Cambridge International Examinations

Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education

* 3 4 2 7 5 6 7 2 4 0 *

CO-ORDINATED SCIENCES 0654/51

Paper 5 Practical Test May/June 2016
2 hours
Candidates answer on the Question Paper.
Additional Materials: As listed in the Confidential Instructions.

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.

Answer all questions.

Electronic calculators may be used.
You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use appropriate units.
Notes for Use in Qualitative Analysis for this paper are printed on page 12.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.

For Examiner’s Use

Total

This document consists of 11 printed pages and 1 blank page.

DC (NH/FD) 111327/4
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1 You are going to investigate the effectiveness of an enzyme in the extraction of apple juice from
fruit.

You are provided with two beakers, each containing 50 g of apple pulp and a third beaker containing
an enzyme solution. The beakers are at a temperature of 35 °C in a water-bath.

• Remove the beakers containing apple pulp from the water-bath. Label the beakers
A and B.
• Using the syringes add 2 cm3 of distilled water to beaker A and 2 cm3 of enzyme solution
to beaker B.
• Using the stirring rod provided, mix the contents of beaker A. Rinse and dry the stirring
rod. Then mix the contents of beaker B using the stirring rod.
• Return beakers A and B to the water-bath and immediately start the stopclock.
• You now need to wait at least five minutes. During this time read the rest of the question
and complete part (a).
• Label the two measuring cylinders A and B.
• Place a filter funnel in the top of each measuring cylinder.
• Fold the two filter papers and place one in each filter funnel.

(a) Insert headings, including units, in Table 1.1. [2]

Table 1.1

................................... / ...................................
.................... / ....................
cylinder A cylinder B
2
4
6
8
10

(b) After at least five minutes have elapsed on the stopclock, stop and reset the stopclock. Empty
the contents of beaker A into the filter funnel in cylinder A and empty the contents of beaker
B into the filter funnel in cylinder B. Start the stopclock.

Clean the stirring rod and use it to help remove apple from the beakers if necessary.

Record in Table 1.1 the volume of the juice collected in each measuring cylinder every
2 minutes for 10 minutes. [3]

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(c) On the grid provided, plot a graph of your results from beaker B only (vertical axis) against
the values in column 1 of Table 1.1.

Draw the best-fit line.

[4]

(d) Enzymes are used for juice extraction in the fruit juice industry. Use your results to suggest
an advantage to manufacturers in using this enzyme for the production of fruit juice.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(e) State and explain one precaution you took to make sure the procedure was carried out safely.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

(f) Explain how beaker A acts as a control.

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

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(g) Plan an experiment to determine the optimum incubation temperature for juice extraction.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[3]

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2 You are provided with three solutions C, D and E of acid X.

Their concentrations are:

0.50 mol / dm3 (least concentrated)
1.00 mol / dm3
2.00 mol / dm3 (most concentrated).

It is not known which is which.

You will identify acid X.

(a) (i) You are going to carry out an investigation to find out the concentration of each solution.

• Using a measuring cylinder place 5 cm3 of solution C in a test-tube.

• Add a 1 cm piece of magnesium ribbon to this test-tube and start the stopclock.
• Use the stirring rod to keep the magnesium ribbon in the acid.
• When the magnesium ribbon has completely reacted and disappeared stop the
stopclock and record in Table 2.1 the time in seconds.
• If the magnesium ribbon is still present after 3 minutes, record the time as >180 s.
• Repeat the above procedure for solutions D and E.
[4]

Table 2.1

solution
time / s
of acid X

(ii) Use your results in Table 2.1 to conclude which solution of X has which concentration.

C has a concentration of ............... mol / dm3

D has a concentration of ............... mol / dm3

E has a concentration of ............... mol / dm3

[2]

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(b) Plan, in detail, another experiment to find out which acid solution has which concentration.
The experiment must be different from the one in (a).

You will NOT be carrying out your plan.

You may use any of the chemicals in the following list but you do not have to use all of
them.

Choose a chemical or chemicals which you know will react with acids:
barium chloride solution
limewater
magnesium ribbon
marble chips
silver nitrate solution
sodium hydroxide solution
Universal Indicator

State clearly:
• what you will do to carry out a fair test
• what apparatus you will use
• what observations and measurements you will make
• how you will use your observations and measurements to make conclusions.
...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[4]

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(c) (i) Acid X is either hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.

Identify X by carrying out two tests on solution C. Use only solutions from the list in (b).

Record in Table 2.2 the tests used and the observations.

Table 2.2

test observations

[3]

(ii) Use your observations in Table 2.2 to identify acid X. Explain your answer.

acid X is .............................................................................................................................

explanation ........................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(d) A student suggests that the experiment in (a) would not work for very low concentrations of
acid (less than 0.001 mol / dm3).

Explain why the student is correct.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

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3 You are going to measure the mass of a metre rule using a balancing method.

You are provided with a 100 g load labelled L, a metre rule and a pivot.

50.0 cm mark
L

0.0 cm 100.0 cm

x
y
d

Fig. 3.1

(a) (i) • Set up the apparatus as shown in Fig. 3.1.

• Place the load L on the rule so that its centre is at a distance d = 5.0 cm from the
zero end of the rule.
• Adjust the position of the pivot so that the rule balances on it.
• Record, to the nearest 0.1 cm, in Table 3.1, the distance p from the pivot to the zero
end of the rule.
[1]

(ii) Repeat the procedure in (a) (i) for values of d of 10.0 cm, 15.0 cm, 20.0 cm and 25.0 cm.
[2]

(b) For each value of d, calculate the distances x and y as shown in Table 3.1. Use the equations
shown.

x = (p – d )

y = (50 – p)

Record in Table 3.1 your calculated values of x and y. [2]

Table 3.1

d / cm p / cm x = (p – d ) / cm y = (50 – p) / cm
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0

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(c) (i) On the grid provided, plot a graph of y (vertical axis) against x. You do not need to start
your axes from the origin (0, 0).

Draw the best-fit straight line. [4]

(ii) Calculate the gradient of your line. Show all working and indicate on your graph the
values you chose to enable the gradient to be calculated.

gradient of line = ...........................................................[2]

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(d) The mass in grams of the metre rule is given by the equation shown.
100
mass =
gradient
Use this equation to calculate the mass of the rule, giving your answer to an appropriate
number of significant figures.

mass = ....................................................... g [1]

(e) Measure the mass, m1 of the rule to the nearest gram using the balance provided.

m1 = ....................................................... g [1]

(f) Suggest two practical reasons why, despite carrying out the experiment with care, the
values for your masses given in (d) and (e) may differ. Assume that the balance used in (e) is
accurate.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

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BLANK PAGE

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NOTES FOR USE IN QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

Test for anions

anion test test result

carbonate (CO32-) add dilute acid effervescence, carbon dioxide
produced
chloride (Cl -) acidify with dilute nitric acid, then white ppt.
[in solution] add aqueous silver nitrate
nitrate (NO3-) add aqueous sodium hydroxide ammonia produced
[in solution] then aluminium foil; warm carefully
sulfate (SO42-) acidify then add aqueous barium white ppt.
[in solution] chloride or aqueous barium nitrate

Test for aqueous cations

cation effect of aqueous sodium hydroxide effect of aqueous ammonia

ammonium (NH4+) ammonia produced on warming -
copper(II) (Cu2+) light blue ppt., insoluble in excess light blue ppt., soluble in excess
giving a dark blue solution
iron(II) (Fe2+) green ppt., insoluble in excess green ppt., insoluble in excess
iron(III) (Fe3+) red-brown ppt., insoluble in excess red-brown ppt., insoluble in excess
zinc (Zn2+) white ppt., soluble in excess giving white ppt., soluble in excess giving
a colourless solution a colourless solution

Test for gases

gas test and test results

ammonia (NH3) turns damp red litmus paper blue
carbon dioxide (CO2) turns limewater milky
chlorine (Cl2) bleaches damp litmus paper
hydrogen (H2) “pops” with a lighted splint
oxygen (O2) relights a glowing splint

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© UCLES 2016 0654/51/M/J/16