Week 1 Unsound Reasoning

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
MIMAROPA REGION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CALAPAN CITY
PEDRO V. PANALIGAN MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
COMUNAL, CALAPAN CITY
LESSON PLAN in ENGLISH 9

April 13 , 2022
Most Essential Learning Competency: Judging Soundness of Ideas and Effectiveness of Presentation
I. LEARNING OBJECTIVE/S:
At the end of the lesson the students should be able to:
1. Determine the characteristics of unsound reasoning;
2. Identify whether the text has sound or unsound reasoning
3. Improve statements with unsound reasoning
II. CONTENT
A. Subject Matter: Judging The Soundness Of Ideas Through Sound Reasoning
B. Reference/s: English 9 Self-Learning Module 4 p. 7
C. Materials: Laptop, PowerPoint presentation, Visual Aids, Activity Sheets
D. Teaching Strategies: Interactive Learning, Discovery Approach, Collaborative Learning
III. PROCEDURE
A. Preparation
1. Opening Prayer
2. Greetings
3. Putting class into order/ Classroom management
4. Checking of attendance
5. Review of the previous lesson
B. Lesson Proper
1. Motivation (5 minutes)
Word Hunt
Directions: Find and list all of the words related to sound reasoning that are hidden in
the grid. The words may be hidden in any direction.
V A L I D B H T U Q
M V O X S Y J M H W
V T G V P W E G B Q
J E I T T R U T H N
P F C H W K D S E F
L D T N E M U G R A
T Z C P A B L I J C
S O U N D T O U O T
2. Presentation/ Discussion (15 minutes)

 Soundness is a technical feature of an argument. It helps us to determine
whether the conclusion of an argument is true. Although many people assume
that soundness refers to the validity of an argument, this is not so. A valid
argument is not necessarily a sound argument. In fact, soundness of an
argument is determined by two factors: validity and truth of the premises.
 An unsound argument is either an invalid argument or a valid argument with
at least one false premise.
Comunal, Calapan City /0936 – 943 – 9875/ [email protected]
MIMAROPA REGION
 The key difference between sound and unsound argument is that a sound
argument is valid and has true premises whereas an unsound argument is
invalid and/or has at least one false premises
2. a. Raise Your Flag (10 minutes)

Directions: The teacher will read the statement. Raise the green flag if it describes
sound reasoning, then raise the red flag if it describes unsound reasoning.
1. This term also refers to logical reasoning.

2. It has at least one false premise.
3. An argument that is valid and has true premises
4. An argument which always has true premises and true conclusions.
5. An argument which may lead to false conclusion.
6. A reasoning that simply makes sense.
7. The opposite of sound reasoning.
8. It has an invalid premises.
9. It produces valid conclusion.
10. An argument that has one invalid or unacceptable premise.
2. b. Check the label (10 minutes)

Directions: The teacher will give the students strips of paper with examples of sound and
unsound reasoning written on it. One by one, the students will paste their answers on the board.
If it is an example of sound reasoning the learners must attach it under the heart symbol. If it
is an example of unsound reasoning, the learners must attach it under the triangle symbol.
3. Generalization
Complete Me (5 minutes)
Directions: Fill in the blank space to complete the paragraph.
A ________________ is an argument that is _______ and has true premises while an

____________is an argument that is invalid or has at least one _____ premises. Hence, this is
the key difference between sound and unsound argument. Therefore, a sound argument
always has __________ and true conclusions whereas an unsound argument may have both
false and true premises and conclusions. Thus, this leads to another difference between sound
and unsound argument.
SOUND ARGUMENT VALID UNSOUND ARGUMENT FALSE TRUE PREMISES
4. Application (10 minutes)
Directions: Read the following statements with unsound reasoning. Revise each argument to
make it sound. Truthfulness of the argument (3points) Validity of the premises (2 points) a total of 5
points will be given for every item.
1. If Ariel works in a machine shop, his hands will get dirty. Ariel’s hands didn’t get dirty;
therefore, he didn’t work in a machine shop.
2. All girls love teddy bear. Agnes hates teddy bear; therefore, Agnes is not a girl.
3. Most herbal medicines have bitter taste. Bignay has a tangy taste; therefore, bignay is
not an herbal medicine.

MIMAROPA REGION
IV. EVALUATION (5 minutes)
A. Sound and Unsound

Directions: Read and analyze the following statement. Write S if it is sound and U if it is
unsound reasoning. Write your answers on a ¼ sheet of paper.
_____1. No one under eighteen-years-old can vote.

Rogan is under eighteen.
Therefore, Rogan cannot vote.
_____2. All men are married
Some doctors are not married
Some doctors are not men
_____3. All dogs are cute
My sister is cute
Therefore, my sister is a dog
_____4. All girls wear dress
Alyssa only wears pants
Therefore, Alyssa is not a girl
_____5. All whales are mammal
Killer whale is a whale
Therefore, killer whale is a mammal.
V. ASSIGNMENT
Directions: Given the first statement, formulate your own argument to produce one sound
reasoning and one unsound reasoning for each item.
1. Printers are expensive Sound reasoning Unsound Reasoning
2. Vegetables are green Sound reasoning Unsound Reasoning
3. Cats are orange

Sound reasoning Unsound Reasoning
4. Fish are edible


MIMAROPA REGION
5. Astronauts are American
No. of learners who earned 80% in the evaluation

No. of learners who require additional activities for
remediation
Index of Mastery
Prepared by: Checked by:
MA. DANICA B. ASI MAICA VANESSA A. AMORES

Pre-Service Teacher English 9 Teacher
Noted:
ALEXANDER L. BUHAT
Head Teacher II, OIC-Office of the School Principal


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Republic of the Philippines

LESSON PLAN in ENGLISH 9

2. Presentation/ Discussion (15 minutes)

2. a. Raise Your Flag (10 minutes)

1. This term also refers to logical reasoning.

2. b. Check the label (10 minutes)

A ________________ is an argument that is _______ and has true premises while an

SOUND ARGUMENT VALID UNSOUND ARGUMENT FALSE TRUE PREMISES

4. Application (10 minutes)

PEDRO V. PANALIGAN MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

A. Sound and Unsound

_____1. No one under eighteen-years-old can vote.

1. Printers are expensive Sound reasoning Unsound Reasoning

2. Vegetables are green Sound reasoning Unsound Reasoning

3. Cats are orange

4. Fish are edible

Sound reasoning Unsound Reasoning

No. of learners who earned 80% in the evaluation

MA. DANICA B. ASI MAICA VANESSA A. AMORES

PEDRO V. PANALIGAN MEMORIAL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

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A __________ is an argument that is _ and has true premises while an