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    1.2 Verb

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    This document defines verbs and their types and forms. It states that verbs express actions, events, or states of being and are a necessary part of sentences. There are several types of verbs including transitive verbs which take objects, intransitive verbs which do not take objects, finite verbs which show tense, and infinite verbs which do not show tense. Primary auxiliary verbs are forms of be, do, and have while secondary auxiliary verbs or modal verbs are used with main verbs to modify their meaning and include can, may, might, should, would, and must. Main verbs have several forms including the base form, -s form, past form, past participle form, present participle/ing form, and infinitive/

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    1.2 Verb

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    This document defines verbs and their types and forms. It states that verbs express actions, events, or states of being and are a necessary part of sentences. There are several types of verbs including transitive verbs which take objects, intransitive verbs which do not take objects, finite verbs which show tense, and infinite verbs which do not show tense. Primary auxiliary verbs are forms of be, do, and have while secondary auxiliary verbs or modal verbs are used with main verbs to modify their meaning and include can, may, might, should, would, and must. Main verbs have several forms including the base form, -s form, past form, past participle form, present participle/ing form, and infinitive/

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    This document defines verbs and their types and forms. It states that verbs express actions, events, or states of being and are a necessary part of sentences. There are several types of verbs including transitive verbs which take objects, intransitive verbs which do not take objects, finite verbs which show tense, and infinite verbs which do not show tense. Primary auxiliary verbs are forms of be, do, and have while secondary auxiliary verbs or modal verbs are used with main verbs to modify their meaning and include can, may, might, should, would, and must. Main verbs have several forms including the base form, -s form, past form, past participle form, present participle/ing form, and infinitive/

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views3 pages

    1.2 Verb

    Uploaded by

    bing30923
    This document defines verbs and their types and forms. It states that verbs express actions, events, or states of being and are a necessary part of sentences. There are several types of verbs including transitive verbs which take objects, intransitive verbs which do not take objects, finite verbs which show tense, and infinite verbs which do not show tense. Primary auxiliary verbs are forms of be, do, and have while secondary auxiliary verbs or modal verbs are used with main verbs to modify their meaning and include can, may, might, should, would, and must. Main verbs have several forms including the base form, -s form, past form, past participle form, present participle/ing form, and infinitive/

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    of 3

    Unit-1 Basic English Grammar

    1.2 Verb
    Contents
    1. Meaning/ Definition:
    2. Types
    3. Primary Auxiliary
    4. Secondary Auxiliary
    5. Forms of Main Verbs
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    1. Meaning and Definition:
    The Oxford Learners’ Dictionary defines a ‘verb’ as “a word or group of words that
    express an action (such as eat), an event (such as happen) or a state (such as exist)”.
    Verbs are a necessary component of all sentences. Verbs have two important functions:
    Some verbs put subjects into motion while other verbs help to clarify the subjects in
    meaningful ways.
    What is a verb?
    Definition: Verb is a word that shows an action, but it also shows state/ possession,
    presence or absence of a person or thing.
     I teach English at this Academy. (Action)
     They seem happy today. (State)
     The players are on the ground. (Presence)
     The students are not in the classroom. (Absence)
    The function of a verb
    In fact, a verb signals an action, an occurrence or a state of being. Whether mental,
    physical, or mechanical, verbs always express activity.
    The following examples describe physical action.
     Let’s run to the corner and back.
     I write a letter to my friend.
    The following verbs in the sentences are mental verbs related to concepts such as
    discovering, understanding, thinking, or planning. In general, a mental verb refers to a
    cognitive state.
     I know the answer.
     She recognized me from across the room.
    The state of being verbs in the following sentences are in bold for easy identification.
     I am a student.
     We are circus performers.
    2. Types of Verbs:
    a. Transitive Verbs
    A verb that takes an object is called Transitive Verb. Eg. I learn English. The
    verb ‘learn’ is transitive verb because it took an object before it.
    b. Intransitive Verbs
    i. A verb that doesn’t take an object is called Intransitive Verb. Eg. I ran. The
    verb ‘ran’ is intransitive verb because it did not take an object before it.

    c. Finite Verbs
    A finite verb is a type of verb that shows agreement with a subject and can be
    in the present tense or past tense. Finite verbs show the tense of the sentence.
    Eg. Tommy is angry. (The “is” in this example is known as the finite verb)
    d. Infinite Verbs
    Non-finite verb forms do not show tense, person or number. Typically, they
    are infinitive forms with and without to (e.g. to go, go), -ing forms and -ed
    forms (e.g. going, gone)
    3. Primary Auxiliary Verb
    a. To Be
    i. Present Forms: am, is, are
    ii. Past Form: was, were
    iii. Future Form: shall be, will be
    b. To Do
    i. Present Forms: Do, Does
    ii. Past Form: Did
    iii. Future Form: Shall do, Will do
    c. To Have
    i. Present Forms: have, Has
    ii. Past Form: had
    iii. Future Form: shall have, will have
    4. Secondary Auxiliary Verbs/ Model Auxiliary Verbs
    Modal verbs are used to express certain hypothetical conditions, such as advisability,
    capability, or requests (there’s a full list in the next section). They’re used alongside a
    main verb to inflect its meaning.
    Consider the difference between these two examples:
    I swim every Tuesday.
    I can swim every Tuesday.
    The first example is a simple factual statement. The speaker participates in a swimming
    activity every week on Tuesdays.
    The second example uses the modal verb can. Notice how the meaning changes slightly.
    The speaker does not necessarily swim every Tuesday; they’re saying that they are
    capable of swimming every Tuesday or that the possibility exists for them to swim every
    Tuesday. It’s hypothetical
    Because modal verbs are auxiliary, they can’t generally be used on their own. A modal
    verb can appear alone only in a sentence only if the main verb is implied because it has
    previously been established.
    Can you swim every Tuesday?
    Yes, I can.
    Modal verbs are quite common in English; you’ve seen them in action hundreds of times
    even if you didn’t know what they were called. The most frequently used ones are:
    Can, may, might, could, should, would, will, must, ought to, used to, dare to, need to
    Main Verb and their forms
    a. Base Form: eg. Take
    b. -s/es Form : eg. Takes
    c. Past Form : eg. Took
    d. Past Participle Form: eg. took
    e. Present Participle/ -ing Form : eg. Taking
    f. Infinitive Form/ To+ Verb : eg. To take

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