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    Animal & Plant Cells

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    xboxgp299
    The document summarizes the functions of key organelles in plant and animal cells. In plant cells, the large central vacuole, chloroplast, and cell wall are unique organelles that store water for photosynthesis, perform photosynthesis, and provide structure, respectively. The vacuole stores water compactly to give plant cells rigidity. In both cell types, the nucleus contains DNA, which is transcribed and translated by the ribosomes to synthesize proteins with help from the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The mitochondria and lysosomes generate energy and digest waste.

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    Animal & Plant Cells

    Uploaded by

    xboxgp299
    58 views4 pages
    The document summarizes the functions of key organelles in plant and animal cells. In plant cells, the large central vacuole, chloroplast, and cell wall are unique organelles that store water for photosynthesis, perform photosynthesis, and provide structure, respectively. The vacuole stores water compactly to give plant cells rigidity. In both cell types, the nucleus contains DNA, which is transcribed and translated by the ribosomes to synthesize proteins with help from the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The mitochondria and lysosomes generate energy and digest waste.

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    Plant cell

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    The document summarizes the functions of key organelles in plant and animal cells. In plant cells, the large central vacuole, chloroplast, and cell wall are unique organelles that store water for photosynthesis, perform photosynthesis, and provide structure, respectively. The vacuole stores water compactly to give plant cells rigidity. In both cell types, the nucleus contains DNA, which is transcribed and translated by the ribosomes to synthesize proteins with help from the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The mitochondria and lysosomes generate energy and digest waste.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    58 views4 pages

    Animal & Plant Cells

    Uploaded by

    xboxgp299
    The document summarizes the functions of key organelles in plant and animal cells. In plant cells, the large central vacuole, chloroplast, and cell wall are unique organelles that store water for photosynthesis, perform photosynthesis, and provide structure, respectively. The vacuole stores water compactly to give plant cells rigidity. In both cell types, the nucleus contains DNA, which is transcribed and translated by the ribosomes to synthesize proteins with help from the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The mitochondria and lysosomes generate energy and digest waste.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 4

    Functions

    Plant cell functions


    Nucleus - store and regulate DNA

    DNA - (deoxyribonucleic acid) DNA provides genetic code for the synthesis of proteins
    for cell growth and development

    Rough endoplasmic reticulum- Produce protein for rest of the cells to function.

    Ribosome- Performs protein synthesis from translating info containing mRNA


    molecules. (messenger RiboNucleic Acid)

    Golgi apparatus - process and packages proteins that has left the rough endoplasmic
    reticulum to be transported by vesicles inside or outside the cell

    Vesicles - involved in Metabolism, Transport, buoyancy control, and enzyme storage.

    Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum- help make hormones, lipids, steroids and


    phospholipids.

    Cytoplasm- Responsible for holding components of the cell then protecting them from
    damage. Help shape cells, Help with genetic material or transport and products for
    cellular and respiration cells.

    Cell membrane - Regulates transport of materials exiting and entering the cell
    Mitochondria-Makes ATP energy

    Lysosome- Digestive system of cell, removes dead parts of the cell, help with protein
    synthesis.

    Cell wall- Gives support sturdiness. Only plants have these.

    Large central vacuole- Contains densely compact water for photosynthesis. Only plants
    have these.
    Chloroplast-It does photosynthesis, which is how the plant gets its energy. It also makes
    the plant green.

    Animals cell functions


    Nucleus - The animal nucleus prioritizes organization, protecting, storing, and copying

    DNA - (deoxyribonucleic acid) DNA provides genetic code for the synthesis of proteins
    for cell growth and development

    Rough endoplasmic reticulum- produce proteins for the rest of the cell function.

    Ribosome- where protein synthesis in the cell takes place.

    Golgi apparatus - processes and packages proteins that have left the rough
    endoplasmic reticulum to be transported by vesicles inside or outside the cell.

    Vesicles- Help transport materials that organisms need to survive and recycle waste
    material.

    Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum- make products like hormones and lipids.

    Cytoplasm - Responsible for holding components of the cell then protecting them from
    damage. Help shape cells, Help with genetic material or transport and products for
    cellular and respiration cells.

    Cell membrane-The "border patrol" of things exiting and entering the cell such as waste
    and water. It does this with the process of diffusion and osmosis.

    Mitochondria- It makes the energy for the cells in ATP energy.

    Lysosome-The Digestive part of the cell, it removes dead parts of the cell, and helps out
    with protein synthesis.
    ANALYSIS QUESTIONS:
    1: The 3 organelles found only in plants are the Large central vacuole, the Chloroplast,
    and the cell wall.

    2: The Vacuole works as a water balloon, it is tightly filled making the cell rigid. This is
    also why when plants do not have water, the leaves shrivel because the "water balloon"
    has no water to make it compact. There is also the cell wall, which acts like a barrier
    from stress which makes it sturdy.

    PART B; SIMPLIFIED PROTEIN SYNTHESIS


    Protein synthesis is a fundamental cellular process that begins with DNA, the
    repository of genetic information, housed within the nucleus. When the cell needs to
    create a protein, a segment of DNA containing the necessary genetic instructions is
    transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) in the nucleus. The mRNA then travels to the
    rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), where ribosomes are attached to its surface.
    These ribosomes play a pivotal role in translating the mRNA code into a chain of amino
    acids, the fundamental building blocks of proteins. The newly formed protein is
    subsequently transported to the Golgi apparatus, which modifies and fine-tunes it
    through post-translational modifications. Finally, the Golgi apparatus packages the
    protein into vesicles for delivery to its ultimate destination, enabling the cell to
    synthesize and utilize a diverse array of proteins essential for its functions.

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