ ‫‪easier than‬‬ ‫‪The easiest‬‬ ‫‪as much + ……as‬‬
‫طﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫‪tall‬‬ ‫‪taller than‬‬ ‫‪The tallest‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎواة اﻻﺷﯿﺎء ﻏﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﺪودة‬
‫ﻛﺒﯿﺮ‬ ‫‪big‬‬ ‫‪bigger than‬‬ ‫‪The biggest‬‬ ‫‪as many + ……as‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺎت طﻮﯾﻠﺔ‪ -‬ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ اﯾﺠﺎﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪more …… than‬‬ ‫‪the most …..‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎواة اﻻﺷﯿﺎء اﻟﻤﻌﺪودة‬
‫ﻏﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫‪expensive‬‬ ‫‪more expensive than‬‬ ‫‪The most expensive‬‬ ‫‪as popular as‬‬
‫ﻣﺸﮭﻮر‬ ‫‪famous‬‬ ‫‪more famous than‬‬ ‫‪The most famous‬‬
‫ﺣﺮﯾﺺ‬ ‫‪careful‬‬ ‫‪more careful than‬‬ ‫‪The most careful‬‬ ‫‪as often as‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﺳﻠﺒﯿﺔ‬ ‫)‪as hard as (adverb‬‬
‫‪little‬‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﺪود‬ ‫‪less than‬‬ ‫اﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫‪the least‬‬
‫‪isn't as ……….as‬‬
‫ﺻﻔﺎت ﺷﺎذة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬
‫ﺟﯿﺪ‬ ‫‪good‬‬ ‫‪better ….than‬‬ ‫‪the best‬‬ ‫اﻻﻓﻀﻞ‬ ‫‪as tall as‬‬
‫ﺳﻲء‬ ‫‪bad‬‬ ‫‪worse ….than‬‬ ‫‪the worst‬‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻮا‬ ‫‪as exciting as‬‬
‫ﻗﻠﯿﻞ‬ ‫‪little‬‬ ‫‪less …..than‬‬ ‫اﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫‪the least‬‬ ‫اﻻﻗﻞ‬
‫‪many/much‬‬ ‫‪more …than‬‬ ‫‪the most‬‬ ‫اﻻﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ﺑﻌﯿﺪ‬ ‫‪far‬‬ ‫‪farther / further‬‬ ‫‪The farthest / furthest‬‬
‫‪taller‬‬ ‫‪X‬‬ ‫‪shorter‬‬ ‫‪hotter X colder‬‬ ‫‪better X‬‬ ‫‪worse‬‬ ‫‪the most‬‬ ‫‪X the least‬‬
‫‪bigger‬‬ ‫‪X‬‬ ‫‪smaller‬‬ ‫‪later‬‬ ‫‪X earlier‬‬ ‫‪farther X‬‬ ‫‪nearer‬‬ ‫‪the most‬‬ ‫‪X the fewest‬‬
‫‪cheaper X‬‬ ‫‪more expensive‬‬ ‫‪longer X shorter‬‬ ‫‪poorer X‬‬ ‫‪richer‬‬ ‫‪more‬‬ ‫‪X fewer‬‬
‫‪easier‬‬ ‫‪X‬‬ ‫‪more difficult‬‬ ‫‪faster X slower‬‬ ‫‪more‬‬ ‫‪X less‬‬
‫ﻣﻊ اﻟﺼﻔﺎت اﻟﻄﻮﯾﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻣﻦ ) ‪ (more‬اﻟﻰ ) ‪: (as ….. as‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻣﻦ ) ‪ (more‬اﻟﻰ ) ‪ : (as ….. as‬اذا ﺑﺪأ اﻟﺴﺆال ﺑﻌﻜﺲ اﻻﺳﻤﺎء اي ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ‪ Ahmad‬ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﺪل ‪: Ali‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫اوﻻ ﻧﻨﻔﻲ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ is‬ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ‪ are - isn't‬ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ‪ aren't‬وھﻜﺬا ‪ V +s -es / .‬ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ‪ don't‬او ‪ doesn't‬ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻧﻀﻊ ﻣﻜﺎن ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ more‬ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ as‬ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻊ ﻣﻜﺎن ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ than‬ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ as‬وﻧﻜﻤﻞ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻲ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫او ﻧﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻋﺎدة اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ more‬اﻟﻰ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ less‬دون اي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺳﻮى ﻋﻜﺲ اﻻﺳﻤﺎء او اﻗﻄﺎب اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪1. Ali's car is more expensive than Ahmad's. ………… Ahmad's car is less expensive than Ali's‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪Ahmad's car isn't as expensive as Ali's‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪2. Ali plays more quickly than Ahmad . …………………Ahmad plays less quickly than Ali.‬‬
‫‪Ahmad doesn't play as quickly as Ali‬‬
‫_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‬
‫ﻣﻊ اﻟﺼﻔﺎت اﻟﻘﺼﯿﺮة‬ ‫‪:‬‬

‫اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﻀﺎف ﻟﮭﺎ ) ‪ ( er‬اﻟﻰ ) ‪(as ….. as‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻣﻦ ) ‪ (er‬اﻟﻰ ) ‪ : (as ….. as‬اذا ﺑﺪأ اﻟﺴﺆال ﺑﻌﻜﺲ اﻻﺳﻤﺎء اي ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ‪ Ahmad‬ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﺪل ‪: Ali‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ is‬ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ‪ are - isn't‬ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ‪ aren't‬وھﻜﺬا ‪V +s -es / .‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻧﻀﻊ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ as‬ﺑﺪل ‪ er‬اﻟﻤﻀﺎﻓﺔ ﻟﻠﺼﻔﺔ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻊ ﻣﻜﺎن ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ than‬ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ as‬وﻧﻜﻤﻞ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻲ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫او ﻧﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻋﺎدة اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ اﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺑﺎن ﻧﺤﻀﺮ ﻋﻜﺴﮭﺎ دون اي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺳﻮى ﻋﻜﺲ اﻻﺳﻤﺎء او اﻗﻄﺎب اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪2. Ali is taller than Ahmad . ……………..Ahmad is shorter than Ali .‬‬ ‫‪/‬‬ ‫‪Ahmad isn't as tall as Ali‬‬
‫_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻣﻦ ) ‪ (as ….. as‬اﻟﻰ ) ‪( more‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻣﻦ ) ‪ (as ….. as‬اﻟﻰ ) ‪ : (more‬اذا ﺑﺪأ اﻟﺴﺆال ﺑﻌﻜﺲ اﻻﺳﻤﺎء اي ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ‪ Ahmad‬ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﺪل ‪: Omar‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫اوﻻ ‪ :‬اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ ﯾﺼﺒﺢ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ‪::‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ don't‬او ‪ doesn't‬ﺗﺤﺬف ﺗﺤﺬف وﻧﻌﯿﺪ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ھﻤﺎ اﻟﻰ ‪.V +s -es‬‬ ‫‪ isn't‬ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ‪ aren't - is‬ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ‪ are‬وھﻜﺬا ‪/ .‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻧﻀﻊ ﻣﻜﺎن ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ as‬ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ more‬ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻊ ﻣﻜﺎن ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ as‬ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ than‬وﻧﻜﻤﻞ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻲ ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫او ﻧﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻋﺎدة اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ not as‬اﻟﻰ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ less‬دون اي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺳﻮى ﻋﻜﺲ اﻻﺳﻤﺎء او اﻗﻄﺎب اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪1. Omar is not as generous as Ahmad……….. ………… Ahmad is more generous than Omar.‬‬
‫‪Omar is less generous than Ahmad .‬‬
‫‪3. Ali doesn't play as quickly as Omar. ……………..……Omar plays more quickly than Ali.‬‬
‫‪37‬‬
‫‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻣﻦ ) ‪ (as ….. as‬اﻟﻰ ) ‪( er‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ ﻣﻦ ) ‪ (as ….. as‬اﻟﻰ ) ‪ : (er‬اذا ﺑﺪأ اﻟﺴﺆال ﺑﻌﻜﺲ اﻻﺳﻤﺎء اي ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ‪ Omar‬ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﺪل ‪: Ali‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ isn't‬ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ‪ aren't - is‬ﺗﺼﺒﺢ ‪ are‬وھﻜﺬا ‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪ er‬وﻧﺤﺬف ‪ as‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﻊ ﻣﻜﺎن ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ as‬ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ than‬وﻧﻜﻤﻞ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻲ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻧﻀﯿﻒ ﻟﻠﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫او ﻧﺴﺘﻄﯿﻊ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻋﺎدة اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺑﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ اﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺑﺎن ﻧﺤﻀﺮ ﻋﻜﺴﮭﺎ دون اي ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺳﻮى ﻋﻜﺲ اﻻﺳﻤﺎء او اﻗﻄﺎب اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫‪2. Ali isn't as tall as Omar. .. …………………………….. Omar is taller than Ali.‬‬
‫‪37‬‬
Ali is shorter than Omar.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
: ( as many ) ‫( و‬as much ) ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬

: ‫ﻻ ﻧﻐﯿﺮ ﺷﯿﺊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ وﻻ ﻧﺒﺪل اﻻﺳﻤﺎء وﻟﻜﻦ ﻧﻨﻔﻲ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬ ( fewer – less ) ‫ ( ﻋﻠﻰ‬as much ) - (as many ) ‫اذا دﺧﻠﺖ‬
1. There are fewer houses in my village than in their village . ( as many )
There aren't as many houses in my village as in their village .
2. Ali has less water than Omar. ( as much ) Ali doesn't have as much water as Omar .
: ‫ﻧﺒﺪل اﻻﺳﻤﺎء وﻧﻨﻔﻲ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬ ( more ) ‫ ( ﻋﻠﻰ‬as much ) - (as many ) ‫اذا دﺧﻠﺖ‬
1. My brother eats more fast food than me . ( as much )
I don't eat as much fast food as my brother .
2. There are more people in Amman than in Zarka . ( as many )
There aren't as many people in Zarka as in Amman .
Fill in the correct form of the words in brackets (comparative or superlative) :
1. Maths was ----------------------------- exam in Tawjihi. (bad)
2.Tawjihi exams is ------------------------------ school exams. ( difficult )
3. Ali is ---------------------------- at Maths than Sami . ( good )
4. Sami is -------------------------------- in the class. ( clever )
5. I live in ----------------------------- house in the city. ( expensive)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Rewrite the following sentences with ones that have similar meanings :
1. There is less information on the website than in the book. (as much)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. The cheapest thing on the menu is orange juice.
The least -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Neither Maths nor Science is as popular as English.
English --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Jordanian children start school a year later than English children.
English children -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Studying physics is not as popular as studying Biology in Britain .

Studying Biology -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. The electronic newspapers are not as acceptable as the ordinary ones.

The ordinary newspapers -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Not as many people applied for Law in 2014 CE as in 2013 CE.

In 2013 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. 11 % more people applied for Engineering in 2014 CE than in 2013 CE.
Not as many people ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. No subject is more difficult than Physics.

Physics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. I don't eat as much fast food as my brother.
My brother -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
38
12. I can't run as fast as you .
You can -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. I haven't got as much homework as my brother.
My brother -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. There are not as many people in our class as yours .
There are more ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
38
15. I don't like running as much as I like swimming.

I like -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. Students don't like doing Music and Art as much as they like doing Maths.
Students like --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. Learning Chinese is more difficult than learning English.
Learning English--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2019
18. Reading a novel is not as interesting as watching a movie.
Watching a movie -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2019
19. They want to interview as ---------------- candidates as possible for the new position.
( much - many - the most - more ) 2019
20. I am not interested in football as ---------------------- as you.
( many - more - much - less ) 2019
21. The lunch is not ready yet. We’ll have to wait a little -------------------- 2021
a. long b. the longest c. the longer d. longer
22. Yehya didn’t enjoy the book. In fact it was ---------------- interesting story he has ever read. 2021
a. the less b. the least c. the more d. the most
23. My watch is less attractive than yours.

The sentence which has a similar meaning to the one above is : 2021
A- My watch is more attractive than yours.
B- My watch is not as attractive as yours.
C- My watch is as attractive as yours.
D- My watch is the most attractive one.
24. Neither Maths nor Biology is as interesting as English. This means : 2021
A- English is less interesting than Maths and Biology.
B- English is less interesting than Maths and Biology.
C- English is less interesting than Maths and Biology.
D- English is less interesting than Maths and Biology.
25. There is less information on the website than there is in the book. 2021
A- There isn’t as much information on the website as in the book .
B- There isn’t as many information in the book as on the website .
C- There isn’t as much information in the book as on the website .
D- There isn’t as many information on the website as in the book .
26. The cheapest thing on the menu is lemon Juice. 2021
The sentence which has a similar meaning to the one above is :
A- The less expensive thing on the menu is lemon juice.
B- The most expensive thing on the menu is lemon juice.
C- The expensive thing on the menu is lemon juice.
D- The least expensive thing on the menu is lemon juice.
27. My sister doesn’t eat as much as I do. She always puts -------------- on her plate than I do. 2024
a. least b. less than c. less d. the least
28. I don’t think that geography is ------------- popular subject nowadays. 2024
a. more b. most c. the most d. the more
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Indirect Questions - ‫اﻻﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬

1. Questions is introduced with ( what , where , why , who , when , how , how much , … etc. ).
2. Yes / No – Questions
Do you know ..? ( If ) ‫ ( ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ واذا ﻟﻢ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﺆال ﻧﻀﻊ‬Wh - How ) ‫ ﻧﻀﻊ‬.1
Do you mind telling me ..? ‫ ( ﺗﺤﺬف وﻧﻜﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻲ‬do) .2
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Could you tell me … ? s / es ‫ ( ﺗﺤﺬف وﯾﻀﺎف ﻟﻠﻔﻌﻞ‬does ) .3

Could you explain .? ‫ ( ﺗﺤﺬف وﯾﺤﻮل اﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬did ) .4
I wonder …………. . ‫ ( ﻧﻌﻜﺲ اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺛﻢ ﻧﻜﻤﻞ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬do-does-did ) ‫ اذا ﻟﻢ ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬.5
‫ ﻻ ﯾﺘﻐﯿﺮ زﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ او اﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ او اﻟﻈﺮوف‬: ‫ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‬-
Can you suggest …... ?
Do you mind suggesting ..? ( V+ing ) ‫ ( ﻧﺤﻮل اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﻲ اﻟﻰ‬Yes / No ) ‫ ( ﻣﻊ اﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬Do you mind … ) ‫ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬.6
Where is he ?
( Do you mind telling me + wh.… ) ‫ ( ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬Wh-Q ) ‫ ( ﻣﻊ اﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬Do you mind … ) ‫ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬.7
Do you mind telling me where he is ?
Why is he late ? ( Do you mind explaining why …. ) ‫ ( ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬Why ) ‫ ( ﻣﻊ اﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬Do you mind … ) ‫ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬.8
Do you mind explaining why he is late ?
Please , give me a glass of water . ( Do you mind + V-ing ) ‫ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬ ( Please + V ) ‫ ( ﻣﻊ‬Do you mind … ) ‫ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام‬.8
Do you mind giving me …….. , please ?
When does the lesson end ? Do you know when the lesson ends ?
Is this the right bus for the school ? Could you tell me if /whether this is the right bus for the school?
Complete the sentences so that they mean the same as the ones above them :
1. How much sleep do teenagers of our age need ? Do you know ------------------------------------------------------------ ?
2. Is it possible to improve your memory ? Do you know -------------------------------------------------------------?
3 . Can you suggest a healthy breakfast ? Do you mind -------------------------------------------------------------?
4. Please help me to plan my revision. Do you mind -------------------------------------------------------------?
5. What should I do on the day before the exam ? Do you mind -------------------------------------------------------------?
6. Does the exam start at ten or half past ten ? ----------------- wheather --------------------------------------------------- ?
7. Could you explain the best way to revise ? I wonder ------------------------------------------------------------------?
8. How much revision should I do ? Could you tell me --------------------------------------------------------?
9. What kind of books do bookshops sell ? Could ----------------------------------------------------------------------?
10. How can I relax? Could you explain -------------------------------------------------------?
11. Are you allowed to eat sweets during the exam ? Do you know -----------------------------------------------------------?
12. Please tell me where you found that information . Do you mind -----------------------------------------------------------?
13. Where’s the post office, please ? Do you mind -----------------------------------------------------------?
14. Could you explain what you mean by "mnemonics"? What --------------------------------------------------------------?
15. Do you know how much sleep a teenager needs ? How ---------------------------------------------------------------?
16. Did she attend the meeting yesterday ? Could you tell me --------------------------------------------------------? 2019
17. How much does the cotton shirt cost ? Could you tell me ---------------------------------------------------------? 2019
18. Did she attend the meeting yesterday ? Could you tell me ---------------------------------------------------------? 2019
19. What should I do on the day before the exam ? Could you explain ---------------------------------------------------? 2020
20. How can I irrigate my plants ? Could you explain -----------------------------------------------------------------------? 2021
21. Is it impossible to learn a new language online ? Do you know whether ---------------------------------------------? 2021
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Complete the questions with words the following words :
( how - how much - if - when - where - whether - who - why )
1. Do you know ------------------ we can take water into the exam ?
2. Could you tell me ---------------------- this book costs , please ?
3. Do you know ------------------------- I've passed my exams or not ?
4. Do you mind telling me ----------------------- the library is ?
5. Could you explain ----------------------- I can solve this Maths problem ?
6. Could you possibly tell me --------------------- the Arabic teacher is ?
7. Do you know -------------- we will know our results ? 8. Do you mind explaining ----------- the sky sometimes looks red ? 40
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل اﻟﻐﯿﺮﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬ The Impersonal Passive
‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﻠﻮم‬ Active Sentences ‫اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل اﻟﻐﯿﺮ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬ Impersonal Passive
We can use the impersonal passive with:
‫ﯾﻘﻮل‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﺪﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬
40
(say = said , think = thought , claim = claimed , believe = believed

‫ﯾﺒﺮھﻦ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺮف‬ ‫ﯾﻔﺘﺮض‬ ‫ﯾﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬
prove = proved , know = known , assume = assumed , expect = expected
: ‫ ﻧﺤﻮل اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻻول ﻟﻠﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل وﯾﺒﻘﻰ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻲ‬.2 . ‫ ﻛﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪاﯾﺔ‬it ‫ﻧﻀﻊ‬.1
- Scientists say that dolphins are highly intelligent . - It is said that dolphins are highly intelligent
3. The impersonal passive can also be used with ( object + infinitive ) :
: ‫ ( ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬to ) ‫ ﻧﺤﻮل اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬.3 . ‫ ( ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‬to ) ‫ ﻧﺤﻮل اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻻول ﻟﻠﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل ﺛﻢ ﻧﻀﯿﻒ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬.2 . ‫ ( ﻛﻔﺎﻋﻞ اول‬that ) ‫ ﻧﺒﺪأ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ‬.1
1 ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ 1 ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ that 2 ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ 2 ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬

- They believe that the story is true . - The story is believed to be true.
‫ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻻول ﻟﻠﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل‬ ( to) ‫ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬
V1 / V+s ------------ ( am – is – are ) + V3 V1 / V+s --------------------------------------------- V-inf.
V2 ------------------- ( was – were ) + V3 am, is, are---------------------------------------- be
will , can, must , has to , used to ------ ( will , used to + be ) + V3 was, were --------------------------------------- have been
has / have + V3 ------------ ( has / have + been ) + V3 V2 / has +V3 / have + V3 / had +V3 ------------ have +V3
am, is, are, was, were + V-ing ---- ( am ,is ,are,was,were ) + being +V3 will + V-inf. ------------------------------------ V- inf.
doesn't + V / don't + V ----------------- ( am not ,is not ,are not ) + V3 am not , is not , are not ----------------------------- not to be
‫اﻟﺘﺤﻮﯾﻞ اﻟﻌﻜﺴﻲ‬
( that ) ‫ ﻧﺤﻀﺮ اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪ وﻧﻀﻌﮫ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬.2 . ( to ) ‫ ﻧﺤﺬف اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪ اﻟﻰ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬.1
‫ ﻧﺤﻮﻟﮫ اوﻻ ﺛﻢ ﻧﺒﺪأ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬... ‫ اذا ﻟﻢ ﯾﻜﻦ ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل ﻣﺤﻮل اﻟﻰ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮم‬.4 ‫ ( اﻟﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﮫ اﻻﺻﻠﯿﺔ‬to ) ‫ ﻧﻌﯿﺪ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﻮل ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬.1
- The brain is said to be good like a computer. - Scientists say that-------------------------------------------------------
Function : The Impersonal Passive is a formal way of reporting thoughts, sayings, beliefs and opinions .
Use the impersonal passive to report the following sentences :

1. People claim that Speaking a foreign language improves the functionality of your brain.
Speaking a foreign language, ---------------------- , improves the functionality of your brain. ( claim )
2. People believe that language learning can also improve your decision-making skills.
It ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Language learning -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. People think that we only use a small percentage of our brain power.
It ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
We ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. People believe that solving puzzles keeps the brain active.
It ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Solving puzzles --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Experts have proved that exercise is good for concentration.
It -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exercise -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Exercise has been proved to be good for concentration by experts.
Experts have proved that-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. People don't believe that making exercise makes them happy .
Making exercise ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Scientists proved that making exercise doesn't make people feel sad .
Making exercise ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
41
9. Scientists say that dolphins are highly intelligent
It ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. Scientists used to think that the Earth was flat.
The Earth -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
41
11. They think that she has written a book.

She -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. They think that you lived in London.
You ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. People think that the government was building new schools.
The government --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
14. They think that you had lived in Amman.
You ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
15. They believe that it will rain.
It ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16. The brain is said to be good like a computer.
Scientists say -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
17. Exercise has been proved to be good for concentration by experts.
Experts --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
18. Doing regular exercise is believed to reduce the risk of several diseases.
People believe -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
19. People believe that eating almonds reduces the risk of heart disease . 2016
Eating almonds --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
20. Doing regular exercise is believed to reduce the risk of several diseases. 2016
People believe that ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21. They assumed that the last Olympic Games were a great success. 2017
It ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
22. Experts have proved that eating fresh vegetables is good for the stomach. 2017
Eating fresh vegetables --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
23. My English teacher says that English clubs are essential for learning English well. 2018
English clubs --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
24. People think that success comes from hard work and learning from failure . 2019
Success --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
25. People believe that the heavy rainfall caused the devastating of the dam. 2019
The heavy rainfall --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
26. Linguists have proved that learning some languages is helpful for the learners. 2018
Learning some languages ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
27. People think that solving mathematical puzzles keeps the brain active. 2020
Solving mathematical puzzles -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
28. Exercise has been proved to be good for concentration . 2021
A- Experts had proved that exercise is good for concentration.
B- Experts have proved that exercise is good for concentration.
C- Experts have proved that exercise was good for concentration.
D- Experts have proved that exercise is to be good for concentration.
29. Too much pastry affects health negatively. 2021
A- It has believed that too much pastry is to be affected health negatively.
B- It was believed that too much pastry had affected health negatively.
C- It is believed that too much pastry affects health negatively.
D- It had believed that too much pastry will affect health negatively.
42
Wish = If only
1. Unreal past forms for past regrets : ( S + wish or If only + Past Perfect - had + V3 )
express regrets about the past
2. Unreal past forms for present wishes : ( S + wish or If only + Past Simple - V2 )
42
express wishes about the present

NOTE: We usually say ( I wish / If only + were. )
Rule Wish – If only : ( express regrets about the past )
V2 ------------------------------------------------- hadn't + V3 I slept too long. I wish I hadn't slept so long.

didn't + V-inf. ---------------------------------- had + V3 I didn't do ……. If only I had done ….
wasn't – weren't ---------------------------------- had been I wasn't successful. I wish I had been successful.
Rule Wish – If only : ( express wishes about the present )
V1 / V-s --------------------------------------- didn't + V-inf. We live in a small flat I wish we didn't live ……
don't / doesn't + V-inf. --------------------------------- V2 I don't know the answer. I wish I knew the answer.
am / is / are ----------------------------------------- weren't He is far from here. He wishes he weren't far
am not / isn't / aren't ----------------------------------- were He is not tall enough. He wishes he were taller.
regret + V-ing ---------------------------------- hadn't + V3 I regret being angry ------- I wish I hadn't been angry.
regret + not + V-ing --------------------------- had + V3 I regret not being happy. ---- I wish I had been happy.
should have + V3 ------------------------------ had + V3 He should have been careful. – He wishes he had been ….
shouldn't have + V3 --------------------------- hadn't + V3 He shouldn't have been careless. He wishes he hadn't been ..
‫ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ اﻻﻓﻌﺎل‬
can couldn't can't could
will wouldn't won't would
have + V3 / has + V3 hadn't + V3 must hadn't to
have to / has to = V1 didn't have to mustn't had to
have / has = V1 didn't have old , tall older , taller
too , very so good , well better
1. I didn't do much work for my exam. I wish I ---------------------------------------------------------------------

2. We didn't catch the earlier bus. If only ----------------------------------------------------------------------
3. I slept too long. I wish -----------------------------------------------------------------------
4.These shoes hurt my feet. I wish I ------------------------------------------ these shoes. ( not buy)
5. I don't know the answer. I wish ------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. We live in a small flat . I wish ----------------------------------------------------- in a bigger flat.
7. He is not tall enough. He wishes -------------------------------------------------------------------
8. We aren't old enough . If only ------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. We don't study hard. I wish -------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. We visited the museum . I wish -------------------------------------------------------------------------
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. Ali did not pass his exams. If only he ----------------------- harder last year. (study)
2. Ziad is not very good at basketball. He wishes he ------------------------- taller! ( be )
3. We didn't catch the earlier bus. We’re late. If only we ---------------------- the earlier bus. ( catch)
4. Our flat is very small. If only we ---------------------- in a big house. ( live )
5. Jaber isn’t old enough to drive a car. He wishes he -------------------------- older. ( be )
6. I wish I ------------------------------------ English better when I was younger. (learn)
7. I regret that I made an accident. I wish I ---------------------------- fast. (not drive)
8. Ziad did not know about Chinese culture . He wishes he ------------------ a cultural awareness course. (do)
9. It was too hot to go to the beach yesterday. If only it -------------------------------------------- cooler. (be)
10. I feel ill. I wish I ----------------------------- so many sweets! (not eat)
43
Read the situations and complete the sentences :

1. Sultan forgot to do his Science homework.
If only he ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ to do it.
2. Nahla could not find her way round the city very easily.
43
If only she ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ a map.

3. Oh no! I’ve forgotten my library book. I left it at home.
I wish I ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .
4. Our team didn’t play very well yesterday.
If only they ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- better.
5. I regret going to bed late last night.
I wish I ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------earlier.
6. Samia regrets being angry at breakfast time.
If only -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. If only I had concentrated properly in class today. This homework is really difficult.
I --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Nader should have been more careful with his essay. He didn’t get a good mark.
Nader wishes ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. I wish I had learnt English better when I was younger.
If -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. I should have studied hard before the exam.
I wish --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. I regret I didn’t study English when I was young.
I wish --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. I didn’t take piano lessons when I was a child. I wish I ----------------------------------------------------------
13. I didn’t visit England last summer. I wish I ---------------------------------------------------------
14. I didn’t read more classic novels in Grade 11. I wish I ---------------------------------------------------------
15. I didn’t visit my grand parents yesterday. I wish I ---------------------------------------------------------
16. I didn’t help my mother more in the kitchen. I wish I ---------------------------------------------------------
17. Nader should have been more careful with his essay. He didn’t get a good mark.
Nader wishes ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. 2016
18. I regret living abroad for a long time .
I wish ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2016
19. I regret speaking aloud in my class .
I wish ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2017
20. Mohammad didn't consult his career advisor, so he felt sorry.
I wish ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2017
21. I didn’t do much work for my exam.
I wish ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2019
22. Jamal didn’t prepare well for the exam. He didn’t get a good mark.
If only ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2019
23. Maha regrets being angry at breakfast time.
If only ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2020
24. I ate too much and now I have a stomachache.
I wish ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2020
44
1. Ziad is not very good at basketball. He wishes he -------------------- taller! ( is / were / was )
2. I can’t do this exercise. I wish I --------------- it. ( understood / understand / understanding)
3. Mr Haddad does not understand the Chinese businessman . If only he -------------------------------- Chinese..
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( speak / spoke / had spoken)

4. Jordan needs to import a lot of oil.
If only it ----------------------------- larger oil reserves. ( has / had / had had )
5. If only I ------------------------------ lost my ticket! ( haven’t / didn’t / hadn’t )
6. I always have to get home early. 2018
I wish my parents ------------------------ me stay out later. ( lets / won't let / would let / will let )
7. I didn't wake up early and I missed my bus. 2018
I wish I ------------------------------------------- early. ( wake up / wakes up / had waken up / have waken up}
8. Rami didn’t play basketball very well. 2019
He wishes he -------------------------- a professional player. ( becomes - will become - become – had become )
9. I’m sorry I made you angry last night. 2019
I wish I -------------------------------------- at you. ( hadn’t shouted - hasn’t shouted - am not shouting – don’t shout)
10. I wish I ----------------------------my pen. I had to buy one from the library. 2020
( has forgotten - hasn’t forgotten - had forgotten – hadn’t forgotten
11. Muna was right and I was wrong. 2020
I wish I -------------------------------------- to her. ( has listened - hasn’t listened - had listened – hadn’t listened )
12. I can’t do this exercise. 2021
I wish I -------------------------------------------- it. ( understand - had understood - understood – have understood )
13. I wish we had got up earlier. This means : 2021
A. We didn’t get up earlier, and now we are not late. B. We don’t get up earlier, and now we were late.
C. We didn’t get up earlier, and now we are late. D. We don’t get up earlier, and now we aren’t late.
14. I don’t know how to use Zoom application for meeting. The similar meaning is ---------- : 2021
A. If only I have known how to use Zoom application. B. If only I had known how to use Zoom application.
C. If only I knew how to use Zoom application. D. If only I know how to use Zoom application.
15. I feel a bit confused because I stayed late at night. 2021
I wish I -------------------------- late at night. ( hadn’t stayed - had haven’t stayed - had stayed – stayed )
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________
Use the prompts and write sentences with ( I wish and If only ).
1. I’m cold. I wish I ------------------------------------------------------------------- . ( bring a coat)
2. We’re late. If only -------------------------------------------------------------------- . ( get up earlier )
3. I feel ill. If only -------------------------------------------------------------------- . ( not eat so many sweets )
4. Fadi has lost his wallet. I wish ------------------------------------------------------ . ( be more careful )
5. Huda was too busy to visit us yesterday. I wish she------------------------------ . ( be able to come )
6. I’ve broken my watch. If only ----------------------------------------------------- . ( not drop it )
7. I am very hungry! I wish I ------------------- before I went to the conference. ( not eat )
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Complete the sentences with words from the box.
( had (x2) hadn’t if only wish )
1. I couldn’t understand anything. --------------- only I’d studied Chinese!
2. Ibrahim was right and I was wrong. I wish I --------------------------listened to him.
3. I ------------------- I’d known more about the company. If ------------------ I’d done some research!
4. I am very hungry! I wish I ---------------------------- eaten before I went to the conference.
5. I regret the deal now. I wish we ------------------------- done it.
45
Complete the sentences using the correct form of the following prompts :
( be older - have a camera with me - live in a big house )
( not have a headache - not be so far away - like the same things )
45
1. Our flat is very small.

If only -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
2. Jaber isn’t old enough to drive a car.
He wishes he ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. My brother and I never want to watch the same TV programme.
I wish we -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. I’m looking at a beautiful view, and I’d love to take a photo.
If only I -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. My cousins don’t live near here.
I wish they ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. I want to go out this afternoon, but I don’t feel well.
If only I -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
__________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________
27. Conditional Sentences

1. Zero Conditional
If Clause - Zero Main Clause ‫ﺣﻘﯿﻘﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻻ ﺗﺘﻐﯿﺮ‬
If + S + Simple Present ( V1) If + S + Simple Present ( V1)

- S + V-inf. ( I , we , you , they , plural ) - S + V-inf. ( I , we , you , they , plural )
- S + V + s /es ( he , she , it , singular ) - S + V + s /es ( he , she , it , singular )

- S + don’t + V-inf. ( I , we , you , they , plural ) - S + don’t + V-inf. ( I , we , you , they , plural )
- S + doesn’t + V-inf. ( he , she , it , singular ) - S + doesn’t + V-inf. ( he , she , it , singular )
- be = am , is , are - be = am , is , are
- (not be ) = am not , isn't , aren't - (not be ) = am not , isn't , aren't
1. If you boil water , it ------------------------------. (evaporate)
2. If plants ----------------- enough sunlight, they die. (not , get)

3. Water -------------------- to ice if the temperature falls below zero. (turn)
4. If you push this button , the video -------------------- . (play)
5.You get a huge feeling of satisfaction when you know that people --------- everything you translate. (understand)
6.When you --------------------- water to 100°C, it boils. (heat)
7.Do you usually go home or meet your friends when school ---------------- ? (finish)
8.If you ---------------------- the plants, they die. (not water)
9.During Ramadan, we eat when the sun ------------------- . ( set )
10.Ice cream melts when it ----------------------- warm.. ( get)
11.Plants die if they ----------------------------- enough sunlight. (not , get)
21. Rawan always takes her mobile when she -------------------------- ( go out )
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2. First Conditional :
If Clause - I Main Clause ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ اﻟﺤﺪوث‬
Subject + will / won't ( modals ) + infinitive
46
If + S + Simple Present 'll / will not

( V1 / Vs-es / don't – doesn't ) be = will be / (not be ) = won't be
be = am , is , are / (not be ) = am not , isn't , aren't
1. provided that - unless - as long as - Even if ‫ وﻟﻜﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬if ‫ادوات اﺧﺮى ﻟﮭﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻗﺎﻋﺪة‬
‫ﺑﺸﺮط ان‬ ‫اذا ﻟﻢ – ﻣﺎ ﻟﻢ‬ ‫طﺎﻟﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻮ‬
1. If Sami studies hard , he ---------------------- all his exams . (pass)

2. If you -------------an interview for a job in pharmaceuticals, you will need to show real enthusiasm for the industry. (get)
3. I’ll buy the book if / provided tha t /as long as it ------------- too expensive. (not be)
4. I --------------------- it if it is too expensive . (not, buy)
5. If Sami studies hard , he ------------------ all his exams . (pass)

6. Unless you have a language degree, you ---------------- able to become an interpreter. (not be)
7. If you get an interview for a job, you ------------------- to show that you have good listening skills. (need)
8. If you are successful, it ---------------------- a secure and rewarding job. (be)
9. When you arrive at the station next Saturday, we ---------------- there to meet you. (be)
10. Nasser will come out with us tomorrow unless he -----------------help his father. ( have to)
11. I ---------------- you with your homework, as long as you help me with mine! ( help)
12. Provided that it ----------------- , we will have a picnic next week. (not rain)
13. If you win the prize, how -------------- you ------------ the money? (spend)
14. Even if Omar ----------- his driving test this afternoon, he won't have his own car. (pass)
15. You will not pass your exams unless you --------------------- hard. (study)
16. Your new computer will last a long time as long as you --------------- careful with it. (be)
17. I ----------------------- you if I miss the bus. (phone)
18. We’ll go to our favourite restaurant on Friday unless it ----------------- closed. ( be )
19. I will take the job offer provided that it------ part-time – I haven’t finished my university studies yet.. ( be)
20. We have to go to school even if we ---------------- tired. ( be)
21. We ------------------ umbrellas if it rains (need)
22. The teacher ----------------- pleased if I write a good essay. (be)
23. Provided that everyone ------------------- hard, we’ll all pass our exams.. (work)
24. Babies --------------------- usually happy unless they’re hungry or cold. (be)
25. We should always be polite even if we --------------------- tired. (feel)
26. Rawan always takes her mobile when she -------------------------- ( go out ) 2017
27. Ali will be upset, If you ------------------------ him to your party. ( not, invite ) 2018
28. You won't get a job in France unless you ---------------------- French.
a. speak b. speaks c. is speaking d. spoke 2018
47
3. The Third conditional ( Type 3 ) : The third sequence refers to a condition which was not met in the past :
If Clause – Type 3 Main Clause - ‫اﻟﺨﯿﺎل‬
47
If + S + had + P.P ( V3 ) S + would have / could have / might have (not ) + P.P ( V3 )
hadn't + PP (V3) ‫ﺗﺎﻛﺪ‬ ‫ ﻗﺪرة‬- ‫ﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫رﺑﻤﺎ‬ ( less sure )
1. I --------------------------- the job if I had had some experience. (get)

2. If you had done the course, you ------------------------- enough experience to apply for the job. (had)
3. If Huda ------------- ill yesterday, she wouldn’t have missed the exam. ( not be)
4. If my father had gone to university, he -------------------- a teacher. ( can be)
5. Jameel might not have become a musician if his parents ----------------------- him. ( not encourage)
Read the situations and complete the sentences with the third conditional, using the word in brackets.
Sentence ( Fact ) If Clause ( Imagination )

1. S + V2 …. , so + didn't + V-inf 1. If + S + hadn't V3 …..…., S + would / could (might) have + V3
2. S + didn't + V-inf , so + V2 …. 2. If + S + had V3 …….…., S + would / could (might) not + have + V3
3. S + didn't + v-inf , so + didn't + V-inf 3. If + S + had V3 ……..…., S + would / could (might) have + V3
4. S + V2 . S + V2 4. If + S + hadn't + V3 …...., S + would / could (might) not + have + V3
1. Saeed left his camera at home, so he wasn’t able to take pictures of the parade. (could)
If Saeed hadn’t left his camera at home, he could have taken pictures of the parade.
If Saeed hadn’t left his camera at home, he could have been able to take pictures of the parade.
2. I had a headache yesterday, and I didn’t do well in the Maths test. (might)
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3. I didn’t know your phone number, so I wasn’t able to contact you. (could)
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4. You had a brightly-coloured T-shirt on. That’s how I noticed you in the crowd. (might not)
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5. I worked really hard the day before the exam. I got top marks. (might not)
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6. I didn't stay at home that day, so I didn't miss the celebration. (would)
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7. My friend invited me to the library, so I went. (would not )
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8. Saleem left his wallet at home, so he wasn’t able to purchase his necessary items. (could) 2016
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9. I studied really hard the day before the final exams. I achieved the first rank in my class. (might not) 2016
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10. Sami didn't apply immedietly for the scholarship, so he didn't get it . ( if , could ) 2016
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11. Marwan worked really hard the day before the exam. He got top marks. ( if / might not) 2017
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12. The company didn't know your phone number, so they weren't able to contact you. ( if / might) 2017
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Change the following sentences into facts :
( hadn't + V3 = V2 ) / ( wouldn't , couldn't , mightn't have + V3 = V2 )
( had + V3 = didn't + V-inf. ) / ( would , could , might have + V3 = didn't + V-inf. )
1. If I hadn’t come to this school, I could have taken English.

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2. If I hadn’t grown up in this city, I might have learnt French.
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Using "Unless" : ( Unless = If …… not ) (‫ﻋﺪد اﻻﻓﻌﺎل اﻟﻤﻨﻔﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺴﺆال واﻟﺠﻮاب ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻌﺪد ) ﻧﻔﻲ اﻟﻨﻔﻲ اﺛﺒﺎت‬
48
Sentence If Clause
1. If + V1/Vs …. , S + will +V-inf 1. Unless + S + Vi/Vs …..…., S + won't + V-inf.
2. If + S+ doesn't/don't + v-inf , S + won't 2. Unless + S + V1/Vs..…….., S + won't + V-inf.
3. If + S+ doesn't/don't + v-inf , S + will 3. Unless + S + V1/Vs..…….., S + will + V-inf.
1. If you study hard, you will pass your exam.

Unless ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. If you don't water the plants, they will die .
Unless ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. If I don't write a good essay, the teacher won't be pleased.
Unless ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. If our team wins the match, they won't leave the stadium.
Unless ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Unless you study hard, you won't succeed.
If ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Unless you are clever, you will fail.
If ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. If I travel a lot, I will buy many things.
Even if --------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. I’ll buy the book if it isn’t too expensive.
Even if ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___
1. ------------------- you heat water to 100°C, it boils. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
2. You will not pass your exams ----------- you study hard. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
3. ----------- you don't water the plants, they will die. ( If , unless , when , even if )
4. Do you usually go home or meet your friends -------- school finishes. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
5. Your new computer will last a long time -------you are careful with it. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
6. Ice cream melts -------------it gets warm. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
7. We need umbrellas -------------- it rains. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
8. The teacher will be pleased ----------- I write a good essay. ( if , unless , when , even if )
9. Our team will celebrate --------- they win the match. ( if , unless , when , even if )
10. --------------- everyone works hard, we’ll all pass our exams. (Provided that , Unless , When , Even if )
11. Babies are usually happy --------- they’re hungry or cold. (as long as – provided that – unless – if ) 2018
12. We should always be polite ---------- we feel tired. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
13. During Ramadan, Muslims eat ------------ the sun sets. (as long as , unless , when , even if ) 2018
14. I'll phone you ------------I miss the bus , so that you pick. ( if , unless , when , even if )
15. We'll go out to our favourite restaurant ------------ it's closed. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
16. I'll take the job offer ------ it's part time – I haven't finished my university studies yet (provided that , unless , when , even if )
17. We have to go to school ---------- we're tired. (as long as , unless , when , even if )
18. Haneen is in danger of losing her position in the company --------she works harder. 2023
( as long as , unless , if , when )
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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49
‫‪50‬‬
‫‪Comprehension‬‬
‫‪50‬‬
The article states three ( reasons , results , benefits , ways , examples , . Write down these two / three ……………..
The text mentions two factors , effects , advantages , disadvantages , . Mention them. / write them down
The writer explains some solutions , steps , characteristics , kinds , aspects ) . What are they ?
suggests many
4. Quote the sentence which indicates (shows / states / tells) that --------- . Write down the sentence…….. ( ‫ اﻛﺘﺐ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ذات اﻟﻔﻜﺮة اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ او ) ! ( او ) ؟‬.
5. Find a word / a phrasal verb which means …………. . / which have the same meaning of …………
Replace the underlined word / phrasal verb --------------------- with the same meaning .
6. What does the underlined pronoun "it" / he , him , his / they / she , her …… refer to ?
I , we ----------- the speaker / you ------------ the reader
7. It is said that ………………………. . Explain this statement , and in two sentences, write down your point of view.
( Why ) ‫ ( او‬How ) ‫اطﺮح ﺳﺆال اﻣﺎ ب‬
Answer : I think ------------------------------------------ because + S + V ------------------------------------------------------ .
Also , -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
8. Suggest three possible --------- / Mention three --------------- ( reasons / results / advantages / disadvantages / ways …. )
‫اﻗﺘﺮاﺣﺎت ﻋــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــﺎﻣﺔ‬
I suggest :
- Feeling more satisfied with life
- Thinking positively. - Increasing awareness - Using social media
- Dealing with this subject wisely . - Developing skills - Saving time and effort
- Making a lot of effort - Developing abilities - Getting better job opportunities
- Trying hard - Decreasing -------------- - Helping ----------
- Keeping trying - Increasing --------------- - Developing ------------
- Preparing - Overcoming life challenging - Using / strengthening / regulating
_______________________________________________________________________________________
1. Technology is just a tool. In terms of getting the kids working together and motivating
them, the teacher is the most important .
Bill Gates ( 1955 CE ) .
.‫وﻟﻜﻦ ﯾﺒﻘﻰ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ ھﻮ اﻷھﻢ‬, ، ‫ ﻣﻦ ﺣﯿﺚ ﺟﻌﻞ اﻷطﻔﺎل ﯾﻌﻤﻠﻮن ﻣﻌًﺎ وﺗﺤﻔﯿﺰھﻢ‬.‫اﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﯿﺎ ھﻲ ﻣﺠﺮد أداة‬
He refers to technology as a tool because he is emphasizing that it is useful and effective way of
involving children . However, in term of making sure children learn or ensuring children's
social development, teachers cannot be replaced . They are the most important contributors to a
person's education. But of course they can use technology to help.
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎت ﻣﮭﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬
ways ‫طﺮق‬ methods ‫طﺮق‬ reasons ‫اﺳﺒﺎب‬ causes ‫اﺳﺒﺎب‬ advantages disadvantages
results ‫ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ solutions ‫ﺣﻠﻮل‬ factors ‫ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ‬ suggestions ‫اﻗﺘﺮاح‬ differences ‫اﺧﺘﻼف‬ facilities ‫ﻣﻨﺸﺎت‬
difficulties ‫ﺻﻌﻮﺑﺎت‬ problems ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ punishments‫ﻋﻘﺎب‬ achievements‫اﻧﺠﺎزات‬ skills ‫ﻣﮭﺎرات‬ changes ‫ﺗﻐﯿﺮات‬
features ‫ﻣﯿﺰات‬ qualities ‫ﺻﻔﺎت‬ aims ‫اھﺪاف‬ characteristics ‫ﻣﯿﺰات‬ ideas ‫اﻓﻜﺎر‬ aspects ‫ﻣﺠﺎﻻت‬
troubles ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ‬ ‫ ظﺮوف‬conditions examples ‫اﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ kinds ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ types ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ consequences
objectives ‫اھﺪاف‬ goals / purposes describe ‫ﯾﺼﻒ‬ influence ‫ﯾﺆﺛﺮ‬ effects / impact reasons / causes
text ‫ﻧﺺ‬ paragraph ‫ﻓﻘﺮة‬ word ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ find ‫اوﺟﺪ‬ quote ‫اﻗﺘﺒﺲ‬ indicate ‫ﯾﺸﯿﺮ اﻟﻰ‬
tell ‫ﯾﺨﺒﺮ‬ show ‫ﯾﺒﯿﻦ‬ state ‫ﺗﺒﯿﻦ‬ prefer ‫ﯾﻔﻀﻞ‬ sentence ‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ‬ underlined ‫ﺗﺤﺘﮫ ﺧﻂ‬
write down ‫اﻛﺘﺐ‬ justify ‫ﻋﻠﻞ‬ suggest ‫اﻗﺘﺮح‬ mention ‫اذﻛﺮ‬ according ‫وﻓﻘﺎ ل‬ following ‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬
describe ‫اوﺻﻒ‬ mean ‫ﯾﻌﻨﻲ‬ steps ‫ﺧﻄﻮات‬ view ‫ﻧﻈﺮة‬
51
The History of computers
51
When you are using a computer, think about the technology that is needed for it (the computer) to work. People
have been using types of computers for thousands of years. A metal machine was found on the seabed in
Greece that was more than 2,000 years old. It is believed that this was the first ever computer.
1. The first ever computer in the world = A metal machine.
2. How old was the first ever computer in the world ? = 2000 years old
3. Where was it found ? = On the seabed in Greece.
4. How old have people been using computers ? = For thousands of years
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In the 1940s, ( 40 – 49 ) technology had developed enough for inventors to make ( the first generation of
modern computers;) one such model was so large that it needed a room that was 167 square meters to
accommodate it. During that decade, ( 40 – 49 ) scientists in England developed ( the first computer
program.) It took 25 minutes to complete one calculation. (slow ) In 1958 CE, the computer ship was
developed.
1. Mention two inventions in 1940s .
a. The first generation of modern computers : disadvantage = large : evidence = it needed a room ……
b. The first computer program : disadvantage = slow : evidence = it took 25………. …..
2. In 1958 = a computer chip
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The first computer game was produced in 1962CE, followed two years later by the computer mouse. In
1971 CE, the floppy disk was invented, which meant that information could be shared between computers.
The first PC (personal computer) was produced in 1974CE, so people could by computers to use at home.
- 1962 = The first computer game - 1964 = The computer mouse
- 1971 : the floppy disk : aim / goal / purpose = information could be shared between computers
- 1974 : The first PC . ( reason …………,so …………..result )
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In 1983 CE, people could buy a laptop for the first time. Then, in 1990 CE, the British scientist Tim
Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web. It was not until 2007 CE that the first smartphone appeared.
Today most people used their mobile phones every day.
1. In 1983 CE, = a laptop / In 1990 CE, = the World Wide Web. / In 2007 CE , = the first Smartphone
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What will happen in the future? You can already buy watches which can do the same as mobile phones.
Scientists have also developed glasses that are capable of doing even more than this.
1. Two modern inventions :
a. watches b. glasses
What is the difference between watches and glasses ?
Watches can do the same as mobile phones / glasses can do more than mobile phones . )
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Life is going to see further changes in computer technology. It is likely that all aspects of everyday
life will rely on a computer program, from how we travel to how our homes are heated.
1. Two aspects will rely on a computer program in the future =
1. how we travel 2. how our homes are heated
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Word Meaning in English Word Meaning in English

access to find information PC A personal computer
blog an online diary floppy disk A piece of plastic used to store information
calculation Using Maths to work out numbers program Instructions making a computer work
computer chip A small piece found inside a computer rely on To have trust in something or someone
smartphone A mobile phone that connects to the internet World Wide Web the internet
52
Using Technology in Class
52
Young people love learning, but they like learning even more if they are presented with information in an interesting
and challenging way. Today, I am going to give a talk about how you can use technology in Jordanian classrooms.
1. Two characteristics for the way of presenting information : a. interesting b. challenging
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Many classrooms now use a whiteboard as a computer screen. As a consequence, teachers can show
websites on the board in front of the class. Teachers can then use the internet to show educational
programmes, play educational games, music, recording of languages, and so on.
1. Reason : Using a whiteboard Result : Teachers can show websites on the board in front of the class
2. How do teachers use the whiteboard ? 1. Show websites 2: Use the internet
3. Mention the consequences = results = benefits = purposes of using the internet on the whiteboard at schools ?
= 1. show educational programmes 2. play educational games. 3. play music 4. recording of languages
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In some countries, tablet computers are available for students to use in class. Therefore, students can use
the tablets to tasks such as showing photographs, researching information, recording interviews, and
creating diagrams. Tablets are ideal for pair and group work.
1. Mention the benefits of using tablet computer : ( tasks )
1. showing photographs 2. researching information 3. recording interviews 4. creating diagrams.
2. Tablets are ideal for two things : 1. pair work 2. group work.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Teachers can perhaps ask their students to start writing a blog ( an online diary), either about their own lives
or as if they were someone famous. They can also create a website for the classroom. Students can
contribute to the website, so for example they can post work, photos and messages.
1. Students can write a blog about two things : 1. Their own lives 2. As if they were someone famous.
2. The benefits of creating a website : 1. Post work 2. Post photos 3. Post messages
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Most young people communicate through social media, but which they send each other photos and
messages via the internet. Some students like to send messages that are under 140 letters for anyone to read.
Teachers can ask students to summarise information about what they have learnt in class in the same way. If
students learn to summerise quickly, they will be able to use this skill in the future.
1. Benefits of using social media by young people : / Ways of using social media by young people:
1. send each other photos 2. Send each other messages via the internet.
2. Benefits of summarizing quickly by students : result : They will be able to use this skill in the future.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We all like to send emails, don't we ? Email exchanges are very useful in the classroom. Teachers can ask
students to email what they have learnt to students of a similar age at another school. They could even email
students in another country. As a result, students can then share information and help each other with tasks.
1. Benefits (results ) of using email exchange in the process of learning : 1. share information 2.help each other with tasks.
2. Where can email exchange be useful ? 1. at another school 2. in another country
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Another way of communicating with other schools is talking to people over the computer. Most computers
have cameras, so you can also see the people you are talking to. In this way, students who are studying
English in Jordan can see what students in England are doing in the classroom while they are speaking to
them. You can also use this system to invite guest speakers to give talks over a computer. For example,
scientists or teachers from another country could give a lesson to the class. If you had this type of lesson, the
students would be very excited.
1. Two ways of communicating with other schools : 1. Email exchange 2. talking to people over the computer
2. What is the result of taking a lesson by teacher from another country :The students would be very excited.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Students often use computers at home if they have them. Students can use social media on their computer to
help them with their studies, including asking other students to check and compare their work, asking
questions and sharing ideas. The teacher must be part of the group, too, to monitor what is happening.
Thank you for listening . Does any one have any questions ?
1. The benefits of using social media by students :
1. check and compare their work 2. asking questions 3. sharing ideas.
2. The role of the teacher when students use social media :
They must be part of the group to monitor what is happening. 53
53
Key Word Meaning in English Arabic

blog A personal website or web page, ( an online diary ) ‫ﺳﺠﻞ ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬
email exchange A series of emails between two or more people ‫ﺗﺒﺎدل اﻻﯾﻤﯿﻼت‬
post To put a message on the internet ‫ﯾﺮﺳﻞ‬
social media Social interaction between people and communities on websites or blogs ‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻻﻋﻼم‬
tablet computer A mobile computer, with a touch screen ‫ﻛﻤﺒﯿﻮﺗﺮ ﻟﻮﺣﻲ‬
white board A touch screen computer ‫اﻟﺴﺒﻮرة‬
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Internet of Things

Everyone knows that the internet connects people, but now it does more than that-
it connects objects, too. These days, computers often communicate with each other, for example, your TV
automatically downloads your favourite TV show, or your 'sat nav' system tells you where you are. This is
known as the 'Internet of Things', and there's a lot more to come.
1. The internet connects two things . Mention them. 1. People 2. Objects
2. Examples : 1. TV automatically downloads your favourite TV shows.
2. 'Sat nav' system tells you where you are.
3. Find a word in the paragraph which means "speak to " . Communicate
4. What does 'The internet of Things' mean ? The connections between different computers.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In just a few years' time, experts say that billions of machines will be connected to each other and to the
internet. As a consequence, computers will increasingly run our lives for us. For example, your fridge will
know when you need more milk and add it to your online shopping list; your window will close if it is
likely to rain; your watch will record your heart rate and email your doctor; and your sofa will tell you
when you need to stand up and get some exercise.
1. Reason : billions of machines will be connected to each other and to the internet
Result : computers will increasingly run our lives for us
2. Examples about the Internet of Things in the future :
1. your fridge : will know when you need more milk and add it to your online shopping list
2. your window : will close if it is likely to rain
3. your watch : will record your heart rate and email your doctor
4. your sofa : will tell you when you need to stand up and get some exercise.
3. 3. How will the 'Internet of Things' help you to keep fit, according to the text ?
The sofa will tell you when to get some exercise.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Many people are excited about the ' Internet of Things' . For them, a dream is coming true. They say that
our lives will be easier and more comfortable. However, others are not so sure. They want to keep control
of their own lives and their own things. In addition, they wonder what would happen if criminals managed
to access their passwords and security settings. The dream could easily become a nightmare!
1. Many people are excited / satisfied / sure about the Internet of Things. Why ? Explain.
They say that our lives will be easier and more comfortable.
2. Other people are not excited / not satisfied /not sure about the Internet of Things . Why ?
1. They want to keep control of their own lives and their own things.
2. They wonder what would happen if criminals managed to access their passwords and security settings .
3. The word "others" means : Other people
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Complementary Medicine
Most doctors used to be sceptical about the validity of homoeopathy, acupuncture and other forms
of complementary medicine. If patients wanted to receive this kind of non-conventional treatment,
they used to have to consult a private practitioner who was likely not to have a medical degree.
However, in recent years, the perception of this type of treatment has changed. These days, many
family doctors study complementary medicine alongside conventional treatment, and many
complementary medicine consultants also have medical degrees.
1. Mention two kinds = forms = types of complementary medicine . 1. homoeopathy 2. acupuncture
54
54
2. Two evidences that the perception of this type of treatment (complemantary medicine ) has changed .
a- Many family doctors study complementary medicine alongside conventional treatment .
b- Many complementary medicine consultants also have medical degrees.
3. Two kinds of doctors patients consult them receive complementary treatment .
a- A private practitioner who was likely not to have a medical degree. ( in the past )
b- Complementary medicine consultants who have medical degrees. ( in recent years )
4. complementary medicine = non-conventional treatment
conventional treatment = modern medicine
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Whereas critics used to say that there was not scientific evidence that non-conventional treatments actually
worked, now it is more common for medical experts to recognize that conventional medicine may not
always be the only way to treat an ailment .
1. Critics opinions about complementary medicine in the past (used to ) and in the present (now) :
- In the past : They say that there was not scientific evidence that non-conventional treatments actually worked.
- In the present : It is more common for medical experts to recognize that conventional medicine may not always be
the only way to treat an ailment .
- ailments = medical complaints = medical conditions = illnesses = diseases
- Why did medical experts change their opinion about complementary medicine ?
Because they recognized that conventional medicine may not always be the only way to treat an ailment .
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At a surgery in London, 70% of patients who were offered the choice between a herbal or a conventional
medicine for common complaints such as insomnia, arthritis and migraines chose the herbal remedy. Fifty
percent said that the treatment helped. One doctor said, " I now consider homoeopathy to be a viable option
for many different conditions, including anxiety, depression and certain allergies. It provides another option
when conventional medicine does not address the problem adequately."
1. Two choices were offered to patients to be treated :
1. Herbal 2. Conventional medicine (modern medicine)
2. Mention six complaints = conditions = ailments :
(insomnia , arthritis , migraines , anxiety , depression and certain allergies. )
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
However, complementary medicine cannot be used for all medical treatments. It can never substitute for
immunizations as it will not produce the antibodies needed to protect against childhood diseases. It also
cannot be used to protect against malaria .
1. Why cannot complementary medicine be used for all medical treatments ? Two reasons :
A - It can never substitute for immunizations . ( inefficient )
Why ? As it will not produce the antibodies needed to protect against childhood diseases.
B - It also cannot be used to protect against malaria .
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One doctor said, " I will always turn to conventional treatment first to ensure that no underlying condition is
missed. However, the idea of complementary treatments is no longer an alien concept. In my opinion, it
should work alongside modern medicine, and not against it."
acupuncture A system of complementary medicine in which fine needles are inserted in the skin at specific points. ‫اﻟﻮﺧﺰ ﺑﺎﻻﺑﺮ‬
( Medicine which uses needles )
ailment illness ‫ اﻋﺘﻼل‬-‫ﻣﺮض‬
allergy A reaction of the immune system when it is sensitive to something. ( sneezing ) ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺳﯿﺔ‬
arthritis A disease causing painful inflammation and stiffness of the joints . ‫اﻟﺘﮭﺎب اﻟﻤﻔﺎﺻﻞ‬
herbal remedy Amixture of a plant used to prevent or cure disease . ‫اﻟﻌﻼج ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺸﺎب‬
homoeopathy a system of complementary medicine in which illnesses are treated by minute doses of ‫اﻟﻌﻼﺟﺎت‬
herbs and other natural substances ( alternative medicine ) (‫) اﻋﺸﺎب‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﻤﻠﺔ‬
immunisation The process in which an individual's immune system becomes protected against illness ‫ ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ‬- ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺼﯿﻦ‬
( using drugs to protect against illness )
malaria A dangerous disease transmitted by mosquitoes . ‫ﻣﻼرﯾﺎ‬
migraine A very bad headache 55 ‫اﻟﺼﺪاع اﻟﻨﺼﻔﻲ‬
55
Are happier people healthier – and, If so, why ?

It's normal to feel a bit blue from time to time. However, studies show that negative emotions can harm the body
1. What is the effect of negative emotions on health ? Negative emotions can harm the body
2. Quote the sentence which indicates that it is natural for people to feel sad.
It's normal to feel a bit blue from time to time.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Anger can also have harmful effects on health. When you see red, your blood pressure is raised
and you suffer from headaches, sleep problems and digestive problems. However, what about
positive feelings and attitudes? Until recently, scientists had not investigated whether there is a link
between positive feelings and good health.
1. Mention some examples about negative emotions . a. anger b. see red c. feel a bit blue
2. Mention four effects ( symptoms ) of anger and stress (see red ) on health :
a. Your blood pressure is raised b. You suffer from headaches. c. sleep problems d. digestive problems
3. What is the opposite of positive feelings and attitude ? Negative emotions
4. Write down the sentence that shows there is no relationship between positive feelings and good health.
"Until recently, scientists had not investigated whether there is a link between positive feelings and good health."
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then, in a study that followed more than 6000 men and women aged 25 – 74 for 20 years ,
researchers found the positivity reduced the risk of heart disease. Other factors influencing health
included a supportive network of family and friends, and an optimistic outlook on life.
1. What is the result of positivity on health ? Positivity reduced the risk of heart disease.
2. Mention three factors (reasons ) that influencing health positively .
- Positivity - A supportive network of family and friends - An optimistic outlook on life.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The research showed that children who were more able to stay focused on a task, and who had a
more positive attitude to life at age seven, were usually in better health 30 years later.
1. Mention two reasons that make children in better health 30 years later according to the research :
- Children who were more able to stay focused on a task
- Children who had a more positive attitude to life at age seven
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The study has been controversial. Some health professionals believe that bad lifestyle choices, such
as smoking or lack of exercise, are the reason for heart disease and other illnesses, and not
individual's attitude. The researchers, while agreeing, raise the question: why are people making
bad lifestyle decisions ? Do more optimistic people make better and healthier lifestyle choices ?
1. Mention two examples of bad lifestyle choices a- smoking: b- lack of exercise
2. Give two reasons for heart disease and other illnesses. a- smoking b- lack of exercise
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The researchers appreciate that not everyone's personal circumstances and environment make it possible to
live without worry. However, they believe that if we teach children to develop positive thinking, and to
'bounce back' after a setback, these qualities will improve their (children ) overall health in the future.
1. What will improve children's overall health in the future ? Mention two qualities .
a- Teaching children to develop positive thinking.
b- Teaching children to 'bounce back' after a setback.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

optimistic believing that good things will happen in the future. ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎﺋﻞ‬
focus on to direct your attention or effort at something specific. ‫ﯾﺮﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
raise a question to bring up a problem ‫ ﯾﺮﻓﻊ‬- ‫ﯾﺴﺎل‬
bounce back to start to be successful again after a difficult time. ‫ﻧﮭﻮض ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﻔﺸﻞ‬
set back a problem that delays or stops progress ‫ اﺧﻔﺎق‬- ‫ﻓﺸﻞ‬
56
56
Health in Jordan : A report

Health conditions in Jordan are among the best in the Middle East. This is largely due to the
country’s commitment to making healthcare for all a top priority. Advances in education, economic
conditions, sanitation, clean water, diet and housing have made our community healthier.
1. What is the result of the country’s commitment to making healthcare for all a top priority? = reason
Health conditions in Jordan are among the best in the Middle East. = result
2. Mention the (sectors ) things that made our community ( Jordan ) healthier :
a. Advances in education b. economic conditions c. sanitation d. clean water e. diet f. housing
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Healthcare Centres : ( Healthcare centres = primary healthcare facilities )

As a result of careful planning, the number of healthcare services has been increasing rapidly over the past
years. More than 800 different kinds of healthcare centres have been built as well as 188 dental clinics. In
2012 CE, 98 percent of Jordanian children were fully immunised, thanks to immunisation teams that had
been working towards this goal for several years. Although there were remote areas of the country where
people had been without consistent access to electricity and safe water, almost 99 percent of the country’s
population now has access.
1. What is the result of the careful planning ?
The number of healthcare services has been increasing rapidly over the past years. =
2. There were two disadvantages in remote areas in Jordan. Mention them. a. lack of electricity and water
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hospitals : ( Hospitals = advanced medical facilities )

Although the country has been focusing mainly on improving its primary healthcare facilities, it
has not neglected its advanced medical facilities. The reputation of Jordanian doctors has spread in
the region, and now many more patients come to Jordan for open heart surgery. In Jordan, the open
heart surgery programme started in 1970 CE in Amman.
1. Mention two facilities that Jordan focuses on to improve healthcare .
a. primary healthcare facilities. b. advanced medical facilities.
2. What is the result of the good reputation of Jordanian doctors ?
Many more patients come to Jordan for open heart surgery.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Life Expectancy
The life expectancy figures show that Jordan's healthcare system is successful. In 1965 CE, the average
Jordanian's life expectancy was age 50. In 2012 CE, this average life expectancy had risen to 73.5.
According to UNICEF statistics, between 1981 CE and 1991 CE, Jordan’s infant mortality rates declined
more rapidly than anywhere else in the world – from 70 deaths per 1,000 births in 1981 CE to only 32
deaths per 1,000 births in 2014 CE.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The low infant mortality rate, as well as the excellent healthcare system, have been contributing
factors to Jordan’s healthy population growth, which will result in a strong work force with economic
benefits for the whole country.
1. There are two factors that have been contributing to Jordan’s healthy population growth. Mention them.
a. The low infant mortality rate b. The excellent healthcare system
2. What is the result of healthy population growth ? ( positive consequences )
A strong work force with economic benefits for the whole country.
commitment a promise to do something ‫اﻟﺘﺰام‬

healthcare treatment of illness by doctors ‫رﻋﺎﯾﺔ ﺻﺤﯿﺔ‬
life expectancy the length of time that a person or animal is expected to live. ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ اﻟﻌﻤﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻊ‬
mortality death ‫اﻟﻮﻓﯿﺎت‬
reputation the common opinion that people have about someone or something. ( fame ) ‫اﻟﺴﻤﻌﺔ‬
sanitation the system which deal with human water waste ‫اﻟﺼﺮف اﻟﺼﺤﻲ‬
dental relating to treating teeth ‫طﺐ اﺳﻨﺎن‬
immunisation prevention against diseases by giving treatments by needles. ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺼﯿﻦ‬
Infant mortality death among babies 57 ‫ﻣﻌﺪل وﻓﯿﺎت اﻟﺮﺿﻊ‬
57
Get moving!
A growing problem :
In many countries, an increasing number of young people and adults are overweight or even obese. One
reason for this is the growing popularity of fast food, which didn‘t use to be as common as it is now.
1. The problem : People are overweight or even obese (obesity)
2. The reason : The growing popularity of fast food
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Another big factor is lack of exercise .
People would often walk to school or work, but these days many more of us drive. Modern technology has
also played its part; we spend more and more time focusing on computer screens. Before the Internet was
invented, nobody had dreamt of online shopping, but now we can buy almost anything without leaving the sofa.
1. Mention two reasons for obesity . 1. Lack of exercise 2. Modern technology
2. Quote the sentence which indicates that you can buy things while lying on the coach .
"Before the Internet was invented, nobody had dreamt of online shopping, but now we can buy almost anything."
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Time to listen :
Health experts have been warning about this trend for years, and their advice is clear. Adults should aim to
exercise for at least two and a half hours every week; for children and teenagers the target should be at least
an hour a day. This might not sound very much. However, recent research shows that less than 50% of the
British population manages this. School children are less physically active than they used to be. Girls in
particular often dislike PE. This can lead to serious health problems.
1. Mention two advice of health experts .
1. Adults should aim to exercise for at least two and a half hours every week.
2. children and teenagers should exercise at least an hour a day.
2. Quote the sentence which indicates that most British people don't get enough exercise .
" However, recent research shows that less than 50% of the British population manages this."
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It's good for you :
Experts recommend a mixture of activities. These should include moderate exercise, such as fast walking,
and more strenuous exercise, like running. They also advise exercise that strengthens the muscles, for
example sit-ups. The more muscle we build, the more calories we burn, and the fitter we become. In
addition, exercise is a great way to cope with stress. In a recent study, patients who had been suffering from
depression reported a great improvement after increased physical activity.
1. Three kinds of activity recommended by experts :
a. Moderate exercise b. Strenuous exercise c. Exercise that strengthens the muscles
2. Two results for building muscles :
a. The more calories we burn b. The fitter we become
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Useful Tips :
Of course this raises a question: how can I manage to fit in all this extra exercise? The best way is to build it
into our daily lives so that it becomes a routine. It doesn’t have to take much extra time .You could get off
the bus one stop earlier than usual, or stand up when you‘re on the phone! Most importantly, we should find
a sport that we enjoy doing. That way, we will all become fitter, healthier and happier.
1. Mention three ways that can help you to manage to fit in all this extra exercise :
a. To build it into our daily lives so that it becomes a routine.
b. It doesn’t have to take much extra time .
c. We should find a sport that we enjoy doing.
2. Two ways of including exercise in our daily lives :
a. You could get off the bus one stop earlier than usual.
b. Stand up when you‘re on the phone!
obese extremely fat ‫وزن ﻣﻔﺮط‬

cope with to deal ( handle ) with a situation. ‫ ﯾﺘﻜﯿﻒ ﻣﻊ‬/ ‫ﯾﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ‬
strenuous Requiring a lot of effort 58 ‫اﻛﺜﺮ ﺟﮭﺪ‬
58
Young Emirati inventor is going to travel the world

Ten-year-old Adeeb al-Balooshi, from Dubai, is going to travel to seven countries on a tour which
has been organised and funded by Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammad, Crown Prince of Dubai. The
boy caught Sheikh Hamdan’s attention with his invention – a prosthetic limb for his father.
1. Who organized and funded Adeeb's tour ? the supporter? (fund = sponsor)
Sheikh Hamdan bin Mohammad, Crown Prince of Dubai.
2. What caught Sheikh Hamdan's attention ?
Because of the boy's invention – a prosthetic limb for his father. (prosthetic = artificial)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Sheikh has taken a special interest in the boy, and hopes the tour that he is sponsoring for
Adeeb will give the young inventor more self-confidence and inspire other young Emirati
inventors. Adeeb got the idea for a special kind of prosthetic leg while he was at the beach with his family.
Why did he offer Adeeb the gift of a world tour?
a. The tour will give the young inventor more self-confidence.
b. The tour will inspire other young Emirati inventors.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
His father, who wears an artificial leg, could not swim in the sea as he could not risk getting his
leg wet. This inspired Adeeb to invent a waterproof prosthetic leg. Adeeb is going to visit the USA,
France, the UK, Ireland, Belgium, Italy and Germany, where he will be staying with relatives.
However, while he is in Germany, Adeeb will not be spending all his time sightseeing.
1. Why couldn't Adeeb's father swim in the sea ? As he could not risk getting his leg wet.
2. Where will Adeeb stay in Germany ? What will he do there ?
With his relatives. He will not be spending all his time sightseeing.
3. Quote the sentence which indicates that Adeeb isn't visiting Germany for tourism.
However, while he is in Germany, Adeeb will not be spending all his time sightseeing.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
He will be working with a specialist doctor to build the appendage. He will also be attending a
course on prosthetics and learning about different kinds of medical apparatus.
1. Mention three things (activities ) that Adeeb will be doing in Germany ?
a. He will be working with a specialist doctor to build the appendage.
b. He will also be attending a course on prosthetics
c. He will be learning about different kinds of medical apparatus.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Adeeb has invented several other devices, including a tiny cleaning robot and a heart monitor,
which is attached to a car seat belt. In the case of an emergency, rescue services and the driver’s
family will be automatically connected with the driver through this special checking device. He has
also invented a fireproof helmet. This special equipment, which has a built-in camera system, will
help rescue workers in emergencies. It is for these reasons that Adeeb rightly deserves his
reputation as one of the youngest inventors in the world.
1. Mention three other inventions (devices ) for Adeeb .
a. A tiny cleaning robot b. A heart monitor c. A fireproof helmet. e. a waterproof prosthetic leg
2. What is the benefit of the fireproof helmet ? It will help rescue workers in emergencies.
3. What does the suffix ( -proof ) mean ? To monitor those with a heart problems in the car.
4. Find the synonyms for the following words : artificial - appendage - apparatus .
apparatus equipment or machinery ‫ﺟﮭﺎز‬

appendage a body part, such as an arm or a leg, ‫طﺮف‬
artificial made by human beings (man-made) ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬
limb arm or leg of a person ‫طﺮف‬
prosthetic artificial ‫ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬- ‫ﺑﺪﯾﻞ‬
sponsor to financially support a person or an event – / fund – pay for ‫ﯾﺪﻋﻢ‬
59
59
Medical Advances
We will be able to have an operation to increase our intelligence. 2018
Scientists have already developed brain implants that improve vision or allow disabled people to use their
thoughts in order to control prosthetic limbs like arms, legs or hands, or operate a wheel chair. In 2012 CE,
research on monkeys showed that a brain implant improved their decision -making abilities. How will
humans benefit from this research? Scientists hope to develop a similar device to help people who have
been affected by brain damage, which could be caused by dementia , a stroke or other brain injuries.
1. There are two benefits for developing brain implants. Mention them . ( their = disabled people )
a. improve vision b. allow disabled people to use their thoughts.
2. Brain implants helps disabled people to use their thoughts in two ways :
a. To control prosthetic limbs like arms, legs or hands b. To operate a wheel chair
3. There are many reasons (factors) for brain damage. Mention two of them.
a. dementia b. a stroke c. other brain injuries.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Doctors will be able to communicate with people in a coma.

In 2010 CE, neuroscientists confirmed that it was possible to communicate with some patients in a coma, by
using a special brain scanner called an MRI. They suggested that, in the future, more meaningful dialogue
with patients in a coma would be possible. Two years later, it has finally happened. The scanner, used on a
man who has been in a coma for more than twelve years, proves that he has a conscious, thinking mind – a
fact that had previously been disputed by many. Doctors plan to use similar brain-scanning techniques in the
future to find out whether patients are in pain, or what they would like to be done in order to improve their
quality of life.
1. How did neuroscientists confirm that it was possible to communicate with some patients in a coma in 2010 ?
By using a special brain scanner called an MRI.
3. Doctors plan to use similar brain-scanning techniques in the future. Mention two reasons.
a. To find out whether patients are in pain.
b. To find out what they would like to be done in order to improve their quality of life.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A new drug will help to treat certain types of cancer almost instantly.
A new cancer drug is being trialed in Plymouth, UK, which doctors hope will extend the lives of cancer
patients and reduce their symptoms overnight. It is taken as a single pill every morning, and so far patients
have shown none of the usual side effects such as the sickness and hair loss that are experienced when
undergoing other forms of cancer treatment. The new treatment works by blocking a protein which causes
cancerous cells to grow. It will improve patients’ life expectancy and quality of life much more quickly than
any other treatment. The patients were interviewed a year after starting the treatment and are fit and well,
saying that they are definitely going to continue the trial. They have every reason to believe the new drug is
going to work. Doctors at Plymouth Hospital hope that it will help patients from all over the world.
1. Mention two benefits for the new cancer drug for patients .
a. It will extend the lives of cancer patients b. It will reduce patients' symptoms overnight
2. Mention two side effects that are experienced when undergoing other forms of cancer treatment.
a. sickness b. hair loss
3. Quote the sentence which shows the way in which the new cancer drug work.
" The new treatment works by blocking a protein which causes cancerous cells to grow."
coma an unconsciousness state ‫ﻏﯿﺒﻮﺑﺔ‬
dementia a mental illness with memory ‫ ﺧﺮف‬- ‫ﺟﻨﻮن‬
drug a medicine ‫ ﻋﻘﺎر‬- ‫دواء‬
Implant object implanted in the body. ‫زراﻋﺔ ﻋﻀﻮ‬
medical trial Trial to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of medications – special test ‫ﺗﺠﺮﯾﺒﻲ‬
pill a small round piece of medicine to be swallowed – tablet ‫ﻗﺮص‬
scanner a medical instrument that uses radiography to produce images of the inside body ‫ﺟﮭﺎز ﺗﺨﻄﯿﻂ‬
side effects Effects of medicine on your body ‫اﺛﺎر ﺟﺎﻧﺒﯿﺔ‬
Stroke an illness when a blood tube in your brain burst or blocked ‫ﺳﻜﺘﺔ دﻣﺎﻏﯿﺔ‬
symptoms signs of illness ‫اﻋﺮاض‬
inoculation an injection to protect you from a disease 60 ‫ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ‬
60
The King Hussein Cancer Center

The King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC) is Jordan’s only comprehensive cancer treatment centre. It (KHCC)
treats both adult and paediatric patients. As the population of the country increases, more and more families
will rely on the hospital for cancer treatment. Patients come not only from Jordan but also from other
countries in the region, as they (patients) are attracted by its excellent reputation, lower costs, and cultural
and language similarities.
1. Mention three reasons (factors) why patients from other countries visit the centre.
a. excellent reputation b. lower costs c. cultural and language similarities.
2. Why do patients come from Jordan and other countries in the region to the centre ?
As they are attracted by its excellent reputation, lower costs, and cultural and language similarities.
3. Why does the hospital need to expand? Because there is more demand for treatment,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In order to cope with the increase in demand for treatment, the KHCC has begun an expansion programme.
Building started in 2011 CE . The hospital will have more than doubled its capacity by 2016 CE, increasing
space for new cancer cases from 3,500 per year to 9,000. By then, they will have added 182 extra beds,
along with bigger units for different departments, including radiotherapy. New adult and pediatric wards
will have opened. Additionally, they will have built a special ten-floor outpatients’ building, with an
education centre which will include teaching rooms and a library.
1. The expansion programme for the hospital has two aims. What are they ?
a. In order to cope with the increase in demand for treatment.
b. The hospital will have more than doubled its capacity by 2016 CE.
2. Mention two things that the education centre will include . a. Teaching rooms b. A library.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Many cancer patients live far away from Amman, where the KHCC is located, and the journey to and from
the hospital is often difficult. For this reason, there are plans to extend cancer care facilities to other parts of
Jordan. In the near future, King Abdullah University Hospital in Irbid hopes to set up radiotherapy
machines, so that cancer patients from northern Jordan will not have to go to Amman for radiotherapy treatment.
1. Mention the disadvantages of the KHCC for patients who live far from Amman?
The journey to and from the hospital is often difficult.
2. Quote the sentence that indicates the reason to build other parts of The King Hussein Cancer Center .
The journey to and from the hospital is often difficult.
3. What plans are there for increasing cancer care facilities in other parts of Jordan?
King Abdullah University Hospital in Irbid hopes to set up radiotherapy machines.
4. What is the result for set up radiotherapy machines in Irbid in the future ?
Cancer patients from northern Jordan will not have to go to Amman for radiotherapy treatment.

pediatrics children, the opposite of adults ‫اطﻔﺎل‬
reputation fame ‫ﺳﻤﻌﺔ‬
radiotherapy Using radiation to treat disease , especially cancer ‫ﻋﻼج اﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ‬
outpatient someone who goes to a hospital for treatment but does not stay for the night ‫ﻣﺮﯾﺾ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻘﯿﻢ‬
________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________
Key Word The Internet of Things Arabic
communicate speak to ‫ﯾﺘﻮاﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ‬
security settings controls on computer programs to protect your computer ‫اﻋﺪادات اﻻﻣﺎن‬
privacy setting controls on social network sites controls who can see what information. ‫اﻋﺪادات اﻟﺨﺼﻮﺻﯿﺔ‬
access To find information , especially on a computer ‫ﺗﺮﻛﺔ‬
Key Word synonyms Accident victim tests first artificial limb - 11 Arabic
artificial prosthetic : describe an object that is manufactured by humans ‫ﺻﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬
equipment apparatus : tools or machines that have a particular purpose ‫ﻣﻌﺪات‬
sponsor fund : to pay for ‫ ﯾﻤﻮل‬- ‫ﯾﺪﻋﻢ‬
natural opposite of artificial 61 ‫طﺒﯿﻌﻲ‬
61
Accident victim tests first artificial limb

Scientists have successfully invented a prosthetic hand with a sense of touch. It is an exciting new
invention, which they plan to develop. It is possible that, in the not-too distant future, similar artificial arms
and legs will have taken the place of today’s prosthetic limbs.
1. What is the feature of the new prosthetic hand invented by scientists What is special about it ?
It has a sense of touch.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dennis Sorensen, a 39-year-old from Denmark, was the first person to try out the new invention. After
losing his left hand in an accident, he had been using a standard prosthetic hand for nine years.
1. Why did Dennis Sorenson use (need) a standard prosthetic hand ?
Because he lost his left hand in an accident.
2. How long had he been using the standard prosthetic hand ? For nine years.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The new hand, which was developed by Swiss and Italian scientists, was a huge improvement. With it,
Sorensen could not only pick up and manipulate objects, but he could also feel them. "When I held an
object, I could feel if it was soft or hard, round or square", he explained. He said that the sensations were
almost the same as the ones he felt with his other hand. Unfortunately, Sorensen was only taking part in trials,
and the equipment is not ready for general use yet. He was only allowed to wear it for a month, for safety reasons.
1. Mention three characteristics for the prosthetic hand. a. pick up objects . b. manipulate objects c. feel objects
2. Why was Sorenson only allowed to wear the prosthetic hand for a month? For safety reasons.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
So now he has his old artificial hand back. However, he hopes that soon he will be wearing the new type of
hand again. He is looking forward to the time when similar artificial limbs are available for the thousands of
people who need them. He will have helped to transform their lives.
1. Which hand is he wearing now? Why? His old artificial hand
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________
Ibn Bassal
Ibn Bassal was a writer, a scientist and an engineer who lived in Al-Andalus in the eleventh century CE. He
worked in the court of Al-Ma’mun, who was the king of Toledo. His great passions were botany, which is
the study of plants and agriculture. Although he was a great scholar, he was also a practical man and all of
his writing came from his own "hands-on" experience of working the land.
1. What was Ibn Bassal famous for ? Writing - Science - engineering - botany
2. What is "botany" ? The study of plants and agriculture.
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One of the many things which Ibn Bassal achieved was A Book of Agriculture. The book consisted of
sixteen chapters which explain how best to grow trees, fruit and vegetables, as well as herbs and sweet
smelling flowers; perhaps the most famous chapter of all was the one that described how to treat different
types of soil. Ibn Bassal also worked out how to irrigate the land by finding underground water and digging
wells. He designed water pumps and irrigation systems. All of these things were passed on through his writing.
1. Name two of Ibn Bassal Achievements ?
Writing a book of agriculture – designing water pumps – irrigation systems.
Finding underground water - digging wells
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The influence of Ibn Bassal’s book was enormous. As farmers down the generations followed his
instructions and advice, the land became wonderfully fertile and produced more than enough food for the
fast-growing population. The irrigation systems that he and his followers put in place are still in evidence in
Spain. Although his name is not widely known, Ibn Bassal’s legacy to the world has been great.
1. Why did the land become fertile and produced more than enough food for the fast-growing population. ?
As farmers down the generations followed his instructions and advice

irrigate supply land with water ‫ﯾﺴﻘﻲ‬
fertile land produced more than enough food ‫ارض ﺧﺼﺒﺔ‬
hands on field working – working by hand ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﯾﺪوي‬
legacy what someone leaves to the world after his death 62 ‫ﺗﺮﻛﺔ‬
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The importance of Islamic achievements in history

Jabir ibn Hayyan (born 722 CE, died 815 CE)
The Arab world has many famous chemists in its history, but the person who is known as the founder of
chemistry is probably Jabir ibn Hayyan. He is most well known for the beginning of the production of
sulphuric acid. He also built a set of scales which changed the way in which chemists weighed items in a
laboratory: his scales could weigh items over 6,000 times smaller than a kilogram.
1. Who is Jabir bin Hayyan ? He is the founder of Chemistry . ( A famous Arab chemist )
2. Mention two of his achievements : a. The production of sulphuric acid. b. He also built a set of scales
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Ali ibn Nafi ’ (Ziryab) (born 789 CE, died 857 CE)
Ali ibn Nafi ’ is also known as ‘Ziryab’ (or ‘Blackbird’, because of his beautiful voice). He was a gifted
pupil of a famous musician from Baghdad, and it was his talent for music that led him to Cordoba in the
ninth century CE. He was the guest of the Umayyad ruler there. He is the person who established the first
music school in the world in Cordoba, Al-Andalus, teaching musical harmony and composition.
revolutionized musical theory, and is also the person who introduced the oud to Europe.
1. Mention two of Ali Bin Nafi's achievements :
a. He established the first music school in the world . b. He introduced the oud to Europe.
2. What is the purpose of establishing the music school?
Teaching musical harmony and composition.
3. Why did Ali Ibn Nafi' go to Cordoba ? What led him to Cordoba ? His talent for music
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Fatima al-Fihri (born early 9th century, died 880 CE)

Fatima al-Fihri was the daughter of a wealthy businessman. She used her father’s inheritance to build a
learning centre in Fez, Morocco. This learning centre became Morocco’s top university, and it is where
many students from all over the world come to study. Moreover, it was Fatima’s sister, Mariam, who
supervised the building of the Andalus Mosque, which was not far from the learning centre.
1. What was the achievement of Fatima al-Fihri ? She built a learning centre in Fez, Morocco.
2. What was the achievement of Fatima's sister Mariam ? She supervised the building of the Andalus Mosque.
3. How did Fatma build the learning centre ? inheritance : Things you give others after death
She used her father’s inheritance.
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Al-Kindi (born around 801 CE, died 873 CE)

Al-Kindi was a physician, philosopher, mathematician, chemist, musician and astronomer – a true polymath.
He made ground-breaking discoveries in many of these fields, but it is probably his work in arithmetic and
geometry that has made him most famous.
1. What was AlKindi good at ?
Al-Kindi was a physician, philosopher, mathematician, chemist, musician and astronomer.
2. What made him most famous ? His work in arithmetic and geometry that has made him most famous
3. What is his achievement ? He made ground-breaking discoveries in many fields.
4. Quote the sentence which indicates that AlKindi has a lot of knowledge about many different subjects.
"Al-Kindi was a physician, philosopher, mathematician, chemist, musician and astronomer – a true polymath.

Arithmetic – the study of numbers ‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎب‬
Geometry the study of relationships and measurement of points, lines, curves and surfaces ‫اﻟﮭﻨﺪﺳﺔ‬
Mathematician a person who studies Mathematics to a very complex level ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻢ رﯾﺎﺿﯿﺎت‬
Philosopher someone who studies and writes philosophy professionally ‫ﻓﯿﻠﺴﻮف‬
Physician someone qualified to practice medicine, ( a doctor ) ‫ﻓﯿﺰﯾﺎﺋﻲ‬
Polymath someone who has a lot of knowledge about many different subjects - expert ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬
talent Special ability ‫ﻣﻮھﺒﺔ‬
founder The person who starts something new ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺲ‬
scale An instrument to measure weight ‫ﻣﻘﯿﺎس‬
laboratory A room for scientific experiment ‫ﻣﺨﺘﺒﺮ‬
Ground-breaking new 63 ‫ ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬- ‫ﺟﺬري‬
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Masdar City – a positive step?

Mega projects are extremely large investment projects, which are designed to encourage economic growth
and bring new benefits to cities. Although megaprojects vary in terms of size and cost, they are all, by
definition, expensive, public projects that attract a high level of interest and media coverage. Projects range
from motorways, airports, stations, tunnels, bridges, to entire city complexes. etc.
1. The writer states two benefits of creating megaprojects. Write them down.
a. They encourage economic growth. b. They bring new benefits to cities.
2. What do mega projects have in common ? = disadvantages : They are expensive, public projects.
3. The text provides many examples of mega projects . Mention two .
Motorways, airports, stations, tunnels, bridges and entire city complexes.
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The concept of a megaproject is always based on the benefits it brings to a community. However, many
megaprojects have been criticised because of their negative effects on a community or the environment.
This essay will look at issues with regard to Masdar City, a megaproject in Abu Dhabi.
1. What are the disadvantage of mega projects ?
They have negative effects on a community and the environment. 2. expensive
2. Quote the sentence which shows the main reason to criticize mega projects ?
"However, many megaprojects have been criticised because of their negative effects on a community or the environment."
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Masdar City, which began its development in 2006 CE, will be the world’s first carbon-neutral, zero waste
artificially-created city. Covering an area of six square kilometres, when it is completed in 2025 CE, it is
expected to house more than 40,000 residents, 50,000 commuters, and 1,500 businesses involved in mainly
environmentally-friendly products. The city will run entirely on renewable energy sources. It is built on an
advanced energy grid which monitors exactly how much electricity is being used by every outlet in the complex.
1. What makes Masdar city environmentally-friendly city ?
a. Masdar City will be the world’s first carbon-neutral, zero waste artificially-created city.
b. Masdar City will have environmentally-friendly products.
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Furthermore, in order to reduce its carbon footprint, Masdar City will be a car-free zone, designed to be
pedestrian and cycle-friendly. Electric, driverless cars will operate as public transport vehicles, and the city
will be connected to other locations by a network of roads and railways. .
1. There are many procedures that will be implemented to reduce carbon footprint in Masdar city. Mention two.
a. Masdar City will be a car-free zone, designed to be pedestrian and cycle-friendly.
b. Electric, driverless cars will operate as public transport vehicles.
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Energy will be provided by solar power and wind farms, and there are also plans to build the world’s largest
hydrogen plant. A desalination plant will be used to provide the city’s water, with 80% of water used being
recycled. Biological waste will be used as an energy source too, and industrial waste will be recycled. The
current residents of Masdar City are all students at the Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, a
university whose students are fully committed to finding solutions to the world’s energy problems. While
the project has the support of many global, environmental and conservation Organisations, there is some
criticism of it. It is felt that, instead of building an Artificial sustainable city, sustainability should be made a
priority of existing cities.
1. Certain power resources will supply Masdar City with energy. Write down two of these resources .
1. Solar power 2. wind farms 3. a hydrogen plant 4. Biological waste.
2. Name two materials that will be recycled in Masdar city. 1. water : 80% 2. industrial waste
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In conclusion, the benefits of Masdar City for the community and the environment greatly outweigh any
disadvantages. If the aims of the developers are realised, Masdar City will be a blueprint for future urban
planning that will inspire similar megaprojects in other countries.
1. What will happen if the aims of the developers are realized ?
Masdar City will be a blueprint for future urban planning that will inspire similar megaprojects in other countries.
zero-waste producing no waste ‫ﺧﺎﻟﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻔﺎﯾﺎت‬
desalination The process of removing salt from sea water so that it can be used again ‫ﺗﺤﻠﯿﺔ‬
criticise To evaluate or analyse – not approved ‫ﯾﻨﺘﻘﺪ‬
recycle reuse ‫ ﺗﺪوﯾﺮ‬,‫اﻋﺎدة ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ‬
outweigh To be more important than something else 64 ‫ اھﻢ‬- ‫ﯾﻔﻮق‬
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The Time we spend at school - 1

Afew years ago, as many as 1,000 schools across the USA started making school years longer by
adding up to ten extra days to the school year or by making each school day longer by half an hour .
This was because it was found that secondary school students in the USA and the UK were
spending the least time at school, with an average school year of 187 days. The typical Jordanian
school year is longer than this (187 days) . However, none of these (average school year in Uk, USA and Jordan) are nearly
as long as the school year in countries like Japan and South Korea. South Koreans attend schools
for 220 days per year, and in Japan the school year numbers 243 days.
According to a study by the organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),
students in Japan, Indonesia and South Korea spend the most time studying in the world. They
(students in Japan, Indonesia and South Korea) want to learn as much as they (students in Japan, Indonesia and South Korea) can to ensure
excellent exam grades. They go to school for about nine hours, although this (going to school for about 9 hours)
includes optional after-school tuition and activities. They also spend about three hours on
homework everyday, which (They also spend about three hours on homework everyday) is three times as much as many
other countries. Their high academic achievements do suggest that the longer you study, the better
you do in final exams.
In Finland, however, students are usually given less than half an hour of homework per night, and
they (students in Finland) attend school for fewer and shorter days than 85 % of other developed nations.
Despite this (attend schools for ….) , they (students in Finland) achieve top marks in subjects like Maths and Science. In
addition, most students also speak at least two, and often three, languages fluently.
The contradictory views of the study suggest that the number and length of school days is not the
only factor in determining whether students will succeed at school or not .
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A visiting student's blog post : Anita's blog - 2 2018

Two summers ago , I (Anita) spent five months studying Arabic at the German-Jordanian University
near Madaba. As my father is originally from Jordan, I grew up speaking Arabic as well as German.
However, I had never studied Arabic formally, and when the opportunity came up for me to spend a
year in Jordan studying Arabic, I didn't hesitate for one moment.
I have relatives in Jordan and they (relatives) arranged for me to stay with a wonderful family who
live just outside Madaba. I was amazed by the number of international students there,
( a wonderful family)
( Jordan) who (international students) were not only from Germany, but from all over the world. Most of
them (international students) had studied Arabic to a high level. I'm very familiar with colloquial Arabic,
which (colloquial Arabic) is what my family speaks and understands. The Arabic class, in modern standared
Arabic, was challenging, especially the grammar.
Every week, we (my family and I) had to learn a vocabulary list of around 50 words. We covered many
topics. Living with a family helped to improve my Arabic-speaking skills because, while all the
students heard Arabic in the classroom and streets, I could also practice it (Arabic) at home. I really
put my back into it, and I earned an A on the course.
What impressed me most about students in Jordan was their (students in Jordan) behaviour and their
attitude to studying. All the students who (All the students) I met appreciated the importance of their (All
the students) university education and the opportunities it would give them (All the students) to contribute to
their country's prosperity. They also showed extremely positive values. Everybody was honest, and
people discussed problems rather than getting angry if they (people) disagreed with each other.
As someone who enjoys delicious food, beautiful places and friendly, hospitable people, studying in
Jordan is one of the best decisions I have made in my life. I made many new friends. I also improved
my Arabic speaking, writing and reading skills. My dream is to be fluent in Arabic oneday- and as I
intend to return to Jordan as often as I can, I know I'm going to make this dream a reality.
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‫ – ﻣﺪرﺳﺔ اﻟﻔﻀﺎء‬Space Schools - 3

Studio schools are pioneering schools which (studio schools) receive funding as well as support
from private businesses, and which (studio schools) seek to encourage young people to undertake
a less conventional form of secondary education. These schools often specialize in one
specific area, whilist understanding that the same broad range of skills and qualifications
should be made available to all young people.
One such school has recently opened to educate fourteen-to eighteen-year-olds who (fourteen-to
eighteen-year-olds) have a special interest in working in the space industry . Students follow a tailor-
made curriculum at the school, including subjects such as Astronomy and Astrophysics.
Lessons are a mixture of small-class tutorials, with projects supervised by leading
companies in both the space and technology industries.
Prominent scientists and engineers are brought in as guest lecturers, with students aiming to
achieve top grades in their (students) Maths and Science exams. When they (students) leave
schools, they (students) will be well-placed to take any number of different career paths. 'They
(students) don't have to become astronauts'! says a spokesperson for the school. 'Excellent grades
in science and technology subjects can open any doors and lead to a variety of career opportunities.'
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How to revise for exams - 4
Is it too late to start revising now ?
A – No, it is never too late to start revising ! The first thing I would do is to draw up a revision timetable.
How should you draw up a timetable ?
B – Look at all the subjects you have to do, and work out when you are going to work on
each one (subject). It is a good idea to change the order of the subjects in your timetable for
each day. Try doing a little English, followed by some Maths, then Biology, and so on. This
way, by changing the focus of your revision, you keep your mind fresh.
Is it best to get up early, or to revise late at night ?
C – The earlier you start in the morning, the more beneficial your revision will be, because
that's when you feel most awake and your memory is at its (your memory) best. I'd also
recommend studying for 30-minute periods, and then taking a break. It's been proved that
concentration starts to decrease after half an hour, so frequent breaks will help the brain to
recover and concentration to return.
What do you mean by frequent break ?
D – By a break, I mean any change of activity from studying. It (a break) could be something as
simple as just getting up from your desk and listening to some music, or walking around for
ten minutes.
How much exercise do you need ?
E – Physical activity is very important, of course, especially when you are studying.
Exercise will make a huge difference to the way you feel. The physical activity will increase
your heart rate, and in turn, that will increase your blood circulation. It (physical activity) also sends
more oxygen to the brain, which (sending more oxygen to the brain) makes you revise more efficiently !
Do you mind giving me some advice about diet ?
F – Nutrition is very important. You should try to eat as much fruit and vegetables as you
can. It's essential not to become dehydrated, so drink lots of water.
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After school - 5
In England, almost 50% of school leavers go on to higher education. The figure has not
always been as high as this (50 %). Twenty years ago, it was closer to 30%, and thirty years
before that, it (The percentage (figure) of school leavers who go on to a higher education. ) was only about 5%.
Another huge change has been financial. Before 1998 CE, higher education in the UK was
completely free for UK citizens. Since then, tuition fees have been introduced. Most students
borrow this money from the government. They (most students) don't have to repay it (this money)
immediately. Instead, they pay it back slowly out of future earnings.
Despite the high cost, most students choose to study away from home. A recent survey of
17,000 students revealed that only 7% wanted to stay at home while they (most students) studied
for their degree. Of course for most young people, living away from home means borrowing
even more money from the government. So why don’t students choose to avoid debt by
staying at home, where they (students) don't have to pay rent? Most of them (students) say that
they (students) want to move to the university of their (students) choice, rather than the nearest
one (university). Another strong motive is the desire to live in a new culture.
Where do these students live? Many (these students) have rooms in halls of residence, especially
in their (these students) first year; others (students) rent flats or houses. A lucky minority live in
property that their (lucky minority) parents have bought for them (lucky minority) . Most of them (students)
need to learn to cook, do their (students) own washing and manage their(students) time and money.
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Learning a foreign Language : - 6

Speaking a forien language, it is claimed, improves the functionality of your brain in several
different ways. Learning new vocabulary and grammar rules provide the brain with
beneficial 'exercise', which (beneficial exercise) improves memory. As well as exercising the brain,
it is thought that learning a new language also presents the brain with unique challenges.
These include recognising different language systems. These skills improve your chances of
success in other problem-solving tasks as well. It is said that students who learn foreign
languages do better, on the whole, in general tests in Maths, reading and vocabulary than
students who have only mastered their mother tongue.
According to a study carried out by Pennsylvania State University , USA. Multilingual
people are able to switch between two systems of speech, writing, and structure quite easily.
It has been proved that they (Multilingual people) are also able to switch easily between completely
different tasks. One experiment required participants to operate a driving simulator while
carrying out separate tasks at the same time. The experiment showed that multilingual
participants were less distracted by the other tasks and therefore made fewer driving errors.
It is believed that language learning can also improve your decision-making skills. When
you speak a foreign language, you are constantly weighing up subtle differences in meaning
of a word or the way that an utterance is made. This process is then transferred
subconsciously to other situations in which judgment is called for, and decisions have to be made.
Finally, learning a foreign language can also improve your ability to use your mother
tongue more effectively. As you become more aware of the way that a language works, you
begin to apply it to the language that you use everyday. The skills you obtain from learning a
foreign language, therefore, can make you a better speaker and writer in your own language.
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Education in Jordan - 7
Our country has a high standard of education. This is mainly due to the fact that the
government considers education a necessity . All schools, from kindergarten to secondary,
are the responsibility of the Ministry of Education (MOE). Pre-school and kindergarten
education is optional, followed by ten years of free, compulsory education. For higher
education, students enter university, either for academic or vocational education.
Students can attend one of ten public universities. A large number of Jordanian students
choose to study at these institutions, as well as foreign students from all over the world.
These are undergraduates studying for a first degree, or postgraduate studying for a Master's
degree, a PhD or a higher diploma.
The three universities with the most undergraduates are the University of Jordan in Amman,
Yarmuk University in Irbid and Al Balqa Applied University in Salt. These are all public
universities. An example of a newer university is the German-Jordanian University in
Amman, which was set up in 2005 CE. It is a collaboration between the MOHE and
Germany's Federal Ministry of Education and Research, and it follows Germany's model of
education in applied sciences.
For students who wish to complete their university studies while working at the same time, it
is also possible in some Jordanian universities to enroll onto online distance learning
programmes. In the future, this option will become available in many other universities.
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8 Our country’s imports and exports (SB, p.66) ‫ ﺻﺎدرات وواردات ﺑﻠﺪﻧﺎ‬2017
In this report, we (researchers) will look at the countries that (countries) Jordan trades with and what goods
it (Jordan) exports and imports.
First, let’s look at exports. Jordan is rich in potash and phosphate, and the extraction
industry for these minerals is one of the largest in the world. Not surprisingly, two of
Jordan’s largest exports are chemicals and fertilisers. Pharmaceuticals and other industries
represent 30% of Jordan’s Gross Domestic Product(GDP), and 75% of Jordan’s pharmaceuticals
are exported. However, the majority (65%) of the economy is dominated by services, mostly
travel and tourism. Most of Jordan’s exports go to Iraq, the USA, India and Saudi Arabia.
Now let’s look at imports. Unlike some other countries in the Middle East, Jordan does not
have large oil or gas reserves. For that reason, Jordan has to import oil and gas for
its (Jordan's) energy needs. Its (Jordan's) other main imports are cars, medicines and wheat. In 2013
CE, 23.6 % of Jordan’s imports were from Saudi Arabia. This (23.6 …..) was followed by the
EU, with 17.6 % of its imports. Other imports have come from China and the United States.
Jordan has more free trade agreements than any other Arab country, and it trades freely with
many countries, including the USA, Canada and Malaysia. Which other areas are important
for Jordan’s trade? Jordan first signed a trade agreement with the EU in 1997 CE. It (Jordan )signed
a free trade agreement with Egypt, Morocco and Tunisian in 2004 CE. In 2011 CE, another
trade agreement was made with the EU, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia. Trade with the EU
and North Africa in particular is likely to grow.
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Learn English fast – The natural way – AB-37 -9

It is said that the best way to acquire a language is to immerse yourself in it, and that's what we
offer at Extreme English : total immersion .
Total Immersion :
You will stay in one of our beautiful apartments. You will hear and speak English all day
long. You can either join a small group of other students of a similar level, or request a
tailor-made course. For example, you may require a course in academic English to prepare
you for undergraduate or postgraduate studies, or a vocational course to help you with your
career. Either way, you will live and work together as a family.
What will I be doing ?
In the morning, after breakfast, one or more of our trained and experienced teachers will
arrive, and you will have three hours of intensive tuition. Then, after enjoying lunch together
around the table, you will visit local places of interest, go shopping, take part in sports, etc.
In the evening, there will be a choice of cultural activities, for example the theatre or a
concert, or you may prefer to relax at home and chat (In English, naturally!) Whatever you
do, your teachers will be with you, acting as guides, tutors and friends.
How long are the courses ?
Some people just come for a week, and they are usually amazed by how much progress they
make in such a short time. Others come for two, three, even four weeks. It's up to you. You
can be sure of onething- we'll do our very best to give you a first-class experience and send
you home thinking and dreaming in English !
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Stepping into the business world - 10

Business Studies is a popular choice for students who (students) are choosing a degree course in the UK. After
graduating, some (students) go on to further study, but most of them (students) take up employment. Many large
companies offer graduate training schemes, which (graduate training scheme) are a kind of apprenticeship. We went to
meet twenty-two-year-old Ricky Miles, who (Ricky Miles) is about to graduate in the subject.
How long have you (Ricky Miles) been studying Business Studies, Ricky?
It’s a four-year course, including two periods of work experience. Each one (period of work experience) lasted six
months, but they (two periods of work experience) weren’t in the same year.
What exactly have you studied over those four years ?
Quite a lot! Maths, of course, Accounting ,Finance and Economics. Oh yes ,Marketing and Sales, too. I
(Ricky Miles) also did a course in Management, which (a course of management ) is about recruiting and managing staff,
and how to deal with conflict, and a course in Advertising. We (students) all had
to do IT, too, because computer skills are essential .
What did you most enjoy about the degree ?
The work experience, definitely. I learnt so much, both times, and of course it (work experience ) looks great on my
curriculum vitae . One of the companies offered me paid work last summer, so I managed to get even more
experience that way. Also, I wouldn't have had much money last year if I hadn't had that job!
What kind of company was that, and what did you do there (in a company )?
It was a company that (a company ) provides financial products – savings and pensions, mostly. At first I just
‘shadowed’ different people, watching what they (different people) were doing . Then I did quite a lot of checking
for them (different people ) – you know, checking their (different people ) calculations. When I went back in the summer, I
was in the sales department. My job was to follow up web enquiries, and send out further information to
possible clients . I enjoyed it (Rickey's job) , and I wouldn't have had that opportunity if I hadn't done the work
experience first.
What are you planning to do next ?
I’ve just applied for a job with a bank. I have the right qualifications, but I know there will be a lot of other
applicants. I’ll just have to wait and see if I get an interview. If I do, I’ll have to prepare really carefully .
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The world of business - 11

This is an interview with a Jordanian businessman about his experiences in China.
Doing business in China
Today, we (interviwer) talk to Mr Ghanem, a businessman based in Amman who (Mr Ghanem) often visits
China. We asked him (Mr Ghanem) when he first started doing business with China.
‘I’ve been doing business with China for many years. My first trip there was in 2004 CE, and it (first trip) was
not very successful.’
Why was it not successful?
‘I worked for a small computer company in Amman. They( a small computer company) sent me to China when I was
still quite young. If only ( If only = I wish ) the company had realised that the Chinese respect age and experience
more than youth!’
Did you make any mistakes on that visit?
‘Yes! I wish I had researched Chinese culture before I visited the country. In order to be successful in
China, you need to earn their (Chinese people) respect ( disrespect = opposite ). Chinese business people will always ask
about a company’s successes in the past. However, because I worked for a new company, I could not talk
about its ( a new company) track record. We (Mr Ghanem's company) did not do any business deals on that first trip.’
When did you learn how to be successful in China?
‘I joined a larger company and they (a large company) sent me on a cultural awareness course. On my next visit to
China, it (the next visit to China) felt as if I hadn’t known anything on my first visit!’
What advice can you give to people wanting to do business in China?
‘Before I visit a company, I send recommendations from previous clients. I also send my business card with
my job position and qualifications translated into Chinese.’
Can you tell us about your last meeting in China?
‘Of course! I arrived on time. You must not arrive late, as this shows disrespect. Then, when I met the
company director, I shook hands with him gently. I began the meeting by making small talk about my
interesting experiences in China. During the meeting, I made sure that my voice and body language were
calm and controlled. I never told a joke, as this may not be translated correctly or could cause offence.’
Is it a successful meeting?
‘Yes, it was. I knew that the director had researched my business thoroughly before the meeting, so I was
prepared for his (the director ) detailed questions. When I began negotiating, I started with the important issues.
The Chinese believe in avoiding conflict. It is always important to be patient. I was prepared to compromise,
so in the end, the meeting was successful.’
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
12
Whether you’re selling a new type of toothpaste to a chain of pharmacies, the latest computer software to a
school or a new kind of package holiday to a travel agency – you need to know …
How to make a sales pitch (‫ﻛﯿﻒ ﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﻌﺮض اﻟﻤﺒﯿﻌﺎت )ﺧﻄﺎب ﺑﯿﻊ‬
1. Do your research ‫ﻗﻢ ﺑﺈﺟﺮاء ﺑﺤﺜﻚ‬
Don't come away from a sales pitch wishing you had been better prepared. It is essential to know
everything about your product. Do you know when it (your product) was developed, and where
it (your product) is produced? You also need to know who the target market is – for example, the age
group or income of the people who (people ) might buy it (your product). Not only that, you should know all
about the competition – that is, similar products on the market. Why is your product superior to
others (other products) and why does it (your product) have better value?
In addition, you should know exactly which people you are speaking to, and what their (people) needs
are. For example, if they (people) represent a middle-class department store in a humble neighbourhood,
be ready to explain why your particular product would suit customers who (customers) do not have lots
of money. What makes your product perfect for them (customers)? Most of all, you need to believe in
what you’re selling, and the best way to do that is to use it!
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2. Prepare and practice ‫وﺗﺪرب‬

ّ ‫ﺣﻀﺮ ﻧﻔﺴﻚ‬
Plan your presentation carefully, not just what you will say, but how you will say it
(your presentation). Will you read it word by word, use notes or memorise it?Whatever you decide,
it is always a good idea to have a list of your main points, in case something interrupts you,
or you simply freeze with nerves (it happens!). Then practise it (your presentation), if possible in
front of colleagues. Make changes and practise it again.
3. Be professional ‫ﻛﻦ ﻣﺤﺘﺮﻓﺎ‬
Keep your presentation short and simple. Start with some friendly comments. For example ,thank
your hosts for allowing you to speak to them (hosts), and compliment their (hosts) company. Remember
to speak slowly and clearly. It is important to appear confident (even if you’re nervous!). While you’re
speaking, don’t keep your head down. Instead, look round the room and make eye contact with
your audience .Smile! When you’ve finished speaking, invite questions. If you don’t know the
answers, don’t pretend! Thank the questioner and promise to find out the answer (and do it (finding out
the answers)!). Finally, have a summary of your presentation ready to hand out at the end of the session.
I wish I had known all this (information of experience) when I started out in business! Good luck!.
__________________________________________________________________________
Career choices - 13
Fatima Musa is talking about her career as an interpreter. Listen and read. Check your answers to exercise 1.
My job as an interpreter
My name is Fatima Musa and I (Fatima) have worked as an interpreter for five years. Many students
have emailed me (Fatima) about my work because they (students) want to know what it would be like to do
my (Fatima) job. So here is my reply.
I (Fatima) have always been fond of languages. My father worked in many different countries when I
(Fatima) was young and we usually travelled with him (Fatima's father). When we visited a country, I always
wanted to learn the language. At school I was very good at English. Therefore, I decided on a career
as an interpreter.
My job now involves going to important conferences and seminars around the world. When a
person speaks in English at a conference, I listen to what they say through headphones. I then
translate into Arabic while the speaker is talking. I give the translation through headphones to other
people at the meeting. This means that anyone in the room who speaks Arabic can understand what
people are saying.
Is it an easy job? Not at all. English is not the same in all English-speaking countries. For
example, the English words that are used in India are sometimes different to the words that
people use in the UK, the USA or Australia. As well as knowing regional English, you also
need to know a lot of specialist language. Some of the words that (the words) are used to talk
about business, science or law, for example, make it almost a different language!
Unless you have a language degree, you will not be able to become an interpreter. Provided
that you have a postgraduate qualification, you will probably get a job as an interpreter quite
quickly. If you get an interview for a job, you will need to show that you have good listening
skills and a clear speaking voice. You will also need to show that you can think quickly and
that you are able to concentrate for long periods of time. If you are successful, it is a secure
and rewarding job. You will probably need to travel a lot, but that is not a problem as long as
you enjoy visiting other countries.
It is a very responsible job. I am aware that if I translate things badly, it could affect an important
law or trade agreement between countries. However, you get a huge feeling of satisfaction when
you know that people understand everything that you translate. 71
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Quotations ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬

1. Technology is just a tool. In terms of getting the kids working together and motivating them, the
teacher is the most important . Bill Gates (1955 CE–)
Technology is a tool because it is useful and effective way of involving children . However, in term of
making sure children learn or ensuring children's social development, teachers cannot be replaced .
They are the most important contributors to a person's education. But of course they can use
technology to help.
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2. He who has health has hope; and he who has hope, has everything . Thomas Carlyle (1795 CE–1881 CE).
The quotation is stressing the importance of health through emphasizing that it is possible to feel optimistic
about the future when one is healthy. Hope for the future and a positive attitude are seen as , overall, the most
important things in life.
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3. Wherever the art of Medicine is loved, there is also a love of Humanity . Hippocrates (460 BCE–370 BCE) .
Yes, I agree with this quotation because doctors depend on love to strengthen their relationships with their
patients and that are so helpful in curing diseases .
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. From India to Spain, the brilliant civilisation of Islam flourished . Bertrand Russell (1872 CE–1970 CE).
The quotation shows that Islam was leading the way in the world. showing how great a civilization at that
time.
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‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬ Quotation

1. "Anyone who stops learning is old, whether at twenty or eighty. Anyone who keeps learning stays young. "
Henry Ford ( 1863 CE – 1947 CE )
Ford refers to the fact that the world is moving forwards, so people need to keep up with progress.
He also refers to the brain being "trainable". i.e. if you practice learning, you will learn more effectively.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. “The limits of my language are the limits of my world.” Ludwig Wittgenstein.

All you know is what you have words for. So your world, and therefore your language, is limited to where
you live and your knowledge. As you expand your world and knowledge, so does your language.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. “Unless the exchange be in love and kindly justice, it will but lead some greed and others to hunger."
Gibran Khalil Gibran (1883 CE – 1931 CE).
I agree with the quotation. I think that Gibran is talking about trade here. He is taking about mutual respect,
and this could be applied to any exchange, as well as trade. He is perhaps commenting on the emergence of
capitalism.
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4. I’ve learned that making a living is not the same thing as making a life. Maya Angelou (1928 CE–2014 CE)
Making a living refers to your job and the money you earn to live on . Making a life is creating a way of
living that you want. You do the work in order to be able to have that, but it also depends on your friends
and family, and how you decide to behave. So "making a life is not totally dependant on the money you earn"
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Most people use their mobile phones for different purposes everyday. Explain this statement.
I think people use mobile phones every day for many purposes such as calling, searching the internet ,
taking photos, watching films and listening to music. Also, they use the internet for educational purposes
and to get information .
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2. Users of new technology face dangers because of actions of techno-criminals.

Explain this statement, suggesting three ways for protecting your computer.
- Being careful when opening new emails.
- Installing anti-virus programs and an Internet security software.
-using strange passwords
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3. In what ways can digital information be used to educate people ?

- By listening to lectures on line .
- Using Apps on tablets to learn language .
- Using the internet to find information on what you are studying. 72
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4. Do you think that computers will replace books one day ? Why ? Why not ?
Although computers are incredibly useful, I don't think they will replace books because, for many people, reading
is a very personal experience that doesn't feel the same when it is done on a computer.
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5. How do you think computer technology will develop further in the future ? How far do you agree with the article ?
I think that computer technology will develop further in the future to the point that it will know how to address our
every need. We will not have to think about everyday tasks like shopping and cleaning because technology will take
care of them.
I disagree with the article because I don't think that all aspects of our daily lives will rely on a computer program,
because this would result in too many problems if the computers crashed .
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6. We rely more and more on computer technology. How far do you agree that this is a positive development ?
I agree that computers have enabled us to do many great things, but becoming overly reliant on technology is not a
positive aspect of this development .
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7. The writer thinks that life in the future is going to see further changes in computer technology.
Explain this statement , justifying your answer.
In the future, life is going to see further changes in computer technology. It is likely that all aspects of everydaywill
rely on a computer program, from how we travel to how our homes are heated.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Supporting young people encourages them to do new things for their society, 4
Explain this statement, and in two sentences , write down your point of view. 5
I think this statement is true because this gives them self-confidence and helps in improving their skills and abilities
which in turn helps their societies. Also, they can do more research and inventions for their societies.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9. Advanced medicine has many effects on our life.

Think of this statement, and in two sentences, write down your point of view .
I think advanced medicine increases the life expectancy for the citizens and make their life more comfortable. Also, it
reduces the mortality rates among people and increases the healthy population growth which results in economic growth.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Critical thinking
1. Specialized schools are useful in our societies . Explain this statement .
I think they are useful because they can save the time and effort of our students as most of them don't want to study
some subjects which they don't like and don't want to specialize in.
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2. Studying abroad has many benefits (advantages) .

Think of this statement, and in two sentences, write down your point of view.
I think that studying abroad has many advantages such as learning a new language and be familiar with different
cultures. Also, students who study abroad become more self-confident and they learn to do everything themselves.
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3. Learning a foreign language is beneficial . Explain .

I think it provides the brain with beneficial exercises, which improves memory. Also, it improves decision-
making skills and problem-solving , makes the user more effective at multitasking and makes the user more
effective in using and understanding their own mother tongue.
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4. Learning English is very important today. Explain .

I think learning English is very important because it has become the language of science and
communication. Also, it is spoken almost all over the world.
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5. Suggest three ways to encourage people to learn a foreign language .

- Giving lectures about the importance of learning a foreign language.
- Making studying languages in universities free. - Practicing the languages day and night at home.
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6. Imagine you joined a small group of students on a course to learn English .

Think of three positive aspects, and three possible problems you may face .
Positive aspects : 1. Making new friends 2. Knowing others' customs 3. exchanging experiences
Possible problems : 1. Not adapting with others 2. feeling isolated 3. Relying on others.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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Vocabulary
Word or phrase Education in Jordan - 7 Arabic
academic connected with education ‫اﻛﺎدﯾﻤﻲ‬
compulsory obligatory; required ‫اﺟﺒﺎري‬
degree a qualification for completing a course of study ‫درﺟﺔ‬
diploma a document for completing a course of study ‫دﺑﻠﻮم‬
enroll arrange to join a school, university or a course ‫ﯾﺴﺠﻞ‬
Master's degree one or two years of study after having the first degree ‫ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﯿﺮ‬
Online distance learning learning system by using electronic communication ‫اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ‬
PhD a doctorate; the highest degree awarded by a university faculty ‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮراة‬
postgraduate someone who has finished their first degree and continuing to study a Master's or aPhD ‫دراﺳﺎت ﻋﻠﯿﺎ‬
Private university a university not operated by a government ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
Public university a university that is funded by a government ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﯿﺔ‬
qualifications official records of achievement awarded upon the successful completion of a course . ‫ﻣﺆھﻼت‬
undergraduate someone who has not yet completed their first degree ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﯿﺔ‬
vocational used to describe a particular job and the skills involved ‫ﻣﮭﻨﻲ‬
Space Schools - 3
Astrophysics The study of the chemical structure of the stars ‫اﻟﻔﯿﺰﯾﺎء اﻟﻔﻠﻜﯿﺔ‬
pioneering The first ‫ اول‬- ‫رﯾﺎدي‬
tutorial Lessons in small groups or for one person ‫درس ﺗﻌﻠﯿﻤﻲ‬
tailor-made custom-made ; made to fit exactly ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
undertake To commit yourself to do something and to start to do it ‫ ﯾﻘﻮم ب‬/ ‫ﯾﺨﻀﻊ ل‬
Learning a foreign language - 6
multilingual speaking , reading or writing in more than two languages ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﻠﻐﺎت‬
multitask to do several things at the same time ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪد اﻟﻤﮭﺎم‬
simulator a device that simulate a real machine. ‫ ﻣﺤﺎﻛﺎة‬- ‫ﺟﮭﺎز ﻣﺸﺎﺑﮫ‬
utterance Something that is said such as a statement ‫ﻛﻼم‬
The time we spend at school - 1
academic connected with education, ‫اﻛﺎدﯾﻤﻲ‬
compulsory obligatory – required ‫اﺟﺒﺎري‬
contradictory completely different – on different sides of the argument ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ‬
developed nation wealthy country ‫دوﻟﺔ ﻣﺘﻄﻮرة‬
fluently speaking a language very well, like a native speaker. ‫ﺑﻄﻼﻗﺔ‬
optional choice - opposite of compulsory ‫اﺧﺘﯿﺎري‬
tuition Lessons - Teaching, especially in small groups. ‫دراﺳﺔ – ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت‬
After School - 5
degree a qualification for completing a course of study ‫درﺟﺔ ﻋﻠﻤﯿﺔ‬
halls of residence accommodation provided by a university or college ‫ﺳﻜﻦ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻲ‬
motive reason ‫ﺣﺎﻓﺰ‬
minority not many; the opposite of "majority" ‫اﻗﻠﯿﺔ‬
fees costs ; charges ‫رﺳﻮم‬
debt money you owe ‫دﯾﻦ‬
financial relating to money ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻲ‬
How to revise for exams - 4
circulation the movement of blood around the body ‫اﻟﺪورة اﻟﺪﻣﻮﯾﺔ‬
memory the ability to remember things, places and experiences ‫ذاﻛﺮة‬
concentration attention ‫ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺰ‬
beneficial useful ‫ﻣﻔﯿﺪ‬
diet food ‫ﻏﺬاء‬
dehydration the state of having drunk too little water ‫ﺟﻔﺎف‬
nutrition the right kind of food for good health and growth ‫ﺗﻐﺬﯾﺔ‬
Word or phrase Anita's Blog - 2 Arabic

colloquial used mainly in informal conversations rather than in writing or formal speech ‫ﻋﺎﻣﯿﺔ‬
put my back into it tried extremely hard ‫ﯾﺠﺘﮭﺪ‬
fluently speaking a language very well ‫ﺑﻄﻼﻗﺔ‬
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Our country's exports and imports - 8

agreement promise to do something ‫اﺗﻔﺎﻗﯿﺔ‬
domestic happening in one particular country ‫ﻣﺤﻠﻲ‬
dominate to be the most important feature of something ‫ﯾﺴﯿﻄﺮ‬- ‫ﯾﮭﯿﻤﻦ‬
exports goods sold to another country ‫ﺻﺎدرات‬
extraction removing something from something else ‫ اﺳﺘﺨﻼص‬/ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج‬
fertiliser a substance that is put on the land to make crops grow ‫ﺳﻤﺎد‬
goods things that are produced in order to be sold ‫ﺑﻀﺎﺋﻊ‬
Gross Domestic Product a country’s total output of goods and services ‫إﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺞ اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻲ‬
imports goods bought from other countries ‫واردات‬

mineral a substance that is present in some foods ‫ﻣﻌﺪن‬
a substance that is found in the earth
pharmaceuticals companies which produce medicine ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺎت أدوﯾﺔ‬
reserve something kept back or set aside ‫ﻣﺨﺰون‬
The world of business – Doing business in China - 11

do a deal an agreement in business ‫ﯾﻌﻘﺪ ﺻﻔﻘﺔ‬
give a business card To give someone a card that shows a business person's name, position and contact details ‫ﯾﻘﺪم ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻋﻤﺎال‬
shake hands To move someone's hand up and down in a greeting ‫ﯾﺼﺎﻓﺢ‬
make small talk to have an informal chat with someone ‫ﯾﻌﻤﻞ ﺣﻮار ﺑﺴﯿﻂ‬
tell a joke to say something to make people laugh ‫ﯾﻘﻮل ﻧﻜﺘﺔ‬
be able to answer the ability to understand complicated questions ‫ﻗﺎدر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻣﻔﺼﻠﺔ‬
detailed questions
negotiate to discuss something in order to reach an agreement, especially in business or politics ‫ﯾﻔﺎوض‬
track record a person’s or organisation’s past achievements ‫ﺳﺠﻞ اﻷداء‬
How to make a sales pitch ? - 13

package holiday an organised trip with everything ‫ﺣﺰﻣﺔ رﺣﻠﺔ‬
sales pitch a presentation to sell a product ‫ﺧﻄﺎب ﺑﯿﻊ‬
target market customers ‫اﻟﺴﻮق اﻟﻤﺴﺘﮭﺪف‬
age group a set of people of similar age ‫اﻟﻔﺌﺔ اﻟﻌﻤﺮﯾﺔ‬
department store a large shop ‫ﻣﺘﺠﺮ ﻟﺴﻠﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
sales pitch (n) promises that someone makes to try to persuade someone to buy something ‫ﺧﻄﺎب اﻟﺒﯿﻊ‬
machinery (n) machines ‫ﻣﺎﻛﯿﻨﺎت‬
knitwear (n) clothing made from wool ‫ﻣﻼﺑﺲ ﺻﻮﻓﯿﺔ‬
extensively (adv) in a way to cover or affect a large area ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻲ‬
marketing The study of selling products to customers ‫ﺗﺴﻮﯾﻖ‬
Career Choices - 12
interpreter someone who translates spoken words from one language into another ‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬
fond of liking for someone or something ‫ﻣﻮﻟﻊ ب‬
seminar a class on particular subject – given in training ‫ﻧﺪوة‬
headphones a piece of equipment that you wear over your ears to listen to the radio, music ‫ﺳﻤﺎﻋﺎت‬
regional relating to a particular region or area ‫ ﻣﺤﻠﻲ‬- ‫اﻗﻠﯿﻤﻲ‬
concentration attention ‫ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺰ‬
secure safe – free from danger ‫اﻣﻦ‬
rewarding giving personal satisfaction ‫ﻣﺠﺰي‬
Stepping into the business world - 10

marketing promoting your product; finding customers ‫ﺗﺴﻮﯾﻖ‬
recruiting finding suitable employees ‫ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﻣﻮظﻔﯿﻦ ﺟﺪد‬
pensions money you save over your lifetime to pay for your old age ‫ﺗﻘﺎﻋﺪ‬
calculations maths; work with numbers ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺎت‬
web enquiries online questions ‫اﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ اﻟﻨﺖ‬
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Learn English fast – The natural way - 9

Immerse to be deeply involved in something and spend most of your time doing it. ‫ﯾﺰج ﻓﻲ – ﯾﻨﻐﻤﺮ ﻓﻲ‬
tailor-made custom-made ; made to fit exactly ‫ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
tuition teaching; especially in small groups ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ – دراﺳﺔ‬
academic connected with education ‫اﻛﺎدﯾﻤﻲ‬
postgraduate someone who has finished their first degree and continuinig to studt a Master's or aPhD ‫دراﺳﺎت ﻋﻠﯿﺎ‬
undergraduate someone who has not yet completed their first degree ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﯿﺔ‬
vocational used to describe a particular job and the skills involved ‫ﻣﮭﻨﻲ‬
career advisor someone who provides information to help people to make choices about their training or work ‫ﻣﺴﺘﺸﺎر ﻣﮭﻨﻲ‬
drop (acourse) To stop studying a certain subject at university ‫ﯾﺴﻘﻂ اﻟﻤﺎدة‬
stand out To be much better than other people or things ‫ﯾﺒﺮز – ﯾﻜﻮن اﻻﻓﻀﻞ‬
Word Meaning in English Word Meaning in English

Agriculture the science or practice of farming Linguistics the study of languages
Engineering the study of building roads, bridges, machines, Marketing the study of selling products
Astrophysics the study of the chemical structure of the stars Pharmacy the study of medicines.
Economics the study of money and goods Psychology the study of the mind and how it works
Business the study about running a company Sociology the study of societies and the
Management behaviour of people in groups.
You can see the following words in a curriculum vitae.

adaptable able to adapt to new conditions or situations achievements ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻜﯿﻒ‬
competent having enough skills or knowledge to do something training ‫ﻛﻔﺆ‬
conscientious showing a lot of care and attention (to a task) contact details ‫ﺣﻲ اﻟﻀﻤﯿﺮ‬
enthusiastic showing a lot of interest and excitement about something ‫ﻣﺘﺤﻤﺲ‬
keen having or showing eagerness or interest (in something) ‫ﻣﺘﻠﮭﻒ‬
personal attributes a quality or feature that is considered to be good or useful (in a person) ‫اﻟﺴﻤﺎت اﻟﺸﺨﺼﯿﺔ‬
qualifications official records of achievement after completing a course of study. ‫ﻣﺆھﻼت‬
reference a person who provides information about your character and abilities ‫ اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ‬- ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺮف‬
work experience a period of time that someone spends working in a particular place ‫اﻟﺨﺒﺮة اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﺔ‬
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Pronunciation: minimal pairs
Write the phonetic transcription for the underlined letters :
- the p sound /p/ pen / pack / rope the ee sound /іː/ been / dream / medium
- the b sound /b/ bend / back / robe the a sound /æ/ and / back / ran
- the n sound /n/ sun / India / win the ar sound /ɑ:/ bath / car / half
- the ing sound /ɳ/ song / singing / wing the e sound /e/ best / egg / deaf
- the i sound /ɪ/ fit / give / middle the ir sound /ᴈː/ birthday / world / girl
Pronunciation : International Phonetic Alphabet ( IPA ) : ( Phonetic Transcription )

word Phonetic Transcription word Phonetic Transcription
importance /ɪm'pɔ:təns/ technology /tek'nɑləd3i /
school /'sku:l/ audience / ɔ:diəns /
exercise /'eksəsaɪz/ healthy /'hel0i /
angry /'æŋgrɪ/ carrying /'kærɪjɪŋ/
calm /'kɑ:m /
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Giralda Tower
location Seville, Spain
Height over 104 metres
originally a minaret
designer Jabir Ibn Aflah
The Giralda Tower , which is one of the most important buildings in Seville, Spain, stands at just over 104 metres tall.
It was originally a minaret and the person who is believed to be responsible for the design was Jabir Ibn Aflah.
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Literature spot B
A Green Cornfield Christina Rossetti
1- The earth was green, the sky was blue: ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻻرض ﺧﻀﺮاء واﻟﺴﻤﺎء زرﻗﺎء‬
2- I saw and heard one sunny morn ( saw the skylark , heard his song) ‫ راﯾﺖ وﺳﻤﻌﺖ‬,‫ذات ﺻﺒﺎح ﻣﺸﻤﺲ‬
3- A skylark hang between the two, ( two : the earth and the sky ) (‫ذﻛﺮ ﻗﺒﺮة ﻣﻌﻠﻘﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻻﺛﻨﯿﻦ )اﻻرض واﻟﺴﻤﺎء‬
4- A singing speck above the corn; ( speck = small ) ‫ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑﻘﻌﺔ ﺻﻐﯿﺮة ﺗﻐﻨﻲ ﻓﻮق اﻟﺬرة‬
5- A stage below, in gay accord, ( gay = happiness , accord = agreement ) ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ ادﻧﻰ ﻣﻨﮫ وﻓﻲ ﺗﻨﺎﻏﻢ ﻣﺮح‬
6- White butterflies danced on the wing, ( danced = move quickly ) ‫رﻗﺼﺖ ﻓﺮاﺷﺎت ﺑﯿﻀﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﻨﺎح‬
7- And still the singing skylark soared, ( soared = high ) ‫ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﻻ ﯾﺰال اﻟﻘﺒﺮة اﻟﻤﻐﺮد ﯾﺤﻠﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺎ‬
8- And silent sank and soared to sing. ( sank = low) ‫وﯾﮭﺒﻂ ﺻﺎﻣﺘﺎ وﯾﺤﻠﻖ ﻋﺎﻟﯿﺎ ﻟﯿﻐﻨﻲ‬
9- The cornfield stretched a tender green ( tender = fresh and young ) ‫اﻣﺘﺪ ﺣﻘﻞ اﻟﺬرة اﺧﻀﺮ ﯾﺎﻧﻌﺎ‬
10- To right and left beside my walks; ‫اﻟﻰ اﻟﯿﻤﯿﻦ واﻟﯿﺴﺎر ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ ﺧﻄﻮاﺗﻲ‬
11- I knew he had a nest unseen ( a female bird sit unseen in the nest ) ‫ﻛﻨﺖ اﻋﺮف ان ﻟﮫ ﻋﺸﺎ ﻣﺨﻔﯿﺎ‬
12- Somewhere among the million stalks. ‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﻜﺎن ﻣﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻼﯾﯿﻦ اﻟﺴﯿﻘﺎن – اﻟﺬرة‬
13- And as I paused to hear his song ( paused = stopped / why ? to hear his song ) ‫وﺣﯿﻦ ﺗﻮﻗﻔﺖ ﻻﺳﻤﻊ اﻏﻨﯿﺔ‬
14- While swift the sunny moments slid , ( swift = fast ) ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻠﺤﻈﺎت اﻟﻤﺸﻤﺴﺔ ﺗﻨﺰﻟﻖ ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬
15- Perhaps his mate sat listening long, ( the female bird sat listening to the song) ‫ﻟﻌﻞ رﻓﯿﻘﺘﮫ )زوﺟﺘﮫ( ﺟﻠﺴﺖ ﺗﺴﺘﻤﻊ اﻟﯿﮫ طﻮﯾﻼ‬
16- And listened longer than I did. ( the poet left the cornfield ) ‫واﺳﺘﻤﻌﺖ ﻟﮫ ﻟﻔﺘﺮة اطﻮل ﻣﻤﺎ اﻧﺎ اﺳﺘﻤﻌﺖ‬

speck something small ‫ﺻﻐﯿﺮ‬
in accord something in agreement ‫ﺗﻨﺎﻏﻢ‬
tender fresh and young ‫ﯾﺎﻧﻊ‬
nest A bird lays eggs in it ‫ﻋﺶ‬
stalk The long, upright part of the plant that support the leaves ‫ﺳﺎق اﻟﻨﺒﺘﺔ‬
swift fast ‫ﺳﺮﯾﻊ‬- ‫ﺧﺎطﻒ‬
1. The poet feels content as she walks through a cornfield. 2. The skylark flying in the sky .
3. It doesn’t sing as it flies lower. 4. The butterflies move quickly in the cornfield.
5. The skylark’s nest is hidden in the cornfield.
6. The poet imagines that its ( companion / mate / the female bird ) is also listening somewhere in the cornfield.
Answer the questions about the poem.
1. The poet uses many examples of alliteration. Find one example. ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺎس‬
What effect is the poet trying to achieve with this technique?
Alliteration adds to the rhythm of the poem and also links dissimilar words together. ( soard and sink - silent and singing )
- singing – speck / listening – long / listened – longer
- And still the singing skylark soared / And silent sank and soared to sing
2. Find two references to another listener, apart from the poet herself. Who or what is this listener?
a. I knew he had a nest unseen. Means : ( The female bird is sitting unseen )
b. perhaps his mate sat listening long Means : (The listener is the female skylark)
3. How do we know that the poet leaves the cornfield before the skylark has stopped singing?
She says : Perhaps his mate sat listening long, And listened longer than I did.
This shows that the poet leaves the cornfield but speculates that the bird's mate might still be listening to the song :
therefore, the bird must still have been singing.
4. Rhyming words occur at the end of lines and in a pattern.
The pattern is called a rhyme scheme . Describe the rhyme scheme in this poem.
The rhyme scheme is abab. In other words the first line and third lines rhyme , as do the second and fourth.
5. What do the colours in the poem symbolise?
Green : the freshness of nature
Blue : bright and vivid nature
White : the purity and elegance of the butterfly.
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77
Around the World in Eighty Days by Jules Vern - 1873

50 miles
Hong Kong ………….. ( a steamer ) Calcutta /////////////////////// Allaabad ……………………. Kholby /////////////////////// Bombay
travelling through India by train.
Mr Phileas Fogg : English man - trying to complete a journey around the world in eighty days.
Mr Passepartout : Frenchman - his travelling companion
Sir Francis Cromarty : traveller
The train stopped at eight o’clock, in the midst of a glade some fifteen miles beyond Rothal, where there were several
bungalows and workmen's cabins. The conductor, passing along the carriages, shouted, 'Passengers will get out here!'
Sir Frances : "Where are we?" Conductor : "At the hamlet of Kholby."
Sir Frances : "Do we stop here?" Conductor :"Certainly : The railway isn’t finished."
Sir Frances :"What! Not finished?"
Conductor : "No. There’s still a matter of fifty miles to be laid from here to Allahabad, where the line begins again."(Sir)
Sir Frances : "Yet you sell tickets from Bombay to Calcutta,’ retorted Sir Francis, who was growing warm.
Conductor : "No doubt," replied the conductor,
"but the passengers know that they must provide means of transportation for themselves from Kholby to Allahabad."
Mr Fogg : "Sir Francis,’ said Mr Fogg quietly, ‘we will, if you please, look about for some means of conveyance to Allahabad."
Sir Frances : "Mr Fogg, this is a delay greatly to your disadvantage'.
Mr Fogg : "No Sir Francis; it was foreseen.
Sir Frances : "What! You knew that the way…… (
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mr Fogg :"Not at all, but I knew that some obstacle or other would sooner or later arise on my route. 2018
Nothing, therefore, is lost.
I have two gained days to sacrifice. A steamer leaves Calcutta for Hong Kong at noon, on the 25 th.
This is the 22nd, and we shall reach Calcutta in time.’ What form of transport is a steamer ? 2018
There was nothing to say to so confident a response. Write down the two cities which are mentioned ) 2018
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mr Fogg and Sir Francis Cromarty, after searching the village from end to end, came back without having found anything.
Mr Fogg : "I shall go afoot," said Phileas Fogg.
Passepartout, who had now rejoined his master, made a wry grimace, as he thought of his magnificent, but too frail Indian shoes.
After a moment's hesitation, he said, "Monsieur, I think I have found a means of conveyance." ‘What?
Passepartout : "An elephant! An elephant that belongs to an Indian who lives but a hundred steps from here."
Mr Fogg : "Let’s go and see the elephant," replied Mr Fogg.
They soon reached a small hut. Enclosed within some high palings, was the animal in question.
An Indian came out of the hut, and, at their request, conducted them within the enclosure. The elephant, which was
reared, not to be an animal that merely carried things around, but for warlike purposes, was half-domesticated.
Happily, however, for Mr Fogg, the animal’s instruction in this direction had not gone far, and the elephant still
preserved its natural gentleness. Kiouni – this was the name of the elephant – could doubtless travel rapidly for a long
time, and, in default of any other means of conveyance, Mr Fogg resolved to hire him. However, elephants are far from
being cheap in India as they are becoming scarce.
Male elephants, as they are only suitable for circus shows, are much sought after especially as the majority are
domesticated. When therefore Mr Fogg proposed to the Indian to hire Kiouni, he refused point-blank.
Mr Fogg persisted, offering the excessive sum of ten pounds an hour for the loan of the elephant to Allahabad.
Refused. Twenty pounds? Refused also. Forty pounds? Still refused.
Phileas Fogg, without getting in the least flurried, then proposed to purchase the animal outright, and at fi rst offered a
thousand pounds for him. The Indian, perhaps thinking he was going to make a great bargain, still refused. At two
thousand pounds the Indian yielded.
"What a price, good heavens!" cried Passepartout, "for an elephant." It only remained now to find
a guide, which was comparatively easy. A young Parsee*, with an intelligent face, offered his services, which Mr Fogg
accepted, promising so generous a reward as to materially stimulate his zeal.
The elephant was led out and equipped. Provisions were purchased at Kholby, and, while Sir Francis and Mr Fogg
took the howdahs* on either side, Passepartout got astride the saddle-cloth between them.
The Parsee perched ( alliteration ) himself on the elephant’s neck, and at nine o’clock they set out from the village,
the animal marching ( personification ) off through the dense forest of palms by the shortest cut.
* Parsee – a person living in South Asia but descended from Persia.
* howdah – a seat for riding an elephant / Literary devices : alliteration & personification 78
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Around the World in Eighty Days - by Jules Verne

Vocabulary
1. What kind of house is a bungalow? A house with one floor
2. How does the word hamlet suggest that there aren’t many houses or people . ( a very small village)
3. What form of transport is a steamer? It’s a ship powered by steam
4. What kind of facial expression is a wry grimace ?
It’s an expression that shows pain or unhappiness.
Why did Passepartout’s face show this expression? He wasn't happy
Because he didn’t want to walk far, as he didn’t think his shoes would be sturdy enough.
5. Which words tell us that the elephant was kept safely away from direct contact with humans?
Enclosed, palings: The elephant was in a compound surrounded by high palings.
In other words, the animal was fenced in an area.
bungalow a house with one floor ‫طﺎﺑﻖ واﺣﺪ‬
hamlet a very small village, which suggests that there are very few people and houses. ‫ﻗﺮﯾﺔ‬
steamer a ship powered by steam ‫ﺳﻔﯿﻨﺔ ﺑﺨﺎرﯾﺔ‬
wry grimace an expression that shows pain or unhappiness ‫ﻟﻮى ﻗﺴﻤﺎت وﺟﮭﮫ ﺑﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎض‬
growing warm an expression that that means getting annoyed ‫ﻏﻀﺐ واظﮭﺮ اﻻﻧﺰﻋﺎج‬
3. Complete the sentences with the correct word.

calm confident enthusiastic unapologetic worried
1. The conductor is -------------------------- about having sold a ticket to Allahabad to the travelers.
2. Mr Fogg is ------------------------------------- that he will still complete his journey in eighty days.
3. Passepartout feels ---------------- about the prospect of walking the rest of the way to Allahabad.
4. Mr Fogg remains ---------------------------------------- while he negotiates the sale of the elephant.
5. The guide is very ---------------------------------------------- about making the journey by elephant.
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Comprehension
1. Why can’t the train continue its journey from Kholby to Allahabad? Because the railway line hasn’t been completed.
2. Why is Sir Francis annoyed during his conversation with the conductor?
He is annoyed because he feels cheated by being sold a ticket to somewhere the train doesn’t go.
3. What expression is used to mean he is getting annoyed? Growing warm’ means getting annoyed 2016
4. How does Mr Fogg deal with the situation when he discovers that his train journey cannot continue?
Fogg says that he suspected that this might happen and suggests that they find another means of transport.
5. How does his attitude differ from that of Sir Francis?
Compared to Sir Francis, he is very calm and confident and doesn’t show any anger.
6. Why did the Indian man decide to rear an elephant? How was the elephant reared ?
He wanted it for fighting. The elephant was reared as a half – domesticated animal.
7. How do we know that the elephant is not aggressive?
“It still preserved its natural gentleness ”, meaning that it doesn't want to fight.
8. How many people travel on the elephant? Four people : the guide, passepartout, Sir Francis and Mr Fogg.
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Ideas
5. Find a line in the story that represents the following ideas. ( Time – money – transport )
1. Time : ‘Mr Fogg, this is a delay greatly to your disadvantage.’ ‘No, Sir Francis; it was foreseen.
2. Money : Phileas Fogg, without getting in the least flurried, then proposed to purchase the animal outright, and at
first offered a thousand pounds for him.
3. Transport : Happily, however, for Mr Fogg, the animal’s instruction in this direction had not gone far, and the
elephant still preserved its natural gentleness. Kiouni – this was the name of the elephant – could doubtless travel
rapidly for a long time, and, in default of any other means of conveyance, Mr Fogg resolved to hire him.
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6. Consider the idea of transport. Compare the train and the elephant. What are the advantages and disadvantages of
each mode of transport mentioned, and how does this relate to the rest of the extract?
elephant a good mode of transport. Travel rapidly and for a long time. More positive investment.
the elephant surpasses man-made transport and remains the best choice
train The railway is not finished. Travel slowly and for a short time . – the man-made transport fails
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. Do you think that this story shows the importance of time? Justify your answer.
- I think that this story shows the importance of time
when Phileas Fogg is so precise about the number of days they have to spare in line 24. And
where the elephant is described (‘rapidly’, line 41). However, I think that more importance is given to efficiency,
because Phileas Fogg is not in a hurry; he is instead very well prepared.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Compare and contrast the characters of Sir Francis and Phileas Fogg. Two different personalities
Plileas Fogg calm and confident (assured) - generous and self-controlled person – speaks quietly – polite
doesn't show any anger
Sir Francies gets easily angry – speak in exclamation and short sentences.
‫ اﻟﺴﯿﺮة‬Curriculum Vitae
Name Emad Abu Alzumar He is Emad Abu Alzumar
Contact details Hitten Camp , Marka He lives in Hitten Camp , Marka
Qualification degree in English (1990 CE) He has a degree in English in 1990 CE.
Work experience teacher of English,– 19990 – now He has worked as a teacher of English since 1990.
Personal attributes dedicated, ambitious worker. He is a dedicated and ambitious worker.
Skills and achievements Won the Distinguished teacher Award He won the Distinguished teacher Award
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Writing an essay / article. ( about …. / discussing … / mentioning..)
I think ----------this subject----------- is very important in our daily life which we should talk about and discuss all its
aspects because it has a great effect on our life / at school / in the society / in the world .
In this essay I intend to discuss the ( benefits / advantages / disadvantages /solutions / ways / effects / reasons /
results / factors ) of ------------- taking into consideration ------------------ and -------------------- .
In my point of view , (3 paragraphs ) ‫اﻻﻓﻜﺎر ﺣﺴﺐ اﻻﺳﺌﻠﺔ او اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة او اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع‬
Finally , I'd like to say that I hope I have discussed useful information that expresses the main aspects about ------------
‫) اﺳﻢ اﻟﻮﺿﻮع او اﻟﻤﻄﺎﻟﯿﺐ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع‬
______________________________________________________________________________________
Informal / Personal letter : Write a letter to your friend in USA telling him about your last holiday.
P.O Box …………..
Amman,
Jordan
Date, 20 June. 2019
Dear ……………….,
How are you ? fine, I hope ? How is your family ? I hope that all of you are very well.
I'm sorry I haven't written to you for three months, and that's because I'm having Tawjihi exams.
I'm writing to tell you about ----------------------------------------------( subject )----------------------------------------------------
Well , I have to finish now as I've got too much work to do. Please write back and let me know more about your latest news.
Hope to hear from you soon.
With love.
Yours sincerely,
( Name : ---------------- as written in the exam )
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Writing A Report
Write a report for your school magazine about the advantages and disadvantages of using the Internet ,
suggesting ideas for it .
To : My school magazine
From : a student
Date : 20 June , 2019
Subject : Using the internet
reasons and the results
The aim of this report is to discuss the advantages and the disadvantages of using the internet .
In my opinion, there are many advantages :
- Finding information - searching information
- Keeping in touch with friends - listening to music
On the other hand , there are many disadvantages :
- Making people unsocial
- causing eye diseases
To sum up , I'd like to say that I hope I have given enough and useful information about ---------------------------------
suggesting that using the internet should be under control and in specific times .
In conclusion , you should take my suggestions into consideration to find the best effective solutions for it. .
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Formal letter - Applying for a job

Receiver Address Sender Address
…………………….. P.O Box -------------
Amman, Amman,
Jordan Jordan
Date, 20 July. 2022
Dear ( Mr, Mrs, Dr, etc ),
I'm writing to apply for the job of -----------------(position)--------- at -------------- (name / school , company
)…..
You will see from my curriculum vitae that I have a Bachelor's degree in ---------------------------------------,
as well as --------------------------- experience at ----------------------.
I am now looking at a new challenge as -----------(position)---------, and -------------------------------------------
I am ( personal attributes ) = dedicated , enthusiastic , adapted , competent in my career, and ------------------
Please contact me for a reference. I look forward to hearing from you regarding the next stage of my application.
Yours faithfully,
( Name : ---------------- as written in the exam )
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Writing a blog
Do you know what you're going to study at university? ( ask a question such as advice)
I’ve come up with some ideas but I really need your help! ( State your problem )
Do get in touch if you have any stories or advice that you think might help me to make this life changing choice.
Firstly, I want to help people, but Science is not my strongest subject so I won’t be able to do Medicine. I
could study Psychology and follow a career path in that area, but I don’t know much about it. If any of you
are Psychology students, please do message me about your course. I’d love to hear about it – what you love,
what you like, and of course what you don't like at all!
Secondly, I’d really like to study something like Linguistics, because I’ve always been interested in
language. I’ve done some research and found out that, while it doesn’t lead directly to a career, it is
interesting and academic, as well as a well-respected degree. Can you help me get a better picture of it?
So, can you help me with my decision? We could start up a useful conversation about choosing paths for
ourselves at this next exciting stage!
( Restate your question or subject and ask students to get involved)
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‫‪Free Writing‬‬
‫‪1. essay‬‬ ‫‪2. composition‬‬ ‫‪3. Article‬‬
‫ﯾﻤﻨﻊ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻀﻤﯿﺮ )‪ (I‬ﻋﻨﺪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ) ‪ (article‬ﻻﻧﻚ ﺗﺮﯾﺪ ان ﺗﻜﺘﺐ راي اﻟﻨﺎس وﻟﯿﺲ راﯾﻚ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺪاﯾﺔ‬
‫‪Discursive essay‬‬ ‫‪Descriptive essay‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻨﻘﺎﺷﯿﺔ )اﯾﺠﺎﺑﯿﺎت وﺳﻠﺒﯿﺎت ( – وﺟﮭﺎت ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫) اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻮﺻﻔﯿﺔ او اﻟﺘﺼﻮﯾﺮﯾﺔ (‬
‫…… ‪1. Write an essay discussing the‬‬ ‫‪1. Write an essay describing -----------------------‬‬
‫‪- advantages and disadvantages‬‬ ‫‪( an event – a holiday – after school – the diseases‬‬
‫‪- negatives and positives‬‬ ‫‪School – accidents - people – 1st day at work …..etc‬‬
‫‪- reasons and results‬‬
‫‪- merits and demerits‬‬ ‫‪ .1‬اﺳﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﺰﻣﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬
‫‪- The importance of ……. / The necessity of ………..‬‬
‫‪Suggesting solutions , ways , methods , …….etc.‬‬ ‫‪ .2‬اﺳﺘﺨﺪم ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪ will‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﻤﻞ‬
‫________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‬
‫‪Title‬‬ ‫) ‪( experiences and emotions‬‬ ‫‪ .3‬ﺗﻜﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرب واﻟﻌﻮاطﻒ‬

‫‪Introduction :‬‬
‫) ‪( personal viewpoint‬‬ ‫‪ .4‬ﯾﺠﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ راﯾﻚ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫) ‪General statement ( questions‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺆال ﻗﺒﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪write‬‬
‫‪Thesis statement‬‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺆال ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ‪write‬‬
‫‪will‬‬ ‫‪ - Body .5‬ﯾﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ وﺻﻒ وﺗﻨﺒﺆات ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬
‫اﻛﺘﺐ رأي اﻟﻨﺎس او اﻟﺮأي ﺑﻮﺟﮭﺘﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ وﻟﯿﺲ رأﯾﻚ‬
‫‪Body‬‬ ‫‪ .6‬اﺳﺘﺨﺪم اﻻدوات اﻟﺒﻼﻏﯿﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ ‪:‬‬

‫‪Like / as -----as / metaphor / onomatopoea‬‬
‫ﺛﻼث او ارﺑﻊ ﻓﻘﺮات ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺶ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺒﯿﻦ ) اﻻﯾﺠﺎﺑﯿﺎت واﻟﺴﻠﺒﯿﺎت (‬
‫اﺳﺒﺎب وﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪ .7‬اﺳﺘﺨﺪم ﻛﻠﻤﺎت اﺷﻌﻮر ﻣﺜﻞ ‪:‬‬
‫‪.-----------------------------1- advantages----------------------‬‬ ‫‪Seem – sound – look – feel‬‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬ ‫) ‪( summery and opinion‬‬ ‫‪ .8‬اﻛﺘﺐ ﻣﻠﺨﺺ وراﯾﻚ‬
‫‪.-----------------------------2- disadvantages--------------------‬‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬ ‫‪ .9‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ رأﯾﻚ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع وﻟﯿﺲ اﻟﺮأي اﻟﻌﺎم‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪.----------------------------- conclusion--------------------‬‬
‫) ‪( summery – your opinion – some advice‬‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻌﻨﻮان ﻓﻲ وﺳﻂ اﻟﺴﻄﺮ ووﺿﻊ ﺧﻂ ﺗﺤﺘﮫ‬

‫‪ .2‬اﻻھﺘﻤﺎم ﺑﺎﻧﻤﻂ واﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ‪ form‬وھﻮ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ وﻋﺮض وﺧﺎﺗﻤﺔ وﯾﻔﻀﻞ اﻟﺒﺪأ ﺑﺴﺆال او ﺳﺆاﻟﯿﻦ‬
‫‪ .3‬اﺗﺮك ﻓﺮاغ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﯾﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻓﻘﺮة ‪indentation‬‬
‫)‪(S+V+O‬‬ ‫‪ .4‬اﺑﺪأ ﺑﺤﺮف ﻛﺒﯿﺮ ‪ Capital letter‬وﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ او ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺳﺆال او ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺗﻌﺠﺐ واﺳﺘﺨﺪم ﻋﻼﻣﺎت اﻟﺘﺮﻗﯿﻢ واﻧﺘﺒﮫ ﻟﺘﺮﺗﯿﺐ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬
‫‪ . 5‬اﺑﺪأ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﺎﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ او اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ وﻋﺎدة ﺗﺸﺪ ذھﻦ اﻟﻘﺎرئ ‪general statement -‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ ﺿﻊ ﺟﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع وﻋﺎدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻨﻘﺎﺷﯿﺔ ﺗﻜﻮن راي اﻟﻨﺎس اﻣﺎ اﻟﺘﺼﻮﯾﺮﯾﺔ ﻓﺘﻜﻮن راﯾﻚ ‪Thesis statement -‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم اي ﺗﺮﻗﯿﻢ او ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ‪1. 2. 3.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎرات اﺑﺪا وﻟﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪم اﻻﻓﻌﺎل ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ‪He is / They have / I am / We are -‬‬
‫‪ .9‬اﺳﺘﺨﺪم ادوات اﻟﺮﺑﻂ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ ‪Linking words :‬‬
‫‪ .10‬اﻛﺘﺐ ﺑﻠﻐﺔ رﺳﻤﯿﺔ وﺗﺠﻨﺐ واﻧﺘﺒﮫ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﻔﻲ ان ﺗﻀﻊ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ) ‪ ( not‬ﻟﻮﺣﺪھﺎ ﺑﺪون ان ﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﻊ اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬
‫‪ .11‬اﺳﺘﺨﺪم ازﻣﻨﺔ ﺳﮭﻠﺔ وﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ زﻣﻦ وﻋﺎدة اﺳﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ ‪Present Simple -‬‬
‫‪ .12‬ﺗﺠﻨﺐ اﻻﺧﻄﺎء اﻻﻣﻼﺋﯿﺔ واﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪﯾﺔ‬
‫‪ .13‬ﻻ ﺗﻜﺮر اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت واﻻﻓﻜﺎر وادوات اﻟﺮﺑﻂ‬
‫‪ .14‬اﺑﺘﻌﺪ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻘﻮاﻟﺐ اﻟﺠﺎھﺰة ﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع اﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ‬
‫‪ .15‬ﻻ ﺗﺘﻔﻠﺴﻒ ﻛﺜﯿﺮ وﺗﻜﺘﺐ اﺳﻤﻚ او ﺗﻮﻗﯿﻌﻚ او اي اﺷﺎرات ﺗﺪل ﻋﻠﯿﻚ‬
‫‪ .16‬ﻓﻲ ﺟﺴﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع او ‪ Body‬ﺗﻘﯿﺪ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ وﺗﻜﻠﻤﺖ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻜﻲ ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﺘﺮاﺑﻂ‬
‫‪ .17‬ﺣﺎول ان ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪ اﻟﻤﺒﻨﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﺠﮭﻮل ‪ Passive‬ﻟﺘﻌﻄﻲ ﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﻚ ﻗﻮة وﺗﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫) ‪( reason - result – opposition‬‬ ‫‪ .18‬اﺳﺘﺨﺪم ﻛﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﻮظﺎﺋﻒ اﻟﻠﻐﻮﯾﺔ ‪ Language functions‬اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺴﺒﺐ واﻟﻨﺘﯿﺠﺔ واﻟﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ واﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫) ‪( clearity and coherence‬‬
‫‪ .19‬ﯾﺠﺐ ان ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻟﯿﻌﻄﻲ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﻖ ﻟﻼﻓﻜﺎر وﻣﻨﻄﻘﯿﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ووﺿﻮح‬
‫‪ .20‬اﺳﺘﺨﺪم ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺘﮫ ﻣﻦ ھﺬه اﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮاﻋﺪ وﻛﻠﻤﺎت واﻓﻜﺎر وﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎت‬
‫‪ .21‬ﯾﺠﺐ ذﻛﺮ اﻟﺸﯿﺊ اﻟﻤﺮاد اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻨﮫ ﻣﺜﻼ ‪( In this essay , …… In this article , …… In this report , …….. ) :‬‬
‫‪ .22‬اﺗﺮك ﺑﯿﻦ ﻛﻞ ﻓﻘﺮة وﻓﻘﺮة ﻓﺮاغ ‪space -‬‬
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Advantages ‫اﻻﯾﺠﺎﺑﯿﺎت‬ Disadvantages ‫اﻟﺴﻠﺒﯿﺎت‬

Think positively – positive – dealing with this unsafe – strange – dangerous – expensive –
subject wisely - Try hard – increase awareness – boring – bad – noisy – serious – annoying –
develop skills – useful – beneficial – exciting – discouraging – uncomfortable
develop abilities – effective – comfortable – waste time and effort
important – safe – great – attractive – interesting takes a lot of time
educational – save time and effort - careful It is always a risk
convenient – more pleasant – stimulates
do research , practice ------- , keep in touch with ----
Linking words Introduction

Consequence : because - because of – so - since - The aim of this essay
Therefore - consequently - in consequence - This article examines
As a result – due to In this essay / article ,
___________________________________________
Contrast : But – while – Although – However , Unlike Giving examples
On one hand , On the other hand For example – such as – like – For instance
___________________________________________
Time : Firstly - Secondly - Thirdly – Finally – then - Conclusion / Recommendation
When – while – before – after It appears that
if – neither … nor - either … or - It is recommended that
Giving reasons Writing an essay

- 3 or 4 paragraphs
- Because this can increase the awareness of --------------
- Introduction : ( What the essay will be about )
- Because it is / it can -----------------------------------------
- Topic sentence : ( Introducing paragraph 1 )
- Since it stimulates -------------------------------------------
- 3 advantages ( an example of each advantage )
- As it can make people --------------------------------------
- Topic sentence : ( Introducing paragraph 2 )
- Because it / this can cause serious problems .
- 3 advantages ( an example of each advantage )
- Since it is always risky .
- Conclusion : summerise the main points
- Because it has a negative effect on social life , on our Giving personal comments .
families , at schools .
S+V+O
93
83
Free Writing
Title
write ‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺆال ﻗﺒﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬
What do you know about --------------------------------------------------- ?

Do you know what --------------------------------------------------------- is ?
Have you ever wondered about -------------------------------------------- ?
Is the ------------------------ good for young people / students / people ?
Introduction
There are many important issues in the modern world these days . One of these issues is ----------- .
For many people , it is believed that this topic sounds very interesting and remarkable to talk about .
No one can deny that ------------------------------------ is an important and main point in people's lives .
In this essay , I intend to write about ------------------- (Health in Jordan ) ( ‫ ) ﺟﻤﻠﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮع‬write ‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺆال ﺑﻌﺪ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬
Body
Actually , there are a lot of positive points ( advantages ) which are clear about this topic .
‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪك‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪك‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪك‬
First of all , ------------------------- is noticeably --------------------, ------------------ and ------------------------- .

‫اﻋﻄﻲ ﺳﺒﺐ‬
Secondly , It is ----------------------- and --------------------------- . For example , ----------------------------------.

‫ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪك‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪك‬
In addition to this , we should never forget that it might be very --------------------- and ----------------------
‫اﻋﻂ ﺳﺒﺐ‬
because -----------------------------------------------
Finally , ------------------------------ and ----------------------------- is obviously known .
Of course , it has been very great to hear about that .
However , ( On the other hand ) , there are some disadvantages ( negative consequences ) of ----------- ‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‬
For example , it could be ---------- (negative point)------------ and ---------- (negative point)--------------
‫اﻋﻂ ﺳﺒﺐ‬
Because it is --------------------------------------------------.
Moreover, ( In addition ) , it is known that it is --------------------------------- and -------------------------------
Finally , --------------------------------------------------------------------
That's why we should carefully pay attention when dealing with these points.
Conclusion
In the end , ( To sum up ) , It is for these points, which have been considered importantly and
logically , this topic deserves to be discussed. Also, there should be a kind of balance in dealing with such
an issue and we should take the advantages and disadvantages into consideration .
In my opinion, ( Personally ) , ------------------------------- made our life pleasant although it is

impossible to forget its impacts that will certainly influence the way we live . Therefore, we should
do our best to enhance this field because it affects all the aspects of our life .
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84
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Online Learning

Most people now use the internet on computers and smartphones to do a variety of tasks such as online learning .
Although using the internet to study is usually easy, it has many disadvantages because students cannot concentrate or
ask the questions they don’t understand easily. Also, learning online and using the internet can save the time and
effort of students, but they are bad ways in getting all the information they need in their study, especially when they
study for the Tawjihi exams.
Moreover, The internet and the distance learning programmes have given us a choice as students to complete our
studies at home but they made studying boring , tiring and unpleasant.
Although computers , the internet and the distance-learning programmes are incredibly useful, I don't think they will
replace face-to-face learning one day because, for many people, face-to-face learning is a way that makes you feel
more comfortable , satisfied and confident about the information and the knowledge you get and memorise.
Finally, I agree that the internet and the distance-learning programmes have enabled us to continue our study at home,
but I feel becoming reliant on technology in studying is not positive , especially when we study for Tawjihi exams.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Advantages and disadvantages of " The Internet of Things "
Everyone knows that the internet connects people, but now it does more than that- it connects objects, too. These
days, computers often communicate with each other.
In this essay, I am going to talk about the advantages and disadvantages of the " Internet of things ". It has many
advantages in health such as monitoring health and activity. It can also be useful at home.
On the other hand , there are many disadvantages of the "Internet of things " such as having less privacy.
As a result, criminals could get control of your personal information and take over the whole system.
Many people are excited about the ' Internet of Things' because they say that our lives will be easier and more
comfortable. However, others want to keep control of their own lives and their own things because they are afraid of
what will happen in the future if criminals managed to access their passwords and security settings..
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Health in Jordan
Health conditions in Jordan are among the best in the Middle East. This is largely due to the country’s
commitment to making healthcare for all a top priority. Advances in education, economic conditions and
clean water have made our community healthier.
As a result of careful planning, healthcare services have been increasing rapidly over the past years. Now,
Jordan continues to battle the corona virus that has put the lives of Jordanian people in danger. Jordan is
trying now to overcome this global crises by doing all the best to stop the spread of this virus. Despite the
limited financial resources, Jordan has successfully controlled the spread of this dangerous disease by doing
many procedures. For example , it closed its air and land borders and also the institutions.
I think all these factors will make Jordan’s healthy population growth, which will result in a strong work force with
economic benefits for the whole country in the future.
Finally, I think we will win if we want and if we follow the instructions and the advice of the government .
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ibn Bassal was a writer, a scientist and an engineer who lived in Al-Andalus in the eleventh century CE. He
worked in the court of Al-Ma’mun, who was the king of Toledo. His great passions were botany, which is
the study of plants and agriculture. Although he was a great scholar, he was also a practical man and all of
his writing came from his own "hands-on" experience of working the land.
One of the many things which Ibn Bassal achieved was A Book of Agriculture. The book consisted of
sixteen chapters which explain how best to grow trees, fruit and vegetables, as well as herbs and sweet
smelling flowers; perhaps the most famous chapter of all was the one that described how to treat different
types of soil. Ibn Bassal also worked out how to irrigate the land by finding underground water and digging
wells. He designed water pumps and irrigation systems. All of these things were passed on through his writing.
The influence of Ibn Bassal’s book was enormous. As farmers down the generations followed his
instructions and advice, the land became wonderfully fertile and produced more than enough food for the
fast-growing population. The irrigation systems that he and his followers put in place are still in evidence in
Spain. Although his name is not widely known, Ibn Bassal’s legacy to the world has been great.
85
Level 3
1. She --------------------------- tennis everyday.
a. aren’t play b- doesn't play c. isn't play d- don't play
2. Every twelve months, the Earth ---------------------- around the sun.
a- circle b- circled c- circles d- has circled
3. The train ------------------- tonight at 6.00 pm.
a- is going to leave b- will leave c- will be living d- leaves
4. He never ---------------------- his wallet.
a- forget b- forgot c- forgets d- has forgotten
5. ------------------------- Salem visit Ali everyday ?
a- Do b- Did c- Is d- Does
6. We ------------------- always listen to music.
a- don't b- doesn't c- aren’t d- haven't
7. I ----------------------- the present continuous now.
a- study b- studying c- am studying d- have studied
8. She ----------------------- with her friend until her father comes.
a- stay b- is staying c- stayed d- will stay
9. You are always ---------------------------- your keys.
a- lose b- lost c- losing d- will lose
10. I ----------------------- my father tomorrow.
a- will meet b- meet c- am meeting d- will be meeting
11. They have --------------------- the law.
a- broke b- break c- breaking d- broken
12. I ------------------------- my driving test , so I can borrow his car next week.
a- have passed b- passed c- have been passing d- will pass
13. She ----------------------- lunch today.
a- had b- has c- has had d- will have
14. We ----------------------- Sami this week.
a- saw b- have seen c- had seen d- see
15. She ---------------------- for two hours.
a- has talked b- talked c- will talk d- has been talking
16. The police ------------------------ people all week.
a- interviewed b- have been interviewing c- will interview d- have interviewed
17. I ------------------------ a movie yesterday.
a- saw b- have seen c- see d- have been seen
18. I always ----------------------- every morning when I was a student.
a- exercise b- exercised c- exercising d- was exercising
19. I --------------------- French when I was a child.
a- was studying b- study c- have studied d- studied
20. I --------------------------- TV when she called
a- was watching b- watched c- were watching d- have watched
21. While she ----------------------------- a letter the phone rang.
a- wrote b- has written c- had written d- was writing
22. I ------------------------- TV yesterday in the evening.
a- was watching b- watched c- were watching d- have watched
23. By the time Alex ---------------------- his studies, he had been in London for over eight years.
a- finishing b- has finished c- was finishing d- finished
24. By 1860, two men --------------------------- climbing two mountains.
a- will have finished b- has finished c- had finished d- finished
25. By the time the bus arrived, we ----------------------------- for an hour.
a- had waited b- had been waiting c- will have waited d- waited
26. After Ali ------------------------ at home for 10 hours, he went to his uncle's house.
a- had been being b- has been c- was d- had been
27. The year 2019 -------------------------- a very interesting year.
a- will b- has been c- had been d- will be
28. A: the phone is ringing. B: I ---------------------- answer it .
a- will b- will be c- answer d- answered
29. She ------------------- probably come back tomorrow.
a- is b- will be c- has d- will
30. I think Brazil ------------------------ the World Cup.
a- have won b- won c- is going to win d- will win
31. He ---------------------------- his vacation in Aqaba.
a- will spend b- is going to spend c- had spent d- spending
32. The clouds are dark. It -------------------------- any minute.
a- rains b- rained c- is going to rain d- rain
33. Salma ----------------------------- a new baby.
a- will b- will have c- is going to have d- is going to had
34. She said that she ------------------------ to the National gallery the week before.
a- went b- will go c- had gone d- gone
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86
35. He said he ---------------------- a teacher.

a- is b- has been c- will be d- was
36. Am introductory grammar of Jordanian sign language --------------------------- in 2004.
a- published b- was published c- had been published d- publishing
37. At the moment , a lot of research into the language ---------------------------.
a- was done b- is being done c- had been done d- were done
38. The television --------------------------- by John loggie Baird.
a- invented b- was invented c- is invented d- will be invented
39. A place where no cars ------------------------- is a car free zone.
a- are allowed b- is allowed c- allowed d- was allowed
40. A new vocational school -------------------------- recently in my area.
a- built b- was built c- has been built d- is built
41. Different goods among the countries can be ------------------------ by traders.
a- transporting b- transport c- transported d- transports
42. If you boil water, it --------------------------- .
a- will evaportae b- evaporate c- would evaporate d- evaporates
43. If Sami studies hard, he ------------------------- all his exams.
a- pass b- passes c- will pass d- would pass
44. If I ------------------------- you, I would send a text message .
a- was b- were c- am d- had
45. I had my computer --------------------------.
a- fix b- fixes c- fixing d- fixed
46. I intend ---------------------- English language.
a- learn b- learns c- to learn d- learning
47. I want --------------------- a tablet.
a- to get b- getting c- will get d- get
48. I can't afford ------------------------ a computer at the moment.
a- to buy b- buying c- must buy d- going to buy
49. If Ali --------------- his own computer, he wouldn't need to use his friend's computer.
a- has b- have c- had had d- had
50. Many Jordanian poems ------------------------ into English now.
a- translates b- are translating c- are being translated d- have been translated
51. Are you planning --------------------- shopping tomorrow ?
a- to go b- going c- will go d- goes
52. I ----------------------------- understand English, but now I do .
a- used to b- am used to c- didn't use to d- am not used to
53 . My grandparents didn't ------------------------------emails when they were my age.
a- used to send b- use to send c- used to send d- use to sending
54. We always go to the market across the street, so we ------------------- fresh vegetables.
a- are used to b- are use to c- used to d- use to
55. Will it still ----------------------- this evening ?
a- rain b- raining c- have rained d- be raining
56. Don't phone me at seven. I ----------------------- dinner with my family.
a- will have b- will be having c- am going to have d- will have had
57. This time next month, my parents ---------------------- for twenty years.
a- will marry b- will have married c- are going to marry d- marry
58. You can borrow this book tomorrow. I ------------------------ it by then .
a- will have finished b- will be finishing c- will finish d- am going to finish
59. Perhaps Issa's phone is broken. Issa's phone might -------------------------.
a- broke b- be broke c- break d- be broken
60. ----------------- the "Internet of Things" will make our life easier, it will make many problems to privacy.
a- Therefore b- However c- Although d- In addition
61. On the one hand, life would be easier. ---------------------------, we will have less privacy and security.
a- Therefore b- However c- Although d- On the other hand
62. Lights will go on and off automatically. ----------------------------------, we will save energy.
a- Therefore b- However c- Although d- On the other hand
63. I told you about the man ----------------------- lives next door.
a- who b- which c- where d- whose
64. Do you see the tiger ----------------------- is lying on the roof ?
65. The city --------------------- we met Ali is very beautiful.
66. I live in the city --------------------- is surrounded by many mountains .
67. I know the minister --------------------- brother is my friend .
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87
Level 4
1. I can't run as ---------------------------as you .
a. faster b- fast c. faster than d- the fastest
2. I haven't got as much homework ------------------- my brother.
a- so b- than c- as d- like
3. Do you think Geography is more interesting than History, or --------------------- interesting ?
a- little b- much c- most d- less
4. I don't like running as --------------------- as I like swimming.
a- many b- more c- often d- much
5. We practice our English as --------------------- as possible .
a- many b- more c- often d- much
6. My sister doesn't eat as much as I do . She always puts ---------------- on her plate than I do.
a- more b- less c- much d- many
7. I didn't enjoy the book. In fact it was the ------------------ interesting story I've ever read .
a- less b- more c- least d- most
8. The bus is late. We have to wait a little ------------------------.
a- earlier b- faster c- longer d- better
9. The ------------------------ thing on the menue is orange juice.
a- less cheap b- least cheap c- cheapest d- expensive
10. There isn't as -------------------- information on the website than in the book.
a- many b- more c- much d- few
11. Do you mind ------------------------- why the train is late ?
a- explain b- explains c- explaining d- explained
12. Do you know ------------------------- I've passed my exams or not ?
a- if b- whether c- where d- when
13. Do you mind telling me ----------------------- the library is ?
a- if b- whether c- where d- when
14. Could you explain ----------------------- I can solve this Maths problem ?
a- if b- whether c- how d- why
15. Do you know ------------------------- we will know our results ?
a- when b- where c- if d- who
16. Could you possibly tell me --------------------- the Arabic teacher is ?
a- when b- where c- if d- who
17. Children are -----------------------to be afraid of ghoasts.
a- say b- says c- saying d- said
18. When Omar gave a speech, the class looked at ------------------- in admiration.
a- he b- his c- him d- them
19. Did you leave Fatima out ? Remember, -------------------- is invited .
a- he b- her c- she d- them
20. If I were you, I --------------------- study harder
a- will b- would have c- would be d- would
21. Jordanian sign language is the sign language that ----------------------- in Jordan.
a- used b- is used c- use d- using
22. Ali did not pass his exams. If only he --------------- harder last year.
a- studied b- studies c- has studied d- had studied
23. It was too hot to go to the beach yesterday. If only it --------------------- cooler.
a- were b- was c- had been d- has been
24. I feel ill. I wish I ----------------------- so many sweets!
a- had eaten b- hadn't eaten c- ate d- didn't eat
25. Ziad is not very good at basketball. He wishes he ------------------------------ taller!
a- is b- was c- were d- weren't
26. I can’t do this exercise. I wish I ----------------------------------------- it.
a- understood b- understand c- understanding d- understands
27. Mr Haddad does not understand the Chinese businessman. If only he ------------- Chinese.
a- speak b- spoke c- had spoken d- speaks
28. A new vocational school -------------------------- recently in my area.
a- built b- was built c- has been built d- is built
29. I always have to get home early. I wish my parents ------------------------ me stay out later.
a- let's b- won't let c- would let d- will let
30. If only I ----------------- lost my ticket!
a- haven't b- didn't c- hadn't d- weren't
31. If you -------------to learn a new language, you need to be motivated.
a- will want b- want c- wanted d- would want
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32. Jaber isn’t old enough to drive a car. He wishes he ------------------------ older .
a- was b- were c- had been d- had
33. My cousins don’t live near here. I wish they ----------------------- so far away.
a- were b- weren't c- had been d- hadn't been
34. Would you like to work ----------------- a teacher in a big school?
a- about b- on c- as d- into
35. We need to decide --------------- a place to meet.
a- into b- on c- at d- about
36. Can you translate this Arabic ---------------- English for me, please?
37. If Ali --------------- his own computer, he wouldn't need to use his friend's computer.
a- has b- have c- had had d- had
38. I’d like to talk _____ the film I’ve just seen; it was brilliant!
39. The teacher asked us ------------------ our favourite books.
40 . My sister is really good ------------------ drawing and painting.
a- on b- at c- into d- about
41. Plants die if they ----------------------------- enough sunlight.
a- don't get b- didn't get c- doesn't get d- aren't
42. Water -------------------- to ice if the temperature falls below zero.
a- turn b- turning c- turned d- turns
43. Provided that it --------------------------, we will have a picnic next week.
a- don't rain b- hadn't rained c- doesn't rain d- had rained
44. Even if Omar ----------- his driving test this afternoon, he won't have his own car.
a- passed b- passes c- pass d- passed
45. Babies --------------------- usually happy as long as they’re hungry or cold.
a- will be b- are c- will d- had been
46. If my father had gone to university, he -------------------- a teacher.
a- will be b- could be c- could have been d- might be
47. Unless you have a language degree, you --------------- not be able to become an interpreter.
a- do b- won't c- will d- wouldn't
48. If you get an interview for a job, you --------------to show that you have good listening skills.
a- will need b- would need c- will d- would
49. 79. She worked hard; ----------------------------, she did very well in her exams.
a- since b- so c- consequently d- due to
50. ------------------------ you heat water to 100°C, it boils.
a- when b- unless c- provided that d- even if
51 . You will not pass your exams -------------------- you study hard.
52. Do you usually go home or meet your friends ----------------- school finishes ?
53. ------------------------ you don't water the plants, they will die.
a- when b- unless c- if d- even if
54. Your new computer will last a long time ------------------- you are careful with it
a- when b- unless c- as long as d- even if
55. We need umbrellas ------------------------ it rains.
a- when b- unless c- as if d- even if
56. The teacher will be pleased ---------------------I write a good essay.
57. We should always be polite ------------------------ we feel tired.
58. If Huda ------------- ill yesterday, she wouldn’t have missed the exam.
a- wasn't b- hadn't been c- been d- hadn't
59. We were caught in traffic, ---------------------- we missed the start of the play.
a- since b- as c- therefore d- due to
60. Jaber looked ---------------------------- he hadn’t slept very well.
a- if b- if c- unless d- as if
61. We couldn’t go to the stadium ---------------------- there weren’t any tickets left
a- since b- so c- therefore d- due to
62. ---------------------------- I was tired, I went to bed
a- As b- So c- Therefore d- Due to
63. We were late -------------------------- the traffic
a- since b- so c- therefore d- due to
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1. The ----------------------- views of the meeting were not rejected by the manager. 2020
a. contradictory b. contradectory c. contradactory d. contradoctory
2. The book has been translated into English from the ------------------- Arabic text. 2020
a. original b. origenal c. origanal d. oreginal
3. Studying ---------------------- lets me focus on my love of language in an analytical way ------- 2020
a. Linguistics / . b. Linguestics / ! c. Lenguistics / . d. Lenguistics / ?
4. After each lesson in the laboratory, we always help the teacher to put the ----------------- away. 2021
a. epparatus b. apparatus c. apparatos d. apperatus
5. Is it -------------------- to do after-school activities in Japan and South Korea-------------- 2021

a. compulsory / ? b. campalsory / . c. compulsary / . d. cumpulsory / ?

8. ----------------- and the global market has always interested me--------------- 2021
a. Economecs / . b. Economics / ! c. Ecunomics / ? d. Econumics / .
9. However ------ language ------------- is becoming increasingly important for anyone who starts to travel or work abroad. 2021
a. . / Profecency b. , / Proficeincy c. ; / Proficiancy d. , / Proficiency
12. The sentence that has been written correctly is ------------------ . 2020
A- Keep up your chin ! I am sure everything will be fine in the end .
B- Keep everything up ; I am sure your chin will be fine in the end .
C- Keep your chin up ! I am sure everything will be fine in the end .
D- Keep your everything up : I am sure chin will be fine in the end .
A- It’s important to encourage and help them young people develop self-confidence.
B- It’s important to young people and help them encourage develop self-confidence.
C- It’s important to young people them develop and help encourage self-confidence.
D- It’s important to help them and develop encourage young people self-confidence.
14. Choose the correct punctuated sentence : 2020

A- By the time Hind phoned . her parents had been waiting for her call all morning !
B- By the time Hind phoned ! her parents had been waiting for her call all morning .
C- By the time Hind phoned ; her parents had been waiting for her call all morning ,
D- By the time Hind phoned , her parents had been waiting for her call all morning .
15. Choose from A , B , C or D the sentence which is written in the correct order : 2020
A- In the future many hospitals to help nurses plan to use robots.
B- Many hospitals plan to use robots to help nurses in the future.
C- Robots use plan many hospitals to help to nurses in the future.
D- Many hospitals use to robots to help plan nurses in the future.
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A- A place where no cars are allowed is a pedestrian-free zone and it is car friendly.
B- A place where a pedestrian no cars are allowed is -free zone and it is car friendly.
C- A place where no free cars and pedestrian are allowed is a - zone it is car friendly.
D- A place where no allowed cars is a pedestrian are -free zone and it is car friendly.
17. Remember, / career direction / it’s never / or change / to study / too late
The sentence that has the correct order of the words and phrases above is : 2021
A- Remember, too late it’s never or change to study career direction.
B- Remember, it’s never or change too late to study career direction.
C- Remember, to study it’s never or change too late career direction.
D- Remember, it’s never too late to study or change career direction.
18. to watch / it’s amazing / of life / a baby / of / the first year / in / the development
The sentence that has the correct order of the words and phrases above is : 2021
A- It’s amazing of a baby to watch in the first year of life the development .
B- It’s amazing to watch the development of a baby in the first year of life .
C- It’s amazing of life in the first year the development to watch of a baby .
D- It’s amazing of the development of life in a baby to watch the first year .
19. The correct punctuated sentence is : 2021

A- When two sides disagree and argue . there is conflict !
B- When two sides disagree and argue ; there is conflict ?
C- When two sides disagree and argue , there is conflict .
D- When two sides disagree and argue , there is conflict ,
_____________________________________________________________________
1. We were late because of / due to the traffic.
a. consequently b. due to c. as a result d. therefore 2021
2. The university has managed to attract a lot of students -------------- of its excellent reputation.
a. therefore b. because of that c. consequently d. because 2021
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3. Rasha ----------------------her friend’s dictionary if she had her own dictionary. 2021
a. borrowed b. will borrow c. wouldn’t borrow d. will not borrow
4. If you ----------------------- well for the seminar , you would have been able to participate in the discussion. 2021
a. prepare b. had prepared c. prepared d. have prepared
5. If my friend had come to the party, I wouldn’t have been disappointed. 2021
A. My friend will come to the party, I wasn’t disappointed.
B. When my friend came to the party, so I won’t be disappointed.
C. My friend didn’t come to the party, so I felt disappointed.
D. I didn’t feel disappointed because my friend had come to the party
6. The sentence which gives information about the personal attributes of the writer is --------------. 2020
A. I was Salesperson of the Year in 2013 CE.
B. I like reading and camping. I also like travelling.
C. I have worked for a large pharmaceutical company.
D. I am a competent and conscientious worker
7. I wish I ------------------my pen. I had to buy one from the library. 2020
a. has forgotten b. hasn’t forgotten c. had forgotten d. hadn’t forgotten
8. Muna was right and I was wrong . I wish I ------------------------------ to her. . 2020
a. has listened b. hasn’t listened c. had listened d. hadn’t listened
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9. I can’t do this exercise . I wish I --------------------------------- it.. 2021
a. understand b. had understood c. understood d. have understood
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10. I feel a bit confused because I stayed late at night . I wish I -------------------------- late at night. 2021
a. were b. had c. is d. has been
11. Fatima wishes she -------------- older to participate in the poetry competition. 2022
a. hadn’t stayed b. haven’t stayed c. had stayed d. stayed
12. I wish we had got up earlier. This means : 2021
A. We didn’t get up earlier, and now we are not late.
B. We don’t get up earlier, and now we were late.
C. We didn’t get up earlier, and now we are late.
D. We don’t get up earlier, and now we aren’t late.
13. I don’t know how to use Zoom application for meeting. The similar meaning is ---------- : 2021
A. If only I have known how to use Zoom application.
B. If only I had known how to use Zoom application.
C. If only I knew how to use Zoom application.
D. If only I know how to use Zoom application.
14. I didn’t check my car before leaving home in the morning. 2022
The sentence which have a similar meaning to the one above is -------------------
A. If only I have checked my car before leaving home in the morning.
B. If only I didn’t check my car before leaving home in the morning.
C. If only I check my car before leaving home in the morning.
D. If only I had checked my car before leaving home in the morning.
15. Maha regrets being angry at breakfast time.
If only ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2020
16. I ate too much and now I have a stomachache.
I wish -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2020
17. Fresh meals --------------------------- to be good for concentration .
a. has been proved b. have proved c. have been proved d. had proved 2022
18. It ---------------- that kids only use a small percentage of their potentials .
a. has believed b. is believed c. had believed d. are believed 2022
19. Exercise has been proved to be good for concentration . 2021
A- Experts had proved that exercise is good for concentration.
B- Experts have proved that exercise is good for concentration.
C- Experts have proved that exercise was good for concentration.
D- Experts have proved that exercise is to be good for concentration.
20. Too much pastry affects health negatively. 2021
A- It has believed that too much pastry is to be affected health negatively.
B- It was believed that too much pastry had affected health negatively.
C- It is believed that too much pastry affects health negatively.
D- It had believed that too much pastry will affect health negatively.
21. They claim that technology makes our life very easily . 2022
The sentence which have a similar meaning to the one above is ------------------
A- Technology has claimed to make our life very easy .
B- Technology is claimed to make our life very easy .
C- Technology was claimed to make our life very easy .
D- Technology is claimed makes our life very easy .
22. How can I irrigate my plants ? 2021
Could you explain ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------?
23. Is it impossible to learn a new language online ? 2021
Do you know whether -----------------------------------------------------------------------------?
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( how - how much - if - when - where - whether - who - why )

24. Could you tell me ---------------------- this book costs , please ? 2022
25. Do you mind explaining ------------------------- the sky sometimes looks red ? 2022
2022 ‫ﺗﻜﻤﯿﻠﻲ‬
26. I avoid drinks which are ---------------- prepared when having my main meals .
a. artifice b. artificially c. artificer d. artificial
27. Abeer teaches Maths . She is a brilliant ---------------- in my school .
a. mathematician b. mathematical c. mathematics d. mathematically
28. Several errors in this report need ---------------- as soon as possible .
a. corrected b. correction c. corrective d. correctly
29. The land became wonderfully ---------------- and produce more than enough food .
a. fertilise b. fertiliser c. fertilisation d. fertile
30. The lunch is not ready yet. We’ll have to wait a little -------------------- 2021
a. long b. the longest c. the longer d. longer
31. Yehya didn’t enjoy the book. In fact it was ---------------- interesting story he has ever read. 2021
a. the less b. the least c. the more d. the most
32. My watch is less attractive than yours.

The sentence which has a similar meaning to the one above is : 2021
A- My watch is more attractive than yours.
B- My watch is not as attractive as yours.
C- My watch is as attractive as yours.
D- My watch is the most attractive one.
33. Neither Maths nor Biology is as interesting as English. This means : 2021
A- English is less interesting than Maths and Biology.
B- English is less interesting than Maths and Biology.
C- English is less interesting than Maths and Biology.
D- English is less interesting than Maths and Biology.
34. There is less information on the website than there is in the book. 2021
A- There isn’t as much information on the website as in the book .
B- There isn’t as many information in the book as on the website .
C- There isn’t as much information in the book as on the website .
D- There isn’t as many information on the website as in the book .
35. The cheapest thing on the menu is lemon Juice. 2021
A- The less expensive thing on the menu is lemon juice.
B- The most expensive thing on the menu is lemon juice.
C- The expensive thing on the menu is lemon juice.
D- The least expensive thing on the menu is lemon juice.
36. Reading detective stories is more impressive than reading plays . 2022
A- Reading plays is more impressive than reading detective stories.
B- Reading detective stories is not as impressive as reading plays.
C- Reading plays is less impressive than reading detective stories.
D- Reading detective stories is as impressive as reading plays.
37. Jordanian children can leave school -------------------- one year than English children. 2022
( earlier – less – the most – the least )
38. Last night, many students ------------------- in the English club . 2018
( was elected - were elected - are elected )
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39. I am afraid that my laptop ------------------- by somebody else yesterday. 2019

( was used - are used - will use )
40. Three of my articles ---------- last month in the local newspaper. 2019
( have published – have been published – will be published – were published )
41. Many galloons of fresh milk -------------- everyday. 2019

( are drunk - is drinking - drank – are drinking )
42.When I was young, I ----------- on foot to my school . 2018
43. My friend has lived in Egypt for a year. She says she ---------------------- living there now. 2019
( is used to - used to - didn’t use to - am not used to )
44. Rashid ------------------- swimming every morning , but now he doesn't. 2019
45. Ali ----------------------- the duck in the park with his father when he was young. 2019
( is used to feeding - used to feed - am used to feeding - are used to feeding )
46. The children ----------------------- in the yard for two hours. 2018
(has been playing - is playing - had been playing )
47. My uncle ------------- working at the company for five years when he got a promotion. 2019
( is – have been – had been – will be )
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1. Eid Al-Adha is a celebration that ----------------------- on the 10th of Thu-Al-Hijjah . ( begin) 2017
2. The workers ------------------------------------------ at the moment . They are on a break. (not , work ) 2018
3. The government has ------------------------------------ hardly to raise the citizen's awareness of human rights. ( be, work ) 2016
4. While Salma ------------------------ in Aqaba, she visited the castle. ( stay) 2016
5. The students in my class --------------------------- about their achievements in science when the bell suddenly rang. ( talk ) 2017
6. Ali ---------------------------------------- about his friend when he received a text from him . (be, think) 2018 90
7. Now, about one billion smartphones -------------------- around the world each year. ( sell ) 2017
8. Ibn Rushd who ---------------------------- in Cordoba is a famous Islamic polymath. ( born ) 2017
9. The ruins ------------------------------ by thousands of tourists every year . ( view ) 2018
10. If a city ---------------------- everything and doesn't throw anything away, It's zero waste. ( recycle) 2016
11. The bus is late. If it ------------------------------ soon, we will get a taxi. ( not, arrive) 2017
12. I want to get a new apartment but I can't afford -------------------- money at the moment. ( borrow) 2017
13. Ali -------------------------------------- about his friend when he received a text from him . (be, think) 2018
14. Will you ---------------------------- your homework by seven o'clock ? ( do ) 2016
15. Next month, our family --------------------------- in this house for a year. (have, live) 2019, 2017
___________________________________________________________________________________________
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1. Tala took three English courses in the British Council and then she went to Britain to study medicine. 2016
Before Tala -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. " Some parents take their children to the city park weekly."
Mr, Asmar said ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ . 2018
3. " Schools provide children with basic education."

Safwan said ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- . 2018
4. My parents have passwords to monitor their children’s computers.

She told me ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. 2019
5. I think you should check the spelling of the new learnt words in the dictionary.
If I ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2017
6. I think I should see a doctor.
If I -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2018 , 2019
7. It's not normal for American people to eat steak for lunch and dinner everyday. It is too expensive.
American people ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2017
8. It's not normal for my grandfather to have nothing to do all day.
My grandfather --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2017
9. It's not normal for my younger brother to use his electronic dictionary .
My younger brother ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2018
10. It is normal for my children now to eat fresh vegetables .
My children -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2019
11. Taha Hussein is especially famous for his work in literature .

It is ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2016
12. My neighbours' generosity impresses me more than anything else.

The thing that ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2017
13. The Second World War ended in 1945 in Europe .

The year ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2018
14. The Great Mosque in Cordoba was built in 784 CE.

The year ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2019
15. Meeting new people makes travelling an exciting experience.

The thing ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2019
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1. My kids were caught in traffic, -------------- they missed the start of the play. 2023
a. therefore b. whereas c. because of d. despite
2. Sawsan didn’t travel with her family. If only she ---------------- her passport. 2023
a. therefore b. whereas c. because of d. despite
3. Solving different kinds of puzzles -------------- to keep the brain active. 2023
a. are believed b. has believed c. is believed d. believes
4. The nature reserve uses recycled water, ------------ helps the sustainability of the environment. 2023
a. when b. who c. where d. which
5. Fatima al-Fihri’s learning centre became Morocco’s top university ----------- many students from all
over the world come to study.
a. which b. who c. where d. when 2023
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‫اﻟﺨﻴﺎر اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻬﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻷردن‬

‫اﻷﺳﺘﺎذ ﻋﻤﺎد اﺑﻮ اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‬

‫اﺳﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻠﻬﺎ ﺳﻨﮥ وﺑﺘﻌﺪي‬

Colour idioms Meaning Arabic

Complete the following sentences with the correct phrase :

Body idioms Meaning Arabic

( attend - catch - carbon footprint - urban planning )

Collocations meaning - Arabic Collocations ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ Arabic

1. If you want to lose weight, you should ----------------------------------------- everyday.

Collocations Arabic Collocations Arabic ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪة اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻌﺔ‬

Complete the collocations with the verbs in the box.

Phrases Phrases Phrases Phrases

1. To know ------------------- dangerous of the internet. 4. To give ----------------------- personal information.

4. If you’re free at the weekend, let’s ------------------------------ and go shopping together.

Phrase Different Meanings

1. Students can -------------------------- to a website of their school . 2020

Complete the sentences from the box.

opposition / contrast In spite of , However, On the contrary , Whereas , conversely,

Recommendations It is recommended that … / The best course of action would be to

Complete the following mini-dialogues by giving advice :

Giving Advice : Rewrite the advice, using the words in brackets.

( because / as / since + ( n + v ) / because of / due to + (n) )

Function ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬ ( express / indicate )

9. Make comparative : more , less , er ---than , worse , better , as + adj + as

Present Simple : - I play tennis everyday.

Present Perfect Continuous : ( unfinished activity )

The Future with going to :

Past Perfect Continuous

The Future Continuous

Complete each of the following sentences :

‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﺮع‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺘﻮب‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺑﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺎرة‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﯿﻞ‬

‫ﺗﻠﻔﻮن ذﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺘﻮب‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮذج‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﺣﺴﺎﺑﯿﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺪوﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺎدل اﻻﯾﻤﯿﻼت‬ ‫وﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺑﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻮرة ذﻛﯿﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺘﺎح‬ ‫ﻏﺮﯾﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻼج ﺗﻘﻠﯿﺪي‬ ‫ﻣﺸﻜﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻼج ﺗﻜﻤﯿﻠﻲ‬

‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎت ﺣﺴﻠﺒﯿﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﺎء ﻓﻠﻚ‬ ‫اﻋﺮاض‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻗﯿﻦ‬

( calculations - astronomers - symptoms - disabilities )

1. My father teaches Maths. He's a ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

‫اﺟﺒﺎري‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻗﺾ‬ ‫دوﻟﺔ ﻣﺘﻄﻮرة‬ ‫درس‬ ‫اﺧﺘﯿﺎري‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻼﻗﺔ‬

‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﺎرج‬ ‫طﻮل اﻟﻌﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬ ‫ ﻓﻜﺮة‬/ ‫ﻓﺮﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺰاﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﻔﺎءة‬

‫دورة دﻣﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫ذاﻛﺮة‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻏﺬاء‬ ‫ﺟﻔﺎف‬ ‫ﺗﻐﺬﯾﺔ‬

( smartphone - ordinary mobile phone - gravity - calculator - calculation - TV )

( taking - satisfaction - secure - rewarding - successful - responsible - job - agreement - meeting )

Writing – Using pronouns :

Pronunciation – Word stress

1. The stress in the word ( compulsory ) is on the syllable : ( com - puls - o - ry )

Pronunciation : International Phonetic Alphabet ( IPA ) : ( Phonetic Transcription )

1. ------------------------------ 2. --------------------------- 3. --------------------------- 4. -------------------------

verb ate ise ize en fy

2. After prepositions ( in / on / of / at / with / for / by / from / without )

2.After : ( always / usually / often / seldom / rarely / sometimes / never )

4. After : ( my / his / her / their / your / our / its )

6. After numbers : one / first / all / every / each / enough/ several

8. After ( much / many / few / some / any / little / more )

has / have + -------ly------ + V3

3. Fatima al-Fihri was born in the ---------------------- century. (nine – ninth )

16. I will be going to university to continue my -----------------------------. (education / educate / educational)

6. Congratulations on a very------------------ business deal. (succeed - success - successful )

5. It is important to have an ----------- of different countries' customs. ( aware - awareness ) 2017

Name Ibn Bassal