SUBJECT 1 Origins and Chemistry of Fire 195

MODULE
Standardized Procedures
Fire 7
for Drills
and
Demonstration
Activities
198 MODULE 6 Fire Safety Lectures and Seminars for the General Public

MODULE 7 OUTLINE

Standardized Procedures For

Fire Drills And Demonstration
Activities
Scope/ Overview
Fire drills and demonstration activities are vital components of fire safety education, ensuring individuals and communities are well-prepared
to respond effectively to fire emergencies. This module, “Standardized Procedures for Fire Drills and Demonstration Activities “ offers
comprehensive guidance and practical skills to foster a culture of safety and readiness in the face of fire incidents.
This module aims to equip participants with practical skills and knowledge in fire drill procedures, enabling them to respond confidently and
efficiently to fire emergencies. The standardized procedures outlined herein serve as the cornerstone for building resilient and fire-safe
communities. Through h a n d s - on training and scenario-based exercises, participants become valuable assets in ensuring the safety and well-
being of themselves and their communities in the event of fire incidents.

Module Objectives
1. To develop clear and standardized procedures for conducting fire drills that ensure the safety and preparedness of all participants,
including staff, students, or employees.
2. To establish consistent guidelines for realistic fire demonstrations, ensuring they are conducted safely, efficiently, and in compliance with safety
regulations.
3. To enhance the effectiveness of fire drills and demonstrations by standardizing communication, response protocols, and evaluation methods,
leading to improved emergency readiness and understanding a mong participants.
4. To mi ni mi z e the risk of confusion and errors during fire drills and demonstrations through the implementation of standardized procedures,
ultimately contributing to a safer environment and a better understanding of fire safety practices.
5. To provide a structured framework for fire drill and demonstration activities, fostering a culture of safety, preparedness, and adherence to
best practices in fire safety education.
 Module Outline 199

Delivery Methodology
Controlled Simulation and Demonstration

Module Objectives
At the end of the session, the participants will be able to:
1. Be better prepared in reacting to fire incidents in the communities and schools;
2. Alleviate the fears in handling incipient fires related to electrical and kitchen activities;
3. Adapt a culture of shared responsibility in preventing and reacting to fire incidents in the communities; and
4. Develop that shared c o m m i t m e nt to actively participate in ensuring a fire safe community.

Learning Materials Needed

🗸 See individual S I M E X and Demonstration Procedures
200 MODULE 6 Fire Safety Lectures and Seminars for the General Public
 Simex 1
Standardized Procedures for Simulations, Drills and Demonstrations

Community Fire
Incident Simulation
(CFIS)

ILLUSTRATION BY: FO1 Ken Dominic M Mordeno

 In this Simex 1 .
GoaCTo educate the residents of various communities on the risks and hazards brought by fire and allow t h e m to appropriately react through
incident simulation.

N€ýgc3íygg
At the end of the demonstration, the participants would be able to:
1. Know how to react to fire incidents in their communities in an orderly and safe manner reducing panic and allowing
responders to effectively perform their duties; and
2. Understand the rigors of a fire incident and the need for cooperation between the residents, the CFAG and the BFP Responders.

Material Requirement:
Total Time of Delivery:
A. For the Scenario Planning
$oo¥6ína3íon Ac3íyí3n: 1. CFPP Form 3: Scenario Visualization Form
2 to 3 Hours Scheduled on a Separate Date 2. Sitio/Purok Location or Vicinity Map
Prior to the Simulation
B. For the Simulation
1. Megaphone or wireless microphone
Ac3caCSímcCa3íon Ac3íyí3n: 2. Fire Pit Kit or
M a x i m u m of Three (3) Hours to include Simulation
3. Bon Fire (Depending on the draw n- out scenario)
Proper and
4. Firefighting Assets
the Gaps Analysis

Sc€ýgc3 Nyg¥yígr
Purpose: To prepare the communities on how to efficiently react in case of fire incidents within their sitio/purok or immediate
vicinity mitigating risks and panic.

General Guidance: More than being a component activity under the OLP, Fire Incident Simulation shall be a regular and
mandatory activity for all fire stations nationwide to be conducted to identified h i gh risk sitio/purok in a barangay every
S ga 3 S S g g 3
third quarter of every year. The simulations should be scenario-based guided by the C o m m u ni t y Fire Protection Plan (CFPP) Form 3 or
the Scenario Visualization Form (see A nnex A). In the event that the barangay has yet to be targeted under OLP, the station should
first facilitate the formulation of the CFPP because, incident simulation is an integral component of the plan. The simulation
should involve the residents within the immediate vicinity of the targeted location and the C o m m u ni t y Fire Auxiliary Group (CFAG) as
first responders.

More than the comm unity, the BFP’s capability will also be tested in the incident simulation; hence, the use of the CFPP Form 5 is also
mandated. The CFPP Form 5 or the Fire Response Data (see A nnex B) will serve as the fire stations’ initial contingency plan in
responding to the sitio/purok, after the simulation it has to be updated in the gaps analysis.

Things to Consider: The incident simulation activity is conducted as a component activity to the C o m m u ni t y Fire
Protection Plan or the CFPP, therefore, the station must endeavor to formulate first the CFPP in the barangay that has not been targeted
by OPLAN LIGTAS NA PAMAYANAN (OLP). As indicated in Volume 0 of this SPFE M anuals, the CFPP is the primary carrier of the BFP’s
Community Relations Agenda and thus requires precedence to conducting any incident simulation activity.

A fire incident simulation requires great attention to detail on the part of the facilitators and must ensure proper coordination
with local officials and the residents in the area of simulation. Safety for all participants has to be secured and all contingencies
has to be prepared prior to any simulation.
204 MODULE 7 Fire Safety Lectures and Seminars for the General Public
 SIMEX 1 Community Fire Incident Simulation (CFIS) 205

SímcCa3íon Ęyg¥cígg §¥ocg6c¥g:

BEFORE SIMULATION

A. Coordination Activities

Prior to an incident simulation activity, the facilitators must perform two mandatory
activities which are 1) Coordination and Table Top Planning; and 2) Ground Survey of the
vicinity of the simulation.

1. Coordination and Table Top Planning

Conducted at least one day before the simulation, the purpose of
this activity is to discuss with involved barangay officials,
CFAG members and purok leaders the simulation that will be Facilitator’s Note: [1/6]
executed. The Facilitator must discuss in detail the identified
scenario, the roles and responsibilities of the CFAG and Will be explained based on the
Purok common dialect or native language of
the community. Ensure to elaborate
Leaders and other important matters. The goal is to make known to every actor in the
with examples based on what is
simulation what is going to happen in order to mitigate possible risks and eliminate any
present in their environment.
untoward incident.
The facilitator may also use actual
examples if it is an original photo.

The participation of the fire engine responding either from the station or from a closer pre-
designated location will also be tested in the simulation. However, it should also be stressed
out that the simulation is intended to test the capability of the residents and the CFAG, the role of
the BFP is but an observer and as immediate support in case of any untoward incident.

2. Ground Survey

After the table top planning, the facilitators along with the individuals involved in the
planning should conduct a ground survey of the location and perform the following.

1. M a p - o u t the location of the controlled/ m o c k - up fire;

2. Identify location for emergency triage (to include the comm and post) and evacuation
area;
206 MODULE 7 Fire Safety Lectures and Seminars for the General Public

3. M a rk (if possible paint the road or street) locations for the evacuation, approach and staging location of
responding fire trucks and other rescue vehicles; and
4. Brief the residents within the immediate vicinity of the simulation area. This briefing however should fall
o n the responsibility of the barangay officials specially the purok leaders.

Prior to the incident simulation, other coordination activity that the facilitators must perform
includes the following:
1. Activate other BFP units such as E M S and SRF if the scenario calls for their
participation;
Facilitator’s Note:[2/6] 2. Coordinate with other law enforcers such as the PNP and or the LG U Traffic
Will be explained based on the M anagement Office if the scenario calls for their assistance;
common dialect or native language of 3. Notify other fire station to be on standby in case of any untoward incident that might
the community. Ensure to elaborate require their i m - mediate assistance; and
with examples based on what is 4. Other activities the station may find necessary to prepare.
present in their environment. The
facilitator may also use actual examples
if it is an original photo.

B. Logistical Requirements Preparation

In addition to all the coordination activity, the following logistical requirements should also be
prepared either by the fire station or in partnership with the barangay.

1. Mock-up Fire Scene

M o c k - u p fires are the most ideal scenario for a fire incident simulation. A m a k e - shift
house not bigger than a shed (kubo) (approximately 1.5 by 1.5 meters only) made out of
lightweight easy to burn materials such as wood, indigenous roofing materials (Nipa or
Anahaw) and loaded with easy to burn materials. Such as wood, indigenous roofing materials
(Nipa or Anahaw) and loaded with easy to burn contents such as cardboard boxes mimicking
furniture and appliances, curtains and other materials. This should be located in an open space
within the targeted vicinity. NOTE: Prior to igniting the m a k e - shift house, the stations should
wet (cover exposure) the walls of the houses that are facing the m o c k - u p fire scene to avoid any
incident of heat transfer. NOTE Further: Burning of old car tires, plastic, fo a m and or used
clothing is strictly PROHIBITED.
 SIMEX 1 Community Fire Incident Simulation (CFIS) 207

2. Fire Pit Kit

An alternative to the m a k e - shift house, the facilitators may opt to using a Fire Pit instead. The fire pit shall have four
stable stands to prevent unnecessary spills of its contents into the ground, and it shall not have any leaks in every part
of the fire pit. The materials used shall be fire-resistant and cannot be melted easily. The fire pit shall be h a lf- c u t from
the 4 5 – 5 5 - g a l lo n size of the metal drum; the fire pit stand must be two feet (2 feet) in height , with a handle on both
ends of the drum to be utilized for water spills; the mixture of gasoline and diesel must be 1:1 in ratio, amounting to at
least 200 m l , or 1 glass which is mixed from the h a lf- full water of the fire pit. Part of the fire pit kit is the Fire Torch,
made of wood and can be wrapped by cloth on its tip; and must not be less than 1 meter in length and not too long to
compromise the igniting of fire pit.

3. Extinguishing Agents or Equipment

Depending on the scenario, extinguishing agents that can be used during the incident
simulation may be a fire extinguisher or the fire engine. It should be stressed during the
coordination and table top planning that fire extinguishers can only be used if the scenario
depicts the inception of the fire, but for fully developed fires, normal firefighting equipment
should be used.

4. Documentation

Documentation is integral to incident simulation activities because it captures important details

in the activity that would later be used in the gaps analysis. A documentation personnel should
be designated recording the activity either through video or photos.
208 MODULE 7 Fire Safety Lectures and Seminars for the General Public

DURING SIMULATION
Facilitator’s Note:[3/6]
Will be explained based on the Standardized Community Fire Incident Simulation Procedures
common dialect or native language of
the community. Ensure to elaborate C o m m u ni t y fire incident simulations are exercises created to replicate and simulate
with examples based on what is emergencies related to fires, in a c o m m uni t y or urban setting. The objective of these
present in their environment. The facilitator simulations is to establish a controlled environment where different parties, such, as
may also use actual examples if it is an emergency responders, c o m m uni t y leaders, and residents can practice and evaluate their
original photo. preparedness, response, and collaboration in the event of a fire incident. Therefore, standardizing
the procedures of this activity is hereby set.

Stage 1: Countdown

A countdown period of at least one hour prior to the start of the simulation should be set, this
is to make sure that all contingencies are in place and all actors to the drill are accounted for and
are in position. The simulation will start with the GO Signal from the Fire Marshal or Lead
Facilita- tor.

Stage 2: Simulation Proper

The simulation proper should run guided by four steps or stages with the acronym R.A.C.E. or
Rescue, Activate, C o n - fine and Extinguish.

1. Rescue - Fifteen Minutes before the set start of the simulation, the
facilitator will designate any random individual within the identified actors
(not identified during the table top planning) to be Fire Informant or
someone who was able to notice the fire. The fire informant’s job is to alert
everyone within the immediate vicinity that there is a fire through shouting
or knocking on doors.

2. Activate - Once the alarm is raised by the fire informant, he will then alert the
Purok Leader and the CFAG of the fire. This will also include calling the nearest fire
station. Note: The reason for selecting a random individual as fire
informant is to test their readiness to include whether or not the
individual have on his cellphone, the contact number of the nearest fire
station at the very least.
 SIMEX 1 Community Fire Incident Simulation (CFIS) 209

3. Confine - Once notified, the Purok Leader and the CFAG will spring into action and
perform their designated functions such as evacuation, first aide, rescue, traffic control and
immediate firefighting ensuring that the fire does not spread.

4. Extinguish - Depending on the scenario, proceeding to extinguishment will either

involve only the CFAG using their own firefighting capability or with the assistance of
the Fire Station performing the final fire suppression. The simulation will end once the acting
or designated fire ground commander (either from BFP or CFAG) declares FIRE OUT.

Stage 3: Simultaneous Evaluation

Simultaneous to Stage 2, Simulation Proper, designated BFP Personnel are to act as evaluators
using the Fire Drill Evaluation Checklist (see Annex C). Along with taking pictures or videos,
the purpose of the simultaneous evaluation is to properly document the simulation and
assess the performance of the actors involved.

AFTER SIMULATION

Post Simulation Briefing, Gaps and Adjustments Facilitator’s Note:[4/6]

Right after the incident simulation, a Post Simulation Briefing should be conducted along The common sources of heat will be
with all the actors involved. This is in order to further assess the simulation and perform the explained based on
Gaps Analysis as guided by CFPP Form 6: Preparedness Gaps and Adjustment Assessment Form. the common dialect or native language of
the community. Ensure to elaborate with
examples based on what is present in
The gaps analysis will serve as the concluding activity to the fire incident simulation. their environment. The facilitator may also
use actual examples if it is an original
photo.
210 MODULE 7 Fire Safety Lectures and Seminars for the General Public

The Unique Case for Multi-Storey Residential Communities

Multi-storey residential buildings that are not for rent such as tenements and m i d - rise
condominiums are to be treated as a small community unto themselves. M eaning, in terms of fire
incident simulation activities they should be treated as a separate sitio/purok. Given this fact , the
need to prepare these type of communities should not be neglected and must still be subjected to
simulation activities. The standard processes and procedure identified in the conduct of incident
simulation activity for ordinary communities will apply to them albeit with the following
adjustments or considerations.

1. Scenario on Applicability Basis

Doing a scenario-based simulation for multi-storey residential buildings can be

challenging and even outright dangerous simply because of its height. It is therefore advised
that a scenario-based simulation be only conducted if the conditions would allow such kind of
activity. M o c k - up fire scenes inside the residences should be limited to being held only to the
Facilitator’s Note:[5/6] second floor and not any higher. Open fires or even warm smoke are also prohibited, instead, cold
smoke generated from fog machine is recommended.
Will be explained based on the
common dialect or native language of
the community. Ensure to elaborate
with examples based on what is 2. Additional Coordination with the Home-Owners Association
present in their environment. The facilitator
may also use actual examples if it is an Multi-storey residential communities may come in two types, privately owned development
original photo. or publicly funded or government built tenement or socialized housing. Regardless, in
addition to coordination with the Barangay officials, it is also important to thoroughly coordinate
with the H o m e Owners Association (HOA) officials in scheduling incident simulations. In the
absence of a HOA, the fire station along with the barangay officials may designate a Purok
Leader per building to perform the same function identified in the CFAG structure. During the
simulation, it will still be the CFAG of the barangay who are to perform along with the residents
of the building.
Facilitator’s Note:[6/6]
The lecturer may ask the participants to
give examples.Let the audience engaged
in giving examples. 3. Use of Existing Emergency Evacuation Plan (EEP)

In the challenges that a scenario-based simulation may present, the simulation may focus
on the use of the Emergency Evacuation Plan of the building provided that it has one. If the
building does not have any EEP prior to occupancy, the fire station should assist the
residents and the designated purok leader for the building in the development of an EEP in
accordance with the parameters set forth by the Fire Code for EEP.
 SIMEX 1 Community Fire Incident Simulation (CFIS) 211

4. Focus on Evacuation Drill

In the event that conducting a fire incident simulation cannot be performed for valid reasons, the facilitators can
focus instead on conducting an Emergency Evacuation Drill with a fire extinguisher drill at the end of the activity.
Procedures and evaluation checklist for this situation can be referred to the Exercise Guide under Module 8 of Volume 5
of the SPFE Manuals.

NNTĘS:
212 MODULE 7 Fire Safety Lectures and Seminars for the General Public

NNTĘS: