Anatomy 1
Anatomy 1
Anatomy 1
Anatomy
flowering plants
Tissue Meristematic Theories
Permanent
Tissue System
Internal structure
of
Root Monocot
Item
leaf
If Dicot
Coupons compond I
Prokaryotic Cell
Chemical endution
t
Biological Eukaryotic cell
evolution
end
Tissue Groupof
Similar
Coined
N Grew Cells
Coelenterates
Karl Nagele
Highlylocalised Restricted
to aparticulars
ofGoya
Plasmodesmater Middle lamellae CaltagPectate Cell Division
No THE Primary wallMfaxible
youngembrane Tigger
y Cytoplasm Deme
N N i Metabolism it
I Vacuoles
4
usuallyabsent
1 Ifpresent SizeSmall
11 3
Substances
No Ergastic Plastid absent
batheformofproplastic
Non living substances Big Prominent
Nuclei Metabolism 99
rime system
Ijygyigitat
7S D Sten
Pro Primary Meristem Secondary Meristem
Meristem
Meristematic Initials Menelop from Develop from primary
promeristem
formed during the Meristem
appear during early
embryonic stage part oflife ofaplant ActingGinniseto
form Primary formation
of primary plant Secondary Growth
Meristem
Body
Cells Active state
ofdivision
Give wiseto Secondary
Meristem
Mery
Embryonic Meristem
cell Division
Primary Meristem ti 9 Apical lateral
Intrafascicular
Differentiation
dedifferentiation Corklambin
fInterfascicules
Secondary Meristem Y Vascular
Cambium
Redifferentiation
Secondary permanent tissue
ly Mint
at thebase
of leaf of
Monocots
present onthelateral
examples of primary example of primary meristem
it occurs in b w the
Meristem Side
oftheplant
matured tissues Increasing the
mum my y
long of acreasing
the plant Primary Increasing the lengthof Circumference
ofthe
Growth theplant Intermodal
plant I Girth
Growth
Secondary Growth
It
7s of
Dicot
Sten
Kim
Secondary Con A
Intercalary
lateral Meristem
Trichome Endodermis
PithyMedulla
PithRay Medullary
Rays
Outermost layer Innermost Epidermis to
from
One
apical Meristem
1 Sigle an
apical Growth
Higher Pteridophytes
Apical Minister s Many Cells
Gymnosperm
Angiosperm
Theories
Regarding apical meristem
I Histogen Theory Most valid Root
apex organisation
2 Tunica Corpus Theory Most valid Shoot
3 Gtohistological Theory Vegetative apex Reproductive organ
I Hansteen Root
Histogen Theory apex organisation
apical meristem
Three Histagen Meristematic Regions
Peniblem Plename
Dermatogen
Outermost histogenlayer Justbelow Dermatogen Innermost histogen
f
Pericycle d d
Plerome
PithRay Medullary
vB
Rays
I
hformation
ofRootCap
Bermatogens blame
Epi
Periblew
I Merome
Rootcap
Dicot Dermatogen Epiblema
Periblew
Plerome
Periblen
Imematogen
ermalog
YUI calyptugen
Quiescent Centre Groupof InactiveCells
Serves as reserve
for flat in Hw Bermatogen
replenishment of Calyptrogen
ManagedCells of
the meristems Discovered Clowes
by
in MaizeRoot
Organization
Tunica Corpus
X
GTS V TS
I
and.es vascular.es
fastfateof
J
Vegetativeapex rate
flow
eg ay 7
11 Reproductive
apex If
Division
v
yang division
u
4
plummit
Ff
mighty Reproductive
ape
FlatBroad
Plastochorn Internal Hw two Successive
beefprimordia
time define
É
PermanentTissue
Permanently
Parenchyma lining
Parenchyma One
typeof Cells
Common
function
Universal Tissue
No Intercellular Space
If present very Small
I
lysogenous Cavity in Origin
Igneous
Tiele splitting of cellwall
splitting.MX
47
location Cortex
Pericycle
Medullary Ray
Pith
leaf Mesophyll
Tannins Crystal
Buoyancy Floating
Modification of parenchyma
X parenchyma Phloem
Parenchyma
Small offered thickened Cells Thin walled Cells
Elongated cells
Storage
offood
lateral conduction water Storageoffood
of
lateral conduction
offood
energy Gauration
I Collenchyma living
mechanical tissue No lignin
More or less elongated Cells
localized deposition of
00
0 o
Pectin
µ f 0.00
o
od
vacuole
cytoplasm periphery
Parenchyma Collenchyma
Nucleus
LSmall
I Angular Thickening is present at anangle to Cw
eg Stem Tomato
of
story
of
Eiga
Tagetes
y
Cucurbita stem
1j f
Occurrence
Stem Dicot
of Yong
Hypodermis
Function Mechanical
support
Tensile strength
against leaning swaying
Photosynthesis limited
Seleucids fibres
Small
Extremely thick walled
No pointed structure
Isodiametric polyhedral spherical Oral
Cylindrical
Branched
Fianna
StoneCells Brachy Seleucids
firm
Rodlike
Pean Monoaclurids
ez Pulpof Guava Sapota
herdcoat
eg of legume
Him LE
Astro Seleucids
t
Oster Seleucids
Sderenchymatons fibres
Elongated cells
flignifiedCellwall Marrow
MarrowLumen Spindle shaped
I
Basis position
310 pension
affinjin
iii
Meathylem More
efficient conduction
Xfibres
X parenchyma lining
ill
dignified lignification
namepits ant attend'd
ofthetracheids
o Narrowlumen Is Maximum Gymnosperm
Plant
I Tapering
ends
allow Considerable
stretching
Muthu
Tintin istorend tracheid
Considerable
2 Spiral stretching
g
3 Reticulate Ra
n a n Cycas Gymnosperm
Bordered
Simple pit pit
uniform width form flask
of
pitt comfy Narrow aperturewith
Broad base
in
Membrane
pot
T.at
yet
I
am
a
Narrow with
Bzyd
2 Vends Conduction
ofwater hap
Mechanical Strength
Much elongated Eucalyptus 3tobuts
formerbythe fusion
of
smmatiftii
m.gg
Members
Complete
Dissolution widelumen
of
endwall Most common
ofVessel
Partial Dissolution
A
N
Messed
absent in Abnormal
few Angiosperm Dracaena Secondary
Growth
Yucca
Degener
Diy
Vesselless
angiosperm family winteraceae
Tetracinteraceae
Trochodendracial
Vessels
Tracheids
Tracheary element ofXylem
profit Tracheids
simple
pit
t
vessels
food tannins
Stone
lateral Xparenchyma
4 X fibres woodfibres Sderunchymatous fiba associated with xylem
Mechanicalart
pea
Primary Majority
septate
Phloem
Magdi Bast
T
Gk phloise lanes Bank Yen
portof Organicfood Photosynthesis
I
1 SieveTube honk together I droned together
Companion can
3 P parenchyma
4 P fibres
tienelube element
I protoplasm peripheral
tieneTube Element
2 Size vacuolar
of
H
Protoplasm
1
Peripheral
End
plates
so Penformation
I timeplate
Bi directionalphenomenon
calloseping
Growth of
E Pone
I
I pad
Parenchymatons
g
Gymnosperm
guy
7
gwyn
2 Pparenchyma lining
Elongated Cylindrical cells
Thin walled
wall cellulose
Radial
of food
Conduction
Ray Parenchyma
4 Phloem
fibres Bast fibres Idenchymatous fibres
MMMM
Notpresent in primary phloem
Fin Secondary phloem II
mom
pm gyp
Atmaturity loose protoplasm Mead
flax Textilefibres
hemp
Into
Madrone By Haberlandt leptome
t food
water conducting Element conducting element
to
Tracheids Vessels timelabel Companioncells
RayparenchymatousCells
Basis
La Metaxylem
laterOn
1stformed Secondary Growth
Organs
has completed plant organ has completed
theirgrowth itsgrowth
prominence less More
lignifications Before
whtion't at the completionof
reposition
oflignin elongation
of plant elongation ofplant
Stretched V X
fibres Rare Common
very
dueto growthfrom
comity
VB
Éi of Picot Stem
Methylene
g
Protoxylem
11
I 1 Protoxylem
centrifugal
Centripetal
Protophtoem
Ys Metaphloem
I whemplantisgrowing formedwhenplanthas
attainedhight
4 Sievepores less
prominent moreprominent
Group ofTissues
Derived from a portion of Meristem
hmm nd
Y
Stem I
Stomata Endodermis Mayormaynotbe
Pericycle present
Parenchymal
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma
In Maybe unicelludt
RootHair
jane
vicuna
6 absorption thot MistolndMinerals
Iftar I
I
Stomata Exchange
of Gases
Cuticle Thick
waxylayer
prevent Traspiration
Xerophytes
Vascular Bundle
It Closed
VE
p x p OO o coyoint
collateral
Conjoint
Bicollatinal
x o o
P x I
090 xp onsame
Amphicuiball Amphivasal
Hadnocentric lytocentric
HIP Gat differentRadii
Alternate Manner Conjoint
gladMM
Collateral Collateral X P x
opens
Closed P
X Exarch P periphery
M Pitt centre
ofDew
Centripetal type
É I g fern
Rhizome
Stem
Byatt
of
turnip Yost
anoints
Sugarbeat Collateral
Ifiticans Xylem
Jimjams
Stems Cucurbita
of
Some
plant of Apocynaceae
Solanaceae
X Endarch
Centrifugal
Type Dev
of of primary Xylem
Ito
pi I
Proto
Exarch
Intiffesarch
periphery metaxylem
Epidermis Hypodermis
11 ly
Extrastellar Tissue Cortex
Endodermis
c
tholeofthe central Mass
Syisses Vascular Bundle XP
leaf
ExtraStellar
General
É I
Hi Eye Of A
Cortex
0 0
O
Endodermis
Pericycle
É o
Stellar P
X
Vascular
Cambium GrandTissue
Bundles
Single layered
Single and
Compactly Avenged
mayor maynot be
present
lack chloroplast
Trichomes Hut Hut
Cuticle thin thick
Stomata Out less Mo
Cortex
1 Hypodermis Belowthe epidermis I
Multilayered 2 3 layered
thick Comparatively their
Collenchyma Sclerenchyma
Multilayered
abovethe phloem
Semilunarpatch
someone
Thain Pericycle HardBast
Sinfloyer X
Heterogenoustype X
ofpericycle
Sclerenchyma
Bundle Cap
E
Parenchyma s
Parenchymatous
Parenchymatous
wedgeshaped
I Onal Shaped
X endarch X endarch
a
A
D
o
o
VB Surrounded
by BindleSheath g
Idenenchymatous Periphery
Centre
fibrous vascularBudle
small Lange
water cavity r
Schizo yigenous
Phloem timeTube
Companion Cell
1parenchyma absent
king
Badlestieth
anaemia
ti Metaxylem Meta
a Ey y g initial
Rays
o
ggyamany amity
Monocot
Mint
Root
Basis Dicot Me Monocot
of Comparison
Episuma ÉÉ
Cortex
É
phloem
8 Emmis
Pericycle
Conyuretine
CHI ith If
it
My
Basis Dicot Monocot
1 Epiblemer Singlelayered
Uniseriate
Outermost
layer
Root hair at
Cuticle at r
stomata ht
froottain 4 IA
9
d
Absorption
Y
Epiblema Cells
TrichoblastCells
2 Cortex Parenchymatous
alomplastent
Yaga Photosynthetic
Root
Discovered Caspari
II wall
Cellulosic in Nature
Casparian Strip
here
strip
slip
I
Campanian
CellsofEndodermis D
water tight
Jackgethyster
past
xp Actas a Man
T
Passage cells
water
pathcells Hasfusioncells
Dicot Ms Monocot
H
I Y
Pericycle Singletofew layered
Root parenchymatous Cells
lateral
Endogenous in Origin
lie oppositeprotoxylem
Whealmoots V
Hangingmoot
Aerialmoot
E a.ttytgne
specialtype
oftissues
flamen Tissues
Rtfm
velamen
Hygroscopic
I
Epiblemi
c Absorb waterfrom
moisture ladenAtm
Multilayered tucture
leaf
Dicot Monocot
MUMUN Palisade
VI Parenchyma
Int
Ameriannerstamate
Abaxial Surface
Cuticle
T.im fIwFIE
Dicot Ms Monocot
1 Cuticle ant tint
Onboth thesurface V
large Vacuoles
Is more
chloroplast
Spongyparenchyma
lesschloroplast
h lange air
spaces
Vascular Bundle Collateral Closed
Le Coryoint
protoxylem upper surface adaxial
I y upp serf
protophloein lower Surface abaxial
Bundle sheath
4
18 Parenchymatons Thickwalled
7 Of e
Buelle Sheath
G plants Chlorenclymatous
Grasses Epidermal Cells
I modified
Bulliform Cells Motorcells
Hydrille
Vallisneria
Secondary Growth
TGirth thickness Carcumference
Abnormal Growth
Secondary
Monocot Palm Yucca
Dracaena mmmm
Growth
Kingia
Smilax
Sansiviera
cambium
fascicular
Dffnalater
Secondary Growth in stelae Region Vascular Cambium
Cambium
I formationof ring of Vascular
2 Activity
of Vascular Cambium
3 formation
of Annual Ring
f inOrigin
Interfascicule Cambium
I
Menistematic
I ambient
in Nature
secondary iatmaeyoi.im
Vascular Cambium
Activity of
Vascular Cambium
is
Minihan
pointed ends
firmed RayInitial
Istana
TTY Ee
High Growth Rateof
iffy
Raywitial
Ij
Vasai tecondanymettany
Pass SP ex
through the
in Radial Direction
I
Radial conduction
of
food water
VC lessActive V C MoreActive
f X It Autumn wood latewood f X TTT Springwood I
Bank in Colour
Earlywood
L High Density widerlumen
lightin colour
lowMensity
Annual Ring Autumn t Spring Alternate Concentric
Ring
OneYear
Things
Mo Rings
of Ageof thetree
Dendrochronology
Heartwood Ys Sapwood
Duramen Alburnum
Composition Deadelements Secondary X
with dignified walls
Colour Dank Coloured
lightcoloured
Deposition Tannins Resins
Gum Oil
Aromatic Substances
Conduction conduction
Can't conduct ble
ofwater
filledwith wastematerial Minerals
wiltingTemporary
7
Loses obstructthe
pathway ofwater
Transpiration J Absorption
Ypamcymaaa_
g
Based Vessels
upon
d d
Non porous wood porouswood
Vessels
are arrangedin Differed State
Ring like manner Vessels
ef
initial
division
Periderm
E e Icomcmt.im
PhellodermSecondaryCortex
Phillagen I
Tante L
Yh
chloroplast ammine
lenticel
t.EE iiiie
gotta
088 conk Cambium
00 ConkCambias
Secondary cortex
Bark
ofBank
Types
Mango
L Epiblema
I Cortex
Complete
Ring
ÉtÉ of
Vascular
I
Meristematic in oppositeto Px
Nature I
t
amount
Ciro Meristematic
t
Foundin major SmallAment
Foundin
Complete
I of vasalarlambium
Ring
Conyuctive
em simian
Pitt MedullaryRays Parenchymatous
Secondary x t cells
f
Secondary
Primary Medullary Rays
Root
Structure of
Cork cambium
from Pericycle
Cork
I I Cy
Merinedfrom
Secondary Cortex
Pericycle
weRoot
I
All Cambia handany in Origin
Pith Ray MedullaryRay