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Paper / Subject Code: 32622 / Thermal Enginnering

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1T01435 - T.E.(Mechanical) Engineering)(SEM-V)(Choice Base Credit Grading System ) ((R-20-21) (C Scheme) / 32622 -

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Thermal Enginnering

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Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 80

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QP CODE:10013275 DATE:24/11/2022

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Note: 1. Assume suitable data if necessary

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2. Figures to the right indicate full marks

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3. Question No. 1 is compulsory

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4. Solve any three out of the remaining five questions

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Q1. Solve any four

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A Derive an expression for the critical radius of insulation for the sphere.

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B State Fourier and Biot numbers? Also explain the significance of these numbers. 5

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C Draw a boiling curve and identify the different boiling regimes. Explain each regime 5

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in brief.
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State and explain Fick’s Law of diffusion. B8
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E Explain the valve timing diagram for four-stroke SI engines. 5

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F Explain EURO and BHARAT norms. 5
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A A Cylindrical tank of 1.0 m diameter and 5 m total length has hemispherical ends. It 10

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contains liquid oxygen, which has a boiling point and heat of vaporization of -180 °C
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and 210 kJ/kg, respectively. It is required to insulate the tank so as to reduce the boil-
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off rate of oxygen in a steady state to 14 kg/h. Determine the thermal conductivity of
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the insulating material if its maximum thickness is limited to 70 mm. Assume room
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temperature outside the insulation as 25 °C. 8
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B During the trial of a single-cylinder, four-stroke oil engine, the following 8
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results were obtained.
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Cylinder diameter 20 cm.

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Stroke 40 cm
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Mean effective pressure 6 bar

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Torque 407 Nm
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Speed 250 rpm

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Oil consumption 4 kg/h

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Calorific value of fuel 43 MJ/kg

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Cooling water flow rate 4.5 kg/min

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Air used per kg of fuel 30 kg

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Rise in cooling water temperature 45 °C

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Temperature of exhaust gases 420 °C

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Room Temperature 20 °C
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Mean specific heat of exhaust gas 1kJ/kg K

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Specific heat of water 4.18 kJ/kg K

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Find the IP, BP and draw up a heat balance sheet for the test in kJ/h.
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Discuss the electrical analogy of combined heat conduction and convection in two- 5
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layer composite wall.

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B A steel ball 50 mm in diameter and at 900 °C is placed in a still atmosphere of 30 °C. 5

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Calculate the initial rate of cooling of the ball in °C per min.

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C Explain with neat sketch stages of combustion of the CI engine. 10

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13275 Page 1 of 2
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Paper / Subject Code: 32622 / Thermal Enginnering

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A A steel rod (k = 32 W/m°C), 12 mm in diameter and 60 mm long, with an insulated 10

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end, is to be used as a spine. It is exposed to surroundings with a temperature of 60°C

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and a heat transfer coefficient of 55 W/m²°C. The temperature at the base of fin is

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95°C. Determine:

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(i) The fin efficiency.

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(ii) The temperature at the edge of the spine.

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(iii) The heat dissipation.

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State and explain kirchoff’s law.

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C With suitable example/ values prove that during the load test of an engine, increases 5

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in the load increases the mechanical efficiency of the engine.

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A A counter-flow double pipe heat exchanger using superheated steam is used to heat 10

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water at the rate of 10500 kg/h. The steam enters the heat exchanger at 180°C and

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leaves at 130°C. The inlet and exit temperatures of water are 30°C and 80°C,
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respectively. If the overall heat transfer coefficient from steam to water is 814
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W/m2°C, calculate the heat transfer area. What would be the increase in the area if the

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fluid flows were parallel?

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B A 4-stroke motorcycle petrol engine cylinder consists of 15 hollow fins. If the outside 5
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and inside diameters of each fin are 200 mm and 100 mm, respectively, the average

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fin surface temperature is 475°C, and the atmospheric air temperature is 25°C,

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calculate the heat transfer rate from the fins When the motor cycle is running at a

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speed of 60 km/h. The fin may be idealised as a single horizontal flat plate of the
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same area.
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Assume characteristic length is 0.9 times the outside diameter.

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The thermophysical properties of air at 250 °C are

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k = 4.266 x 10-2 W/m °C, ν = 40.61 x 10-6 m2/s, Pr = 0.677

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A Explain with a neat sketch working of the battery ignition system. 5

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B Explain the Fouling of Heat Exchangers. 5

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C Calculate the heat transfer from a 60W incandescent bulb at 115°C to ambient air at 5
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25°C. Assume the bulb is a sphere of 50 mm in diameter. Also, find the percentage of
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power lost by free convection.

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The correlation is given by: Nu = 0.60 (Gr.Pr)1/4

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The thermophysical properties of air at 70 °C are

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k = 2.964 x 10-2 W/m °C, ν= 20.02 x 10-6 m2/s Pr = 0.694

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D Write down the general heat conduction equation in cartesian coordinates. State the
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assumptions and get the Fourier, Poisson’s and Laplace equations from it.
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