DATA CENTER COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION

LAOAG CITY

Module No. 4

Learning Objectives:

At the end of the unit, the student should be able to:

1. Identify the causes of cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest

2. Understands important points in giving CPR
3. Perform CPR during emergency situation

CHAPTER 4
BASIC LIFE SUPORT

BASIC LIFE SUPPORT- an emergency procedure that consist of recognizing respiratory arrest,
cardiac arrest and the proper application of artificial respiration, CPR or both to maintain life until a
victim recovers or medical help is available.

Background and general Principles:

• Right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs.

• Left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
• Blood release oxygen to the tissue and takes up carbon dioxide.
• When breathing and circulation stops, this is called CARDIAC ARREST.
• A condition when breathing stops but circulation may continue for quite some time is called
RESPIRATORY ARREST.
• Both circulation and respiration are needed to maintain life.
• The brain require more oxygen than other parts of the body.

CLINICAL DEATH BIOLOGICAL DEATH

0-4 MINUTES 6-10 MINUTES
-brain damage is not likely to occur -brain damage is certain
4-6 MINUTES 10 minutes and above
-brain damage is probable brain damage is reversible

Respiratory Arrest- breathing stops, pulse and circulation may continue for sometime.

Causes of Respiratory Arrest:

1. Electrocution
2. Suffocation
3. External Strangulation
4. Drowning

FIRST AID AND WATER SURVIVAL 1|RIOTOC

DCCP-CCJE.LAOAG 2020-21
 DATA CENTER COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION
LAOAG CITY

5. Circulation Collapse
6. Obstruction

Artificial Respiration

- A procedure of causing air to flow in and out of the lungs when the natural breathing of a
person is inadequate to support life or ceases.

Objective of A.R.

1. To open the airway

- Maximum head tilt-chin lifte method
- Modified Jaw Thrust Maneuver
2. To ventilate the lungs

Important aspect of A. R.

1. Get started immediately

2. Apply the appropriate cycles of A.R.
3. Maintain normal body temp as supplementary help
4. Continue giving A.R even during transportation
5. Stabilize the patient for quite sometime

External Chest/Cardiac Compression

- Application of rhythmic pressure over the sternum where the heart lies beneath.

Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation

- Combination of procedures (A.R.&E.C.C) to revive the function of the heart, lungs, and brain.

Don’t in compression
1. Rocker
2. Jerker
3. Massager
4. Bender
5. Double Crosser
6. Bouncer

When to stop AR/CPR

1. S- spontaneous pulse and breathing are restored

2. T- turned over to a trained personnel or medical service
3. O- operator/rescuer is exhausted to continue
4. P- physician assumes the responsibility

FIRST AID AND WATER SURVIVAL 2|RIOTOC

DCCP-CCJE.LAOAG 2020-21
 DATA CENTER COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION
LAOAG CITY

5. S- scene become unsafe

EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES

1. SURVEY THE SCENE

a. Is the scene safe?
b. What happened?
c. How many people are injured?
d. Are there bystanders?

Identify yourself as a trained first aider before proceeding to the next.

2. DO A PRIMARY SURVEY OF THE VICTIM

-obtain the baseline information to be noted from the victim, injuries which are life threatening.
AIRWAY, BREATHING, CIRCULATION

9 STEPS TECHNIQUE in checking ABC

1. Check for unresponsiveness
2. If unresponsive, shout for help
3. Position the victim if necessary
4. Open the airway
5. Check for breathing(3-5 sec)
6. If breathless give two initial ventilation.
7. Check for pulse(10 sec –carotid/brachial)
8. AMA- Arrange transport facility and report back to me
9. Do necessary first aid measure. (after doing your first aid, GO BACK TO step #7)

3. Activate Medical Assistance

4. Do secondary survey to the victim- Head to toe assessment

EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLE

SURVEY THE SCENE

The scene is safe, I have # victim, and # bystanders who can help. I’m NAME, trained first aider, may
I help.
Hey sir! Hey sir! Are you ok? (2x)

ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE/TRANSFER FACILITY

Please activate medical assistance and report back to me as I do my primary survey.

FIRST AID AND WATER SURVIVAL 3|RIOTOC

DCCP-CCJE.LAOAG 2020-21
 DATA CENTER COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION
LAOAG CITY

PRIMARY SURVEY
A - AIRWAY
*head – tilt – chin – lift for no spinal injury
* jaw thrust maneuver for suspected spinal injury
B – BREATHING
If no obstruction seen, check breathing for 10 seconds
1, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010 (LLF position)
NOTE: (if breathless, give 2 initial blows / ventilation)
After giving 2 initial blows, immediately check for…..
C – CIRCULATION
Check circulation for 10 seconds
1, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010
IF THE VICTIM IS:
-P –B do you CPR
FOR :
ADULT; CHILD & INFANT: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, & 1 ( UP TO 5 CYCLES)
+P –B do your RB
FOR:
ADULT: 1, 1002, 1003, 1001 (FOR 24 CYCLES)
CHILD & INFANT: 1, 1001 (FOR 40 CYCLES)
+P + B
NOTE: For every end of the procedure, immediately check for the circulation for 10 seconds.

FBAO MANAGEMENT:
If the air you gave bounces back, retilt the head and give another blow / ventilation.
If still the air you gave bounces back, suspect for obstruction.

Do your HEIMLEICH MANUEVER for conscious adult and child victim or ABDOMINAL THRUST for
unconscious adult and child victim. For infant, do your 5 back blows and 5 chest thrust/slide. Then
check for the obstruction is seen, do your finger sweep. Give 2 blows, then check for circulation for 10
seconds.

IV. SECONDARY SURVEY

DO YOUR BLOOD SWEEPING AND DCAPBTLS

CHECKING FOR CAPILLARY REFILL
SAMPLE INTERVIEW

FIRST AID AND WATER SURVIVAL 4|RIOTOC

DCCP-CCJE.LAOAG 2020-21
 DATA CENTER COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION
LAOAG CITY

ADULT CPR

The scene is safe I have 1 victim and 1 bystander who can help. I’m _________________, a trained
first aider, I can help….
Hey sir, hey sir
Are you okay?

Hey sir, hey sir

Are you okay?

Unresponsive

Please activate medical assistance and report back to me as I do my Primary Survey.

Nose is clear, mouth is clear, no obstruction seen.

1, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010….breathless (LLF position)

Give 2 blows

1, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010 (LLF position)

Negative Pulse, Negative Breathing

Please follow up medical assistance and report back to me as I do my CPR

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9&1(2blows)
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9&2(2blows)
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9&3(2blows)
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9&4(2blows)
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9&5(2blows)

1, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010 (LLF position)

Positive Pulse, Negative Breathing

Please follow up medical assistance and report back to me as I do my Rescue Breathing

Blow 1, 1002, 1003, 1001 blow

1, 1002, 1003, 1002 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1003 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1004 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1005 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1006 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1007 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1008 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1009 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1010 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1011 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1012 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1013 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1014 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1015 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1016 blow

FIRST AID AND WATER SURVIVAL 5|RIOTOC

DCCP-CCJE.LAOAG 2020-21
 DATA CENTER COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION
LAOAG CITY

1, 1002, 1003, 1017 blow

1, 1002, 1003, 1018 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1019 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1020 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1021 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1022 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1023 blow
1, 1002, 1003, 1024 blow

1, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010 (LLF position)

Positive Pulse, Positive Breathing

Please follow up medical assistance and report back to me as I do my secondary survey.

From head to toe no blood seen

From head to toe, no DCAPBTLS

The victim is revive and ready to transfer.

Deformity
Contusion
Abrasion
Puncture
Burn
Tenderness
Laceration
Swelling

INFANT CPR

The scene is safe I have 1 victim and 1 bystander who can help. I’m _________________, a trained
first aider, I can help….

Baby, baby
Baby, baby,
(tickle)

Unresponsive

Please activate medical assistance and report back to me as I do my Primary Survey.

Nose is clear, mouth is clear, no obstruction seen.

1, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010….breathless (LLF position)

Blow…. Air bounces back……(retilt head) blow, still air bounces

Give 5 back slaps and 5 chest trust

Obstruction seen, obstruction removed (use you little finger to remove)

Blow, air goes in, blow, air goes in

FIRST AID AND WATER SURVIVAL 6|RIOTOC

DCCP-CCJE.LAOAG 2020-21
 DATA CENTER COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION
LAOAG CITY

1, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010 (LLF position)

Negative Pulse, Negative Breathing

Please follow up medical assistance and report back to me as I do my CPR

1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9&1(2blows)
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9&2(2blows)
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9&3(2blows)
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9&4(2blows)
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9&5(2blows)

1, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010 (LLF position)

Positive Pulse, Negative Breathing

Please follow up medical assistance and report back to me as I do my Rescue Breathing

Blow, 1,1001 blow, 1,1002 blow, 1,1003 blow, 1,1004 blow, 1,1005 blow, 1,1006 blow,
1,1007 blow, 1,1008 blow, 1,1009 blow, 1,1010 blow, 1,1011 blow, 1,1012 blow,
1,1013 blow, 1,1014 blow, 1,1015 blow, 1,1016 blow, 1,1017 blow, 1,1018 blow,
1,1019 blow, 1,1020 blow, 1,1021 blow, 1,1022 blow, 1,1023 blow, 1,1024 blow,
1,1025 blow, 1,1026 blow, 1,1027 blow, 1,1028 blow, 1,1029 blow, 1,1030 blow,
1,1031 blow, 1,1032 blow, 1,1033 blow, 1,1034 blow, 1,1035 blow, 1,1036 blow,
1,1037 blow, 1,1038 blow, 1,1039 blow, 1,1040 blow

1, 1002, 1003, 1004, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010 (LLF position)

Positive Pulse, Positive Breathing

Please follow up medical assistance and report back to me as I do my secondary survey.

From head to toe no blood seen

From head to toe, no DCAPBTLS

The victim is revive and ready to transfer.

FIRST AID AND WATER SURVIVAL 7|RIOTOC

DCCP-CCJE.LAOAG 2020-21
 DATA CENTER COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES
COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE EDUCATION
LAOAG CITY

FIRST AID AND WATER SURVIVAL 8|RIOTOC

DCCP-CCJE.LAOAG 2020-21