Railway and traction

Our sensors and solutions

Contents
4 On-board current sensors
Fluxgate, Hall effect Open Loop & Closed Loop

10 On-board voltage sensors

Hall effect, Digital insulation technology

14 Trackside sensors
Hall effect Open Loop & Closed Loop

18 On-board metering
Energy Meter, Modem
 AC DC

RA LTC 500 DVL LAC LF 2010 DVC LF 510 LF 1010 LTC 1000 CD DV ITC LT 4000 DVM LESR HTRS PCM
series series series series series series series series series series series series series series
Today, high speed trains, city transit systems
(metro, trams and trolleybuses) as well as
freight trains are the solutions against pol-
lution and interstate traffic immobility, also
providing significant energy savings. Further-
more, power electronics is essential to drive
and control energy in these transportation
systems.

LEM has been a main player in traction power

electronics, onboard metering and trackside
applications for the last 50 years. We leve-
rage this vast experience to develop and sup-
ply solutions for isolated current and voltage
measurements as well as for trackside appli-
cations and energy metering.

Railway and traction 3

Railway and traction 4
Insulated and precise current measurement is
key to support the efficiency of power electro-
nics on board trains. On the other hand, we of-
fer dedicated solutions to measure any other
current positioned somewhere in the locomo-
tive: input current to trigger the main circuit
breaker, differential current to monitor earth
leakages, interference currents to control the
network harmonics, high precision DC currents
as input for energy meter, etc.

Considering the demanding requirements in

the railway segment, LEM is strictly following
international standards for the current sen-
sors such as EN 50155, EN 50463, as well as
offering an intermediate statement verification
for TSI LOC&PAS. Furthermore, we commit to
railway requirements RoHS, IRIS, ISO 9001.

Railway and traction 5

LEM current
sensing technologies
In railway applications, Open Loop and Closed Loop technolo-
gies are most common in inverter applications. Fluxgate sensors
are used for more specific measurements, such as differential
current measurement and energy metering. Whatever your
requirements are, LEM is supporting your application with best
in class technology.

Secondary winding

Closed Loop Isolated Output Current IS

• Wide frequency range +UC

• Good global accuracy IP VH

• Fast delay time

-UC
• Low temperature drift IS

• Excellent linearity RM

• No insertion losses 0V

Primary Current IP

Open Loop
+ UC
• Small package size
• Extended measuring range IP VH

VOUT
• Reduced weight - UC

• Low power consumption

0V
• No insertion losses
Primary Current IP Isolated Output Voltage VOUT

Railway and traction 6

 Isolated Output Voltage Vout
I Compensation
Closed Loop Fluxgate
CAS-CASR-CKSR type
R kR

• Any kind of AC, DC, _

RSHUNT
Diff Amp VOUT
pulsed and complex signal +

• High accuracy R kR kRSHUNT Vref IN

H-Bridge
Interface
Fluxgate

Driver
Filter
• High accuracy in temperature
Fluxgate
•V
 ery low drift in temperature Compensation
Internal
Ref
Vref out
Winding IP
(gain and offset)
Magnetic Core
• Galvanic insulation Primary Conductor

• Fast delay time Primary Current IP

Fluxgate Saturation

Closed Loop Fluxgate IT type

Detection
oscillator

D’
Sweep
Compensation amplifier

•V
 ery high accuracy Winding D 2nd Harmonic
Detector

• Low residual noise S

• Excellent linearity < 1 ppm

• Low cross-over distortion IP
W + Integrator Power

• High temperature stability + + corrector Amplifier

AC Pickup
• Wide frequency range Winding IS
Isolated Output Current IS
Compensation
Current

RM
Primary Current IP

Closed Loop Fluxgate ITC type Test winding

Compensation
Fluxgate D
Isolated Output
• Excellent linearity winding Supplies
Current IS

• Better than Class 0.5R according to Supplies Monitoring

Over Voltage
Oscillator
Fluxgate

Protection

EN 50463 OV Protection

IP Micro-Controller
Offset Correction

• Outstanding long-term stability

Power Stage

Bridge
Synchronous

_
PI Regulator
Rectifier

LP Filter

DAC 0

Resistor
• Low residual noise Fluxgate D’
+

Fault_PS
•V
 ery low sensitivity to high external
Fluxgate
Current
IS
DC and AC fields
RM
Primary Current IP
• High temperature stability

Railway and traction 7

Our range for on-board
current sensors
Standard
current sensors​ Nominal Output Vcc error Tech Tambient
current ratio @25°C

LAC series 200 … 300A 1:2000 +/- 15V 1.0% Closed Loop -40 … +85°C
AC and DC to or
1:5000 +/- 24V

LTC series 200 … 1:1000 +/- 15V … 0.5% Closed Loop -40 … +85°C
1000A to +/- 24V
AC and DC 1:5000

LF series 100 … 1:1000 +/- 15V … 0.2% Closed Loop -40 … +85°C
2000A to +/- 24V or
Bipolar DC 1:5000 0.7%

LF series 1 … 2kA 1:4000 +/- 15V … 0.2% Closed Loop -40 … +85°
AC (50Hz) to +/- 24V or
1:6000 0.5%

LT 4000 series 3 … 5kA 1:4000 +/- 24V 0.5% Closed Loop -40 … +70°C
Unipolar DC to or
1:5000 +/- 60V

HAR series 500 … +/- 5V +/- 15V 1.0% Open Loop -40 … +70°C
1000A
AC and DC

NNC series 1kA … 2.5kA +/- 10V +/- 15V 1.0% Open Loop -40 … +80°C
AC and DC or
+/- 24V

DHR series 100 … 600A 0 ... 5V +20 … 50V 1.0% Open Loop -25 … +70°C
DC and AC 0 ... 10V RMS out
>200Hz 0 ... 20mA

HTA series 250A, +/- 10V +/- 15V 1.0% Open Loop -25 … +70°C
1000A
AC and DC

HTC series 0.1 … 4kA +/- 10V +/- 15V 1.0% Open Loop -40 … +85°C
AC and DC

Railway and traction 8

Special
current sensors​ Nominal Output Vcc error Tech Tambient
current ratio @25°C

ITC 2000 1.5 … 4kA 1:2500 +/- 24V 0.05% Fluxgate -40 … +85°C
AC and DC
series
On-board Metering

ITC 4000 500 … 1:2500 +/- 24V 0.05% Fluxgate -40 … +85°C
series 2000A
AC and DC
On-board Metering

IN 1000 series 100 …1000A 1:5000 +/- 15V 0.05% Fluxgate -40 … +85°C
Bipolar DC
Coming soon

RA family 0.5kA … 2kA M*di/dt none 3.0% Rogowski -40 … +85°C

Interference AC (50Hz) @100mA
detection

CD family 0.1A … 2kA 20mA +/- 48V 3.0% Fluxgate -40 … +70°C
Differential current Bipolar DC or @100mA
+/- 24V

Specific SP-type LF 2005-S/SP9 100 … 1:2000 +/- 15V Specific Closed Loop -40 … +85°C
Differential current LF 310-S/SP20 1000A to or frequency
DC + superim- 1:5000 +/- 24V behaviour
posed AC

Railway and traction 9

Railway and traction 10
Many railway applications require precise vol-
tage measurement and demanding insulation
characteristics. Following the EN 50163, our
portfolio covers the need not only for 1.5 and
3kV DC-networks for countries like France,
Italy, Netherlands, etc., but also for metro and
light rail tracks on 600/750V level.

All LEM voltage sensors have been qualified to

EN 50155, the DV-series has been tested to EN
50463, furthermore offering an intermediate
statement verification (ISV) for TSI LOC&PAS.
As for our current sensors, we adhere to railway
requirements such as IRIS, RoHs, ISO 9001.

Railway and traction 11

LEM voltage
sensing technologies
LEM offers a wide range of voltage sensor technologies pro-
viding galvanic insulation between primary and secondary
circuits. In particular the Digital Voltage sensors offer a unique
performance over the full temperature range. Whatever your
requirements are, LEM is supporting your application with best
in class technology.

R1
Closed Loop Voltage Transducers Isolated Output Current IS
+UC

• Measurement of high voltages VP VH

• Safety isolation
-UC IS
• Good overall accuracy
RM
• Low temperature drift R1
IP
• Excellent linearity 0V

Primary Voltage VP

Closed Loop Fluxgate C Type

IS +UC

• High accuracy -UC +UC Vout

Imag
• Very wide frequency range -UC
0V

• Reduced temperature drift IP +UC

• Excellent linearity
• Safety isolation
IS+ Imag -UC
• Reduced loading on the primary Isolated Output Voltage Vout

Primary Current IP

DV & DVL Type Voltage Transducers​

Supply
• Insulating digital technology Rectifier Power +VC
Filter Supply

• Measurement of all types of signals: -VC

DC, AC, pulsed and complex +Up -Up 0V +5V

• Compact size, reduced volume +HT Bitstream

Primary Modulator
Digital Micro controller U/I
Output
• High galvanic insulation Filter D/A Converter Generator
Voltage
VP -HT
• Low consumption and losses
• Very high accuracy, Class 0.5R -Up

according to EN 50463 (DV models)

• Low temperature drift

Railway and traction 12

Our range for on-board
voltage sensors​

Digital sensors​ Nominal Output Vcc error dcl/dcp Test voltage

voltage @25°C [mm] 50Hz/60sec

DVC PCBA Up to 1000V 2.5V +/- 2V + 5V 1.0% 9.0/9.0 4.26kV

Bipolar AC
series + DC

DVC series Up to 1000V 10V +/- 15V 1.0% 9.0/9.0 4.26kV

Bipolar AC 20mA or
+ DC 4 - 20mA +/- 24V

DVL series 150 ... 10V +/- 15V 0.5% 41.6/57.1 8.5kV
2000V 50mA or
AC + DC 4 - 20mA +/- 24V

DVM series 1 ... 4.2 kV 10V +/- 15V 0.5% 74/101 12kV
Bipolar AC 50mA or
+ DC 4 - 20mA1) +/- 24V

DV series 2 ... 6.4kV2) 10V +/- 15V 0.5%3) 138/287 18.5kV

Bipolar AC 50mA or 127/236
+ DC 20mA +/- 24V 78/88

Classic sensors

LV 25-P series Up to 1000V 20mA +/- 15V 0.8% 19.5/19.5 4.2kV

w/o HV-resistor Bipolar AC
+ DC

LV 25 series Up to 1000V 25mA +/- 15V 1.0% 13.8/13.8 4.1kV

Bipolar AC 50mA or
+ DC +/- 24V

CV 3 series 200 ... 10V +/- 15V 0.2% 41.6/57.1 6.0kV

High bandwith 2000V
Bipolar AC
& DC

CV 4 series 1 ... 4.2kV 10V +/- 15V 0.5% 74/101 9.0kV

Spare parts only Bipolar AC 70mA or
+ DC +/- 24V

LV 100 series 250 ... 50mA +/- 15V 0.9% 27.9/55.1 6.0kV
Test winding 2500V or
Bipolar AC +/- 24V
+ DC

1) Unipolar measurement – 2) Limited measuring range at 6.4kV nominal – 3) Variants conform to EN 50463:2017 (Metering)

Railway and traction 13

Railway and traction 14
From the beginning in the 1970’s, LEM has been
offering solutions for the entire railway system.
In various applications which are on the ground,
the so-called trackside market, our huge port-
folio of industrial sensors can address customer
requirements. No matter what the application,
e.g. control & monitoring of lamps, crossing
gates, points machines or DC-substations, LEM
always offers dedicated solutions.

Railway and traction 15

LEM trackside sensing
technologies
Railway signals, points machines and other trackside equipment
are mainly measured with Open Loop or Closed Loop transducers.
To support retrofit applications, LEM is offering a new double
U-shape technology. Whatever your requirements are, LEM is
supporting your application with best in class technology.

Secondary winding

Closed Loop Isolated Output Current IS

• Wide frequency range +UC

• Good global accuracy IP VH

• Fast delay time

-UC
• Low temperature drift IS

• Excellent linearity RM

• No insertion losses 0V

Primary Current IP

Open Loop
+ UC
• Small package size
• Extended measuring range IP VH

VOUT
• Reduced weight - UC

• Low power consumption

0V
• No insertion losses
Primary Current IP Isolated Output Voltage VOUT

Open Loop U-shape type

• Low offset
• High immunity against ext. fields
• Low temperature drift
• High accuracy
• Lightweight

Railway and traction 16

Our range for
trackside sensors

Standard and
Split-core sensors Nominal Output Vcc error Tech Tambient
current @25°C

HTRS series 10 … 50A 4-20mA 12V … 24V 2.0% Open Loop -40 … +85°C
Bipolar AC Instantaneous
+ DC
New

PCM series 5 … 30A 4-20mA 24V 2.0% Closed Loop -25 … +85°C
Bipolar AC True RMS
+ DC

LESR series 6 … 25 A +/- 625 mV +/- 5V 0.2% Closed Loop -40 … +105°C
Bipolar AC Instantaneous
+ DC

HAZ series 4 … 20kA 4-20mA +/- 15V 1.0% Open Loop -25 … +85°C
Bipolar AC 0 … 20mA
+ DC 10V
Instantaneous
or True RMS

Railway and traction 17

Railway and traction 18
LEM’s solutions for on-board energy metering
offer a highly accurate measurement to avoid
any doubt on the correctness of the energy bill
(from energy supplier to the operator of rolling
stock). Furthermore, the load profile data can
be used to measure the energy efficiency of
the rail vehicle as well as to train the driver for
more sustainable behaviour.

All of the LEM equipment has been qualified

to EN 50463:2017; they can be used in all Eu-
ropean countries where legal relevant energy
measurement is required. However, they can
also be used in Asia and the Americas.

Railway and traction 19

Key functionality
EM4TII / TEMA4G series
Supporting international cross border freight and passen-
ger transport, an exact knowledge of consumed and regene-
rated energy of a railway vehicle is mandatory. Since more than
10 years, EM4TII+ is the key element of several Energy Metering
Systems (EMS) in Europe. It consists of the mandatory functions
ECF (Energy Calculation Function) and DHS (Data Handling Sys-
tem). Furthermore, it can be ordered as subsystem or integrated
in LEM’s EMS solution called TEMA4G which is offering in addi-
tion the PEMG2 communication device transferring the energy
data to ground. EM4TII+ and TEMA4G are compatible with the
most relevant current and voltage measurement devices (AC and
DC), in particular with LEM’s DC current and voltage transducers
(DV and ITC series).

Features of EM4TII+:

• 4 channel energy meter for AC, DC and

multisystem applications
• Load profile (CEBD data) in accordance to EN 50463:2017
• Load profile length: 5min (1 or 15 min optional)
• Memory size: 300 days (if load profile length is set to 5 min)
• GPS I/O (RS 232, NMEA 0183 format)

Features of TEMA4G (in addition to EM4TII+):

• GPS interface (SMA connector for antenna)

• Integrated web browser
• Ethernet service interface
• 2G/4G modem with customized SIM-card

Railway and traction 20

European rail
networks

Not electrified

Electrified (DC) tracks

1.5 kV DC

3 kV DC

15 kV 16.7 Hz

25 kV 50 Hz

3 kV DC / 25 kV 50Hz

Our range for

on-board metering
Energy Metering
Solutions Nominal Output GPS VCC Class
voltage interface accuracy

EM4TII 25kV/50Hz RS 232 RS232 +24 … 48V 0.5R

Meter VDEW protocol 16kV/16,7Hz RS 485 (NMEA 0183 +72 … 110V
EN 50463:2021 750V format)
1.5/3kV

EM4TII+ 25kV/50Hz RS 232 RS232 +24 … 48V 0.5R

Meter TSI/LOC PAS 15kV/16,7Hz RS 485 (NMEA 0183 +72 … 110V
EN 50463:2021 750V format)
1.5/3kV

TEMA4G 25kV/50Hz 2G/4G GPS anten- +24 … 48V 0.5R

EMS incl. 4G-modem 16kV/16,7Hz Ethernet na, SMA +72 … 110V
& SIM card 750V connector
EN 50463:2017 1.5/3kV

PEMG2 N/A 2G/4G GPS anten- Powered N/A

4G-modem & SIM Ethernet na, SMA by EMaTII+
EN 50463:2017 connector oder 12Vdc

Railway and traction 21

LEM quality
and standards
The different LEM design and production centers LEM’s Standards ​
around the world are either ISO TS 16949, ISO
LEM sensors are designed and tested according
9001 and/or ISO 14001 certified. Our main produc-
to recognized worldwide standards. The EN 50155
tion centers for traction transducers are IRIS cer-
standard dedicated to “Electronic Equipment
tified, a must for companies supplying the railway
used on Rolling stock” in railway applications is
market.​
our standard of reference for electrical, environ-
​ mental and mechanical parameters. It guarantees
Several quality tools have been implemented the overall performances of our products in railway
at LEM to assess and analyze its performances. environments. ​
LEM utilizes this information to take the necessary ​
corrective actions to remain a responsive player
All of the LEM traction products are designed ac-
in the market, among which the most represen-
cording to the EN 50155 standard. CE marking is
tatives are:​
a guarantee that the product complies with the
• DPT FMEA (Design, Process & European EMC directive 2004/108/EEC and low
Tool Failure Mode Effect Analysis) ​ voltage directive and therefore warrants the elec-
• Control Plan​ tro-magnetic compatibility of the transducers.
• Cpk – R&R (Capability for Processes & Sensors comply to the EN 50121-3-2 standard
Measurement Systems)​ (Railway EMC standard).​
• QOS – 8D (Quality Operating System – UL is used as a reference to define the flammability
Eight Disciplines)​ of the materials (UL94V0) as well as the NFF 16101
and 16102 standards for the fire/ smoke materials
• IPQ (Interactive Purchase Questionnaire)​
classification. LEM is currently UL recognized for
​ main models. ​
In addition to these quality programs, and since
2002, LEM embraces Six Sigma as its methodo-
logy in pursuit of business excellence. ​The main
goal is to create an environment in which anything
less than Six Sigma quality is unacceptable.​
​

Railway and traction 22

Leading the world in electrical measurement
• The broadest product portfolio in the • 50 years as a pure player in current
industry sensing

• Full suite of current sensing • 1,500 people in 15 countries serving

solutions from IC up to complex, fully industry and automotive customers
instrumented modules around the world

Railway and traction 23

LEM INTERNATIONAL SA
Route du Nant-d’Avril 152
1217 Meyrin
Geneva, Switzerland
www.lem.com