RESPIRATION

RESPIRATION TRACHEA
The primary function of the respiratory system is to deliver oxygen to the cells of the or windpipe, is one part of your
body’s tissues and remove carbon dioxide, a cellwaste product. airway system. Airways are pipes
that carry oxygen-rich air to your
PARTS lungs. They also carry carbon
1. Nose dioxide, a waste gas, out of your
2. Throat lungs. When you inhale, air travels
3. Larynx from your nose, through your
4. Trachea larynx, and down your windpipe.
5. Bronchi
6. Lungs
NOSE
it is the first organ of the upper respiratory tract in the respiratory system. Its main
respiratory function is the supply and conditioning, by warming, moisturising and
filtering of particulates of inhaled air. Nasal hair in the nostrils traps large particles
preventing their entry into the lungs.
THROAT(PHARYNX) BRONCHI
is a ring-like muscular tube that distribute the air throughout the
acts as the passageway for air, lungs until reaching the
food and liquid. It is located respiratory bronchioles and
behind the nose and mouth and alveolar sacs.
connects the mouth (oral BRONCHIOLES
cavity) and nose to the At the end of the bronchi, the
breathing passages (trachea bronchioles carry air to small
[windpipe] and lungs) and the sacs in your lungs called alveoli.
esophagus (eating tube).
ALVEOLI OR AIR SACS

The alveoli are where the lungs and the blood
exchange oxygen and\ carbon dioxide during the
process of breathing in and breathing out. Oxygen
breathed in from the air passes through the alveoli
VOICE BOX (LARYNX) and into the blood and travels to the tissues
It contains the vocal cords and functions as a voice throughout the body.
box for producing sounds.
DIAPHRAGM
Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and
flattens and the chest cavity enlarges. This
contraction creates a vacuum, which pulls air into
the lungs. Upon exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes
and returns to its domelike shape, and air is forced
out of the lungs.
LUNGS
The lungs are the foundational organs of the
respiratory system, whose most
basic function is to facilitate gas exchange
from the environment into the bloodstream.
Oxygen gets transported through the alveoli
into the capillary
network, where it can enter the arterial
system, ultimately to perfuse tissue.
MAMMALIAN SYSTEM
In mammals, pulmonary ventilation occurs via inhalation (breathing). During
inhalation, air enters the body through the nasal cavity located just inside the nose.
As air passes through the nasal cavity, the air is warmed to body temperature and
humidified. The respiratory tract is coated with mucus to seal the tissues from direct
contact with air. Mucus is high in water. As air crosses these surfaces of the mucous
membranes, it picks up water.
SKIN AND GILLS

Earthworms and amphibians use their skin (integument) as a respiratory organ. A
dense network of capillaries lies just below the skin and facilitates gas exchange
between the external environment and the circulatory system. The respiratory
surface must be kept moist in order for the gases to dissolve and diffuse across cell
membranes. Organisms that live in water need to obtain oxygen from the water.
SKIN AND GILLS
Oxygen dissolves in water but at a lower concentration than in the atmosphere. In TRACHEAL SYSTEM
water, the oxygen concentration is much smaller. Fish and many other aquatic Insects have specialized type of respiratory system called the tracheal system, which
organisms have evolved gills to take up the dissolved oxygen. Gills are thin tissue consists of a network of small tubes that carries oxygen to the entire body. The
filaments that are highly branched and folded. When water passes over the gills, the tracheal system is the most direct and efficient respiratory system in active animals.
dissolved oxygen in water rapidly diffuses across the gills into the blood stream. The The tubes in the tracheal system are made of a polymeric material called chitin.
circulatory system can then carry oxygenated blood to the other parts of the body.
Insect bodies have openings, called spiracles, along the thorax and abdomen. These
openings connect to the tubular network, allowing oxygen to pass into the body and
regulating the diffusion of CO2 and water vapor. Air enters and leaves the tracheal
system with body movements.

RESPIRATION

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RESPIRATION

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RESPIRATION TRACHEA

ALVEOLI OR AIR SACS

SKIN AND GILLS

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