Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 12 views

    Forces

    Uploaded by

    Matt Torres
    The document discusses Newton's laws of motion. It covers key concepts like kinematics, dynamics, Newton's three laws including inertia, acceleration, and action-reaction. It also discusses force, mass, weight, and how to draw and analyze free-body diagrams. The four main types of forces - normal, friction, tension, and weight - are defined. Newton's three laws, including the relationships between force, mass and acceleration are explained through equations and examples.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Forces

    Uploaded by

    Matt Torres
    12 views48 pages
    The document discusses Newton's laws of motion. It covers key concepts like kinematics, dynamics, Newton's three laws including inertia, acceleration, and action-reaction. It also discusses force, mass, weight, and how to draw and analyze free-body diagrams. The four main types of forces - normal, friction, tension, and weight - are defined. Newton's three laws, including the relationships between force, mass and acceleration are explained through equations and examples.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses Newton's laws of motion. It covers key concepts like kinematics, dynamics, Newton's three laws including inertia, acceleration, and action-reaction. It also discusses force, mass, weight, and how to draw and analyze free-body diagrams. The four main types of forces - normal, friction, tension, and weight - are defined. Newton's three laws, including the relationships between force, mass and acceleration are explained through equations and examples.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    12 views48 pages

    Forces

    Uploaded by

    Matt Torres
    The document discusses Newton's laws of motion. It covers key concepts like kinematics, dynamics, Newton's three laws including inertia, acceleration, and action-reaction. It also discusses force, mass, weight, and how to draw and analyze free-body diagrams. The four main types of forces - normal, friction, tension, and weight - are defined. Newton's three laws, including the relationships between force, mass and acceleration are explained through equations and examples.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 48

    BASPHYS

    • Kinematics – describe motion of an object


    • Dynamics – understand what causes the motion of the object
    • Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion
    • Law of Inertia
    • Law of Acceleration
    • Action – Reaction
    • Free-body Diagram
    • Applications
    What are some properties of a force?

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    There are four common types of forces:
    Normal

    • The normal force is a contact force.


    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.
    There are four common types of forces:
    Friction

    • Friction is a contact force.


    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.
    There are four common types of forces:
    Tension

    • Tension is a contact force.


    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.
    There are four common types of forces:
    Weight

    • Weight is a long-range force.


    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.
    Drawing force vectors
    • The figure shows a spring balance being used to measure a pull that we apply to a
    box.
    • We draw a vector to represent the applied force.
    • The length of the vector shows the magnitude; the longer the vector, the greater
    the force magnitude.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Superposition of forces

    • Several forces acting at a point on an object have the same effect


    as their vector sum acting at the same point.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Decomposing a force into its component
    vectors
    • Choose perpendicular x-
    and y-axes.
    • Fx and Fy are the
    components of a force
    along these axes.
    • Use trigonometry to find
    these force components.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Notation for the vector sum

    • The vector sum of all the


    forces on an object is
    called the resultant of
    the forces or the net
    force:

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Newton’s first law
    • When a body is either at rest or moving with constant velocity (in a
    straight line with constant speed), we say that the body is in
    equilibrium.
    • For a body to be in equilibrium, it must be acted on by no forces, or
    by several forces such that their vector sum—that is, the net force—is
    zero:

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    When is Newton’s first law valid?
    • Suppose you are in a bus that is traveling on a straight road and
    speeding up.
    • If you could stand in the aisle on roller skates, you would start moving
    backward relative to the bus as the bus gains speed.
    • It looks as though Newton’s first law is not obeyed; there is no net
    force acting on you, yet your velocity changes.
    • The bus is accelerating with respect to the earth and is not a suitable
    frame of reference for Newton’s first law.
    • A frame of reference in which Newton’s first law is valid is called an
    inertial frame of reference.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Force and acceleration
    • The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net
    force on the object.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Force and acceleration
    • The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net
    force on the object.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Force and acceleration
    • The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net
    force on the object.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Mass and acceleration
    • The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the object’s
    mass if the net force remains fixed.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Mass and acceleration
    • The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the object’s
    mass if the net force remains fixed.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Mass and acceleration
    • The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to the object’s
    mass if the net force remains fixed.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Newton’s second law of motion
    • The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force
    acting on it, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

    • The SI unit for force is the newton (N).


    1 N = 1 kg·m/s2

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Newton’s second law of motion
    Systems of units: Table 4.2
    • We will use the SI system.
    • In the British system, force is measured in pounds, distance in feet, and mass in slugs.
    • In the cgs system, mass is in grams, distance in centimeters, and force in dynes.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Mass and weight
    • The weight of an object (on the earth) is the gravitational force that
    the earth exerts on it.
    • The weight w of an object of mass m is:

    • The value of g depends on altitude.


    • On other planets, g will have an entirely different value than on the
    earth.

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Relating the mass and weight of a body

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Newton’s Law Gravitation
    Newton’s third law

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    A paradox?
    • If an object pulls back on you just as hard as you pull on it, how can it
    ever accelerate?

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Free-body diagrams

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Free-body diagrams

    © 2016 Pearson Education, Ltd.


    Free-body diagrams
    Exercise (Forces)
    Exercise (2nd law)
    Exercise (mass and weight)
    Exercise (3rd Law)

    You might also like