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    The document provides an overview of the history of civil engineering. It discusses how early civilizations like ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia between 4000 and 2000 BC began practices like using shelters and bridges. It describes some early historical works including the pyramids in Egypt built around 2700-2500 BC, Qanats underground water channels from 3000 years ago, and Machu Picchu built in the 1450s. It also discusses early scientific approaches like Archimedes' work in the 3rd century BC. The document outlines the development of civil engineering as a profession over time.

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    Es 11 Reviewer

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    The document provides an overview of the history of civil engineering. It discusses how early civilizations like ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia between 4000 and 2000 BC began practices like using shelters and bridges. It describes some early historical works including the pyramids in Egypt built around 2700-2500 BC, Qanats underground water channels from 3000 years ago, and Machu Picchu built in the 1450s. It also discusses early scientific approaches like Archimedes' work in the 3rd century BC. The document outlines the development of civil engineering as a profession over time.

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    The document provides an overview of the history of civil engineering. It discusses how early civilizations like ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia between 4000 and 2000 BC began practices like using shelters and bridges. It describes some early historical works including the pyramids in Egypt built around 2700-2500 BC, Qanats underground water channels from 3000 years ago, and Machu Picchu built in the 1450s. It also discusses early scientific approaches like Archimedes' work in the 3rd century BC. The document outlines the development of civil engineering as a profession over time.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    5 views7 pages

    Es 11 Reviewer

    Uploaded by

    vctsinvcts
    The document provides an overview of the history of civil engineering. It discusses how early civilizations like ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia between 4000 and 2000 BC began practices like using shelters and bridges. It describes some early historical works including the pyramids in Egypt built around 2700-2500 BC, Qanats underground water channels from 3000 years ago, and Machu Picchu built in the 1450s. It also discusses early scientific approaches like Archimedes' work in the 3rd century BC. The document outlines the development of civil engineering as a profession over time.

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    of 7

    LECTURE 1:

    HISTORY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

    INTRODUCTION

    • In the ancient age of Civil Engineering, man used caves as

    shelter to protect themselves and trunk of a tree to cross river.

    • The earliest practice started between 4000 and 2000 BC in

    Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia when humans started to

    abandon a nomadic existence.

    • At this time, transportation became increasingly important

    leading to the development of the wheel and sailing.

    • Before the term Civil Engineer and Architect has no difference.

    EARLY HISTORICAL WORKS

    Pyramids in Egypt (circa 2700-2500 BC)

    • Considered as first large structure construction.

    • In 2550 BC, Imhotep built a famous stepped

    pyramid for King Djoser located at Saqqara

    Necropolis. His greatest contribution to

    engineering was his discovery of the art of

    building with shaped stones

    EARLY HISTORICAL WORKS

    Qanats (Water Management System)

    • It is an underground channels that transport


    water from a water well or aquifer to the surface

    to use for irrigation and drinking.

    • The oldest Qanats is 3000 years old and 71km

    long.

    EARLY HISTORICAL WORKS

    Machu Picchu

    • It was built at 1450s in the Andes Mountains

    assisted by some of history’s most ingenious water

    resource engineers.

    • The people of Machu Picchu built a mountain top

    city with running water, drainage systems, food

    production and stone structures so advanced that

    they endured for over 500 years.

    • It was declared a Peruvian Historic Sanctuary in

    1981 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983

    EARLY SCIENTIFIC APPROACH

    Archimedes’ Work (3

    rd century BC)

    • Archimedes is one of the earliest who used physical and

    mathematical problems applicable to Civil Engineering.

    • One of his work is “Archimedes’ Principle” – understanding of

    buoyancy.
    • The first engineering school located in France in 1747.

    • Its teachers wrote books that became standard works on the mechanics of materials,

    machines, and hydraulics, and leading British engineers learned French to read them.

    National School of Bridges and Highways

    Other information about Civil Engineering

    • The first self-proclaimed Civil Engineer and also known as the

    Father of Civil Engineering.

    • He pioneered the use of hydraulic lime and developed a technique

    involving dovetailed blocks of granite in the building of the

    lighthouse. One of his known works is the Eddystone Lighthouse.

    • In 1771, he founded the Society of Civil Engineers (now known as

    the Smeatonian Society). Its object was to bring together

    experienced engineers, entrepreneurs, and lawyers to promote the

    building of large public works.

    John Smeaton

    • The world’s first engineering society was founded in London year

    1818.

    • Thomas Telford – eminent engineer became the first president of

    the Institution

    • The purpose of this institution is to learn from one another and

    bring some developments in Civil Engineering.

    • The institution received a Royal Charter in 1828, formally

    recognizing Civil Engineering as a profession.

    Institution of Civil Engineers

    • The first private college in United States established year 1819 that included Civil
    Engineering as a separate discipline.

    Norwich University

    • It awarded the first degree in Civil Engineering in the United States in 1835.

    Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

    • The first woman who received a degree of Civil Engineering granted by Cornell University

    in 1905.

    Nora Stanton Blatch

    WHAT IS CIVIL ENGINEERING?

    • Based on Institution of Civil Engineers:

    “Civil engineering is the application of physical and scientific principles, and its history is

    intricately linked to advances in understanding of physics and mathematics throughout history.

    Because civil engineering is a wide ranging profession, including several separate specialized sub-

    disciplines, its history is linked to knowledge of structures, material science, geography, geology,

    soil, hydrology, environment, mechanics and other fields.”

    LECTURE 2:

    CIVIL ENGINEERING AND SOCIETY


    AND OTHER PROFESSION

    WHAT IS CIVIL ENGINEERING?

    • Based on Institution of Civil Engineers:

    “Civil engineering is the application of physical and scientific principles, and its history is

    intricately linked to advances in understanding of physics and mathematics throughout history.

    Because civil engineering is a wide ranging profession, including several separate specialized sub-

    disciplines, its history is linked to knowledge of structures, material science, geography, geology,

    soil, hydrology, environment, mechanics and other fields.”

    WHAT IS AN ENGINEER?

    Engineer are problem solvers

    WHAT IS A PROFESSION?

    A PROFESSION is defined by:

    • Knowledge

    – formal education, better judgment and continuous learning.

    • Organization

    – setting standards and establishes code of ethics.

    • Public Good
    – purpose of service and preservation of public welfare.

    Roles of a Civil Engineer

    • Build a quality of life with technical skills and

    creative skills.

    • Responsible to design safely that meet the standard

    codes.

    • Conduct on site investigations and analyze data

    (maps, reports, tests, drawings, etc)

    • Carry out technical and feasibility studies.

    • Assess potential risk and provide advice to resolve

    creatively any emerging problems/deficiencies.

    Attributes of a Civil Engineer

    • Must be innovative and logical individual.

    • Ability to think critically and creatively.

    • Good communication skill.

    • Higher ethical standards.

    • Must be able to collaborate with other professions.

    • Ability to understand the bigger picture.

    Civil Engineer’s Project works on:

    Structural Engineering

    Civil Engineer’s Project works on:

    Construction Engineering and Management

    Civil Engineer’s Project works on:


    Geotechnical Engineering

    Civil Engineer’s Project works on:

    Water Resources Engineering

    Civil Engineer’s Project works on:

    Transportation Engineering

    Civil Engineer’s Project works on:

    Environment and Energy

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