MBB HELICOPTERS

MAINTENANCE MANUAL MBB - B0 105

846 STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM (SAS)

Table of Contents

Paragraph Title Page

846 - 1 DESCRIPTION - STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM .... . . .. . 3
846 - 2 TROUBLESHOOTING - STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM . . . . .
846 - 3 INSPECTION SCHEDULE - STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM ..
846 - 4 INSPECTION FOR CONDITION - STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM
846 - 5 FUNCTIONAL CHECK - .
STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM ..
846 - 6 Removal - Actuator control rods . . . . . . . . . . . . .
846 - 7 Inspection and repair - Actuator control rods . . . ..
846 - 8 Installation - Actuator control rods . . . . . . . . ..
846 - 9 Adjustment - Electrical Zero of actuators . . . . . ..
846 - 10 Inflight check of stability augmentation system . . . ..

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846 - 1 DESCRIPTION - STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM

1. General

The SAS system provides h e l i c o p t e r a t t i t u d e c o n t r o l i n t h e p i t c h and r o l l

axes. I t reduces p i l o t workload i n c r u i s i n g f l i g h t , e . g . , IFR f l i g h t s
without c o p i l o t .
2. Description

1 c o n t r o l u n i t 28VE w i t h
- c i r c u i t breaker 1CA
- STDBYIOFF t o g g i e s w i t c h 2CA
- PITCH S T D B Y ~ O Np u s h b u t t o n / i n d i c a t o r 4CA
- ROLL S T D B Y ~ O Np u s h b u t t o n / i n d i c a t o r 5CA

1 b a s e p l a t e 29VE c o n t a i n i n g
- gyro a m p l i f i e r 8CA (ROLL a x i s )
- gyro a m p l i f i e r 9CA (PITCH a x i s )
- s t a t i c i n v e r t e r 6CA
- d i s t r i b u t o r 130W
1 c o n t r o l rod and a c t u a t o r l l C A ( p i t c h a x i s )
1 c o n t r o l rod and a c t u a t o r lOCA ( r o l l a x i s )
1 s w i t c h 7CA on each c y c l i c s t i c k

3 . Operation

The s t a b i l i t y aiigmentation system i s s u p p l i e d with 28VDC from main bus

PP21 o r emergency bus PP20 and i s p r o t e c t e d by c i r c u i t b r e a k e r 1CA.
When t o g g l e switch STDBYIOFF i s moved t o STDBY, t h e SAS system i s
e n e r g i z e d and t h e r a t e gyro commences run-up. A t t h e Same time, t h e orange
PITCH STDBY and ROLL STDBY c a p t i o n s come On. The SAS system w i l l be
o p e r a t i o n a l approximately t e n seconds a f t e r t h e ROLL STDBYION and PITCH
STDBYION p u s h b u t t o n / i n d i c a t o r s a r e p r e s s e d and w i l l t h e n h o l d t h e e x i s t i n g
r o l l and p i t c h a t t i t u d e s of t h e h e l i c o p t e r . Simultaneously, t h e orange
ROLL STDBY and PITCH STDBY c a p t i o n s w i l l go o u t and t h e green ROLL ON and
PITCH ON c a p t i o n s w i l l come On.

When t h e p i l o t r s o r c o p i l o t ' s cyclic-mounted cut-off s w i t c h 7CA i s

p r e s s e d , t h e SAS system w i l l become disengaged; t h e r a t e gyro w i l l
continue t o operate.

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The SAS system uses r a t e gyros a s a x i s r a t e Sensors and t r a n s i s t o r i z e d

minicomputers f o r processing incoming s i g n a l s . The r o l l and p i t c h channels
each use t h e i r own r a t e gyro and computer which a r e housed t o g e t h e r i n t h e
gyro a m p l i f i e r u n i t .

The p i t c h and r o l l r a t e gyros sense h e l i c o p t e r motion and transmit

corresponding output s i g n a l s which a r e a p p l i e d t o t h e r e s p e c t i v e a c t u a t o r
d r i v i n g a m p l i f i e r s a s d i r e c t s i g n a l s and p a r t i a l l y i n t e g r a t e d s i g n a l s .
These s i g n a l s , t o g e t h e r with t h e corresponding a c t u a t o r p o s i t i o n and r a t e
inputs, a r e summed and t h e r e s u l t i n g a m p l i f i e r output s i g n a l s produce
proportional l i n e a r movement of t h e connected a c t u a t o r s .

The extension and r e t r a c t i o n of t h e a c t u a t o r rams produce p i t c h and

c o n t r o l motions which c o r r e c t t h e a t t i t u d e d e v i a t i o n s sensed by t h e r a t e
gyros .

846 - 2 TROUBLESHOOTING - STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM

General
- Troubleshoot i n conjunction with t h e a p p l i c a b l e wiring diagram i n t h e
Wiring Diagram Manual (WDM) .
- Inspect a l l a s s o c i a t e d e l e c t r i c a l connections f o r s e c u r i t y and t i g h t f i t .
- Inspect a l l a s s o c i a t e d switches and c i r c u i t breakers f o r proper mechanical
functioning.

- Engage e x t e r n a l power supply (EPU) .

- Press c i r c u i t breaker 1CA.

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TROUBLESHOOTING (continued)

No. TROUBLE SYMPTOM PROBABLE CAUSE CORRECTIVE ACTION

1 ROLL STDBY caption Defective roll rate Replace roll rate

does not illuminate gyro amplifier 8CA. gyro amplifier 8CA.
when toggle switch
2CA is in STDBY.
Defective control Check continuity of
unit 28VE. wiring using wiring
diagram.
Dummy plug replacing Insert dummy plug.
second cyclic stick
not connected.
Defective base plate Check continuity of
with gyro amplifier wiring using wiring
29VE. diagram.
Defective interconnecting Check continuity of
cable between control wiring using wiring
unit 28VE and base diagram.
plate with gyro
arnplifier 29VE.
2 ROLL ON caption does Defective roll rate Replace roll rate
not illuminate when gyro amplifier 8CA. gyro amplifier 8CA.
pushbutton/indicator
ROLL ON is
pressed with toggle
switch 2CA in
STDBY
Defective control Check continuity of
unit 28VE. wiring using wiring
diagram.
Dummy plug replacing Insert durnrny plug.
second cyclic stick
not connected.
Defective base plate Check continuity of
with gyro amplifier wiring using wiring
29VE. diagram.

Table 806-1 Troubleshooting (1 of 3)

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TROUBLESHOOTING (cont inued)

No. TROUBLE SYMPTOM PROBABLE CAUSE CORRECTIVE ACTION

Defective interconnec- Check c o n t i n u i t y

t i n g c a b l e between of w i r i n g u s i n g
c o n t r o l u n i t 28VE w i r i n g diagram.
and b a s e p l a t e w i t h
a m p l i f i e r 29VE.
3 No i n f l i g h t r o l l Defective r o l l Replace gyro a m p l i f i e r
a t t i t u d e control r a t e gyro a m p l i f i e r 8CA.
by r o l l a c t u a t o r 8CA.
D e f e c t i v e base p l a t e Check c o n t i n u i t y of
with g y r o a m p l i f i e r wiring using wiring
29VE. diagram.
Defective interconnec- Check c o n t i n u i t y of
t i n g c a b l e between wiring using wiring
c o n t r o l u n i t 28VE diagram.
and b a s e p l a t e w i t h
gyro a m p l i f i e r 29VE.
Defective actuator Replace a c t u a t o r
( p o s i t i o n o r r a t e of and c o n t r o l rod
change of p o s i t i o n assembly .
transmitters)
4 PITCH STDBY c a p t i o n Defective pitch r a t e Replace gyro
does n o t i l l u m i n a t e gyro a m p l i f i e r 9CA. a m p l i f i e r 9CA.
with t o g g l e s w i t c h
2CA i n STDBY

Defective control u n i t Check c o n t i n u i t y

28VE. of w i r i n g u s i n g
w i r i n g diagram.

Dummy p l u g r e p l a c i n g I n s e r t dummy
second c y c l i c s t i c k ~ 1 ~ 9 .
n o t connected .
D e f e c t i v e base p l a t e Check c o n t i n u i t y of
with gyro a m p l i f i e r wiring using wiring
2 9VE. diagram.

Table 846-1 Troubleshooting ( 2 of 3 )

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TROUBLESHOOTING (continued)

No. TROUBLE SYMPTOM PROBABLE CAUSE CORRECTIVE ACTION

PITCH ON caption Defective pitch rate Replace gyro amplifier

does not illuminate gyro amplifier 9CA. 9CA.
when pushbutton/
indicator PITCH
ON is pressed
with toggle switch
2CA in STDBY Defective control unit Check continuity of
28VE. wiring using wiring
diagram.
Dummy plug replacing Insert dummy plug.
second cyclic stick not
connected.
Defective base plate Check continuity of
with gyro amplifier wiring using wiring
29VE. diagram.
Defective interconnec- Check continuity
ting cable between of wiring using wiring
control unit 28VE and diagram.
base plate with gyro
amplifier 29VE.
6 No inflight pitch Defective pitch rate Replace gyro amplifier
attitude control by gyro amplifier 9CA. 9CA.
pitch actuator
Defective actuator Replace actuator
(position or rate of and control rod
change'of position assernbly .
transmitters).
Defective base plate Check continuity
with gyro amplifier of wiring using wiring
29VE. diagram.
Defective interconnec- Check continuity
ting cable between of wiring using wiring
control unit 28VE and diagram.
base plate with gyro
amplifier 29VE.

Table 846-1 Troubleshooting (3 of 3)

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1 846 - 3 INSPECTION SCHEDULE (referto Chapter 101)

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846 - 4 INSPECTION FOR CONDITION - STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM
1. I n s p e c t a c t u a t o r c o n t r o l rods:

a. I n s p e c t t u b u l a r s u r f a c e of c o n t r o l r o d s f o r c o n d i t i o n . Discard b e n t
c o n t r o l r o d s . P o l i s h o u t s c r a t c h e s , n i c k s , c h a f e marks 'and c o r r o s i o n .
Refer t o Chapter 4 1 f o r damage and r e p a i r l i m i t s .

b. Touch up damaged s u r f a c e p r o t e c t i o n a c c o r d i n g t o Chapter 02, u s i n g

two-component z i n c chromate primer (CM 456) and two-component PUR
t o p c o a t (CM 426) .

C. I n s p e c t r o d end s p h e r i c a l b e a r i n g s f o r c o r r o s i o n , roughness and p l a y

(movement of t h e c o n t r o l r o d s about t h e l o n g i t u d i n a l a x i s must s t i l l
be p o s s i b l e by h a n d ) . I f t h e r e i s r a d i a l p l a y i n e x c e s s of 0.1 mm,
roughness o r c o r r o s i o n , r e p l a c e rod ends with s p h e r i c a l b e a r i n g s .

d. Check rod ends f o r c o n d i t i o n of s e a l . I f s e a l i s damaged o r missing,

disassemble, i n s p e c t , reassemble and a p p l y new s e a l , u s i n g s i l i c o n e
rubber (CM 612), according t o Chapter 41.

e. I n s p e c t s e a l i n g boot on upper c o n t r o l tube-to-rod end connection f o r

damage and p o r o s i t y ; r e p l a c e damaged p a r t .

2 . I n s p e c t t o p and bottom a t t a c h i n g hardware f o r t i g h t n e s s . Where c o t t e r p i n s

a r e missing, check f o r s p e c i f i e d t i g h t e n i n g t o r q u e (see f i g . 846-3) and
t i g h t e n a s n e c e s s a r y . Secure with c o t t e r p i n s .

3 . I n s p e c t base p l a t e with gyro a m p l i f i e r s f o r s e c u r i t y of i n s t a l l a t i o n ;

t i g h t e n l o o s e screws.
4 . I n s p e c t connectors and l e a d s f o r c o n d i t i o n and s e c u r i t y .

846 - 5 FUNCTIONAL CHECK - STABILITY AUGMENTATION SYSTEM

CAUTION THE SAS MUSS REblAIN SWITCHED OFF AT OATS BELOW -35 'C.

1. Press SAS c i r c u i t b r e a k e r .

2 . S e l e c t t o g g l e switch STDBYIOFF t o STDBY. ROLL STDBY and PITCH STDBY

c a p t i o n s must be i l l u m i n a t e .
3 . Allow r a t e gyro t o run up f o r a t l e a s t 10 seconds, t h e n p r e s s t h e ROLL ON
a n d l o r PITCH ON pushbutton i n d i c a t o r ( s ) . The corresponding STDBY and ON
c a p t i o n s must go o f f and come on, r e s p e c t i v e l y .
4 . P r e s s p i l o t ' s and c o p i l o t f s cyclic-mounted SAS c u t - o f f switches i n t u r n .
The p i t c h and r o l l channels s h a l l simultaneously disengage from t h e ON
mode t o t h e STDBY mode, c a u s i n g t h e ON c a p t i o n s t o go o f f and t h e STDBY
c a p t i o n s t o come On.

5 . Turn o f f t h e SAS system by s e l e c t i n g t o g g l e s w i t c h STDBYIOFF t o OFF ( a l l

c a p t i o n s go o f f ) and p u l 1 SAS c i r c u i t ' b r e a k e r .
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846 - 6 Removal - Actuator c o n t r o l rods

NOTE The removal procedure f o r both a c t u a t o r and c o n t r o l rod

assemblies i s i d e n t i c a l .

1. Remove l e f t engine cowling and l e f t cargo compartment f a i r i n g s t o t h e

e x t e n t required.
2 . Disconnect e l e c t r i c a l connectors from base p l a t e (3, f i g . 846-3) .
3. Remove c o n t r o l rod a t t a c h i n g hardware and remove a c t u a t o r and c o n t r o l rod
assembly .

846 - 7 Inspection and r e p a i r - Acutator c o n t r o l rods

1. Disassemble c o n t r o l rod assembly a s described i n Chapter 4 1 .

2 . Inspect c o n t r o l rods f o r condition. Refer t o Chapter 41 f o r damage and

repair l i m i t s .

846 - 8 Installation - Actuator c o n t r o l rods

NOTE The i n s t a l l a t i o n procedure i s i d e n t i c a l f o r both a c t u a t o r and

c o n t r o l rod assemblies. L a t e r a l c o n t r o l i s color-coded BLUE
Longitudinal c o n t r o l i s color-coded RED.

1. When i n s t a l l i n g t h e c o n t r o l rod, check e l e c t r i c a l Zero p o s i t i o n a s

f ollows :
a. Connect e l e c t r i c a l connector of c o n t r o l rod t o receptacle i n base
p l a t e (3, f i g . 846-3).
b. Press c i r c u i t breaker 1CA. Select toggle switch STDBYIOFF ( 9 , f i g .
846-1) t o STDBY.
C. The a c t u a t o r must be a t i t s e l e c t r i c a l Zero p o s i t i o n a f t e r 5 minutes
have elapsed.
d. Measure dimension L 4 w i t h an i n t e r n a l micrometer. I f t h i s dimension
does not correspond with t h e value s p e c i f i e d i n t h e t a b l e ( f i g .
846-4), t h e Zero p o s i t i o n i s wrong and must be adjusted according t o
Para 846-9.
2 . Disconnect e l e c t r i c a l connector from base p l a t e .

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3. Assemble c o n t r o l rod s o t h a t dimension L2 i s i d e n t i c a l t o t h e dimension

L2 recorded a t disassembly:
a. Remove lockwire from n u t (2, f i g . 846-4) of c o n t r o l rod, back o f f
n u t and disengage s e r r a t e d washers ( 3 ) from groove i n a c t u a t o r ram.
b. R o t a t e r o d end (1) u n t i l dimension L2 i s o b t a i n e d . Align r o d ends
90' a p a r t .
C. F i t s e r r a t e d washers ( 3 ) i n groove and t i g h t e n n u t ( 2 ) . I n s t a l l
lockwire .

4. Locate c o n t r o l rod i n p o s i t i o n with t h e a c t u a t o r a t t h e bottom.

5. Connect upper rod end t o upper b e l l c r a n k w i t h a t t a c h i n g hardware (4, 5
and 6, f i g . 846-3). S a f e n u t with c o t t e r p i n ( 7 ) .
6. Connect bottom rod end t o lower b e l l c r a n k with a t t a c h i n g hardware (8, 10
and 11). Safe n u t w i t h c o t t e r p i n ( 9 ) .
7. Connect e l e c t r i c a l connector t o b a s e p l a t e .
8. Take c a r e t h a t c a b l e does n o t f o u l any moving p a r t s .
9. Check r i g g i n g of main r o t o r c o n t r o l s ( r e f e r t o Chapter 1 0 2 ) .
10. I n s t a l l engine cowling and cargo compartment f a i r i n g s .
11. Perform i n f l i g h t check of SAS system i n accordance with Para 846-10.

846 - 9 Adjustment - E l e c t r i c a l Zero of a c t u a t o r s

1. Zero adjustment i n STBDY mode

a. Measure and r e c o r d dimension L4 ( f i g . 846-4).

b. Switch o f f SAS system and remove a p p l i c a b l e gyro a m p l i f i e r . Open t h e
box housing t h e gyro a m p l i f i e r by removing t h e seven screws s e c u r i n g
t h e Cover.
C. C a l c u l a t e d i f f e r e n c e between t h e a c t u a l L4 dimension and t h e
s p e c i f i e d L4 dimension of 27.48 rnm. This d i f f e r e n c e d i v i d e d by 0.18
i s t h e number of times t h e a d j u s t i n g screw on t h e potentiometer R50
must be t u r n e d t o o b t a i n e l e c t r i c a l Zero.
Pitch axis actuator
- To reduce dimension L4:
Turn p o t e n t i o m e t e r a d j u s t i n g screw clockwise.
- To i n c r e a s e dimension L4:
Turn p o t e n t iometer a d j u s t i n g screw counterclockwise .

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2) Roll axis actuator

- To reduce dimension L4:
Turn potentiometer adjusting screw counterclockwise.
- To increase dimension L4:
Turn potentiometer adjusting screw clockwise.

d. After adjusting the potentiometer, reinstall cover on gyro amplifier box with two screws and connect the
32-pin connector.

e. After allowing 5 minutes to elapse in the STDBY mode, measure and record dimension L4 again. If it is
between 27.15 mm and 27.85 mm, no further adjustrnent of the potentiometer R50 is required and,
provided that no adjustment of the ON-mode potentiometer is necessary, the cover can be replaced and
the gyro amplifier reinstalled in the helicopter.

2. Zero adjustment in ON-mode.

a. Engage the SAS system and, after allowing 5 minutes to elapse, measure and record dimension L4 (see
fig. 846-4).

b. Switch off the SAS system and remove the cover from the applicable gyro arnplifier by removing seven
screws.

C. Obtain electrical zero dimension L4 as follows:

I
1) Pitch axis actuator
The difference between the actual L4 dimension and the specified L4 dimension of 27.48 mm
divided by 0.66, is the number of times the adjusting screw of potentiometer R51 must be turned
to obtain electrical zero.
- To reduce dimension L4:
Turn potentiometer adjusting screw clockwise.
- To increase dimension L4:
Turn potentiometer adjusting screw counterclockwise.

2) Roll axis actuator

The difference between the actual L4 dimension and the specified L4 dirnension of 27.48 mrn
divided by 0.1 7, is the number of tirnes the adjusting screw of potentiorneter R51 must be turned
to obtain electrical zero
- To reduce dimension L4:
Turn potentiometer adjusting screw counterclockwise.
- To increase dimension L4:
Turn potentiometer adjusting screw clockwise.

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d. A f t e r a d j u s t i n g t h e potentiometer, r e i n s t a l l cover on gyro a m p l i f i e r

box with two screws and connect 32-pin connector.

e. A f t e r allowing 5 minutes t o e l a p s e i n t h e STDBY mode, measure and

r e c o r d L4 dimension a g a i n . I f it i s between 27.25 and 27.85, no
f u r t h e r adjustment of p o t e n t i o m e t e r R51 i s r e q u i r e d and t h e cover can
, be r e p l a c e d and t h e gyro a m p l i f i e r r e i n s t a l l e d i n t h e h e l i c o p t e r .

1 Pitch actuator 6 ROLL pushbutton/indi.cator 5CA

2 Roll actuator STDBY (orange) ON (green)
3 Base p l a t e with gyro 7 PITCH p u s h b u t t o n / i n d i c a t o r 4CA
a m p l i f i e r 29VE .STDBY (orange) ON (green)
4 Control u n i t 28VE 8 SAS C i r c u i t b r e a k e r 1CA
5 SAS cut-off s w i t c h 7CA 9 SAS OFFISTDBY t o g g l e switch 2CA

F i g . 846-1 S t a b i l i t y augrnentation system

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4 Connector 29VEA
1 R o l l gyro a m p l i f i e r 8CA 5 Connectors 29VEB and 29VEC
2 D i s t r i b u t o r 130W 6 Connectors 29VED and 29VEE
3 S t a t i c i n v e r t e r 6CA 7 P i t c h gyro a m p l i f i e r 9CA

F i g . 846-2 Base p l a t e

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DETAIL A

DETAIL B
I

1 Pitch actuator
2 Roll actuator
3 Base p l a t e
4 bolt
5 Washer
6 Nut
7 Cotter pin
8 Bolt
9 Cotter pin
10 Nut
11 Washer

F i g . 846-3 Removal and i n s t a l l a t i o n - a c t u a t o r and c o n t r o l rod assembly

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L1 L2 L3 L4 CONNECTOR
FUNCTION PART COLOR CODE

27.48 mmi0.35 L ~ ~ ~ 20. MB

FAS .
678 m m i 1 742 mm 2 0.5 32 mm ' 0 . 5 in D 133-1358 red
position Control 11CP
-

27.48 mm?0.35
=TB m m j mm 20.5
1 742 32 mm + 0.5 in
Lat, 20 MB
D 133-1359 blue
position Control 1lCR

1 Rod end 4 Actuator

2 Nut 5 C o n t r o l rod
3 S e r r a t e d washers

F i g . 846-4 Actuator and c o n t r o l r o d assembly

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Fig. 846-5 Gyro amplifier box with potentiometers R50, R51

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846 - 10 I n f l i g h t check of s t a b i l i t y augmentation system

NOTE o I n order t h a t t h e performance of t h e SAS system be t e s t e d under t h e

most favourable t e s t conditions i n f l i g h t , do not allow t h e
following forward CG limits t o be exceeded.
o Forward CG l i m i t : 2300 kg / 3.15 m
Each 100 kg decrease i n t h e 2200 kg / 3.16 m
gross mass i n c r e a s e s t h e arm 2100 kg / 3.17 m
by 1 cm, a s shown opposite. 2000 kg / 3.18 m
m = d i s t a n c e f rom datum 1900 kg / 3.19 m
1. D e t e d n e take-off mass and c e n t e r of g r a v i t y i n accordance with t h e
F l i g h t Manual.
2. Perform i n f l i g h t check between sea l e v e l and 5000 f e e t i n forward f l i g h t
a t 1 1 0 k t . ( I f 1 1 0 k t cannot be a t t a i n e d , perform i n f l i g h t check on 75%
torque .)
3. Check SAS system i n ON mode.
a. Rapidly pul1 c y c l i c s t i c k approx. 1 cm a f t and hold t h e r e f o r 1
second, then r e t u r n c y c l i c s t i c k t o i n i t i a l p o s i t i o n .
b. Fly "hands-offn f o r a s long a s p o s s i b l e up t o maximum 30 seconds.
C. Rapidly push c y c l i c s t i c k forward ( i n f l i g h t d i r e c t i o n ) and hold
t h e r e f o r 1 second, then r e t u r n c y c l i c s t i c k t o i n i t i a l p o s i t i o n .
4. Check SAS system i n STDBY mode.
a. Move c y c l i c s t i c k i n accordance with s t e p 3.a. t h r u C.

5. The SAS system i s f u n c t i o n i n g properly i f t h e time flown "hands-offn i s

s i g n i f i c a n t l y longer i n t h e ON mode t h a n i n t h e STDBY mode a f t e r c o n t r o l
i n p u t s a r e made.

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