prepang

1. What the. Important matefala uped Pn

prestess
tOTetial_ ton
conyete membeys .
e stmess conoute membey
"Cemert- The Cement used Should be ot the

Ondinay potand cernent (IS 26 9) &houlel bot be

O Pontan à 455) slag cgntent
Slcg Cement (TS
mo1e han 50 V%.

Rapid Rardening portand cement (IS So42)

porttand cenMent .
high staength odinat
bRigh compressi ue stzength.
Chigh ensile Stength than ondinany cononete)
a-entocined conte
DnAete toy he membens Should be
(Potanc] cement tfine t Oas + admixtuu t oatet)
’the entaained an centent ahall be not less than 4 ,
oe han 6 /..

Min. cement content ot 300 to 360 t the

dunability equiremnt
Water Contont bw as possible
" Steel- high tensite steel.tenclons, stands (cables
6teel uped Should be of the tolloeing
) Plain hud - dscn steel wie CIs 1185 pat L, patts)
cold-dauon ndented bie (TS 6003)
3)High tensile Steel oiyre ba (IS 2090)
AN Incnted Staess
4) stESS nelived Stoand (IS 6006)
A h e necesYity ot using high acle ceneute ondl
rvsko
Sreel in peplng pre - stressed Cente momb.
ade conote and sheel
The neccssity of usig hign gade
Tn prepan'ng pe-stoessed
Conete
membexs p
OLucial to 5esal suagon Pore- StesSed con CHebe
Stouctunal material that usep steel to

uate pne detemined engineesing stressing ith in

Contete membes to cOunteHact the stoesses
that the
6eruice ife.
stouctue aiil expenience
dutng
is essenial tan pNC - StoeSS ec
# Hiah gade Cencte highen cempressive
a
cOnoe te becade
to withstanal tHe
Stoength, which i necessa
Ynitial compression that applied to the conHete
be7ane the external applied. The initial
Compession helps to counteact the ensile StoesSes
that he Stouctue iill expeience duing it
Geuice te.
High qead stecl ip also necessay ten pe
Cenctete because
higher tensile
btoesed
needed t0 eate the pecetemined
wihich ip
Stoeeg. uoithin the conote wmhus
enginecing stoesss conote
Ihe 6teel ip typially babuo within the
Cables,hlbich
tendons
tHen +ensioed to neate the clesied Stoesses
Conute
kithin he
 10. 9. 6. 7. 6. 4. 3. In
2. The I.
Dsect5.
Pe envisonmentoa) StoesSes
Peoacks,contoibute to
Prestoessed
balanced than Explainthe 3.
prestoresing
loaded teel
incollapse.
tatigue betonebetore produchs
tactorg wiight Longapan pe
n
- - toces
Shea
due tensile
holtheok 0m stoesSe
stoessed
StoeSSed prestoessed possible ' doe
5tsuctus
stoength ultimaBe high
piesence
eccentoicby 6
6touctwUs ConHete
mumbeyblgniticart prestoessed
mmhuys memberS
conditios. 6toenath high
etcone to 5toes5esucl
eCommended
Steel, to ifailwe, Gechionip with
impove mumbes,
beten ae member susults
esults Hlvantagus
n Postesot
Stoength
ligher
eccentic
&ane enonete to RCin
appectabl
Stouch
thsdejlect thus
possible. possible pnestorossing Unale
due tested eBectot
dusabiconmpessive dead
eftectiue
poSSes
mmbUS.
to it conoute
guing lity and eoads
Cable woking
uaiiahens
bmall betone wilbe o Pustoe6b
Cemcte
that merbethe ip
unde StesiStance
tterbe
eeden may and
dynamicalt porotile.
eLonoic.
bung loaclp,thu slende Sle
mple Yse. aNesiUe nde Steel in
ceutebe
tom
oanng in memhws
Poestreseol
Prestoe
ssel " "
complexitiep to and 94.
concoete
Specialized vipion
TanspoHtatienconstouetion6killed dejces Cemplua pprox High-Quality e
prestoessed toDisadyantages
mild 25 6teelCostnecessitates
onete ith Desibe
detail n
qualitt pre-Stoess
Se qualit
o7 high
to
-5
2
at
component
Labor making- , el,
constouLtien
pocLs6:-he High
ratune constouctien
mhods 6pecia prestoessed
oncte is
Sectiens ael addin in
bucties h Cenoute Storength, the
CenoLte af
conptouction
the challg mands
supisg tensilu
tim3.5 es cemcete.
lized
it pooducion, Porestoessed
and Can the
sBtage se
cempeme
moe ste about
the demanding ob
requitennta btuetwe.
highly tensioning,nvokues el Ruquinunt
chalenging be mOre
i-
to placement, high
bittte. loanspetng toaditienal
cempethah expanseg.
pQject
oveall te The disaduantagesthe
prestoesSed
ceneute
skilledl cencte
proceSS. ens a ip -quah
:-
equipmentconstoucthienexpenSiUe
t thanthe metiulues
process oigniticanty Poestoe i
dding , labon
and tensile
hiotgth and
the
cenote
dense
pustresseo ssed
cenpachen
and that
logstical tR
to atentfon cencte
Rntegeuty costien ot
sup anchorirg
 Stoeppep
intennal aste
induceslbecause moe
5.
stoess.by dimenpiorg
pestoess
Conuete,Ib ugedgadePiestess upoand
Cause
Pnestaesing
onefe i deflecton. beause
toMCe
In induce nill prestess
moNe almost oncdete Load e-Stoess
concete"n
1ole
DeectionA Psestoess
conceteho
the "Ln prevails
exteinal
ohethen
membes
Steel
plogs Dibtenenee
natuse. preetuess
Hete,com
countebaanceby ohich Stresse there Qn
i . CONCRETE
STRESS
PRE
The
dunablehig a Sheast
extenal oupleeccentaehe
aNe constant. Stress
e
cencHete beteen
lesg
ase
le nesistance in
sseimern7ion monedense hich in
teel not.
uoill Steeactive
RCC
i |
tong
equiing
age
Onote RCC tthe Loadp. "
Steelis cepassiue
Rcc i In
Span De7lecton
moe.epiptance
i Sheanot pend In
REINPORCED
CONLRETE pre
cerpaisiem. in am.
lewe RCC,he RcC,
economic
of be toun vaiaole sole.
upon in ConHOte
StoesS
less Steel
Sectienscause
Steel.
RCC The
StresS the pluts
Mae In cuable.
Stoess
auRCC oitth membo
extenal
n
 Diptance|# and 96.
Eccentoicity-,e
5eond
PaestressBng
Anea Prestess
steel: in
Calculate
Span
Aseorning deep
preptressing bape,(3t Densit PestoesSed
bpan Given,
KNw. 24 toc'gt
weaking
SectionOSS ok 5mm
A
Gm Lood Section
When oiesectangula
3 and
moment ct ot
mY Stiess<s
the dia20cm
ot conote
Staess n the
conetetoe, = ot he
tace
tom the he =6kN|m
LL
conuele:. by t
oß 150 beam: preStoes Located oide
(3X275)
x65)+ conHete
P-|00 beam dio
atec,pection, 18
= centooid the ip
is
246mN(840wm 3no. I5 at
C
6.5cm
=50num
(840 - prestressed
prestressed
I KN n0.5mm 30 5 beam
= -ok 5 Gm. beam mm,
A X |Mm mm the
= 18 Ihe It
0x(300)
300x200
mx20cm the 25t1om
I2 X19-1) dia. dioa. evaluate » extneme
densitg a is ste cmthe
oise bupponting
uni7omly el by
wises tnom
$ = = tbe asbotommean OSS
3x 200mm -
-
(2-5(6-5cM aximuww
the Seoi¡n
6XI0mmlo5 840
thetop
4-5x
mt
1o? distoibute s ot
N ot
65mm I
Jasmm t10m toom N/Mm,
the 30m
top) he 15
bot) d mid boom
o1
 Bending Diect Mom
dueent bection
Live Live belt
5.0 t Ihe wiight
selt
LL)
LOad Load
toesS
Pres 1esultant
6toegses
wonking Stess wight modulus
in StoesS

5.0 the 6toessMe Moment

Stoess due 6el& to
5.0 due o
conete (Zt
to 6eg the
to ML 2
2 Md pnestoesS
-16 bea Zb)
toeS
uught
Sett Pe
2.16 =weight,
X62 6 :
27
(o6 X StoeSS
LL6 6.48x I06 NJum? =
5 1.44 XO3X24O2
9.0 3X|06 (3X
0S
46x1o
kNm=6.48
27= kN
w
Ma -

toeSS LL:
N =
(mm due to 5N
mm ) L.44 kN
||16
lo6Xl05
4 3x
N|m 2:
16 m
x503X
10 X6
(tensile prestoess
(S.wt 3x06
I6

ultant
oesS )
|9. Descoibe. Pn detai) Losse duuto
Cene.
poentenpioning
4pes ck losses
pe - 8tue ss

prestaess cencsute ce
in pestaess to

pneten_ioning of cencte -
dutemmaten
Elastic
The prestoess due to detomation of concute
loss o
dependp On the modloy ation & the awsage
Stoes in the Lwel O6 Steel
Concete at

’ PaestesS in conciete at the level of Steel

Es ’ Modulup of elasticity in Steel
Ec ’ Modulus ot Aasticity ot conorete
le Modolar satio
btoain concete at the level Of Steel = fc

btese in steel cootespending to this Stoain = f E

TheuteNe, LOSS ot stess In ste el = e te

It t e initial Stess in Steel ip knoen ,the
petcentage
Loss ok StesS in steel duw to elastic otmatiQn ok
Cente bu computed.
can

Ohnhage o cencute -
Contsaction and 6hÉnkage stran in conete caus
ite
Steel to Lose Stretch, nesulting in a loss Gf
pyeSteg.
. ’ Total nesidual Shinkage Stain = 30o XI0-6
pne - tensionig.
t age os conerete at tqnS tey
Ihen,the loss o stiess = Ces ts
Modulus of lasicity ot Steel
Here,s ’
Loss due to pemanent
cle7or1rnation due to
Creep ip time dependen Steel leuel
tonce, CouLsng cempressve stess at the
in the meMbey.
and nesuting in 1eep Strain

Ulimate 1eep Strqin metho

StessS n Steel due ceep of conote
Ihe

ohene Ccc - ultimate Cteep Staain to a sustained.

unit Stress
tthe euel
Jc > compressive StJIess in conue at
cf stee |
ts > Modulss ok elasticity ot Steel
teep coetticient Method
up coetficient Heep strain
Ehstfc styafn

in steel = Cc Es- þce Es =

Loss ot StNeSS
= ee

shue > p cocttient

eLcstic Stnain
&e ’
e
Modul atio

> stess in conncete

Ee ’Mo dulup ot elashatyo5 conoute

steel
Es ’ Mcdulus ot eloshiity ¢
 due to elaxnin ot Stneb in 5teel i
due to
the codef proide tan the loss ct StnesS
pecentge f initial Stress in
elaxation o Steel ap
Steel Ihe BIS econmmend a value Vaying trom oto
StreSsS in

tendon.
petresng
fpu ’ chanccterptic Strength ot
sØomn
pne-Stnesse) cemuete beam, lo0mm uside and
G8. A
pre-tengiened by 6tiht , ogs caing an

deep, ip ot 50 mm.
inittal tonce t 150 kN at' an

elasiity
ecentniht
of Steel and cenoute a
The
modulus t Estinate the
MePecHuult pecertge
ot sess in steel due to elastic defonation ot
loap mm. oises i 188
Conoete ik the anea of Steel
Given, fonce. P= 150 kN; Eccenticity,e=5on
secion, t= l00 x300 =3XJ0 wm 2
Anea ok concnete
ok the steel wie = 186mm
Aiea
bection modulus, e225x|0 mimt
Modulan atio, e = Es - 6

+ Pe
A
=150X10 = 80o N|mm
Inital 6tness in steel 188
|50x LOX5o x50
btess
3X10

6.66 I|mm
 conete
Loss ok stess due to elastic defomatic ot
ok
Aefc = 6 X6.66 = 4o N/m
40xI00 : 5 "
loss ot Stiess in Steel =
Pencentaae
9. A conovete beam i pse Stussed by a cable

tenaionin g tonce of 300kN. The OSS setiona)

n inital pye-tengioning 300m². Calulate
cable is
Osiea of the oises in the du
the peNCentage loss ot srees Yn the cobk emly
to slounkage ot cencute using IS 1345 transe=8
SSOme Es= 210 KNJM and age ot conoHete at dag
300xI03 = 1000 NJem
Lnitial stess in oiseS = 300

s pre- tensioned, the total esidual

) I7 +he beam
Staain = 300X Io units
Shainkage = Cos: ts = (3oox\0) (240 xIO)
LoS ot stess
= 63 N|wm
63I,
Stess = 63 x 106 =
loss ot
Pertentage
is post- tensioned , tte total esidua
b) Lt the beam

Shinkage 200X (o-6 200X\0-6 2.00X|o6

bcs nits
|agioltt) Aog1o (8+2)
(200xI0 6)(240x10³)=42 NJ
.'. Loss of Stress = CesEs =
loss of Stress= 42 x
Pencentage |006
 wtde
ConHete beom
neetangulat Section,
wi o6
and 3oo hu deep, is pre -stnessed by tiue
clia located CCcentb1icity o 5omun, tte initial
t an
Stiess n the oiMeS big 1200 N |un. Estimate the
Nut.
PoCentage loss ok Stessn Steel due toWthod eep
uHimate and
Hup btrain the
ConHete using the
Cup coetient nethod (IS:L343-198o ). L= 225 x10nt
kN(m
Given, Es = 21o KN(mn; Bo = 35
= 4|x106 mm/wmpen (nwn
utimate neep
stain Ecc
1-6
Oteep oetticient ( )= 23 Xo N
fance, P= Sx38-5 xI200) -
Paestaessing. m
section , 30o XI00 =3X|o
conte

Modula satio, e = Es =

StresS n conoete at the leuel ot Steel is quen by

23xOt x50x50
2310
229 x 106
3x104

I0- 2 )vnm

Uitimate eep Stain Method

dc.fe. Es
Stress in steel 105)
- (41x10-6) (1o-2) (210x
LOSS of

= 88 N(mm
uup co4tient Method
LOSS ot Stess
= 97.9 2- N]m
 Concuete benw °k Lom 6pau, Loo mn uolcle gnd
Soomn deep. i_
each Cable is 200pnestSSed by 3 Cabep
nm and înitial
cable.The Hea ot
R0o N]num. Cable L i_ and Initial Stness n the cable ip
50m abo the
pauabolic th an eccentniity ot
bel lo the centoi at
the Syppots and Somm
with unitonm Centro t the Center ot Span. cable 3 i
Staght
It the cablep eccEKenticity of
ae tensioned tom one
50rmn belbus the centood.
esimate the pocentag loss Gt StresS nendeachonlcable cue to
Fucien. Assume uo35 & K > O.015 pe
M.
Equatien
6lope at endp Cat x=o)
do
t= 4e (L-2x) e

cable L

Slope at end = 4- X100 = 0o4

Cumulative angle betuween tangehta, a =2X0:04 = 008

Sadan
Initial pre- Stressing torce n each cable, P, 20 ox\200
2 24,0000N
Lt Px pre
Stnessing toce (stiess) n the cable at te
fotthen end , Pe Pa e + Ke)
fon Smau valoep t (uot kx)
Pr P(-uatkx)
Loss ot Stress = Po ( a t kx)
 COble L = (o.35 xo.08 *o.ooLS XI0) =0. o43 o
cQble Po (o.35 xo.0 4 tO.001S Xi0) = O029 Po
cable 3 = Po (o to oo15XI0) = o.o15 Po

H Po - Lnitiol staess = |200 N|mm

CABLE NO. Loss oP STRESS PeRCENTAGE (oss

516 kN|mm 4-3
2 29
34.8 KN Jmm2
.5