byjusexamprep.

com

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1. Which of the following cube in the answer figure cannot be made based on the unfolded

cube in the question figure?

A. B.

C. D.

Ans. D

Sol.

is opposite to

is opposite to

is opposite to

Thus cube given in option D cannot be formed.

Hence, option D is the correct answer.

2. Select the option figure that will come next in the following series.

A. B.

C. D.

Ans. D

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Sol. Pattern is:

Hence, Option D is the correct answer.

3. A series is given with one term missing. Choose the correct alternative from the given ones
that will complete the series.
AN, EQ, IT, MW, ?
A. QZ B. KX
C. IV D. ZM
Ans. A
Sol. There are 26 alphabets in English and if we give assign to each and every alphabet starting
from ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘C etc., it will appear to be:
A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, D = 4……. likewise, till Z = 26
And, in the given series the first alphabet of first pair and second pair is ‘4’ likewise, for
second
alphabet, the difference is ‘3’.
Therefore, the next term after ‘MW’ is
M + 4 = Q and W + 3 = Z i.e. ‘QZ’.
Hence, the correct option is A.
4. Select the combination of letters that when sequentially placed from left to right in the
gaps of the given letter series will complete the series.
_ k _ _ mmk _ ikiim _ _ ki _ i _ _ mkk
A. kiikmkkik B. iikimimmk
C. iiikmkkim D. miikmkiim
Ans. C
Sol. It follows the string of ‘ikiimmkk’
ik iim mk k / ik iim mk k / ik iim mk k

Hence, option C is the correct answer.

5. Direction: Which one set of letters when sequentially placed at the gaps in the given letter
series shall complete it?
206, 309, 412, ?, 618, 721
A. 751 B. 749
C. 515 D. 514
Ans. C

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Sol. Pattern: (a+1)(b+3)

(2+1)(06+3) = 309
(3+1)(09+3) = 412
So, missing number = (4+1)(12+3) = 515
And also we know (5+1)(15+3) = 618
(6+1)(18+3) = 721
6. Which of the conclusions can be drawn from the given statements?
Statements:
I: All the students in my class are intelligent.
II: Kaushik is not intelligent.
A. Kaushik is not a student of my class. B. All other than Kaushik are intelligent
C. Some students are not intelligent D. Non-intelligent are not students
Ans. A
Sol. All students (without exception) of a particular class are intelligent and Kaushik is not
intelligent.
So, Kaushik is not a student of that class.
Hence Option A is correct.
7. Which two numbers need to be interchanged to make the following equation correct?
3
8 + 5 − 9 = 10
4
A. 4 and 8 B. 3 and 9
C. 5 and 9 D. 3 and 4
Ans. C
Sol. After interchanging the symbols:
→ 8 x (3/4) + 9 – 5
→8x¾+9–5
→2x3+9–5
→6+9–5
→ 15 – 5 = 10
Hence, option C is correct answer.
8. Among 5 boys, Vasant is taller than Manohar, but not as tall as Raju. Jayant is taller than
Dutta but shorter than Manohar. Who is the tallest in the group?
A. Manohar B. Vasanth
C. Jayant D. Raju
Ans. D
Sol. Vasant is taller than Manohar, but not as tall as Raju, therefore Raju is taller than Vasant
and Manohar both.
Raju>Vasnt>Manohar
Jayant is taller than Dutta but shorter than Manohar. Therefore Manohar is taller than
Jayant and Dutta both.

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Manohar>Jayant>Dutta
Hence: Raju>Vasnt>Manohar>Jayant>Dutta
Now it is clear that Raju is tallest in the group.
Hence, option D is correct.
9. Study the given pattern carefully and select the number that can replace the question
mark (?) in it.

27 12 286
5 13 48
23 5 ?

A. 100 B. 84
C. 88 D. 54
Ans. C
Sol. The pattern is:
1st Row: (27-1) × (12-1) = 286
2nd Row:(5-1) × (13-1) = 48
Similarly,
3rd Row:(23-1) × (5-1) = 88
So, 88 is the missing number.
Hence, option C is the correct answer
10. Study the given information & answer the following questions.
Following are the criteria to take an actor in a Bollywood movie:
1. Actor must have 6 feet height.
2. Actor must look like as Amitabh Bachchan.
3. Actor must charge less than 7 Crores.
4. Actor must know Bhojpuri language.
Which among the following will get selected for the movie?
A. Pawan looks like as Salman Khan, he has height of six feet, knows to speak Bhojpuri
language and charges 6 Crores.
B. Dinesh looks like as Amitabh Bachchan, he has height of 5 feet, knows to speak
Bhojpuri language and charges 5.5 Crores.
C. Khesari looks like as Amitabh Bachchan, he has height of six feet, knows to speak
Bhojpuri language and charges 8 Crores.
D. Manoj looks like as Amitabh Bachchan, he has height of six feet, knows to speak
Bhojpuri language and charges 4.9 Crores.
Ans. D
Sol. By going through the options-
Option(a) Pawan will not be selected as he looks like as Salman Khan.
Option(b) Dinesh will not be selected as his height is of just 5 feet.
Option(c) Kheshari will not be selected as he charges 8 Crores.
Option(d) Manoj will be selected as he fulfills all four criteria.
Hence, option D is the correct answer.

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11. What is the point on the surface closest to the focus point of an earthquake called?
A. Hypercentre B. Hypocentre
C. Epicentre D. Circumcentre
Ans. C
Sol. • The epicenter is the point on the earth's surface vertically above the hypocentre (or
focus) of an earthquake. It is the first point on the surface to experience the earthquake
waves.
• The point where the energy is released is called the focus of an earthquake. This point
is also called hypocentre. It is the point within the earth where an earthquake
rupture starts.
12. Aral Sea lies between which two countries?
A. Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan B. Uzbekistan and Russia
C. Turkmenistan and Tazakhstan D. Russia and Turkmenistan
Ans. A
Sol. • Aral Sea lies between Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.
• By 1997, it had declined to 10% of its original size, splitting into four lakes:
• The North Aral Sea,
• The eastern and
• Western basins of the once far larger South Aral Sea,
• And one smaller intermediate lake
• Amu Darya and Syr Darya Rivers feed this sea.
13. Which of the following states does not touch boundary of Assam?
A. West Bengal B. Arunanchal Pradesh
C. Tripura D. Sikkim
Ans. D
Sol. • Assam state does not share its border from Sikkim.
• Assam is bordered by West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram,
Tripura and Meghalaya.
• Assam is known for Assam tea and Assam silk.
• Assam is house to popular Kaziranga National Park and Manas National Park.
14. Which was the most famous monument of the Sunga period?
A. Bharhut Stupa B. Konark Sun Temple
C. Iron Pillar D. Ajanta Caves
Ans. A
Sol. • The famous monument, Bharhut Stupa was made during the Sunga period. The Bharhut
stupa may have been first built by the Maurya king Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE, but
many works of art were added during the Sunga period.
• Sunga Dynasty was established by Pushyamitra Sunga, in 185 BC. Pushyamitra Sunga
was a Brahmin Commander-in-Chief of last Mauryan ruler called Brihadratha.
• Sunga Dynasty spanned from 185 BC to 73 BC. The capital of Sunga Dynasty
was Vidisha (MP).

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15. What was the official language of the Satavahana empire?

A. Tamil B. Sanskrit
C. Prakrit D. Kannada
Ans. C
Sol. • The official language of the Satavahana empire was Prakrit and the script was Brahmi.
• The Satavahanas were an ancient Indian dynasty based in the Deccan region.
• The dynasty reached its zenith under the rule of Gautamiputra Satakarni.
16. Who introduced The Policy of Blue Water ?
A. Nino-da-Cunha B. Francisco Xavier
C. Francisco Almeida D. Alfonso d' Albuquerque
Ans. C
Sol. Francisco Almeida (1505-1509) was the first Governor of Portuguese in India . He
introduced 'The Policy of Blue Water' which means making Portuguese the strong trading
power in Arabian sea and Indian ocean.
17. The preamble of constitution does not contain which of the following word?
A. Socialist B. Secular
C. Republic D. Freedom
Ans. D
Sol. The word freedom is directly mentioned in the preamble of constitution.
• Instead of it, the preamble contains four major words- JUSTICE, EQUALITY, LIBERTY
AND FRATERNITY.
• The preamble also comprises of the words- SOVEREIGH SOCIALIST SECULAR
DEMOCRATIC AND REPUBLIC.
• The words SOCIALIST AND SECULAR are added through 42nd constitutional amendment
act, 1976.
18. Which of the following qualifications is not related to the governor?
A. Must be citizen of India
B. Completed 38 years of age
C. Shall not be a member of both the houses of Parliament or of a Legislative Assembly or
Legislative Council (if any)
D. Shall not hold office of profit
Ans. B
Sol. Under Article 158, the constitution lays down the following conditions for the Governor’s
office:
• Must be citizen of India
• Completed 35 years of age
• Shall not be a member of both the houses of Parliament or of a Legislative Assembly or
Legislative Council (if any)
• Shall not hold office of profit
19. Which of the following metals is liquid at a little greater than room temperature ?
A. Lithium B. Gallium
C. Sodium D. Caesium

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Ans. B
Sol. ● Gallium is liquid at a little greater than room temperature.
● It is a soft, silvery blue metal at standard temperature and pressure.
● It is predominantly used in electronics and also used to make alloys with low melting
points.
● It does not occur as a free element in nature.
20. Which of the isotopes of hydrogen is radioactive?
A. Protium B. Deuterium
C. Tritium D. None of Above
Ans. C
Sol. ● Tritium isotope of Hydrogen is radioactive.
● It has a half life of about 12.32 years.
● Hydrogen is the only element whose isotopes have different names in common use
today.
21. Choose the correct parallel structure in the following sentences:
Choose the correct parallel structure in the following sentences:A. You come to
understand what to expect when you tease a cat, or tossing a pebble in a pool, or touch a
hot stove.
B. You come to understand what to expect when you tease a cat, or toss a pebble in a
pool, or touching a hot stove.
C. You come to understand what to expect when you are teasing a cat, or toss a pebble in
a pool, or touch a hot stove.
D. You come to understand what to expect when you tease a cat, or toss a pebble in a
pool, or touch a hot stove.
Ans. D
Sol. Option D - You come to understand what to expect when you tease a cat, or toss a pebble
in a pool, or touch a hot stove is the correct answer. Others have symmetry errors.
22. Select a synonym of the given word – Apprise
A. Inform B. Assist
C. Climb D. Famous
Ans. A
Sol. Option “A” is the correct answer.
Apprise means to make aware of, notify.
Inform means to brief, let know.
Assist means to help or support someone to do something.
Climb means to jump, to move up.
Famous means renowned, famed.
23. Select the correct antonym for the given word.
Mull
A. Ignore B. Ruin
C. Ponder D. Weigh up

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Ans. A
Sol. Option A – Ignore is the correct antonym for the given word.
Mull – think about (a fact, proposal, or request) deeply and at length.
Ruin – the physical destruction or disintegration of something.
Ponder – think about (something) carefully, especially before making a decision or
reaching a conclusion.
Weigh up - carefully assess someone or something.
24. Direction: Choose the option which is grammatically correct and expresses the meaning
of sentence correctly.
Identify the correct sentence from the given options:
A. When fishing you can always tell when you lose a fish because the line feels loose.
B. When fishing you can always tell when you loose a fish because the line feels lose.
C. When fishing you can always tell when you loose a fish because the line feels loose.
D. When fishing you can always tell when you lose a fish because the line lose.
Ans. A
Sol. Only option A makes the correct usage of “Lose” or “Loose”. The meaning of the word
lose is to be deprived of. The meaning of the word loose is not tight.
Hence A is the correct answer.
25. In the sentence identify the segment which contains the grammatical error. If the
sentence has no error, then select 'No error'.
How many a man have dated a new era in his life from the reading of a book!
A. a new era in his life B. many a man have dated
C. from the reading of a book D. No Error
Ans. B
Sol. The sentence is grammatically incorrect and the error lies in option B.
• Here the use of the auxiliary verb ‘have’ is incorrect.
• We always use singular noun and singular verb after “many a/an”.
E.g. :- Many a novel is good here to read.
• Thus, replace "have" with "has" to make the sentence grammatically correct.
• The correct sentence will be: “How many a man has dated a new era in his life from the
reading of a book!”
26. Direction: A sentence has been given in Direct/Indirect Speech. Out of the four given
alternatives, select the one which best expresses the same sentence in Indirect/Direct
Speech.
The teacher said, “Bravo! Well done, students.”
A. The teacher shouted that the students were doing very well.
B. The teacher exclaimed with joy that the students were doing well.
C. The teacher applauded the students saying that they had done well.
D. The teacher applauded the students joyfully to do well.

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Ans. C
Sol. The given sentence is an exclamatory sentence and it is in the simple past tense. Therefore,
as per the rules it will get converted into past perfect tense. Only option C is in the past
perfect tense, therefore it is the correct answer to the given question.
27. Select the correct passive form of the given sentence.
Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones at others.
A. Stones should be thrown at others by those who live in glass houses
B. Stones should not thrown at others by those who live in glass houses
C. Stones should not be thrown at others by those who live in glass houses
D. Stones should throw at others by those who live in glass houses
Ans. C
Sol. The given sentence is in active voice and we need to convert it into passive voice. The
structures for active/passive voices are:
Active Voice :- Subject + modal verb + not + verb (Ist form) + object.
Passive Voice :- Object + modal verb + not + be + verb (IIIrd form) + by + subject.
We use preposition 'at' with the verb 'throw'.
So, with the help of the above structures, we can convert the given sentence into passive
voice:- Stones should not be thrown at others by those who live in glass houses.
Hence, option C is the correct answer.
28. Select the correctly spelt word.
A. Beginning B. Beggining
C. Beginning D. Begining
Ans. C
Sol. Option C has correctly spelt word.
“Beginning” is the correct spelling. It means time when something starts.
29. Fill in the blank with appropriate verb to make the sentence past continuous tense:
She ___________ videos on YouTube.
A. were to upload B. was uploading
C. will upload D. uploads
Ans. B
Sol. The correct sentence with the appropriate verb is: She was uploading videos on YouTube.
The formula to identify past continuous is: was/were + first form of verb + ing. This type
of verb is used to express an action going on at sometime in the past.
30. Select the most appropriate sequence from the given options to make a meaningful
paragraph from jumbled sentences.
A. There had already been abundant rainfall in Delhi.
B. It was the fag end of summer.
C. A strong wind began to blow and the rain came causing havoc all around.
D. One day, however, we had a cyclonic storm.
A. BADC B. CADB
C. BACD D. CBAD

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Ans. A
Sol. If we look at the options, we can look for the first sentence, It can either be B or C.
Sentence B gives us the description of the time which takes the story forward and hence
it is the first sentence in sequence.
The second sentence will be A which tells us about the already abundant rainfall
experienced by Delhi.
The third sentence will be D whose repercussions are mentioned in C. Thus, the correct
rearrangement is BADC.
Hence, option A is the correct choice.
31. Consider the circuit shown below:

The value of the supply voltage VCC = 10V and the value of β = 100. The stability factor
‘S’ due to the reverse saturation current ICO is equal to
A. 43.24 B. 50.75
C. 23.23 D. 91.11
Ans. B
Sol.
IC 1+ 1+
∴ S= = =
ICO I R C
1− B 1+
IC R C + RB

101 101 101

= = =  50.5 = 50.751
100  0.5  103 50 100.5
1+ 1+
0.5  103 + 50  103 50.5

32. Which one of the following is the dual form of the Boolean identity given above?

AB + AC = (A + C)(A + B) 

A. AB + AC = AC + A B. (A + B)(A + C) = (A + C)(A + B)

C. (A + B)(A + C) = AC + AB D. AB + AC = AB + AC + BC

Ans. C

Sol. AB + AC = (A + C)(A + B)

Taking dual of the equation

(A + B)(A + C) = AC + AB

while taking dual AND dual is OR while literals are not changed

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33. The breakaway point in the root loci plot of the unity negative feedback system with loop
K
transfer function G(s) = is
( 2
s s + 6s + 12 )
A. -1.5 B. -2
C. -1 D. – 2.2
Ans. B
Sol. Given,
K
G(s) =
( 2
s s + 6s + 12 )
1 + G(s) = 0

(
or, s s2 + 6s + 12 + K = 0 )
(
or, K = − s3 + 6s2 + 12s )
dK
For break away point, =0
ds

or, 3s2 + 12s + 12 = 0

or, s2 + 4s + 4 = 0

or, (s + 2)2 = 0

or, s = −2, −2

For given O.L.T.F., P = 3, Z = 0, P – Z = 3

Poles are at s = 0 and s = −3  j 3 = −3  j1.732

Since entire –ve real axis is a part of root locus, therefore s = –2 is a valid breakaway
point.
34. The ripple factor of the output signal of an ideal full-wave bridge rectifier with a sinusoidal
signal as input is equal to
A. 0.24 B. 0.48
C. 1.21 D. 1.41
Ans. B

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2
 Vrms 
Sol. Ripple factor =   −1
 Vde 
For a full-wave rectifier output,
Vm
Vrms =
2
2Vm
Vde =

2
  
So, Ripple factor =   − 1 = 0.48
2 2 
35. The combinational circuit shown in the figure below represents

A. Priority Encoder B. Comparator Circuit

C. Binary to Grey code converter D. Odd sequence circuit
Ans. C
Sol. This Circuit can be reduced as

Binary to Grey code converter

36. Match list I (Modulation schemes) with list II (Applications) and select correct answer
using the codes given below the lists:
List-I
A) wide band FM
B) narrow band FM
C) standard AM

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D) VSB AM
List-II
1) Mobile communication
2) TV video transmission
3) Tv audio transmission
4) medium wave broadcasting
A. a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2
B. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
C. a-4, b-3, c-2, d-L
D. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
Ans. A
Sol. Wide band FM = TV audio transmission
Narrow band FM = First generation mobile
Standard AM = Medium wave broadcasting
VSB – AM = TV video transmission
37. An analog voltage of 3.41 V is converted into 8-bit digital form by an A/D converter with a
reference voltage of 5 V. The digital output is.
A. 1001 1001 B. 1111 0001
C. 1011 0111 D. 1010 1110
Ans. D
VR
Sol. Resolution = n
2 −1
Analog output = Resolution * Decimal equivalent (D)
5
3.41 = D
28 − 1
D ≈ 174
(174)10 = 101011102
38. In a series RLC circuit phasor diagram at a certain frequency is shown in figure, then
operating frequency is?

A. f = 0 B. f = fo
C. f < fo D. f > fo
Ans. C
Sol. As we know in resistor both voltage and current will be in phase with each other. Here
Vr direction is in current direction

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Since current leads the voltage, the nature of the circuit is capacitive and hence the
operating frequency is f < fo
39. In a time-of-flight mass spectrometer if q is the charge and m the mass of the ionized
species, then the time of flight is proportional to

m q
A. B.
q m

m q
C. D.
q m

Ans. A
Sol. We know that the Time of flight t is given by

d m
t=
2V q

m
Hence t is directly proportional to
q

40. Consider the following circuit

The network ‘N’ contains dependent sources and only resistances

Current I = 4A when RL = 1 ohm and
Current I = 2A when RL = 4 ohm
The value of ‘I’ when R=2 ohm and 10V source is replaced by 5V source is
A. 0.5A B. 1.0A
C. 1.5A D. 3A
Ans. C
Sol. The Thevenin equivalent of the given network

Vth
= 4 → (1)
R th + 1

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Vth
= 2 → (2)
R th + 4

From the eq (1) and (2)

Vth = 12V and Rth =2 ohm
So, when the source is 10 V then the response Vth = 12V. By the principle of homogeneity
12
principle, when the excitation is 5V then the response Vth = = 6V;
2

But Rth is independent of the magnitude of excitation

6 3
I= = = 1.5A
2+2 2
41. Match the following Lists:
List-I List-II
−B
a. Gauss’s law 1. E =
t

D
b. Continuity Equation 2.   H = Jc +
t

−v
c. Faraday’s law 3. J =
t

d. Ampere’s law 4. .D = v

A. A-4 B-3 C-2 D-1 B. A-4 B-2 C-3 D-1

C. A-3 B-4 C-2 D-1 D. A-4 B-3 C-1 D-2
Ans. D

Sol. A Gauss’s law is   D = v

−r
B. Continuity Equation is   J =
t
C. Faraday’s law is
−B
 Ed =  s t
ds

B
 E = −
t

D. Ampere’s law is H d =  J  ds

c

  H = J

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42. A single bus structure is primarily found in

A. Main frames
B. Mini and micro computers
C. super computers
D. High performance machines
Ans. B
Sol. A single bus structure is primarily found in Mini and micro computers.
43. The average successful search time for sequential search ‘n’ items is
(n + 1) n
A. B.
2 2
C. (n – 1) D. log(n) + 1

Ans. A

Sol.
Search 1 → 1 comparison
Search 2 → 2 comparison
Search n → n comparison
Total comparison
n(n + 1)
= 1 + 2 + .. + n =
2
Average successful comparisons
n(n + 1) (n + 1)
= =
n2 2
44. A CRT with parallel deflection plate is 40 cm long and 10 mm apart have Ea = 1000V .

Screen is 50 cm apart from center of parallel plates. Calculate the input voltage required
to deflect the beam 5 cm.
A. 2.5 V B. 5 V
C. 3 V D. 4 V
Ans. B
Sol. Given,
Ea = 1000V and ld = 0.4m, d = 0.01m, L = 0.5m and Ed = ?
We know that,
LldEd
D=
2dEa

2dEaD
Ed =
Lld

2  0.01  1000  0.05

Ed = = 5V
0.5  0.4

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45. The impedance (in ohm) looking into nodes 1 and 2 in the given circuit is :

A. 99.90 B. 89.80
C. 113.60 D. 130.90
Ans. D
Sol. The given circuit can be redrawn is

To find the impedance between node 1 and node 2, connect a 1 V voltage source across
the nodes which supplies current IT to the circuit

So, impedance = Z =
Now

1
I=− = −0.125mA
8

1
I = = 0.0125mA
80

KCL at node,
I’ = I + 60I + IT
 IT = I − 61I  (0.0125 + 7.625)mA

 IT = 7.6375mA

1 1
Z= = Ω = 130.93Ω
IT 7.6375  10−3

46. A dual trace CRO has …….. vertical and …… horizontal amplifier.
A. 2, 1 B. 1, 2
C. 2, 2 D. 1, 1

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Ans. D
Sol. A dual trace CRO has 1 vertical and 1 horizontal amplifier.
47. Which of the following are included in the architecture of computer?
1. Addressing modes, design of CPU
2. Instruction set, data formats
3. Secondary memory, operating system
Which of the statements given above are correct?
A. 1 and 2 only B. 2 and 3 only
C. 1 and 3 only D. 1, 2 and 3
Ans. A
Sol. Addressing modes, designed of CPU, instructions set and data are particular to specific
CPU.
Secondary memory and operating system cab work with different computer with different
architecture hence, there are not part of computer architecture.
48. The equivalent circuit of a practical op-amp can be given as

A. B.

C. D.

Ans. A
Sol. The circuit which represents op-amp parameters in terms of physical components, for the
analysis purpose is called equivalent circuit of an op-amp.

The circuit shows the op-amp parameters like input resistance, output resistance, the
open loop voltage gain in terms of circuit components like Rin R0 etc.
 
49. The message signal m(t) = 4 cos(800t) + 6 sin  600t +  DSB-SC modulates the carrier
 6 
signal c(t) = 20 cos(1600t). Find average power (in watts)of the modulated signal.
A. 2400 B. 5200
C. 7200 D. 1200
Ans. B
Sol. s(t) = m(t) c(t) = m(t) Ac(cosωct)
A c jc t
= m(t)
2
(
e + e− jc t )

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Ac A
s(t) = m(t)e jc t + c m(t)e− jc t
2 2
Power content, Pt = P1 + P2
 2
Ac − jct A2 

  | m(t) |
2
P1 = e m(t) dt = c dt
−
2 4 −

A 2c
P1 =  Pm
4

A 2c
Similarly, P2 = Pm
4

A2c
Pt = P1 + P2 = Pm
2
2 2
 4   6  16 36
Pm =   +  = + = 8 + 18 = 26W
 2  2 2 2

AC = 20 V
(20)2
Pt =  26 = 5200W
2
50. Logical operation performed by the digital circuit is :-

A. EX-NOR B. NAND
C. EX-OR D. OR
Ans. A

Sol. Output Y = (XY + XY)

Y = (X  Y) = X Y

Output will be EX-NOR.

51. Match the following parameters given in column A to their respective formulae given in
column B for a dual input balanced output differential amplifier.
Column A
1) Differential voltage Gain
2) Output Resistance
3) CMRR
Column B
a. Ad/Ac
b. RC/rE
c. RC
A. 1-a, 2-b, 3-c B. 1-c, 2-b, 3-a
C. 1-b, 2-c, 3-a D. 1-a, 2-c, 3-b

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Ans. C
Sol. 1. Output voltage, Vo = (RC/rE) (Vin1 – Vin2)
Thus, the differential gain, Ad = RC/ rE
This proves a differential amplifier amplifies the difference between two input signals.
2. The ability of a differential amplifier to reject common mode signal is called Common
Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR).
CMRR=|differential gain/common mode gain|
CMRR=|Ad/Ac|
3. The output is measured across the collector. Hence output resistance R o=RC.
52. Determine the instantaneous frequency in Hz for signal at t = 0
f(t) = cos400πt cos(10sin4πt) + sin400πt sin(10 sin4πt)
A. 95 B. 100
C. 180 D. 200
Ans. C
Sol. f(t) = cos 400πt cos(10 sin4πt) + sin 400πt sin(10 sin 4πt)
= cos(400πt – 10sin4πt)
Θ(t) = 400πt – 10 sin4πt
d(t)
i = = 400 − 40 cos 4t
dt
At t = 0, ωi = 400π – 40π
400 40
fi = −
2 2
fi = 200 − 20 = 180Hz
53. Consider the Schmitt trigger circuit shown below:

If the op-amp is ideal, then the value of lower threshold voltage V TL is equal to
A. -2V B. 2V
C. -4 V D. 4 V
Ans. C
Sol. At Vn the output must be
−Vsat = −10V

Thus, the value of voltage

5
VA = −10  = −2V
25

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Thus, the input voltage for which the transition occurs will be when V A = VB = –2 V
Thus applying KCL at node ‘A’, we get
VB − Vi VB − 2
+ 0
10kΩ 20kΩ
−2 − VTL −2 − 2
Thus, + =0
10kΩ 20kΩ
VTL = –4V

54. Which of the following statement is correct with respect to receivers in analog
communication?
A. TRF receiver has good selectivity but poor sensitivity.
B. Superheterodyne receivers has good gain hence good sensitivity, selectivity as well as
fidelity
C. FM receivers show good fidelity over AM receivers
D. All the above statements are correct.
Ans. C
Sol. FM receiver have good fidelity over AM receivers.
55. Which of fall is state diagram for Mealy machine shown :–

A. B.

C. D.

Ans. A
Sol. Y = X D = X  X = X
(a) option is matching
56. The _______ layer is the layer closest to the transmission medium.
A. Network B. Transport
C. Physical D. Data link

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Ans. C
Sol. Physical layer is lower most layer and is closest to the transmission media
57. What will be the Decimal equivalent of the hexadecimal number "BC1"?
A. 3009 B. 3008
C. 3007 D. None of the above
Ans. A
Sol. Hexadecimal to Binary:
(BC1)16 = (1011 1100 0001)2
Binary to decimal:-
(1011 1100 0001)2
= 1 × 211 + 0 × 210 + 1 × 29 + 1 × 28 + 1 × 27 + 1 × 26 + 0 × 25 + 0 × 24 + 0 × 23 + 0
× 22 + 0 × 2 1 + 1 × 2 0
= 3009
58. Calculate majority and minority carrier concentrations to convert an intrinsic silicon into
an n-type silicon of resistivity of 10 ohm-cm. [μn = 1350 cm2/V-sec, ni = 1.5 × 1010 cm–3]
A. 4.63 × 1015 cm–3 and 4.86 × 105 cm–3
B. 4.63 × 1016 cm–3 and 4.86 × 104 cm–3
C. 4.63 × 1014 cm–3 and 4.86 × 105 cm–3
D. 4.63 × 1015 cm–3 and 4.86 × 108 cm–3
Ans. C
Sol. For intrinsic to n-type conversion
Majority carrier concentration = ND

ni2
Minority carrier concentration = NA =
ND

σ = NDμn q
0.1 = ND × 1350 × 1.6 × 10–19
ND = 4.63 × 1014 cm–3

ni2 2.25  1020

NA = = 0
ND 4.63  1014

NA = 4.86 × 105 cm–3

59. Match List I (interrupts) with List II (corresponding characteristics) and select the correct
answers using the codes given below the lists:
List I (interrupts)
A. TRAP
B. INTR
C. RST 7.5
D. RST 6.5

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List II (Corresponding characteristics)

(1) Level triggered
(2) Non-Maskable
(3) For increasing the number of interrupts.
(4) Positive edge triggered.
(5) Maskable
A. A - 1, 2
B- 1, 3, 5
C- 4, 5
D- 1, 5
B. A- 1, 3
B- 1, 3, 5
C- 1, 5
D- 4, 2
C. A- 2, 4
B- 1, 3, 5
C- 1, 5
D- 4, 5
D. A- 1, 2
B- 1, 3, 5
C- 1, 5
D- 4, 5
Ans. A
Sol. TRAP: This interrupt has high priority. It is hardware vectored interrupt. It is non-
maskable interrupt. It is both Level and Edge triggered.
INTR: It is a Non-vectored interrupt. It is level triggered. It is maskable- interrupt.
RST 7.5: it is maskable and positive edge-triggered.
RST 6.5: it is level-triggered and maskable interrupt.
60. An analog voltage in the range 0 to 8 V is divided in 16 equal intervals for conversion to
4-bit digital output. The maximum quantization error (in V) is _________________
A. 0.20 B. 0.25
C. 0.30 D. 0.40
Ans. B
Sol. Maximum Quantization Error = ±Δ/2, where Δ=Step Size
Δ = Step Size=(Vmax - Vmin)/No. of levels = (8 - 0)/16 = 0.5
Maxm Quantization Error = (0.5)/2 = 0.25 V
61. The size of air cored transducers in comparison to the iron core parts is
A. smaller B. larger
C. same D. unpredictable

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Ans. B
Sol. The size of air cored transducers as compare to iron core parts are larger because iron
has the stronger inter particle force of attraction through both are solid also iron has
strong metallic bond between it's particles.
62. AN infinite line charge of 1μC/m is on the z-axis. Electric field due to the line charge at
point (–2, –1, 5) will be
A. 2.4ax + 1.8ay B. 7.2ax + 14.4ay
C. –7.2ax – 3.6ay D. –2ax – ay
Ans. C
Sol. Electric field intensity in free space at a distance R form an infinite line charge with charge
density ρL is defined as
LR
E=
20R2

Given ρL = 1μC/m = 1 × 10–6C/m

R = – 2ax – ay

So, E =
(1  10 )  −2a
−6
x − ay 
 
20  5 
= –7.2ax – 3.6aykV/m
63. Match the following:
List-I
a. Emitter
b. Collector
c. Base
List-II
(i) Lightest doping
(ii) Largest area
(iii) Highly doping
A. a-(iii), b-(ii), c-(i)
B. a-(iii), b-(i), c-(ii)
C. a-(ii), b-(iii), c-(i)
D. a-(ii), b-(i), c-(iii)
Ans. A
Sol. Emitter: Highly doped and medium area.
Collector: Moderate doping and largest area.
Base: Lightest doping and lightest area.
64. An ergodic random power x(t) has an Auto-correlation
4
function, R xx () = 40 + + 6 cos(18)
8 + 2
The | x | is?

A.  40 B.  31

C.  39 D.  40  39

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Ans. A
Sol. We know if
(i) X(t) has a periodic component then RXX(τ) will have a periodic component with the
same period.
(ii) If E[X(t)] = x̄ = 0 and x(t) is ergodic with no periodic component then limR xx () =| X |2
|| → 

Thus we get | x |2 = 40 or x =  40
65. The sharing of a medium and its link by two or more devices is called _______.
A. modulation B. multiplexing
C. encoding D. line discipline
Ans. B
Sol. In multiplexing two or more devices send data over a common link / channel and
efficiency of transmission increases.
66. A bipolar binary signal Si(t) is +A or –A, rectangular pulse in interval 0 to T.
Assume n2 = 0.1 and P(S1) = 0.7. Find optimum detection threshold of detector.

0.042 0.042
A. B. −
A A
A A
C. D. −
0.042 0.042
Ans. B
Sol. Using formula,
a1 + a2 n2  P(0) 
Vth = + n 
2 a1 − a2  P(1) 
A + (−A) (0.1)  0.3 
= + n
2 A − (−A)  0.7 

0.042
=−
A
67. The ______ layer is responsible for moving frames from one hop (node) to the next.
A. transport B. data link
C. physical D. none of the above
Ans. B
Sol. The data link layer is responsible for moving frames from one hop (node) to the next.
The network layer is responsible for moving packets from one end to other.
68.

What is frequency fout if frequency of 20KHz is applied to Schmitt trigger ?

A. 5 KHz B. 2 KHz
C. 2.5 KHz D. None

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Ans. C
Sol. Schmitt trigger converts any wave to rectangular pulse at T – flip flop output frequency is
halved
20
After 1st T– flip flop frequency f = KHz
2
10
After 2nd T– flip flop frequency f = KHz
2
5
After 3rd T flip flop frequency f = = 2.5KHz
2
(c) option is correct
69. If the parallel conductors of infinite length are separated by a distance of 1m, experience
a force of _____, current flowing in each conductor is one ampere.
A. 2 × 10–7 N/m B. 2 × 107 N/m
C. 1 × 10–7 N/m D. 1 × 107 N/m
Ans. A
Sol. Force b/w two conductors is given by,
F 0 I1I2
=
l 2 d
F 4  10−7 1  1
= 
2 1
F
= 2  10−7 N / m

70. A vector magnetic potential is given by

A = 20 cos âwb / n

The magnetic flux density at (2, π, 0) will be

A. 0 ˆwb / n2
B. 5a

C. 10âr wb / n2 ˆwb / n2
D. −10a

Ans. D
Sol.
B = A
ˆ
ar ˆ
ra r sin ˆ
a
1   
=
r sin  r
2
 
0 r(20) cos  0

1
= 2
ˆ
[0 + 0 + r sin (20) cos ]a
r sin 
1
B(2,,0) = 20 cos ˆ
a
r
1
= ˆ
20 cos()a
2
= −10âwb / n2

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71. Given, x(n) = 1, n = ± 1

= 2, n = ± 2

= 3, n = ± 3

= 0, otherwise

The number of nonzero samples in x(2n) are

A. 3 B. 4

C. 2 D. 1

Ans. C

x(n) = 3, 2,1, 0,1, 2, 3

Sol.


x(2n) = [2, 0,2]



∴ Number of non zero samples are 2.

72. Two vectors extending from the origin are given as R1=4ux+3uy-2uz and R1=3ux-4uy-6uz.

The area of triangle defined by R 1 and R2.

A. 12.47 B. 20.15

C. 10.87 D. 15.46

Ans. B

ux uy uz 
1 1 
Sol. Area = R1xR 2 =  4 3 −2
2 2
3 −4 −6 
 

= ux (−18 − 8) − uy (−24 + 6) + uz (−16 − 9)

= −26ux + 18uy − 25uz

R1xR2 = 262 + 182 + 252 = 40.31

1
Area = 40.31
2

= 20.15

73. In hot wire instruments the sensing wire is made of

A. copper B. silver

C. platinum-iridium D. copper-nickel

Ans. C

Sol. In hot wire instruments the sensing wire is made of platinum-iridium.

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74. For the circuit shown in fig, the switch is closed for a long time and it is opened at t = 0.

Determine VL(t) for t ≥ 0.

A. 2.4e–10t V B. – 2.4e–10t V
C. 120 e–10t V D. – 120e–10t V
Ans. D
Sol. Evaluation of initial condition, here inductor act as short circuit at t = 0– (here switch is
closed)
Il(0–) = (24/10) = 2.4 A = Il(0+)
(since current through inductor cannot change instantaneously)
at t = ∞, here inductor act as a open circuit (here switch is open)
Il(∞) = 0 A
Evaluation of time constant τ
L 5 1
T = = =
Req 40 + 10 10

Current through inductor is given by

Il(0–) = Il(0–)e–t/ + I1(∞) (1 – e–t/)A
= 2.4 e–10t A
dIl(t)
VL(t) = L = 5 × 2.4 × (-10)e–10t V
dt
= – 120 e–10t V
75. The potential of node B with respect to G in the network shown in figure is

64 63
A. V B. V
63 64

32 31
C. V D. V
31 32
Ans. A
Sol. Applying MilliMan’s Theorem

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 2 4 8 16 32 
 − + − + 
Vth =  2 4 8 16 32 
1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 
 2 4 8 16 32 

32
= V
31

32
R th = Ω
31

 
32  64 
VBG =  
31  32 
64 +
 31 
32 64  31
 
31 64  31 + 32
32  64 64
= V
32(63) 63

76. The tracking error at different input carrier frequencies of an AM super heterodyne
receiver, operating in the range (550 to 1650) KHz is shown in :

The intermediate frequency of receiver is 450 KHz. If the maximum frequency of

modulating signal is 7 KHz, find minimum bandwidth (in kHz) required by IF Amplifier of
receiver
A. 5 B. 10
C. 15 D. 20
Ans. D
Sol. Minimum Bandwidth required for an IF Amplifier of an AM super-heterodyne receiver is
(BW)min = 2fm(max) + (Peak to Peak swing of tracking error curve)
= 2(7) + (5 – (–1)) KHz
= 14 + 6 KHz
= 20 KHz

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77. What is the power factor of the circuit when a current of 8A flows in the circuit when 100V
DC is applied to it whereas it takes 125V AC to produce the same current?
A. 0.6 B. 0.8
C. 1.0 D. Zero
Ans. B
Real power
Sol. Power factor =
Apparent power

IVR V 100
pf = = R =
IV V 125
pf = 0.8
78. In the transmission line shown, the impedance Zin (in ohms) between node A and the
ground is _________.

A. 22.22 B. 33.33
C. 44.44 D. 55.55
Ans. B

Sol. Here, l =
2
Zin (l =  / 2) = ZL = 50Ω

100
 Zin = (100 50) = = 33.33Ω
3
79. Find the Standing Wave Ratio of a transmission line of characteristic impedance 80 ꭥ is
connected to a load of 100 ꭥ.
A. 1.5 B. 1.25
C. 0.125 D. 1.05
Ans. B
Sol. Given, Z0 = 80Ω, ZL = 100Ω

Voltage reflection ratio,

ZL − Z0 100 − 80 20 1
ΓL = = = =
ZL + Z0 100 + 80 180 9

Standing Wave Ratio,

1 + ΓL 1 + 0.111 1.111
SWR = = = = 1.25
1 − ΓL 1 − 0.111 0.889

80. The Biot-savart's law is a general modification of

A. Kirchhoff’s law B. Lenz's law
C. Ampere's law D. Faraday's laws

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Ans. C
Sol. Biot-savart's law is a general modification of Ampere's law.
81. (24)8 is expressed in Gray code as which one of the following?
A. 010000 B. 010100
C. 011110 D. 011111
Ans. C
Sol. Binary code for (24)8: (010100)2
Gray code for (24)8: (011110)2
82. A dual-slope A/D converter has a resolution of 4 bits. If the clock rate is 3.2 kHz. Find the
maximum rate at which samples can be converted
A. 200/sec B. 100/sec
C. 50/sec D. 400/sec
Ans. B
Sol. For a dual-slope converter, we have
Number of bits, n = 4
Clock rate = 3.2 kHz
The conversion time for n-bit is given by
Vg
t = 2n Tc + 2n Tc ……… (ii)
VR

Where n → number of bits

Tc → Time period of clock pulse
Va → analog voltage
VR → reference voltage
The maximum analog voltage is given as
(Va)max = VR
So, equation (ii) becomes
t = 2n Tc + 1 × 2n × Tc = 2n+1 Tc
1
Or t = 24+1 sec
3.2  103
Hence, the sampling frequency is given as

1 3.2  103
f  =
t 25
Or f  100Hz
i.e. the maximum clock rate is f = 100 Hz = 100/sec
83. The addition of 4-bit, two's complement, binary numbers 1101 and 0100 results in
A. 0001 and an overflow B. 1001 and no overflow
C. 0001 and no overflow D. 1001 and an overflow
Ans. C

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Sol.

1101 (−3)10
0100 (+ 4)10
1 0001 (+1)10

No overflow.
84. In the CMOS circuit shown below the output Y is

A. (A + C)B B. (A + B)C

C. AB + C D. AB + C
Ans. B
Sol. Correct option is (B)
The operation of the given circuit is mentioned below.

From the above operation table, we deduce the output as

Y = (A + B)C

Alternative Method:
We trace the total current from output to ground, and then complement the result to
obtain the output as

Y = CB + CA

or Y = (A + B)C

85. In a centre-tap full wave rectifier, if Vm represents peak voltage between the centre tap
and one end of the secondary, the maximum voltage coming across the reverse-biased
diode is,
A. Vm B. 2Vm
C. 0.5 Vm D. 0.707 Vm
Ans. B
Sol. The maximum voltage coming across the reverse-biased diode is double of the peak
voltage ie. 2Vm.

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86. If I0 = 8 × 10–16 A, βdc = 100,

Final operating values?

A. IC = 1mA, VCE = 1.51V B. IC = 10mA, VCE = 1.5V

C. IC = 1mA, VCE = 1.5V D. IC = 0mA, VCE = 2.5V
Ans. C
Sol. From the circuit
IBQ = 10 μA
∴ ICQ = βdcIBQ = 100 (10μ) = 1 mA
Hence by applying KVL at output
VCE = VCC– ICRC = 2.5 – (1 × 10–3) 1K = 1.5 V
∴ ICQ = 1 mA, VCEQ = 1.5 V
87. In a half wave rectifier, the peak value of the ac voltage across the secondary of the
transformer is 20 V. If no filter circuit is used, the maximum d.c voltage across the load
will be:
A. 6.37 V B. 28.28 V
C. 14.14 V D. 9 V
Ans. A
Sol. Given,
Peak voltage Vm = 20 V then,
Vm
Vdc =


20
Vdc =

= 6.37V
88. For the given circuit VB = VC and β = 50. The value of VB is ______

A. 2.23 V B. 1.56 V
C. 1.19 V D. 1.89 V

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Ans. C
Sol. Given that,
VB = VC. For dc analysis, we draw the circuit as

From the circuit, we have the emitter voltage

VE = VB – 0.7
So, the emitter current is given by
VE − 0 VB − 0.7 − 0 VB − 0.7
IE = = =
1K 1K 1K
Therefore, the collector current is
  
IC =   ( VB − 0.7 ) …(i)
1 +  
Also, from the circuit, we have the collector current as
6 − Vc
Ic = …(ii)
10k
Equating the equations (i) and (ii), we get
50 6−V
51
( VB − 0.7 ) = 10 C
Thus, VB = 1.19 V [VB = VC]
89. Consider the network shown in figure.

The node voltage V1 is

A. –13.5 V B. – 6.75
C. – 4.5 V D. 0 V
Ans. A
Sol. Apply KCL at Node V1
V1 + 9 V
+3+ 1 = 0
3 9

1 1
V1  +  = −6
3 9
V1 = – 13.5V

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W
90. A MOSFET is biased at a drain current of 0.75mA. If nCox = 150A / V2 , = 4 and
L

 = 0.05V −1 and VDS = 0.8V Transconductance parameter of the circuit is nearly_____.

A. 0.3 mA/V B. 1.90 mA/V
C. 0.70 mA/V D. 0.95 mA/V
Ans. D
Sol. We have,

W
gm = 2ncox I (1 + Vds )
L D

(1 + Vds ) = 1.04  1
gm = 2  150  10−6  4  0.75  10−3

gm = 0.95 mA/V.
Option D is correct.
91. The open loop gain of an operational amplifier is 10 5. An input signal of 1 mV is applied to
the inverting input with the non-inverting input connected to the ground. The supply
voltages are ±10V. The output of the amplifier will be?
A. + 100V B. – 100V
C. + 10 V D. – 10V
Ans. D
Sol. Output voltage of op-amp is:
V0 = Av (V+– V-)
= 105 [0 – 1mV]
V0 = -100V
If the output voltage is greater than the supply voltage, then the op-amp is saturated, so
output voltage:
V0 = +Vsat [non-inverting voltage > Inverting voltage]
= – Vsat [inverting voltage > non inverting voltage]
So, V0 = – 10 V
2

 (5t )
2
92. The value of the integral I = + 1 (t)dt is
1

A. 0 B. 1
42 125
C. D.
3 3
Ans. A
Sol. Since δ(t) is only available at t=0. So integral between 1 and 2 will be 0 as t = 0 is outside
the region of integration.
93.

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What is the overall transfer function of the block diagram given above?
G1G2 + G2G3 G1G3 + G2G3
A. B.
1 + G2H1 1 + G2H1

G1G2 + G2G3 G1G3 + G2G3

C. D.
1 + G1G2G3H1 1 + G2G3H1

Ans. A
Sol. Number of loops = 1
Number of forward paths = 2
By applying Mason’s gain formula
G1G2 + G3G2 G1G2 + G3G2
TF = =
1 − ( −G2H1 ) 1 + G2H1

94. The frequency response of the system is H(ejω)= 5 + 3e-j3ω

If the input is x(n) = 6 (n) + 5 (n-3), and the output of the system is y(n), then y(3n)
is:
A. {43, 30, 16} B. {15, 43, 39}
C. {30, 43, 15} D. {22, 46, 29}
Ans. C
Sol. Y(ejω)=X(ejω)H(ejω))
X(ejω)=6 + 5e-3jω
Y(ejω)= (6 + 5e-3jω)( 5 + 3e-3jω)
Y(ejω)=30 +18e-3jω +25 e-3jω+15 e-6jω
Therefore, y(n) = {30,0,0,43,0,0,15}
y(3n) = {30,43,15}
95. The response of an initially relaxed, linear constant parameter network to a unit impulse
applied at t = 0 is 4e−2t for t  0 then the response of this network for unit step input

( )
A. 2 1 − e−2t u(t) ( )
B. 4 e− t − e−2t u(t)

C. sin 2t ( )
D. 1 − 4e−4t u(t)

Ans. A
4
Sol. Response to unit impulse =
s+2
1 4
Response to step input = 
s s+2
4 1 1 
= −
2  s s + 2 

Taking inverse laplace transformation,

(
Response = 2 1 − e−2t u(t))

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96. A signal v(n) is defined by

1 ; n=1

v [n] = −1 ; n = −1
0 ; n = 0 and |n |  1

Which is the value of the composite signal defined as v[n] + V[– n]?
A. 0 for all integer values of n B. 2 for all integer values of n
C. 1 for all integer values of n D. –1 for all integer values of n
Ans. A
Sol. v[n] + V[– n] = 0
For all integer values of n.

97. Impulse response of a system is e3t [sin4t + cos4t]. Then DC gain of the system is?
1
A. 25 B.
25
C. 16 D. None
Ans. D
4 (s − 3)
Sol. Transfer function = Laplace Transform (impulse response = 2 2
+
(s − 3) + 4 (s − 3)2 + 42
Poles = 3 ± 4j
Poles are right side of s-plane
So, system is unstable. Hence, DC gain is not defined (or ∞)
98. Consider a unity feedback system with the forward transfer function
k(s + 20)
G(s) =
s(s + 2)(s + 3)
The Range of K to make the system stable is
A. 0  k  2 B. 0  k  2
C. K < 2 D. k  2

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Ans. B
Sol. The closed loop transfer function.
C(s) k(s + 20)
=
R(s) s(s + 2)(s + 3) + k(s + 20)

C(s) k(s + 20)

=
R(s) s2 + 5s2 + 6s + ks + 20k

k(s + 20)
=
s2 + 5s2 + (6 + k)s + 20k

Routh table.
S3 1 6+k
S2 5 20k
S1 5(6 + k) − 20k 0
5
S0 20k 0

For the all element in first row is positive.

So, in s0 row ⇒ 20 k > 0. Or k > 0.
And in s1 row.
5(6 + k) − 20k
>0
5
30 + 5k – 20k > 0
30 > 15k
K<2
So, for stability 0 < k < 2.
So, for Stability 0 < k < 2.
99. Which of the following statement is true regarding the Fourier series representation of a
continuous time periodic function x(t)?
A. If x(t) is an odd function, its Fourier series expansion will have only cosine term.
B. If x(t) is an odd function, its Fourier series expansion will have a dc component and
sine terms only.
C. If x(t) is an odd function, its Fourier series expansion will have only sine terms.
D. None of these
Ans. C
Sol. Fourier series representation

x(t) = a0 +  ( an cos n0 t + bn sinn0 t )
n=1

T /2
1
Where, a0 =
T 
− T /2
x(t)dt …… (1)

T /2
2
an =
T 
− T /2
x(t) cos n0 tdt …… (2)

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T /2
2
an =
T 
− T /2
x(t) sinn0 tdt ........ (3)

As x(t) is odd and cos nω0t is even, their product is odd and integral (2) over interval [–
T/2, T/2] becomes zero.
an = 0
Similarly, x(t) is odd and sin nω0t is also odd so their product will be odd an
T /2
4
an =
T 
0
x(t) sinn0 tdt

T /2
1
Similarly, a0 =
T 
− T /2
x(t)dt

Since x(t) is odd so a0 = 0. Fourier series expansion of x(t) will contain sine term only.
20
100. A unity feedback system with open loop transfer function of is excited by a unit
s(s + 5)
step input. How much time will be required for the response to settle within 2% of final
desired value?
A. 0.25 sec B. 1.60 sec
C. 2.40 sec D. 4.00 sec
Ans. B
Sol. 1 + G(s) = 0
20
1+ =0
s(s + 5)

s2 + 5s + 20 = 0
4
∴ ts =
n

2n = 5

n = 2.5

4
 ts = = 1.60sec
2.5
101. Let the open loop transfer function of a negative feedback closed loop transfer

function.
(
K s2 + 2s + 4 ) where K is a non-negative real valued parameter then the
4 3 2
s + 3s + 2s + 6s
angle (in °) by the asymptote with the positive real axis are
A. 0 and 90 B. 90 and 270
C. 0 and 180 D. 90 and 180
Ans. B
Sol. We know that
Angle of asymptote
(2 + 1)
=
p−z
l = 0, 1, 2 ...
|p – z| = 2)

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P = 4, z = 2, l = 0, 1

 3
So, angle of asymptote = ,
2 2

102. An LTI system has the impulse response shown below.

If the system is excited by an input x(t) = δ (t – 1) + δ (t – 3), then output y(t) will be

A. B.

C. D.

Ans. D

Sol. Output of the system is

Y(t) = h (t) * x(t)

= h(t) * [δ (t – 1) + δ (t – 3)]

= h(t) * δ (t – 1) + h (t) * δ (t – 3)

= h(t – 1) + h (t – 3)

As we know that, x(t) * δ (t – t0) = x (t – t0)

Signal h(t – 1) and h(t – 3) are obtained by shifting h(t) to the right by 1 unit and 3 unit

respectively as shown below

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Now, adding above two we get the output

103. The diffusion constant for holes in silicon is 13 cm2/s. What is the diffusion current if the
gradient of the hole concentration dP/dx = – 2 × 1014 holes per cm3 per cm?
A. –0.416 mA B. –3.2 × 10–5 A
C. 32 μA D. 0.416 mA
Ans. D
Sol. Dp = 13 cm2/s
dP
= −2  1014 holes per cm3 per cm
dx

dP
Diffusion current −qDp
dx
= –1.6 × 10–19 × 13 × (–2 × 1014)
= 0.416 mA
104. Consider a second order plant governed by y(t) − 9y(t) = r(t) . It is designed to design a

unity negative feedback closed loop control system with this plant and the constraints on
the controller parameter of a proportional derivative controller that loop system are
(Assume r(t) input, y(t) output)
A. Not applicable since a proportional derivative controller does not stabilize the closed
loop system.
B. Kp > 9 and KD > 0
C. KP > 0 and KD > -9
D. KP < 9 and KD > 9
Ans. B
Sol. From the given question Block Diagram of the process is

Gc(s) = Controller transfer function

Gc(s) = KP + KDs (Proportional + Derivatives)
And for GP(s) given
y(t) − 9y(t) = r(t)

By Laplace transform that is

Y(s) 1
Gp (s) = = 2
R(s) s − 9

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And characteristics equation of the block diagram

1+ Gc(s) GP(s) = 0
1
(
1 + Kp + K s s )s
2
−9
=0

s2 – 9 + KDs + KP = 0
s2 +KDs + KP – 9 = 0
So, from the Routh table
S2 1 K–9
S1 KD
S 0
KD – 9
For stability
KD > 0, KP > 9
Option B is correct
105. The region of convergence of a signal x[n] whose z-transform is represented as X (z),
1; −10  n  10
where x[n] = 
0; Otherwise
1
A. | z | B. | z | 10
10
1
C. | z | 10 D. Entire z-plane except z = 0 and z = ∞
10
Ans. D
Sol. This sequence is finite in length. Therefore, the region of convergence is
0 | z |  .
106. The system dynamic is represented by the state space representation
x1   −2 −3 x1  3 x 
 =    +  , y = 1,1  1 
x2   4 2  x2  5  x2 
And D = 0, The transfer function of the system is
1 1
A. 2
B. 2
s + 4s + 16 s +8
8s + 1 −8s + 1
C. D.
s2 + 8 s2 + 8
Ans. C
Sol. TF = C (SI – A)–1B
s + 2 3 
[SI – A]–1 =  
 −4 s − 2
 s − 2 −3 
 
+4 s + 2 
= 
s2 + 8
s − 2 −3  3
1 1   
TF =  +4 s + 2 5
s2 + 8

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3s − 2s 
1 1  
= 5s + 22 
2
s +8
8s + 1
=
s2 + 8
107. An AM signal with a carrier of 1 kW has 200 W in each side band. The percentage of
modulation is.
A. 20% B. 89.4%
C. 49.7% D. 40%
Ans. B
Sol. Carrier power,
PC = 1000 W
Power in each side band,

PCm2
PUSB = PLSB = = 200W
4
Where m is the modulation index

PCm2
∴ PLSB = PUSB =
4

m2
200 = 1000
4
800
m2 =
1000
m = 0.8944
% modulation = 89.44%
108. If DTFT is defined, then the signal for
3 − 3z−1
X(z) = is
 1 −1 
(
1 − 2 z  1 − 2z
 
−1
)
n n
1 1
A. x(n) =   u(n) + 2(2)n u(n) B. x(n) =   u(n) − 2(2)n u(−n − 1)
2 2
n n
1 1
C. x(n) =   u(n) − (2)n u(−n − 1) D. x(n) =   u(n) + 2(2)n u(−n − 1)
2 2
Ans. B
Sol. If DTFT is defined then ROC of X(z) includes unit
3 − 3z−1 1 2
circle X(z) = = +
 1 −1  1 1 − 2z−1


1 −
2
z (


1 − 2z −1
)1 −
2
z −1

1
If | z | ,| z | 2 , then only the common ROC includes unit circle.
2
n
1
x(n) =   u(n) − 2(2)n u(−n − 1)
2

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109. For an AM signal, the bandwidth is 20 kHz and the highest frequency component present
is 800 kHz. The carrier frequency used for this AM signal is.
A. 710 kHz B. 705 kHz
C. 700 kHz D. 790 kHz
Ans. D
Sol.

fC + fm = 800kHz

fC = 800 − 10 = 790kHz

110. Determine dynamic or ac resistance of the diode in the given circuit at 300 K. (Take VT =
25.86 mV and η = 1)

A. 26 Ω B. 25 Ω
C. 30 Ω D. 25.86 Ω
Ans. D
dV ΔVD
Sol. R ac = or
dI ΔID

VT
R ac =
ID

If ID current if flowing in the loop.

1.3 − 0.3
ID = = 1mA
103
1  25.86  10−3
R ac = = 25.86Ω
10−3

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111. The contents of Register B. and Accumulator A. of 8085 microprocessor are 49H and 3AH
respectively. The contents of A and the status of carry flag (CY) and sign flag (S) after
executing SUB B instructions are
A. A = F1, CY = 1, S =1 B. A = 0F, CY = 1, S =1
C. A = F0, CY = 0, S =0 D. A = 1F, CY = 1, S =1
Ans. A
Sol. A- 3A H- 00111010
B- 49H- 01001001
SUB A- 11110001
CY=1, S=1, A = F1
112. For a DSB transmission, the message signal is given by m(t) = cos 200πt. If the carrier
amplitude is Ac=10, what will be the transmission bandwidth BT (in Hz) and total power
Pt (in Watt) of the modulated signal respectively?
A. 25, 400 B. 200, 25
C. 200, 50 D. 50, 200
Ans. B
Sol. Given the message signal,
M(t)=cos(200πt)
The carrier amplitude,
Ac=10
So, we have the transmission bandwidth for DSB modulated signal,
BT=2fm
=2×(100)=200 Hz
Also, the total power in modulated signal is obtained as
1 1
Pt t =  (10)2 
2 2
100
= = 25W
4
113. Find ‘I’ of circuit ___________A?

A. 2 B. 3
C. 4 D. 5
Ans. A
Sol. Here, D1 = RB and D2 = FB
20
So, I = = 2A
2+3+3+2

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114. Given β = 100, VEB = 0.7V, VEC(Sat) = 0.2 V.

Calculate the base current IB?

A. 3 mA B. 6 mA
C. 9 mA D. 12 mA
Ans. C
10.7 − VE 10.7 − 0.7
Sol. IE = =
1k 1k
IE = 10 mA
0.5 − (−10.5)
IC( sat ) = = 1mA
11k
(∵ VE = 0.7V, VC = 0.7 – 0.2 = 0.5 V)
Therefore, BJT is saturation
∴ IB = IE – IC = 10 mA – 1 mA = 9 mA
115. In FM broadcasting the frequency deviation of 75 kHz, the message is band limited to 15
kHz, the noise figure is
A. 5 B. 25
C. 2/75 D. 75/2
Ans. C
Sol. fm = 15 kHz
Δf = 75 kHz
Δf 75
B= = =5
fm 15

3 2
Figure of merit = 
2
2 2
Noise figure = =
32
75
116. Which one of the following thermocouple pairs has maximum sensitivity around 273 K?
A. Nichrome-constantan B. Copper-Nickel
C. Platinum-constantan D. Nickel-constantan
Ans. A
Sol. Thermocouples are widely used in science and industry; applications include temperature
measurement for kilns, gas turbine exhaust, diesel engines, and other industrial
processes. Thermocouples are also used in homes, offices and businesses as the

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temperature sensors in thermostats, and also as flame sensors in safety devices for
gaspowered major appliances.
Nichrome is useful for heating purposes and when the stability of the resistance value is
not important. Nichrome can be run up to very high temperature where the wire can
become bright red in colour. The electrical resistance rises with temperature. Constantan
and Nichrome are alloys; Constantan contains 56% Copper and 44% Nickel while
Nichrome contains 80% Nickel and 20% Chromium.
117. A lossless transmission line operating at 4.5 GHz has L = 2.6 μ H/m and Z0 = 80 Ω. the
phase constant β and the phase velocity v is
A. 148 rad/m, 274 × 10 5
m/s B. 714 rad/m, 30.8 × 10 4
m/s
C. 919 rad/m, 30.8 × 10 6
m/s D. None of the above
Ans. C

L
Sol. Z0 =
C

 = j = j LC

Z0 = L 

L 2  4.5  109  2.6  10−6

= = = 919rad / m
Z0 80

 Z0 80
v= = = = 30.8  106 m / s
 L 2.6  10 −6

118. An angle modulated signal is given by s(t) = 20 cos[2πfct + 4 sin2000πt]. If fc is the

carrier frequency, then the bandwidth of this angle modulated signal, according to the
carson’s rule, will be
A. 5 kHz B. 10 kHz
C. 15 kHz D. 20 kHz
Ans. B
Sol. From the given angle modulated signal,
Modulation index, β = 4
2000
Message signal frequency, fm =
2
= 1000 Hz = 1 kHz
According to carson’s rule,
BW = 2(1 + β) fm = (1 + 4) (2 × 1) KHz
= 10 KHz
119. A dielectric interface is defined by 2x + 3y = 5 cm/ The region including the origin is free
space where D1 = ˆ ˆy + 1.5a
ax − 8a ˆznC / m2 . In the other region r2 = 4.2 . The D2 in this

region is
ˆx − 2.95a
A. 3.35a ˆy + 1.5a
ˆznC / m2 B. ˆ ˆy + 0.35a
ax − 8a ˆznC / m2

ˆx − 17.44a
C. 14.92a ˆy + 6.3âznC / m2 ˆx − 5.752a
D. −2.315a ˆy + 0.35a
ˆznc / m2

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Ans. C
Sol. f(x, y) = 2x + 3y – 5 = 0
ˆx + 3a
f = 2a ˆy

f ˆx + 3a
2a ˆy
an = = ˆx + 0.83a
= 0.55a ˆy
| f | 13

Dn1 = (D1  an ) an = −3.35a (

ˆx − 5.05a
ˆy )
ˆx − 2.95a
Dt1 = D1 − Dn1 = 4.35a ˆy + 1.5âz

Dn2 = Dn1 (Boundary condn.)

Et2 = Et1
Dt2 Dt1
 =
i2 r1

r2
 Dt 2 =  Dt1
r1

ˆx − 12.39a
Dt2 = 18.27a ˆy + 6.3a
ˆz

ˆx − 17.44a
D2 = Dn2 + Dt2 = 14.92a ˆy + 6.3a
ˆznC / m2

120. A probability density function is of the form P(x) = ke – α |x|

, x ϵ (– ∞, ∞)
Find the value of k?
A. 0.5 B. 1
C. 0.5 ∝ D. ∝
Ans. C

Sol. As P(x) is a probability density function. Therefore,  P(x)dx = 1
−

 ke
−|x∣
 dx = 1
−

0 
 
−
keax dx+  ke−ax dx = 1
0

k x  k
( ) ( )
0 
e +  −  e−x =1
 −
  0

k 0 k
e − e−  − e− − e−0  = 1
 
2k
=1


k= = 0.5
2
121. A microwave antenna-characteristics are described as, low weight, low power- handing
capacity and low bandwidth. What shall this be?
A. Helical antenna B. Sectoral horn antenna
C. Micro-strip patch antenna D. Microwave dipole antenna
Ans. C

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122. A Television signal is sampled at a rate of 20% above the Nyquist rate. The signal has a
bandwidth of 6 MHz. The sample are quantized into 1024 levels. The minimum bandwidth
required to transmit this signal would be
A. 72 M bits/sec B. 144 M bits/sec
C. 72 k bits/sec D. 144 k bits/sec
Ans. B
Sol. Nyquist rate = 2 x 6 MHz
= 12 MHz
The actual sampling rate = 1.2 x 12 = 14.4 MHz
1024 = 210
So, that 10 bits or binary pulses aye needed to encode each sample,
Minimum bandwidth = 144.4
M × 10 = 144 M bits/sec.
123. A plane EM wave traveling in lossless dielectric medium described with an instantaneous

expression for electric field E(y, t) = ˆ

axE10 cos(t − y) + ˆ
azE20 cos(t − y) is

A. Linearly polarized B. Circularly polarized

C. Elliptically polarized D. Un- polarized
Ans. A
Sol. Given,

E(y, t) = ˆ
axE10 cos(t − y) + ˆ
azE20 cos(t − y)

The time phase difference between Ex and Ey is 0°.

Therefore, the wave is linearly polarized.
124. A standard television picture is composed of approximately 300000 basic picture
elements. Each of these elements can assume 10 distinguishable brightness levels with
equal probability. The information content of a television picture frame is ______ k bits.
A. 512 B. 996
C. 1000 D. 1024
Ans. B
Sol. Information/element = log210 = 3.32 bits
Thus, Information/picture frame
= 3.32 × 300000
= 9.96 × 105 bits
= 996 k bits
125. A microwave cooker operates at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. A food item
with  = 10S / m and r = 15 has loss tangent of

A. 0.49 B. 4.9
C. 49 D. 490
Ans. B

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Sol. Given,
Frequency, f = 2.45 GHz
s
Conductivity,  = 10 , r = 15
m

 10  10−9 
= = 4.89  Since 0 = 
 10 −9
 36 
2  2.45  109   15
36
126. In a binary digital communication system, bit 0 occurs with probability of 1/10, bit 1
occurs with probability of 9/10, bit 0 represented with –1mV, bit-1 represented with +1
mV. Find bit energy (J), if bit has a duration of 1 μ sec.
A. 10–12 B. 10–6
C. 1 D. 5×10–6
Ans. A
Sol. Tb = 10–6
1 9 10−6 9
( ) ( )
2 2
Power = E(X2) = xi2P ( X = xi ) = −10−3 + 10−3 = + 10−6 = 10−6
i 10 10 10 10
Eb = P × Tb = 10–6 × 10–6 = 1 × 10–12 J
127. A moving coil of a meter has 400 turns and a length and depth of 20 mm and 20 mm
respectively. It is positioned in a uniform radial flux density of 200 mT. The coil carries a
full scale current of 25 mA. The torque on the coil is______ and sensitivity is _____.
A. 800 μNm, 40 Ω/V B. 800 μNm, 25 Ω/V
C. 200 μNm, 100 Ω/V D. 800 μNm, 1 Ω/V
Ans. A

Sol. T = NBIA = 400  200  10−3  20  20  10−6  25  10−3 Nm

T = 800 μNm
1 1
Sensitivity = = = 40Ω / V
Ifs 25  10−3

128. What is the total electric flux through the surface of a sphere that has a radius of 1 m and
carries a charge of 1 μC at its centre? Coulomb constant is given
1
by k e = = 8.99  109 N − m2 / C2 ; ∈0 is the permittivity of free space.
4 0

A. 0.28 × 105 N.m2 B. 1.13 × 105 N.m2

C. 3.98 × 103 N/C D. 8.99 × 103 N.m2/C
Ans. B
Sol. Total electric flux through the sphere is given by
q
=
o

10−6 10−6
= = −12
= 0.113  106 = 1.13  105
0 8.85  10

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x 
129. An electrostatic field is given by E =  + 2y  ˆi + 2xjV
ˆ / m . Find the work done in moving a
2 
point charge Q = - 20 μC from the origin to (4, 0, 0)m. ( î, ĵ) are the unit vectors along x,
y axes.
A. 40 μJ B. 80 J
C. 80 μJ D. 40 kJ
Ans. C
Sol. An electrostatic field is given as
x 
E =  + 2y  ˆi + 2xj
ˆ V /m
2 
The work done in moving a point charge Q = −20C from the origin to point (4, 0, 0)
W = V.Q
V = −  E  dl
As y ordinate doesn’t changes along the path therefore y = 0, then dy = 0
Putting y = 0 in Electric Field and integrating wrt to x,
4
1 1 4 1
V = − xdx = − x2  = − [16] = −4V
0
2 4 0 4
W = −4  −20
W = 80J
130. As the Fermi energy of silver is 8.8 × 10–19 J, the velocity of the fastest electron in silver
at 0°K (Given: Rest mass of electron = 9.1 × 10–31 kg) is
A. 3.33 × 105 m/s B. 1.39 × 106 m/s
C. 4.40 × 107 m/s D. 3 × 108 m/s
Ans. B
1
Sol. mv2 = E
2
2E
or v2 =
m
2E
or v =
m

2  8.8  10−19
= = 1.39  106 m / s
9.1  10−31
131. Consider the following op-amp circuit.
What is the output voltage VO in the above op-amp circuit.

A. 10V B. –10V
C. 12V D. –12V

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Ans. B
 −1000   1000  1000 
Sol. V0 = 4   + 2  1000 + 200  1 + 200 
 200    

 10 
V0 = 4(−5) +  2  (1 + 5)
 12 

10
V0 = −20 + 6
6
V0 = −20 + 10 = −10V

132. The propagation constant of a transmission line with impedance and admittance of 16 and
25 respectively is
A. 4 B. 5
C. 20 D. 1.25
Ans. C

Sol. = ZY

= 16  25
 = 20 units

133. A speed signal, band limited to 8 kHz and peak voltage varying between +5 V and 5 - V,
is sampled at the Nyquist rate. Each sample is quantized and represented by 8 bits. Using
bipolar pulses the bits 0 and 1 are transmitted, the minimum bandwidth required for
distortion free transmission is
A. 32KHz B. 64KHz
C. 128KHz D. 16KHz
Ans. C
Sol. Fm = 8 KHz
Fs = 2Fm = 16KHz
Bit Rate, Rb = nfs =8x16 = 128KHz
134. Figure shows the RC circuit and the voltage V(t) is applied. Determine the energy
absorbed by the circuit (2Ω, 4F) up to first 5 sec.

A. 18 J B. 31.5 J
C. 27J D. 13.5
Ans. B
Sol. Energy absorbed by the circuit (2Ω, 4F) up to first 5 sec
Eabs = ER1 + ER2 + EC
3 3 3
v2 (t) (t)2
ER1 =  Pdt =  dt =  = 4.5J
0 0
R 0
2

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5
32 9
ER2 =  Pdt = 3 2  dt = 2  2 = 9J
1 1
EC =  CV2 =  4  32 = 18J
2 2

Eabs = 31.5J

135. If capacitor is energized by a symmetrical square wave current source, then the steady

state voltage across the capacitor will be

A. Step function B. Impulse function

C. Square wave D. Triangular wave

Ans. D

Sol.

dVC
Ic = C , current across capacitor
dt

1
∴ Vc =  I dt
C c

∴ Ic = square wave nature

Vc = Triangular wave nature

136. A carrier is phase modulated (PM) with frequency deviation of 10 kHz by a single tone

frequency of 1 kHz. If the signal tone frequency is increased to 2 kHz, assuming that

phase deviation remains unchanged, the bandwidth of the PM signal is

A. 21 kHz B. 22 kHz

C. 44 kHz D. 42 kHz

Ans. C

Sol. Frequency deviation = 10 kHz,

fm = 1 kHz

2(fm + Df)

Bandwidth = 22 kHz

2(10 + 1) = 22 kHz

fm is doubled

Hence 22 × 2 = 44 kHz bandwidth

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137. The width of Hysteresis curve of Schmitt trigger shown below will be:

A. 14V B. 2V
C. –2V D. –14V
Ans. A
Sol. If Vo = +12 = +Vsat
R
V+ = VuT = 12  (D2 Forward biased)
R2 + R

0.5
= 12  = 6V
0.5 + 0.5
If Vo = –12 = –Vsat
R 0.5
V − = + VLT = −12  = −12  = −8V
R1 + R 0.5 + 0.25

Width of Hysteresis = VuT – VLT = 6 – (–8) = 14V

138. The Boolean expression (A + B)(A + C)(B + C) simplifies to

A. C(A + B) B. C(A + B)

C. C(A + B) D. C(A + B)

Ans. A

Sol. (A + B)(A + C)(B + C) = (AA + AB + AC + BC)(B + C)

= (AB + AC + BC)(B + C)

= ABB + ABC + BBC + ABC + ACC + BCC

= ABC + ABC + BC + AC

= AC(1 + B) + BC(1 + A)

= AC + BC

= C(A + B)

139. An angle modulated signal is expressed by x(t) = cos[2π × 106t + 6 sin (2π × 10 3)t]
The frequency deviation of the carrier is
A. 3 KHz B. 6 KHz
C. 12 KHz D. 24 KHz
Ans. B

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Sol. fi = dθi/dt
fi = 106 + 6000 cos(2000 πt)
Δf = frequency deviation = 6000 Hz = 6 KHz
Δf = fi − fc max

140. To measure insulation resistance of equipments of voltage rating upto 440 V the megger
generator must generate
A. 220 V B. 440 V
C. 500 V D. None of these
Ans. C
Sol. To measure insulation resistance of equipment’s of voltage rating up to 440 V the megger
generator must generate the voltage more than the voltage rating of equipment. Hence
the answer should be 500 V.
141. In a 4-bit serial in-parallel out right shift register shown in figure below. After four clock
pulses are applied the content of the shift register will be

A. 1011 B. 1010
C. 1101 D. 0101
Ans. C
Sol. At pulse 1 Input: 0 1 1 0
Output: 1 0 1 1
At pulse 2 Input: 1 0 1 1
Output: 0 1 0 1
At pulse 3 Input: 0 1 0 1
Output: 1 0 1 0
At pulse 4 Input: 1 0 1 0
Output: 1 1 0 1
142. The unit step response of a system is
[1–e-t (1+t)] u(t). What is the nature of the system in turn of stability?
A. Unstable B. Stable
C. Critically stable D. Oscillatory
Ans. B
Sol. Impulse response =d/dt (step response)
= d/dt [1 – e-t (1+t)]
Impulse response = te-t
L.T. of impulse response = T.F.
1
 T.F. =
(s + 1)2

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1 + G(s)H(S) = 0
1
1+ =0
(s + 1)2

∴ s2 + 1 + 2s + 1 = 0

s2 + 2s + 2 = 0
∴ s = (-1 + i) and (-1 – i)

∴ It has two roots on left half of s-plane.

Hence, the system is absolutely stable.

143. Which one of the following is the CORRECT expression for voltmeter sensitivity of PMMC
type instruments?
Rm + R s R mR s
A. B.
V V
Rm + R s R mR s
C. 2
D.
V V2
Ans. A
Sol. The expression for the voltage sensitivity for the PMMC type instruments is
R m + R sh
S=
V
144. A 500 W discharge lamp takes a current of 4 A at unity p.f. Find the inductance of a
choke required to enable the lamp to work on 250 V, 50 Hz mains.
A. 1.72 mH B. 17.2 mH
C. 0.172 H D. 0.172 mH
Ans. C
Sol. Given that: P = 500 W, I = 4 A, V = 250 V, f = 50 Hz, p.f. = 1
P 500
R= = = 31.25Ω
I2 (4)2

V 250
Z= = = 62.5Ω
I 4

XL = Z2 − R2 = 54.125Ω

XL X 54.125
L = = L = = 0.1732H
 2f 2    50
145. The state-variable formulation of a system is
X = Ax + Bu; y = [1 0]x
 −3 1  2
Where, A =   ,B =  
 0 −2 1 
The system transformation would be
s+2 2s + 5
A. 2
B. 2
s + 5s + 6 s + 5s + 6
2s − 5 s +1
C. D.
s2 + 5s − 6 s2 + 5s + 6

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Ans. B
Y(s)
Sol. = C(sI − A)−1  B + D
V(s)

s + 3 −1 
[sI − A] =  
 0 s + 2

1 s + 2 1 
[sI − A]−1 =  
(s + 2)(s + 3  0 s + 3

Y(s) 1 s + 2 1  2
= [10]    
U(s) (s + 2)(s + 3  0 s + 3 1 

1 2s + 5
= [1 0] X  
(s + 2)(s + 3  s + 3 

2s + 5
=
(s + 2)(s + 3)

146. Two coupled coils with L1 = 0.5 H and L2 = 4.0 H have a co-efficient of coupling 0.8. Find

maximum value of the induced EMF in the coil 2 if a current of is passed

in coil 1.
A. 22.6 V B. 444 V
C. 7.1 kV D. 355 V
Ans. C
Sol. Given that: L1 = 0.5 H, L2 = 4 H, K = 0.8, I = 20 sin(314t)
The induced emf in coil 2 due to current in coil 1 is given by:
di1
V2 = M
dt

M = k L1L2 = 0.8 0.5  8 = 1.13H

d
V2 = 1.13 (20 sin314t) = 1.13  20  314  cos(314t)
dt
The maximum value of V2 = 1.13 x 20 x 314 = 7.1 kV.
147. The RMS value of the period waveform e(t) shown in figure:

A. 5.7 B. 9.6
C. 10 D. 8.165
Ans. D
Sol. Period of the waveform is T–4
 5t, 0  t  2
e(t) = 
−10,2  t  4

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RMS value is:

t
1
T 0
Erms = e2dt

1 
2 4

  (5t) dt+  (−10) dt 

2 2
=
4 0 2 
2 4
1 t3 
= 25   + 100t 
4 3 0 2

1  200 
=  + 200  = 8.165
4 3 

148. Two coils having self-inductance of 3 H and 2 H, respectively, have mutual inductance of
2 H. They are connected in series and carry a current of 4 A. Calculate the energy of the
magnetic field when the self and mutual fluxes are in the same direction.
A. 36 J B. 72 J
C. 144 J D. 8 J
Ans. B
Sol.

Leq = L1 + L2 + 2M = 5 + 4 = 9
1 2 1
Energy = Li =  9  (4)2 = 72 J.
2 2
149. A signal x(t)= 100t for t< 0.1 sec was sampled at a frequency 40 Hz to get the discrete
time signal x(n). Z transform of x(n) is
A. 5z-2+10z-4 B. 2.5+5z-1+7.5z-2+10z-3
C. 2.5 z-1+5z-2+7.5z-3+10z-4 D. 2.5 z1+5+7.5z-1+10z-2
Ans. C
Sol.

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150. An analog voltage signal whose higher significant frequency is 1 kHz is to be digitally
coded with a resolution of 0.01% covering the voltage range up to volts. To avoid loss of
information, the minimum number of bits in the digital code should be:
A. 2 B. 14
C. 4 D. 8
Ans. B
1
Sol. n
 100  % resolution
2 −1
1 0.01

2n − 1 100
N = 14 bits will satisfy the above equation

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