This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: E1 − 14 (Reapproved 2020) Method 9501—Federal Test

Method Standard No. 791b

Standard Specification for

ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope the thermometer will be suitable for the intended application.

1.1 This specification covers liquid-in-glass thermometers 1.6 The thermometers found in Table 1 contain mercury,
graduated in degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit that are mercury thallium eutectic alloy, or toluene or other suitable
frequently identified and used in methods under the jurisdiction liquid colored with a permanent red dye. For low-hazard
of the various technical committees within ASTM. The various precision non-mercury alternatives to E1 thermometers, see
thermometers specified are listed in Table 1. The inclusion of Specification E2251.
an IP number in Table 1 indicates, where appearing, that the 1.7 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by EPA and
thermometer specification has been jointly agreed upon by the many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
British Institute of Petroleum (IP) and ASTM. central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
1.2 This specification also covers adjustable-range its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
enclosed-scale thermometers, graduated in degrees Celsius, materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and
which are used in ASTM methods.
iTeh Standards
1.3 The enclosed-scale thermometers are commonly called
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website-

(https://standards.iteh.ai)
http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm - for additional informa-
Beckmann thermometers. They are suitable for measuring
tion. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or
small temperature differences not exceeding 6 °C within a
mercury containing products into your state may be prohibited
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larger range of temperature. The thermometers are unsuitable
by state law.
for measuring Celsius- or kelvin-scale temperatures unless they
have been compared with standard instruments immediately 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
before use. safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ASTM
1.4 An alphabetic list of the ASTM Thermometers included E1-14(2020)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
inhttps://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/bf6cd2ff-e418-4e86-9c19-f1085ec35712/astm-e1-142020
this standard is given in Table 2. mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 A list of ASTM Thermometers is given in Table 3 to 1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
facilitate selection according to temperature range, immersion, dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
and scale-error requirements. ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
NOTE 1—For a listing of thermometers recommended for general
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
laboratory use, the Scientific Apparatus Makers Association Specifications mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
for General Purpose Glass Laboratory Thermometers may be consulted.2 Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
NOTE 2—It has been found by experience that these ASTM
Thermometers, although developed in general for specific tests, may also 2. Referenced Documents
be found suitable for other applications, thus precluding the need for new
thermometer specifications differing in only minor features. However, it is 2.1 ASTM Standards:3
suggested that technical committees contact Subcommittee E20.05 before E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-
choosing a currently specified thermometer for a new method to be sure mometers
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-
etry
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E20 on E563 Practice for Preparation and Use of an Ice-Point Bath
Temperature Measurement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E20.05
on Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers and Hydrometers.
Current edition approved May 1, 2020. Published May 2020. Originally
3
approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E1 – 14. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/E0001-14R20. contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Available from SAMA Group of Assocs., 225 Reinekers, Ste. 625, Alexandria, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
VA 23314. the ASTM website.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 E1 − 14 (2020)
as a Reference Temperature should an encapsulated or otherwise modified ASTM ther-
E2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom- mometer be used in performing tests that specify the use of an
eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids ASTM thermometer.

3. Terminology 5. Type
3.1 Definitions: 5.1 The thermometers, as specified in Table 1, shall be filled
3.1.1 The definitions given in Terminology E344 apply. with one of the following liquids:
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 5.1.1 Mercury,
5.1.2 Mercury thallium eutectic alloy, or
3.2.1 adjusting device, n—a section of the instrument used
5.1.3 Toluene or other suitable liquid colored with a perma-
to adjust the amount of mercury in the bulb and main capillary
nent red dye.
to that needed for the intended temperature interval.
5.2 The filling above the liquid shall be nitrogen or other
3.2.2 bulb length, n—the distance from the bottom of the
suitable inert gas.
bulb to the junction of the bulb and the stem tubing.
3.2.3 contraction chamber, n—an enlargement of the 6. Stem
capillary, that will appear below the main scale or between the 6.1 Stem—The stem shall be made of suitable thermometer
main scale and the auxiliary scale, which serves to reduce its tubing and shall have a plain front and enamel back, unless
length or to prevent contraction of the liquid column into the otherwise specified in Table 1.
bulb.
6.2 Top Finish—The top of all thermometers specified in
3.2.4 diameter, n—the largest outside dimension of the glass Table 1 shall have a plain rounded finish, except the following
as measured with a ring gage. which shall have the top finish indicated below (unless
3.2.5 expansion chamber, n—an enlargement at the top of indicated as optional). Any special top finish shall be included
the capillary to provide protection against breakage caused by in the total length of the thermometer.
excessive gas pressure. 6.2.1 Glass Button Finish:
iTeh Standards
3.2.6 interval error, n—the deviation of the nominal value of
a temperature interval from its true value; either for the total
Thermometers 23C, 24C, and 25C
6.2.2 Special Finish:

(https://standards.iteh.ai) 6.2.2.1 Suitable for assembly in a standard 304.8-mm (12-

range (total interval) or for a part of the range (partial interval).
3.2.7 saddle, n—the bottom support of the enclosed scale.
in.) non-sparking metal armor with open face; in a cup case

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assembly; or in a flushing case assembly:
3.2.8 setting temperature, n—the temperature Thermometers 58C, 58F, 59C, 59F, 60C, 60F, 97C, 97F, 98C, 98F,
reading of zero on the main scale for a given adjustment of the 130C, and 130F
amount of mercury in the bulb and main capillary. 6.2.2.2 Suitable for assembly in a 12-in. non-sparking metal
ASTM E1-14(2020)
3.2.9 thermometric liquid, n—the liquid in a liquid-in-glass armor with open face:
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thermometer that indicates the value of temperature. Thermometer 99C, 99F

3.2.10 top of the thermometer, n—the top of the finished 6.2.3 Ring Top (optional only)—Thermometers 11C and
instrument. 11F.
3.2.11 total length, n—overall length of the finished instru- 7. Bulb
ment.
7.1 The bulb shall be made of glass having a viscosity of at
3.2.12 Other descriptions of terms shall be in accordance least 1014.6 poises at 490 °C (914 °F) and at least 1013.4 poises
with the Terminology section of Test Method E77. at 520 °C (968 °F).
Part A—Solid-Stem Thermometers 7.2 Thermometers made with bulb glasses not meeting the
minimum properties in 7.1 shall not be subjected to tempera-
4. Specifications tures above 405 °C (760 °F) or be continuously exposed to
temperatures above 370 °C (700 °F).
4.1 The individual thermometers shall conform to the de-
tailed specifications given in Table 1 and to the general 8. Capillary Clearances
requirements specified in Sections 5 – 15. 8.1 The following distances between graduations and the
4.2 Thermometers manufactured to previous revisions of bulb, and between graduations and enlargements in the
this specification shall retain the same ASTM status as those capillary, shall be minimum limits for thermometers in this
meeting current specifications. specification.
4.3 The encapsulation (jacketing) of the glass of liquid-in- NOTE 3—In order for a thermometer to be usable over its entire
glass thermometers with polyfluorinated hydrocarbons will graduated range, graduation marks should not be placed too close to any
enlargement in the capillary. Insufficient immersion of the thermometric
change their performance and physical characteristics, liquid in the main bulb or capillary enlargement, graduation marks placed
including, but not limited to, response time, accuracy, and over parts of the capillary that have been changed by manufacturing
physical dimensions. Therefore, under no circumstances operations, or graduations so close to the top of the thermometer that

2
 E1 − 14 (2020)
excessive gas pressure results when the thermometric liquid is raised to Thermometers 1C, 1F, 2C, 2F, 3C, 3F, 5C, 5F, 6C, 6F, 7C, 7F, 8C,
this level, may lead to appreciable errors. 8F, 9C, 9F, 10C, 10F, 11C, 11F, 12C, 12F, 13C, 15C, 15F, 16C, 16F,
17C, 17F, 18C, 18F, 19C, 19F, 20C, 20F, 21C, 21F, 22C, 22F, 23C,
8.1.1 A 13-mm length of unchanged capillary between the 24C, 25C, 36C, 37C, 38C, 39C, 40C, 41C, 42C, 43C, 43F, 49C,
bulb and the immersion line or lowest graduation, if the 54C, 54F, 61C, 61F, 71C, 71F, 82C, 82F, 83C, 83F, 84C, 84F, 85C,
graduation is not above 100 °C (212 °F); a 30-mm length if the 85F, 86C, 86F, 87C, 87F, 99C, 99F, 102C, 103C, 104C, 105C,
106C, 107C, 108F, 109F, 114C, 122C, 123C, 124C, 125C, 134C,
graduation is above 100 °C (212 °F). 135C, 135F, 136C, and 136F.
8.1.2 A 5-mm length of unchanged capillary between an
9.2.3 Group 3—Maximum line width 0.20 mm; for ther-
enlargement and the graduation next below, except at the top of
mometers with more open scales, usually read to the nearest
the thermometer.
division, often times under adverse conditions where a bold
8.1.3 A 10-mm length of unchanged capillary between an
graduation is therefore desired:
enlargement, other than the bulb, and the immersion line or the
graduation next above, if the graduation is not above 100 °C Thermometers 27C, 57C, 57F, 58C, 58F, 59C, 59F, 60C, 60F,
75F, 76F, 77F, 78F, 79F, 80F, 81F, 88C, 88F, 97C, 97F, 98C, 98F,
(212 °F); a 30-mm length if the graduation is above 100 °C 130C, and 130F.
(212 °F). 9.3 Immersion Line—On partial immersion thermometers
8.1.4 A 10-mm length of unchanged capillary above the an immersion line shall be permanently marked on the front of
highest graduation, if there is an expansion chamber at the top the thermometer at the distance above the bottom of the bulb as
of the thermometer; a 30-mm length if there is no expansion specified in Table 1 within a tolerance of 60.5 mm, except for
chamber. For the purposes of this requirement, “an expansion Thermometers 82F to 87F, which shall have no immersion line.
chamber” is interpreted as an enlargement at the top end of the The immersion inscription shall be written in capital letters and
capillary bore which shall have a capacity equivalent to not less abbreviated (for example, 76 mm immersion shall be written
than 20 mm of unchanged capillary. 76 MM IMM).
8.2 It is possible to manufacture thermometers that comply
9.4 Terminal Numbers—The terminal number shall be in
with the specifications given in Table 1, but do not meet the
full when there are one or more numbered graduations between
requirements for capillary clearances given above. In any case,
it and the last full number, before the terminal number. This
the distances given in this section shall be the governing factor.
iTeh Standards
Under no circumstances shall the scales on thermometers be
placed closer than these minimum distances.
rule need not necessarily be followed for:
9.4.1 Saybolt Viscosity Thermometers :

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17C, 17F, 19C, 19F, 20C, 20F, 21C, 21F, 77F, 78F, 79F, 80F, and
9. Graduations and Inscriptions 81F

9.1 All graduation lines, immersion lines, figures, and 9.4.2 Kinematic Viscosity Thermometers:
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letters shall be clearly defined, suitably colored, and perma- Preview
nent. The width and the sharpness of the graduation lines shall
28F, 29F, 30F, 44F, 45F, 46F, 47F, 48F, 72F, 73F, 74F, 110F, 118F,
126F, 128F, and 129F

be in accordance with 9.2. The middle of the graduation line 9.4.3 Engler Viscosity Thermometers :
shall be determinable. ASTM E1-14(2020) 23C, 24C, and 25C
9.1.1 A suitably etched thermometer with the etched lines
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and figures filled with a pigment shall be considered perma-
9.4.4 Precision Thermometers:
65F, 66F, 67C, 67F, and 68C
nently marked provided it passes the test for permanency of
pigment in Section 11. 9.4.5 Tank Thermometer:
9.1.2 A thermometer marked by other means shall also be 97F
considered permanently marked, provided it passes the test for 9.4.6 Solidification Point Thermometers:
permanency of pigment in Section 11. 100C and 101C
9.2 Graduation Lines—All graduation lines shall be 9.4.7 Reid Vapor Pressure:
straight, of uniform width, and perpendicular to the axis of the 18C and 18F
thermometer. The width of the graduation lines shall be as
follows: 9.4.8 Oxidation Stability:
9.2.1 Group 1—Maximum line width 0.10 mm; for ther- 22C and 22F

mometers that may read to fractions of a division, often with 9.5 Scale Below Zero—When a scale extends both above
magnifying aids: and below 0 °C or 0 °F, the two parts of the scale shall be
Thermometers 14C, 14F, 26C, 28C, 28F, 29C, 29F, 30F, 33C, differentiated by some means. Examples of suitable means are:
33F, 34C, 34F, 35C, 35F, 44C, 44F, 45C, 45F, 46C, 46F, 47C, 47F, 9.5.1 Different pigment colors for the two parts of the scale,
48C, 48F, 50F, 51F, 52C, 56C, 56F, 62C, 62F, 63C, 63F, 64C, 64F,
65C, 65F, 66C, 66F, 67C, 67F, 68C, 68F, 69C, 69F, 70C, 70F, 72C,
9.5.2 Different style of numerical characters for the two
72F, 73C, 73F, 74C, 74F, 89C, 90C, 91C, 92C, 93C, 94C, 95C, 96C, parts of the scale, and
100C, 101C, 110C, 110F, 111C, 112C, 113C, 113F, 116C, 117C, 9.5.3 Use of minus signs before appropriate numbers below
118C, 118F, 119C, 119F, 120C, 121C, 126C, 126F, 127C, 128C,
128F, 129C, 129F, 132C, 133C, and 137C. 0 °C or 0 °F.
9.2.2 Group 2—Maximum line width 0.15 mm; for ther-
mometers that may be read to the nearest half division or where 10. Special Inscription
the congestion of scale dictates the use of a scale with moderate 10.1 The special inscription specified in Table 1 shall be
fineness: marked on the thermometer in capital letters and Arabic

3
 E1 − 14 (2020)
numbers without the use of periods. In addition to the special 12. Bulb Stability
inscription prescribed in Table 1, each thermometer shall be 12.1 The test for bulb stability shall be made for the
permanently marked with a unique serial number and the following thermometers in the temperature range specified
manufacturer’s tradename or mark. below for 24 h. The scale indications after the test shall be
10.2 Engraving Revision Date on ASTM Thermometers— within the maximum scale error specified in Table 1. Obser-
Include year of current revision in ASTM designation (for vations of a reference point before and after the test to give a
example, ASTM 1C-99). measure of the degree of bulb stability achieved in manufac-
ture. The bulb is considered stable if the change in indications
11. Permanency of Pigment of the thermometer in the test is no more than 0.7 (7⁄10 ) of the
11.1 The test for permanency of pigment is designed to maximum scale error found in Table 1.
determine the ability of the pigment material to withstand the ASTM Test Temperature
Thermometer Number Range
exposure conditions encountered in use without being obliter-
ated. 3C, 8C, 10C, 11C, 70C 360 to 370°C
3F, 8F, 10F, 11F, 70F 680 to 700°F
11.2 Place any convenient portion of the scale section of the 2C, 7C, 69C, 107C 280 to 290°C
thermometer to be tested in an oven of the type shown in Fig. 2F, 7F, 69F 540 to 560 °F
1. Heat for 3 h at approximately 260°C (500°F). Allow to cool 12.1.1 The test for bulb stability is designed to determine
slowly. Inspect the thermometer for differences in appearance the adequacy of the stabilizing heat treatment accorded the
of the tested and untested sections of the scale portion. Burning thermometer bulb during manufacture. An inadequately stabi-
out, loosening, chalking, or fading of the pigment shall be lized bulb will undergo shrinkage with time which may be
cause for rejection. significant particularly in higher temperatures.

iTeh Standards
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ASTM E1-14(2020)
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FIG. 1 Oven for Permanency of Pigment Test

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 E1 − 14 (2020)
12.1.1.1 Heat the thermometer for 5 min at the temperature then repeat the procedures described in 12.1.2.1 and 12.1.2.2.
specified above in a preheated bath which may be of the type It must be emphasized that to obtain meaningful results, the
shown in Fig. 2. Immersion must be sufficient that all of the procedure adopted after the 168-h period of heating must be
thermometer bulb is at the specified temperature. Allow the identical to that used in the original calibration.
thermometer to cool, either naturally in still air, or slowly in the
13. Scale Error
test bath at a specified rate, to a span of 20° on the Celsius scale
(36° on the Fahrenheit scale) above ambient temperature or to 13.1 Thermometers shall be verified and calibrated at the
50°C (122°F), whichever is the lower, and then determine the temperatures specified in Table 4. Partial immersion thermom-
reading at some reference point, such as the ice point. If natural eters shall be calibrated for the emergent stem temperatures
cooling in still air is used, determine the reference reading specified in Table 4.
within 1 h. Return the thermometer to the bath, preheated to the 13.1.1 At the time of purchase, the scale errors shall be
temperature of test, and heat for 24 h. Allow the thermometer within the maximum scale error found in Table 1. The
to cool, at the same rate as at the start of the test, to the indications of many high temperature and fractionally gradu-
temperature referred to above, and redetermine the reference ated thermometers may change with time and continued use
reading under the same conditions as before. The magnitude of due to minute changes in bulb volume. Periodic verification of
any change in this reference reading as a result of the 24-h these thermometers, either over the entire scale or reverifica-
heating period is a measure of the quality of the bulb glass and tion at a reference temperature (ice point or steam point), in
the adequacy of the previous heat treatment accorded the accordance with procedures set forth in Test Method E77, is
thermometer in manufacture. recommended. For additional information on preparing ice-
12.1.2 For kinematic viscosity thermometers used for mea- point baths see Practice E563.
suring temperatures at and above 50°C (122°F), the following 13.2 Due to the application requirements for range and
bulb stability test is used. construction of the following thermometers, it is not practical
12.1.2.1 Heat the thermometer to the selected reference to include reference points such as the ice and steam points.
point on the main scale, maintain the temperature for at least 15 13C, 14C, 14F, 17C, 17F, 18C, 18F, 19C, 19F, 20C, 20F, 21C, 21F,
min, and determine the scale correction at this point. 23C, 24C, 26C, 27C, 38C, 49C, 50F, 51F, 56C, 56F, 76F, 77F, 78F,

iTeh Standards
12.1.2.2 Allow the thermometer to cool slowly in the test
bath (or naturally in still air) to at least a span of 20° on the
79F, 80F, 81F, 83C, 83F, 84C, 84F, 87C, 87F, 91C, 92C, 93C, 96C,
98C, 98F, 100C, 101C, 102C, 103C, 104C, 105C, 106C, 107C,
108F, 109F, 111C, 116C, 117C, 122C, 123C, and 124C

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Celsius scale (36° on the Fahrenheit scale) above ambient or to
50°C (122°F), whichever is the lower, and then determine the
correction after at least 15 min at the ice point. If natural
14. Case
14.1 Each thermometer shall be supplied in a suitable case
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cooling is used, the correction should be determined within 1 h.
12.1.2.3 Heat the thermometer again to the selected refer-
on which shall appear the following marking (except when a
transparent case is used): the letters “ASTM,” the thermometer
ence point on the main scale, keep it at this temperature for 168 number (33C, 33F, etc.), and the temperature range.
h. Allow the thermometer to cool as described in ASTM 12.1.2.2 E1-14(2020)
and
15. Methods of Verification and Calibration
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15.1 Thermometers shall be verified and calibrated at the
specified immersion in accordance with Test Method E77.
15.2 For partial immersion thermometers, careful consider-
ation of emergent stem temperatures shall be observed.
15.2.1 During the manufacture of partial immersion
thermometers, the manufacturer shall calibrate the thermom-
eters so the indicated temperatures are within the maximum
permissible errors found in Table 1 when the emergent stem
temperatures found in Table 4 are applied to the readings.
NOTE 4—To achieve the requirements in 15.2.1, the manufacturer may
have to measure emergent stem temperatures above its bath, calculate
correction factors, and offset its calibrations accordingly. See Test Method
FIG. 2 Air Bath for Bulb Stability Test E77 for the procedure to correct for emergent stem temperatures.

5
 TABLE 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
All dimensions are in millimeters.
See Table 4 for Verification and Calibration Temperatures.

Explanatory Notes:
A
An expansion chamber is provided for relief of gas pressure to avoid distortion of the bulb at higher temperatures. It is not for the purpose of joining mercury
separations and under no circumstances should the thermometer be heated above the highest temperature reading.
B
Toluene or other suitable liquid colored red with a permanent dye shall be used as the actuating liquid.
C
Under certain test conditions, the bulb of the thermometer may be 28 °C (50 °F) above the temperature indicated by the thermometer, and at an indicated
temperature of 371 °C (700 °F) the temperature of the bulb is approaching a critical range in the glass. It is therefore not desirable to use this thermometer under
such conditions at indicated temperatures above 371 °C (700 °F) without checking the ice point.
D
Longest graduation lines at 155 °C, 160 °C, 162 °C, 164 °C, 165 °C, and 170 °C, with arrows at 162 °C and 164 °C.
E
The length of the enlargement, and the distance from the bottom of the enlargement to the bottom of the bulb shall be measured with the test gage shown in
Fig. 1.
F
Long, narrow shape.
G
The test temperature shall be indicated by an arrow whether the graduation corresponding to that point is numbered or not.
H
Long, narrow shape; mercury shall be in the chamber at 0 °C (32 °F).
I

6
The thermometer shall be made to be mounted in a brass ferrule consisting of a tubular bushing 8.0 mm in outside diameter with a flanged head approximately
12 mm in diameter so that the upper extremity of the 8.0 mm diameter is located 90 mm from the bottom of the bulb.
J
To be marked on the glass stem at least 90 mm from the bottom of the bulb.
K
Glass button finish, see 6.2.1.

ASTM E1-14(2020)
L
Long, narrow shape; mercury shall be near bottom of the chamber at 0 °C.
M
For kinematic viscosity thermometers, the ice-point reading shall be taken within 1 h after being at the test temperature for not less than 3 minutes. The ice-
E1 − 14 (2020)

point reading shall be expressed to the nearest 0.01 °C or 0.02 °F and applied as explained in Test Method E77, Section 13.
N
Thermometers made to these specifications conform also with the requirements for the titer test thermometer of the American Oil Chemists Society and the
iTeh Standards
Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, except for the special inscription.
O
Capillary clearances must conform to Section 8.

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P
Mercury shall be near middle of chamber at 0 °C.
Q
The stem may be either the plain front or lens front type. If the thermometer is of the lens front type, the cross section of the stem shall be such that it will
pass through an 8-mm ring gage but will not enter a 5-mm slot gage.
R
A suitable mercury-thallium alloy shall be used as the actuating liquid.
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S
The expansion chamber shall be of the long narrow type 10 to 20 mm in length. The length of unchanged capillary between the nearest graduation mark and
the expansion chamber shall be not less than 10 mm.
T
Mercury shall be near the bottom of the chamber at 0 °C.
U
The length of unchanged capillary between the nearest graduation mark and contraction chamber shall be not less than 10 mm.
V
Change in correction over any 5 °F interval shall not exceed 0.10 °F.
W
Expansion chamber shall be of the long narrow type and there shall be not less than 10 mm of unchanged capillary between the base of the chamber and the
top graduation.
X
Mercury shall be in the chamber at 32 °F.
Y
Over any interval of 2 °C the change in correction shall not exceed 0.02 °C.
Z
Over any interval of 4 °F the change in correction shall not exceed 0.05 °F.
AA
Special finish, see 6.2.2.
BB
The bulb diameter shall not be more than 0.5 mm greater than the stem.
CC
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The stem shall be of the lens front type. The cross section of the stem shall be such that it will pass through a 8.0-mm ring gage but will not enter a 5.0-mm
slot gage. A minor diameter of 4 mm is permissible provided that the major diameter is not less than 7 mm.
DD
Bulb bottom shall be essentially hemispherical.
EE
Immersion line shall be omitted.
 FF
For Fahrenheit thermometers, dimension G (length of graduated portion) shall be measured as the length of graduated portion corresponding to the nominal
Celsius range.
GG
The immersion line shall be visible in the case opening after assembly. The immersion shall be measured from the bottom of the bulb rather than from the
bottom of the armor. See 6.2.2.
HH
The stem shall be either the round or lens-front type.
II
Contraction chamber to be long narrow type.
JJ
Over any interval of 1 °C the change in correction shall not exceed 0.01 °C. The correction at the lowest temperature of the nominal range shall not change
by more than 0.02 °C immediately after the thermometer has been heated for 15 min at a temperature 30 °C higher, and allowed to cool naturally in air.
KK
The capillary bore shall be large enough in relation to the bulb to ensure that (without tapping) jumping of the meniscus does not exceed one half of the
smallest scale division, when the temperature is rising at a uniform rate not exceeding 0.05 °C/min.
LL
The thermometer is to be calibrated for 100-mm immersion for the main scale, the ice point is to be calibrated for total immersion.
MM
Bulb shape ellipsoidal (see Fig. 2).
NN
This thermometer may be furnished with an optional ring top. See 6.2.3. Addition of a ring top will increase the total length by an amount equal to the outside
diameter of the ring.
OO
The stem shall be of the lens front type. The cross section of the stem shall be such that it will pass through a 7.0 mm ring gage.
ASTM No. 1C-99 1F-99FF 2C-99 2F-99FF 3C-99 3F-99FF
IP No. 62C 73C
Name Partial Immersion Partial Immersion Partial Immersion
Reference Fig. No. 3 3 3
Range −20 to + 150°C 0 to 302°F −5 to + 300°C 20 to 580°F −5 to + 400°CC 20 to 760°FC
For test at
A Immersion, mm 76 76 76
Graduations:
Subdivisions 1°C 2°F 1°C 2°F 1°C 2°F
Long lines at each 5°C 10°F 5°C 10°F 5°C 10°F
Numbers at each 10°C 20°F 10°C 20°F 10°C 20°F
Scale error, max 0.5°C 1°F 1°C 2°F 1°C to 301°C 2°F to 574°F
1.5°C above 3°F above
301°C 574°F

7
Special inscription ASTM ASTM ASTM
1C-99 or 1F-99 2C-99 or 2F-99 3C-99 or 3F–99
76 MM IMM 76 MM IMM 76 MM IMM
Expansion chamber:

ASTM E1-14(2020)
A A
Permit heating to 200°C 392°F
B Total length, mm 317 to 327 385 to 395 410 to 420
E1 − 14 (2020)

C Stem OD, mm 6.0 to 7.0 6.0 to 7.0 6.0 to 7.5

D
E
Bulb length, mm
Bulb OD, mm
19 to 25
5.0 to 6.0
10 to 15
5.0 to 6.0
iTeh Standards
10 to 15
5.0 to 6.0
Scale location:

Document Preview
Bottom of bulb to line at 0°C 32°F 0°C 32°F 0°C 32°F
F Distance, mm 111 to 118 100 to 110 100 to 110
G Length of graduated portion, mm 170 to 200O 225 to 265 O 250 to 290O
Ice-point scale:
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
Range
H Bottom of bulb to ice-point, mm
Contraction chamber:
I Distance to bottom, min, mm
J Distance to top, max, mm
Stem enlargement:
K OD, mm
L Length, mm
M Distance to bottom, mm
A
An expansion chamber is provided for relief of gas pressure to avoid distortion of the bulb at higher temperatures. It is not for the purpose of joining mercury separations and under no circumstances should
the thermometer be heated above the highest temperature reading.
B
Under certain test conditions, the bulb of the thermometer may be 28°C (50°F) above the temperature indicated by the thermometer, and at an indicated temperature of 371°C (700°F) the temperature of the
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/bf6cd2ff-e418-4e86-9c19-f1085ec35712/astm-e1-142020

bulb is approaching a critical range in the glass. It is therefore not desirable to use this thermometer under such conditions at indicated temperatures above 371°C (700°F) without checking the ice point.
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.
FF
For Fahrenheit thermometers, dimension G (length of graduated portion) shall be measured as the length of graduated portion corresponding to the nominal Celsius range.
 TABLE 1 Continued
FF
ASTM No. 5C-86 5F-86 6C-86 6F-86FF 7C-86 7F-86FF
IP No. 1C 2C 5C
Name Cloud and Pour Low Cloud and PourB Low Distillation
Reference Fig. No. 3 3 4
Range −38 to + 50°C −36 to + 120°F −80 to + 20°C −112 to + 70°F −2 to + 300°C 30 to 580°F
For test at
A Immersion, mm 108 76 total
Graduations:
Subdivisions 1°C 2°F 1°C 2°F 1°C 2°F
Long lines at each 5°C 10°F 5°C 10°F 5°C 10°F
Numbers at each 10°C 20°F 10°C 20°F 10°C 20°F
Scale error, max 0.5°C 1°F 1°C to − 33°C 2°F to − 28°F 0.5°C to 150°C 1°F to 300°F
2°C below − 33°C 4°F below − 28°F 1°C above 150°C 2°F above 300°F
Special inscription ASTM ASTM ASTM
5C-86 or 5F–86 6C-86 or 6F-86 7C-86 or 7F–86
108 MM IMM 76 MM IMM
Expansion chamber:
A
Permit heating to 100°C 212°F 60°C 140°F
B Total length, mm 225 to 235 225 to 235 380 to 390
C Stem OD, mm 6.0 to 8.0 6.0 to 8.0 6.0 to 8.0
D Bulb length, mm 7 to 10 7 to 10 10 to 15
E Bulb OD, mm ≤5.5 and ≥stem ≤5.0 and ≥stem ≤5.0 and ≥stem
Scale location:
Bottom of bulb to line at −38°C −36°F −70°C −94°F 0°C 32°F
F Distance, mm 120 to 130 100 to 120 100 to 110
G Length of graduated portion, mm 65 to 85O 70 to 100 O 225 to 255O

8
Ice-point scale:
Range
H Bottom of bulb to ice-point, mm
Contraction chamber:

ASTM E1-14(2020)
I Distance to bottom, min, mm
J Distance to top, max, mm
E1 − 14 (2020)

Stem enlargement:
K OD, mm iTeh Standards
L Length, mm
M Distance to bottom, mm

Document Preview
A
An expansion chamber is provided for relief of gas pressure to avoid distortion of the bulb at higher temperatures. It is not for the purpose of joining mercury separations and under no circumstances should
the thermometer be heated above the highest temperature reading.
B
Toluene or other suitable liquid colored red with a permanent dye shall be used as the actuating liquid.
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
FF
For Fahrenheit thermometers, dimension G (length of graduated portion) shall be measured as the length of graduated portion corresponding to the nominal Celsius range.

ASTM No. 8C-86 8F-86FF 9C-86 9F-86FF 10C-86 10F-86FF

IP No. 6C 15C 16C
Name High Distillation Low-Pensky-Martens High-Pensky-Martens
Reference Fig. No. 4 5 5
Range −2 to + 400°CC 30 to 760°FC −5 to + 110°C 20 to 230°F 90 to 370°C 200 to 700°F
For test at
A Immersion, mm total 57 57
Graduations:
Subdivisions 1°C 2°F 0.5°C 1°F 2°C 5°F
Long lines at each 5°C 10°F 1°C and 5°C 5°F 10°C 25°F
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/bf6cd2ff-e418-4e86-9c19-f1085ec35712/astm-e1-142020

Numbers at each 10°C 20°F 5°C 10°F 20°C 50°F

Scale error, max 1°C to 300°C 2°F to 570°F 0.5°C 1°F 1°C to 260°C 2.5°F to 500°F
1.5°C above 300°C 3°F above 570°F 2°C above 260°C 3.5°F above 500°F
 TABLE 1 Continued
Special inscription ASTM ASTM ASTM
8C-86 or 8F-86 9C-86 or 9F–86 10C-86 or 10F–86
57 MM IMM 57 MM IMM
Expansion chamber:
A A
Permit heating to 160°C 320°F
B Total length, mm 380 to 390 285 to 295 285 to 295
C Stem OD, mm 6.0 to 8.0 6.0 to 7.0 6.0 to 7.0
D Bulb length, mm 10 to 15 9 to 13 7 to 10
E Bulb OD, mm ≤5.0 and ≥stem ≤5.5 and ≥stem ≤4.5 and ≥stem
Scale location:
Bottom of bulb to line at 0°C 32°F 0°C 32°F 90°C 200°F
F Distance, mm 30 to 40 85 to 95 80 to 90
O O
G Length of graduated portion, mm 290 to 330 140 to 175 145 to 180O
Ice-point scale:
Range
H Bottom of bulb to ice-point, mm
Contraction chamber:
I Distance to bottom, min, mm
J Distance to top, max, mm
Stem enlargement
K OD, mm 7.5 to 8.5 7.5 to 8.5
L Length, mm 2.5 to 5.0 E 2.5 to 5.0E
M Distance to bottom, mm 64 to 66 64 to 66
A
An expansion chamber is provided for relief of gas pressure to avoid distortion of the bulb at higher temperatures. It is not for the purpose of joining mercury separations and under no circumstances should
the thermometer be heated above the highest temperature reading.
C
Under certain test conditions, the bulb of the thermometer may be 28°C (50°F) above the temperature indicated by the thermometer, and at an indicated temperature of 371°C (700°F) the temperature of the
bulb is approaching a critical range in the glass. It is therefore not desirable to use this thermometer under such conditions at indicated temperatures above 371°C (700°F) without checking the ice point.
E
The length of the enlargement, and the distance from the bottom of the enlargement to the bottom of the bulb shall be measured with the test gage shown in Fig. 1.
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.

9
FF
For Fahrenheit thermometers, dimension G (length of graduated portion) shall be measured as the length of graduated portion corresponding to the nominal Celsius range.

ASTM No. 11C-86 11F-86FF 12C-98 12F-98FF 13C-86

ASTM E1-14(2020)
IP No. 28C 64C 64F 47C
Name Cleveland Open Flash Density-Wide Range Loss on Heat
E1 − 14 (2020)

Reference Fig. No. 3 4 9

C
Range −6 to + 400°C 20 to 760°FC −20 to + 102°C
iTeh Standards −5 to + 215°F 155 to 170°C
For test at
A Immersion, mm 25 total total

Document Preview
Graduations:
Subdivisions 2°C 5°F 0.2°C 0.5°F 0.5°C
Long lines at each 10°C 10°F 1°C 1°F 1°CD
Numbers at each 20°C 20°F 2°C 5°F 155°C, 160°C, 165°C,
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
170°C
Scale error, max 2°C to 260°C 5°F to 500°F 0.15°C 0.25°F 0.5°C
4°C above 260°C 7°F above 500°F
Special inscription ASTM ASTM ASTM
11C-86 or 11F–86 12C-98 or 12F–98 13C-86
25 MM IMM
Expansion chamber:
A
Permit heating to 150°C 300°F 200°C
B Total length, mm 305 to 315NN 415 to 425 150 to 160
C Stem OD, mm 6.0 to 8.0 6.0 to 8.0 5.5 to 7.0
D Bulb length, mm 7 to 10 15 to 20 10 to 15
E Bulb OD, mm ≤4.5 and ≥stem bulb size ≥stem size ≤5.0 and ≥stem
Scale location:
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/bf6cd2ff-e418-4e86-9c19-f1085ec35712/astm-e1-142020

Bottom of bulb to line at 0°C 32°F −20°C −4°F 155°C

F Distance, mm 45 to 55 35 to 50 50 to 60
O O
G Length of graduated portion, 210 to 240 305 to 350 40 to 60O
mm
 TABLE 1 Continued
Ice-point scale:
Range
H Bottom of bulb to ice-point,
mm
Contraction chamber:
I Distance to bottom, min, mm
J Distance to top, max, mm 30F
Stem enlargement:
K OD, mm
L Length, mm
M Distance to bottom, mm
A
An expansion chamber is provided for relief of gas pressure to avoid distortion of the bulb at higher temperatures. It is not for the purpose of joining mercury separations, and under no circum-
stances should the thermometer be heated above the highest temperature reading.
C
Under certain test conditions, the bulb of the thermometer may be 28°C (50°F) above the temperature indicated by the thermometer, and at an indicated temperature of 371°C (700°F) the tempera-
ture of the bulb is approaching a critical range in the glass. It is therefore not desirable to use this thermometer under such conditions at indicated temperatures above 371°C (700°F) without checking
the ice point.
D
Longest graduation lines at 155°C, 160°C, 162°C, 164°C, 165°C, and 170°C, with arrows at 162°C and 164°C.
F
Long, narrow shape.
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.
FF
For Fahrenheit thermometers, dimension G (length of graduated portion) shall be measured as the length of graduated portion corresponding to the nominal Celsius range.
NN
This thermometer may be furnished with an optional ring top. See 6.2.3. Addition of a ring top will increase the total length by an amount equal to the outside diameter of the ring.
ASTM No. 14C-86 14F-86FF 15C-86 15F-86FF 16C-86 16F-86FF
IP No. 17C 60C 61C
Name Wax Melting Point Low Softening Point High Softening Point
Reference Fig. No. 7 4 4
Range 38 to 82°C 100 to 180°F −2 to + 80°C 30 to 180°F 30 to 200°C 85 to 392°F
For test at
A Immersion, mm 79 total total
Graduations:

10
Subdivisions 0.1°C 0.2°F 0.2°C 0.5°F 0.5°C 1°F
Long lines at each 0.5°C 1°F 1°C 1°F 1°C 5°F
Numbers at each 1°C 2°F 2°C 5°F 5°C 10°F

ASTM E1-14(2020)
Scale error, max 0.1°C 0.2°F 0.2°C 0.4°F 0.3°C 0.5°F
Special inscription ASTM ASTM ASTM
E1 − 14 (2020)

14C-86 or 14F–86 15C-86 or 15F–86 16C-86 or 16F–86

79 MM IMM iTeh Standards
Expansion chamber:
Permit heating to 100°C 212°F 130°C 270°F 250°C 482°F

Document Preview
B Total length, mm 370 to 380 390 to 400 390 to 400
C Stem OD, mm 6.0 to 8.0 6.0 to 8.0 6.0 to 8.0
D Bulb length, mm 18 to 28 9 to 14 9 to 14
E Bulb OD, mm 5.0 to 6.0 4.5 to 5.5 4.5 to 5.5
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
Scale location:
Bottom of bulb to line at 40°C 104°F 0°C 32°F 30°C 86°F
F Distance, mm 115 to 125 75 to 90 75 to 90
G Length of graduated portion, mm 210 to 240O 245 to 285 O 245 to 280O
Ice-point scale:
Range
H Bottom of bulb to ice-point, mm
Contraction chamber:
I Distance to bottom, min, mm
J Distance to top, max, mm 41
Stem enlargement:
K OD, mm
L Length, mm
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/bf6cd2ff-e418-4e86-9c19-f1085ec35712/astm-e1-142020

M Distance to bottom, mm
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.
FF
For Fahrenheit thermometers, dimension G (length of graduated portion) shall be measured as the length of graduated portion corresponding to the nominal Celsius range.
 TABLE 1 Continued
FF
ASTM No. 17C-86 17F-86 18C-86 18F-86FF 19C-86 19F-86FF
IP No. 23C
Name Saybolt Viscosity Reid Vapor Pressure Saybolt Viscosity
Reference Fig. No. 8 8 8
Range 19 to 27°C 66 to 80°F 34 to 42°C 94 to 108°F 49 to 57°C 120 to 134°F
For test at 21.1 and 25°CG 70 and 77°F G 37.8°CG 100°FG 50 and 54.4°CG 122 and 130°F G
A Immersion, mm total total total
Graduations:
Subdivisions 0.1°C 0.2°F 0.1°C 0.2°F 0.1°C 0.2°F
Long lines at each 0.5°C 1°F 0.5°C 1°F 0.5°C 1°F
Numbers at each 1°C, except 21 2°F 1°C 2°F 1°C, except 54 2°F
Scale error, max 0.1°C 0.2°F 0.1°C 0.2°F 0.1°C 0.2°F
Special inscription ASTM ASTM ASTM
17C-86 or 17F-86 18C-86 or 18F-86 19C-86 or 19F-86
Expansion chamber:
Permit heating to 100°C 212°F 100°C 212°F 115°C 240°F
B Total length, mm 270 to 280 270 to 280 270 to 280
C Stem OD, mm 6.0 to 7.0 6.0 to 7.0 6.0 to 7.0
D Bulb length, mm 25 to 35 25 to 35 25 to 35
E Bulb OD, mm ≤5.0 and ≥stem ≥stem ≤5.0 and ≥stem
Scale location:
Bottom of bulb to line at 19°C 66°F 34°C 94°F 49°C 120°F
F Distance, mm 135 to 150 130 to 150 135 to 150
O O
G Length of graduated portion, mm 67 to 101 60 to 90 67 to 101O
Ice-point scale:
Range
H Bottom of bulb to ice-point, mm

11
Contraction chamber:
I Distance to bottom, min, mm
J Distance to top, max, mm 60H 60H 60 H
Stem enlargement:

ASTM E1-14(2020)
K OD, mm 8.0 to 10.0 8.0 to 10.0 8.0 to 10.0
L Length, mm 4.0 to 7.0 4.0 to 7.0 4.0 to 7.0
E1 − 14 (2020)

M Distance to bottom, mm 112 to 116 112 to 116 112 to 116

G
The test temperatures shall be indicated by an arrow whether the graduation corresponding to that point is numbered or not. iTeh Standards
H
Long, narrow shape; mercury shall be in the chamber at 0°C (32°F).
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.

Document Preview
FF
For Fahrenheit thermometers, dimension G (length of graduated portion) shall be measured as the length of graduated portion corresponding to the nominal Celsius range.

ASTM No. 20C-86 20F-86FF 21C-86 21F-86FF 22C-86 22F-86FF

(https://standards.iteh.ai)
IP No. 24C
Name Saybolt Viscosity Saybolt Viscosity Oxidation Stability
Reference Fig. No. 8 8 8
Range 57 to 65°C 134 to 148°F 79 to 87°C 174 to 188°F 95 to 103°C 204 to 218°F
G G G
For test at 60°C 140°FG 82.2°C 180°FG 98.9 and 100°C 210°FG
A Immersion, mm total total total
Graduations:
Subdivisions 0.1°C 0.2°F 0.1°C 0.2°F 0.1°C 0.2°F
Long lines at each 0.5°C 1°F 0.5°C 1°F 0.5°C 1°F
Numbers at each 1°C 2°F 1°C, except 82 2°F 1°C 2°F
Scale error, max 0.1°C 0.2°F 0.1°C 0.2°F 0.1°C 0.2°F
Special inscription ASTM ASTM ASTM
20C-86 or 20F-86 21C-86 or 21F–86 22C-86 or 22F–86
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/bf6cd2ff-e418-4e86-9c19-f1085ec35712/astm-e1-142020

Expansion chamber:
Permit heating to 115°C 240°F 140°C 285°F 155°C 310°F
B Total length, mm 270 to 280 270 to 280 270 to 280
C Stem OD, mm 6.0 to 7.0 6.0 to 7.0 6.0 to 8.0
 TABLE 1 Continued
D Bulb length, mm 25 to 35 25 to 35 25 to 35
E Bulb OD, mm ≤5.0 and ≥stem ≤5.0 and ≥stem ≤5.0 and ≥stem
Scale location:
Bottom of bulb to line at 57°C 134°F 79°C 174°F 95°C 204°F
F Distance, mm 135 to 150 135 to 150 135 to 150
O O
G Length of graduated portion, mm 67 to 101 67 to 101 70 to 100O
Ice-point scale:
Range
H Bottom of bulb to ice-point,
mm
Contraction chamber:
I Distance to bottom, min, mm
J Distance to top, max, mm 60H 60H 60 H
Stem enlargement:
K OD, mm 8.0 to 10.0 8.0 to 10.0 8.0 to 10.0
L Length, mm 4.0 to 7.0 4.0 to 7.0 4.0 to 7.0
M Distance to bottom, mm 112 to 116 112 to 116 112 to 116
G
The test temperatures shall be indicated by an arrow whether the graduation corresponding to that point is numbered or not.
H
Long, narrow shape; mercury shall be in the chamber at 0°C (32°F).
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.
FF
For Fahrenheit thermometers, dimension G (length of graduated portion) shall be measured as the length of graduated portion corresponding to the nominal Celsius range.

ASTM No. 23C-86 24C-86 25C-86

IP No.
Name Engler ViscosityI Engler ViscosityI Engler ViscosityI
Reference Fig. No. 7K 7K 7K
Range 18 to 28°C 39 to 54°C 95 to 105°C
For test at 25°C 40 and 50°C 100°C

12
A Immersion, mm 90 90 90
Graduations:
Subdivisions 0.2°C 0.2°C 0.2°C

ASTM E1-14(2020)
Long lines at each 1°C 1°C 1°C
Numbers at each 2°C full figures at 25 2°C full figures at 40 and 50 2°C full figures at 100
E1 − 14 (2020)

Scale error, max 0.1°C at 25°C 0.1°C at 40 and 50°C 0.1°C at 100°C
Special inscription ASTM ASTM
iTeh Standards ASTM
23C-86 24C-86 25C-86
90 MM IMMJ 90 MM IMMJ 90 MM IMM J

Document Preview
Expansion chamber:
Permit heating to 100°C 105°C 155°C
B Total length, mm 207 to 217 232 to 242 207 to 217
C Stem OD, mm 5.5 to 6.5 5.5 to 6.5 5.5 to 6.5
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
D Bulb length, mm 13 to 19 13 to 19 13 to 19
E Bulb OD, mm 5.5 to 6.5 5.5 to 6.5 5.5 to 6.5
Scale location:
Bottom of bulb to line at 18°C 39°C 95°C
F Distance, mm 108 to 118 108 to 118 108 to 118
G Length of graduated portion, mm 42 to 69O 67 to 94O 42 to 69O
Ice-point scale:
Range
H Bottom of bulb to ice-point, mm
Contraction chamber:
I Distance to bottom, min, mm
J Distance to top, max, mm 60I 60I 60I
Stem enlargement:
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/bf6cd2ff-e418-4e86-9c19-f1085ec35712/astm-e1-142020

K OD, mm
L Length, mm
M Distance to bottom, mm
 TABLE 1 Continued
I
The thermometer shall be made to be mounted in a brass ferrule consisting of a tubular bushing 8.0 mm in outside diameter with a flanged head approximately 12 mm in diameter so that the upper extrem-
ity of the 8.0 mm diameter is located 90 mm from the bottom of the bulb.
J
To be marked on the glass stem at least 90 mm from the bottom of the bulb.
K
Glass button finish, see 6.2.1.
L
Long, narrow shape; mercury shall be near bottom of the chamber at 0°C.
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.

ASTM No. 26C-86 27C-86 28C-86 28F-86 FF

IP No. 31C
Name Stability Test of Soluble Nitrocellulose Turpentine Distillation Kinematic ViscosityM
Reference Fig. No. 9 7 6
Range 130 to 140°C 147 to 182°C 36.6 to 39.4°C 97.5 to 102.5°F
For test at 134.5°C 37.8°C 100°F
A Immersion, mm total 76 total
Graduations:
Subdivisions 0.1°C 0.5°C 0.05°C 0.1°F
Long lines at each 0.5°C 1°C 0.1 and 0.5°C 0.5 and 1°F
Numbers at each 1°C and in full at 130, 135, 140 2°C from 148 1°C 1°F
Scale error, max 0.2°C 0.5°C 0.1°C 0.2°F
Special inscription ASTM ASTM ASTM
26C-86 27C-86 28C-86 or 28F-86
76 MM IMM
Expansion chamber:
Permit heating to 175°C 230°C 105°C 220°F
B Total length, mm 458 to 468 296 to 306 300 to 310
C Stem OD, mm 6.5 to 8.0 6.0 to 7.0 6.0 to 8.0
D Bulb length, mm 54 to 67 10 to 15 45 to 55
E Bulb OD, mm 6.0 to 7.0 4.0 to 5.5 ≥stem

13
Scale location:
Bottom of bulb to line at 134.5°C 147°C 36.6°C 97.5°F
F Distance, mm 320 to 340 100 to 115 145 to 165
O O O
G Length of graduated portion, mm 112 to 145 131 to 166 40 to 90

ASTM E1-14(2020)
Ice-point scale:
Range −0.3 to + 0.3°CO 31.5 to 32.5°FO
E1 − 14 (2020)

H Bottom of bulb to ice-point, mm

Contraction chamber: iTeh Standards
I Distance to bottom, min, mm 100
J Distance to top, max, mm 100I 40I 125

Document Preview
Stem enlargement:
K OD, mm
L Length, mm
M Distance to bottom, mm
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
I
Long, narrow shape; mercury shall be near bottom of the chamber at 0°C.
M
For kinematic viscosity thermometers, the ice-point reading shall be taken within 1 h after being at the test temperature for not less than 3 minutes. The ice-point reading shall be expressed to the nearest
0.01°C or 0.02°F and applied as explained in Test Method E77, Section 13.
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.
FF
For Fahrenheit thermometers, dimension G (length of graduated portion) shall be measured as the length of graduated portion corresponding to the nominal Celsius range.

ASTM No. 29C-86 29F-86FF 30F-86FF 33C-86 33F-86FF

IP No. 34C 20C
Name Kinematic ViscosityM Kinematic ViscosityM Low Aniline Point
Reference Fig. No. 6 6 3
Range 52.6 to 55.4°C 127.5 to 132.5°F 207.5 to 212.5°F −38 to + 42°C −36.5 to + 107.5°F
For test at 54.4°C 130°F 210°F
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/bf6cd2ff-e418-4e86-9c19-f1085ec35712/astm-e1-142020

A Immersion, mm total total 50

Graduations:
Subdivisions 0.05°C 0.1°F 0.1°F 0.2°C 0.5°F
Long lines at each 0.1 and 0.5°C 0.5 and 1°F 0.5 and 1°F 1°C 1°F
 TABLE 1 Continued
Numbers at each 1°C 1°F 1°F 2°C 5°F
Scale error, max 0.1°C 0.2°F 0.2°F 0.2°C 0.5°F
Special inscription ASTM ASTM ASTM
29C-86 or 29F–86 30F-86 33C-86 or 33F-86
50 MM IMM
Expansion chamber:
Permit heating to 105°C 220°F 266°F 100°C 212°F
B Total length, mm 300 to 310 300 to 310 415 to 425
C Stem OD, mm 6.0 to 8.0 6.0 to 8.0 6.0 to 7.5
D Bulb length, mm 45 to 55 45 to 55 10 to 20
E Bulb OD, mm ≥stem ≥stem ≤5.0 and ≥stem
Scale location:
Bottom of bulb to line at 52.6°C 127.5°F 207.5°F −35°C −31°F
F Distance, mm 145 to 165 145 to 165 100 to 125
O O O
G Length of graduated portion, mm 40 to 90 40 to 90 240 to 280
Ice-point scale:
Range −0.3 to + 0.3°CO 31.5 to 32.5°FO 31.5 to 32.5°F O
H Bottom of bulb to ice-point, mm
Contraction chamber:
I Distance to bottom, min, mm 100 100
J Distance to top, max, mm 125 125
Stem enlargement:
K OD, mm
L Length, mm
M Distance to bottom, mm
M
For kinematic viscosity thermometers, the ice-point reading shall be taken within 1 h after being at the test temperature for not less than 3 minutes. The ice-point reading shall be expressed to the nearest
0.01°C or 0.02°F and applied as explained in Test Method E77, Section 13.
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.
FF
For Fahrenheit thermometers, dimension G (length of graduated portion) shall be measured as the length of graduated portion corresponding to the nominal Celsius range.

14
ASTM No. 34C-86 34F-86FF 35C-86 35F-86FF 36C-86
IP No. 21C 59C

ASTM E1-14(2020)
Name Medium Aniline Point High Aniline Point Titer TestN
Reference Fig. No. 3 7 3
E1 − 14 (2020)

Range 25 to 105°C 77 to 221°F 90 to 170°C 194 to 338°F −2 to + 68°C

For test at iTeh Standards
A Immersion, mm 50 50 45
Graduations:

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Subdivisions 0.2°C 0.5°F 0.2°C 0.5°F 0.2°C
Long lines at each 1°C 1°F 1°C 1°F 1°C
Numbers at each 2°C 5°F 2°C 5°F 2°C
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
Scale error, max 0.2°C 0.5°F 0.4°C 1.0°F 0.2°C
Special inscription ASTM ASTM ASTM
34C-86 or 34F-86 35C-86 or 35F–86 36C-86
50 MM IMM 50 MM IMM 45 MM IMM
Expansion chamber:
Permit heating to 150°C 302°F 220°C 428°F 85°CO
B Total length, mm 415 to 425 415 to 425 400 to 410
C Stem OD, mm 6.0 to 7.5 6.0 to 7.5 6.0 to 7.0Q
D Bulb length, mm 10 to 20 10 to 20 15 to 25
E Bulb OD, mm ≤5.0 and ≥stem 5.0 to ≥stem ≤5.5 and ≥stem
Scale location:
Bottom of bulb to line at 25°C 77°F 90°C 194°F −2°C
F Distance, mm 100 to 115 100 to 115 50 to 60
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/bf6cd2ff-e418-4e86-9c19-f1085ec35712/astm-e1-142020

G Length of graduated portion, mm 240 to 280O 240 to 280 O 290 to 320O

Ice-point scale:
Range
H Bottom of bulb to ice-point, mm
 TABLE 1 Continued
Contraction chamber:
I Distance to bottom, min, mm
J Distance to top, max, mm 35P
Stem enlargement:
K OD, mm
L Length, mm
M Distance to bottom, mm
N
Thermometers made to these specifications conform also with the requirements for the titer test thermometer of the American Oil Chemists Society and the Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, except
for the special inscription.
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.
P
Mercury shall be near middle of chamber at 0°C.
Q
The stem may be either the plain front or lens front type. If the thermometer is of the lens front type, the cross section of the stem shall be such that it will pass through an 8-mm ring gage but will not enter a
5-mm slot gage.
FF
For Fahrenheit thermometers, dimension G (length of graduated portion) shall be measured as the length of graduated portion corresponding to the nominal Celsius range.

ASTM No. 37C-86 38C-86 39C-86

IP No. 77C 78C 79C
Name Solvents Distillation Solvents Distillation Solvents Distillation
Reference Fig. No. 3 3 7
Range −2 to + 52°C 24 to 78°C 48 to 102°C
For test at
A Immersion, mm 100 100 100
Graduations:
Subdivisions 0.2°C 0.2°C 0.2°C
Long lines at each 1°C 1°C 1°C
Numbers at each 2°C 2°C 2°C
Scale error, max 0.2°C 0.2°C 0.2°C
Special inscription ASTM ASTM ASTM

15
37C-86 38C-86 39C-86
100 MM IMM 100 MM IMM 100 MM IMM
Expansion chamber:
Permit heating to 80°C 105°C 130°C

ASTM E1-14(2020)
B Total length, mm 390 to 400 390 to 400 390 to 400
C Stem OD, mm 6.0 to 8.0 6.0 to 8.0 6.0 to 8.0
E1 − 14 (2020)

D Bulb length, mm 15 to 20 15 to 20 15 to 20
E Bulb OD, mm ≥stem iTeh Standards ≥stem ≥stem
Scale location:
Bottom of bulb to line at −2°C 24°C 48°C

Document Preview
F Distance, mm 125 to 145 125 to 145 125 to 145
G Length of graduated portion, mm 190 to 235O 190 to 235O 190 to 235O
Ice-point scale:
Range
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
H Bottom of bulb to ice-point, mm
Contraction chamber:
I Distance to bottom, min, mm
J Distance to top, max, mm 35T
Stem enlargement:
K OD, mm
L Length, mm
M Distance to bottom, mm
O
Capillary clearances shall conform to Section 8.
T
Mercury shall be near the bottom of the chamber at 0°C.

ASTM No. 40C-86 41C-86 42C-86

https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/bf6cd2ff-e418-4e86-9c19-f1085ec35712/astm-e1-142020

IP No. 80C 81C 82C

Name Solvents Distillation Solvents Distillation Solvents Distillation
Reference Fig. No. 7 7 7
Range 72 to 126°C 98 to 152°C 95 to 255°C