Microwave Transmission

Microwave Transmission
Basics of Microwave Communication

Nokia Wavence
 Overview
 Architecture & Hardware Description
 Installation & Commissioning
 Basics of Microwave Communication
Microwave is a kind of electromagnetic wave. In a broad sense, the

microwave frequency range is from 300 MHz to 300 GHz. But In
microwave communication, the frequency range is generally from 3
GHz to 80 GHz.
It is a Point- to-Point transmission system.
 Bandwidth(capacity) :- up to 10Gbps
*Direct GE interface
*legacy TDM interface
Duplex and symmetrical capacity
e.g 183mb/s radio = 183mb/s one way and 183mb/s the other
Chanel Spacing :- up to 1.5Ghz
Modulation Techniques :- 4QAm – 4096QAM
½ Bpsk , ¼ Bpsk
 Polarization :- Horizontal - electrical component of the EM wave is parallel to earth horizon
Vertical - electric component of the EM wave is perpendicular to earth horizon
 Vertically polarized wave travels longer distance as compare to
horizontally polarized wave.
 Propagation Consideration
* Free space Loss
* Fresnel Zone Clearance
* Fading Caused by Potential Rain,Atmospheric Anomalies,
* Ground/Water Reflection
Fading :- Fading is defined as any time varying of phase, polarization, and/ or level
of a received signal. The most basic propagation mechanism involved in Fading are
reflection, refraction, diffraction, scattering, attenuation and guiding(ducting).
Mechanisms to resolve Fading
* Space Diversity
* Adaptive Modulation
* Adaptive Tx-power
Antenna Adjustment
• During antenna adjustment, change the direction vertically or
horizontally. Meanwhile, use a multimeter to test the RSSI at the
receiving end. Usually, the voltage wave will be displayed as shown
in the lower right corner. The peak point of the voltage wave indicates
the main lobe position in the vertical or horizontal direction. Large-
scope adjustment is unnecessary. Perform fine adjustment on the
antenna to the peak voltage point.
AGC
Voltage detection
point
VAGC
Angle
Side lobe position
Main lobe position
Nokia Wavence
Overview
Wavence is a Microwave Packet Radio.
 Microwave - system operates in the RF bands.
Packet Radio means that all the transmitted traffic is Ethernet traffic.
The traffic, which can be transmitted, is:
• PDH traffic
• SDH/SONET traffic
• Ethernet traffic
In case of PDH or SDH/Sonet traffic, the traffic is packetized into Ethernet
frames and sent to the L2 Ethernet Switch to be distributed to the different
Mw Transceivers, according to the Ethernet Switch configuration.
Wavence radio supports low-, medium-, and high-capacity
applications using European or North American frequencies and
channel plans.
Nokia Wavence allows mobile service providers to experience today

the performance of 5G-ready microwave transport and smoothly
prepare their transition.
• 10Gb/s radio capacity and low latency
 Architecture & Hardware Discription
Two Types of Wavence Node architecture
• Split mount * Stand-Alone

 Stand-Alone Wavence
• The Indoor Section - a generic router(XTR)
• The Outdoor Section consists of UBT ,AIM & Antenna
• UBT is connected to the router through Fiber
UBT (Ultra Broadband Transceiver)
Nokia Wavence introduces the new state-of-the-art Outdoor
Transceivers, named UBTs (Ultra Broadband Transceiver)
• UBT-S (Single), single transceiver
• UBT-C (Compact), compact single transceiver
• UBT-T (Twin), “dual carrier in a box” configuration that
supports 2 frequencies in the same box,
• UBT-m (millimeter wave), compact E-band radio.
 Nokia Wavence UBT natively delivers multi-gigabit capacities and can

support 1, 2.5 or 10G interfaces.
With its dual-carrier design, UBT-T delivers up to 2.5 Gbps in one box
with two carriers.
• The UBT-T, depending on the installation of the A I M on the active
part, can work on the High sub-band or on the Lower sub-band. For
this reason the two UBT-Ts working in the radio link installed in the
local and in the remote station have the same part number..
• Deployed as a single box or in cross polarization configuration (two
boxes), UBT-m 80GHz delivers 7.5 and 10 Gbps respectively.
UBT-S and UBT-T are made up of two parts:
• the Active part, including the digital interface, modem and radio section
• the Antenna Interface Module (A I M ) is a passive part including TX and RX RF filters and
diplexer.
The A I M is a passive module. In case of a failure of the UBT, only the Active
part must be replaced.
• To simplify commissioning, no more need to manually select the shifters in a long list
• The AIM capabilities are automatically recognized RFID tag on the AIM contains the
capability of the AIM At UBT switch-on, the reader (in the active part) illuminates the tag
and retrieves the information
Three types of A I M are available:
• A I M -T-C with the coupler embedded (the coupler can be balanced or unbalanced)-
Rectangular shape
• A I M -T-D with the Diplexer embedded – Rectangular shape
• A I M -T-O with an Orthogonal Mode Transducer embedded for XPIC configuration –
circular shape.
• SDH,PDH,E1
• Routers
• IP
• VLAN
• Protocol
• ISIS/OSPF/BGP(one nw to other nw)
• EIGRP

Microwave Transmission

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Microwave Transmission

Basics of Microwave Communication

Microwave is a kind of electromagnetic wave. In a broad sense, the

Nokia Wavence allows mobile service providers to experience today

• Split mount * Stand-Alone

 Nokia Wavence UBT natively delivers multi-gigabit capacities and can

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