Cellular Structure and Function

Cellular Structure and Function
3 Cellular Transport
REVIEW Recall the definition of the Review Vocabulary term.
VOCABULARY the process of maintaing a stable and balanced internal
homeostasis
homeostasis
Environment of a cell.
NEW VOCABULARY Write the correct New Vocabulary term in the left column for each
definition below.
Diffusion
net movement of particles from an area where there are many
particles of the substance to an area where there are fewer
Dynamic equilibrium
condition in which there is continuous movement but no overall
change in concentration
Facilitated diffusion
form of transport that uses transport proteins to move other ions and
small molecules across the plasma membrane
Osmosis
diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Isotonic
solution in which the inside of the cell and the solution it is in have the
same concentration of water and solutes
Hypotonic
solution that has a lower concentration of solutes than in the cell
Hypertonic
solution that has a higher concentration of solutes than in the cell
Active transport
using energy to move substances from a region of lower
concentration to a region of higher concentration
Endocytosis
process by which the plasma membrane surrounds a substance
outside the cell and moves it inside the cell
Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Exocytosis
process by which the plasma membrane surrounds a substance
inside the cell and moves it outside the cell
Rephrase the process of diffusion in your own words, and give an

example.
Diffusion is the net movement of particles from a high concentration to a
lower concentration this usually results in a equilibrium of particles (the
same number of particles on each side). Example: Alveoli in the lungs
(diffusion of gasses into the blood).
Science Notebook • Cellular Structure and Function

88
3 Cellular Transport (continued)
Summarize the relationship between water and the plasma
membrane by completing the concept map below.
water flows Water and

Outside and inside the cell
environment
the Plasma
Membrane flow through helps
and
homeostasis
osmosis is
homeostasis is
Diffusion of water across a
selectively permeable membrane.
The process of maintaining a balanced
and stable internal environment of a cell.
Get It? Compare and contrast diffusion and osmosis.

Diffusion is the movement of molecules and particles while osmosis is the
diffusion of water.
Get It? Compare and contrast the three types of solutions.

Hypertonic is when the solutes outside the celes are more than inside the
cell. Hypotonic is when the solutes outside the cell is less than the solutes
outside the cell. Isotonic is when the number of solutes inside and outside
the cell is balanced.

89
Classify and summarize the five ways particles move through the
membrane. Make notes and sketches in the rectangle for each one.
Diffusion
simple diffusion facilitated diffusion

The net movement of form of transport that uses
articles from a. High transport proteins to move
concentration to a lower other ions and small
concentration which results molecules across the
in equilibrium. plasma membrane.
active transport
Using energy to move substance
from a region of lower to higher co
exocytosis endocytosis
process by which the process by which the
plasma membrane plasma membrane
surrounds a substance surrounds a substance
inside the cell and moves it outside the cell and moves
outside the cell it inside the cell

Get It? Compare and contrast active and passive transport across
the plasma membrane.
Active transport requires energy to move across the plans membrane while
passive does not require energy.

90
CHECK YOUR PROGRESS
1. List and describe the types of cellular transport.
Active, passive, diffusion, facilitated, osmosis, exocytosis, endosytosis.
2. Explain the role of the cell membrane during passive transport and active transport.
It controls everything that enters and leaves the cell.
3. Sketch a before and an after diagram of an animal cell placed in a hypotonic

solution.
4. Contrast how facilitated diffusion is different from active transport.

Facilitated diffusion occurs along a concentration gradient from high concentration to low concentration
and does not require energy, while active transport from low concentration to high concentration occurs
against the concentration gradient and requires energy.
5. Describe Some organisms that normally live in pond water contain water pumps.
These pumps continually pump water out of the cell. Describe a scenario that might
reverse the action of the pump.
One scenario that might reverse the action of these water pumps is if the concentration of solutes
(dissolved substances) outside the cell becomes higher than the concentration inside the cell.
6. Summarize the role of the phospholipid bilayer in cellular transport in living cells.
This phospholipid bilayer determines what molecules can move into or out of the cell, and so is in large
part responsible for maintaining the delicate homeostasis of each cell.

91

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Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Rephrase the process of diffusion in your own words, and give an

Science Notebook • Cellular Structure and Function

water flows Water and

Get It? Compare and contrast diffusion and osmosis.

Get It? Compare and contrast the three types of solutions.

Science Notebook • Cellular Structure and Function

simple diffusion facilitated diffusion

Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education

Science Notebook • Cellular Structure and Function

3. Sketch a before and an after diagram of an animal cell placed in a hypotonic

4. Contrast how facilitated diffusion is different from active transport.

Science Notebook • Cellular Structure and Function

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