3 Stress and Stain

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 57

Rizal Technological University

Chapter
III

Strength of
Materials
(Mechanics of Deformable Bodies)

Engr. Nestor C. Competente


Instructor
Stress and Strain
Stress-Strain Diagram

Where:

A - proportional limit
B - elastic limit
C - upper yield point
D - lower yield point
E - ultimate strength
F - rupture strength
Therefore:

Stress-Strain
Diagram
Stress-Strain Therefore:

Diagram
Proportional limit

It is defined as the point up to which the


stress and the strain are directly proportional
Stress-Strain Therefore:

Diagram
Elastic limit

It is defined as the point up to which the


material remains elastic
Stress-Strain Therefore:

Diagram
upper yield point

It designates the stress up to which no permanent


plastic deformation occurs in a material under
tensile loading. The material does undergo
deformation, however after withdrawal of the tensile
stress it returns to its original form.
Stress-Strain Therefore:

Diagram
ultimate strength

Is the maximum stress that a material can withstand


while being stretched or pulled before breaking.
Stress-Strain Therefore:

Diagram
rupture strength

Is the strength of the material at rupture. This is also


known as the breaking strength.
Stress and Strain
1. 2.
Stress and Strain
3. 4.
Stress and Strain
6.
5.
Lateral Strain
Poisson’s Ratio

Where:
Poisson’s Ratio

Where:

Lateral strain/Transverse strain : The ratio of


change in radius to the original radius is called lateral
strain.

Longitudinal strain/Axial strain : The ratio of change


in length to the original length is called longitudinal
strain.

The ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain is called


Poisson’s ratio.
Lateral Strain
1. 2.

Wherein:
δ - Deformation
L - Length
Poisson’s Ratio: Uni-axial Loading

𝝐
𝝂 = − 𝝐𝒕
𝒙

𝜖𝑡 − transverse strain

The transverse strain is


uniform throughout the cross
section and is the same in any
direction in the plan of the
cross section.
Poisson’s Ratio: Multiaxial Loading
Poisson’s Ratio: Triaxial Loading
Poisson’s Ratio: Shear Loading Loading

𝜏 = 𝑺𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝑺𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔
G= shear modulus of elasticity
𝜸 = 𝒔𝒉𝒆𝒂𝒓 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒂𝒊𝒏
Lateral Strain
3. 4.
Lateral Strain
5.

Strain energy

is a particular form of potential


energy which is stored within
materials which have been
subjected to strain, i.e. to some
change in dimension.
Lateral Strain
6.

Bulk modulus

is the measure of how


resistant a material (solid or
fluid) is to compression.
Lateral Strain
7.

Dilatation

is the state of being expanded or


widened; specifically : the condition
of being stretched or enlarged
beyond normal dimensions.
Lateral Strain
8.

9.
Lateral Strain
8.

9.
Sample
Problem
#1
Solution #1
Sample
Problem
#2
Solution #2
Sample
Problem
#3
Solution #3
σ

Sample
Problem
#4
Solution #4
σ
Solution #4
σ
Solution #4
σ
Strain Energy
Strain Energy
Sample
Problem
#5
Solution #5
Solution #5
Solution #5
Sample
Problem
#6
Solution #6
Solution #6
Solution #6
Sample
Problem
#7
Solution #7
Solution #7
Thermal Stress
Thermal Stress
Sample
Problem
#8
Solution #8
Solution #8
Sample
Problem
#9
Solution #9
Any Clarifications?
E-mail:
[email protected]

MobileNumber:
+63 950 593 7357

Consultation Hours:
Anytime

You might also like