10th Social Sura Guide EM 2022-23 - WWW - Kalvikadal.in

This is Only for Sample for Full Book Order Online or
Availablve at All Leading Bookstores

www.kalvikadal.in https://material.kalvikadal.in
Social science
m
co
s.
10th Standard
ok
Based on the Latest Updated Textbook.
eeeMap
o
Frr
actic ok
ab
P bo
Work& e
Salient Features
 Complete Solutions to Textbook Exercises. ractic

Free Prkbook
Wo
 Exhaustive Additional Questions and Answers for all Units.
ur
 Unit Test Questions with Answers for all Units.

 Model Question Papers 1 to 6 (PTA):

Questions are incorporated in the appropriate sections.
.s
 G
ovt. Model Question Paper - 2019 (Govt. MQP-2019), Quarterly
Exam - 2019 (Qy-2019), Half Yearly Exam - 2019 (Hy-2019) and Govt.
Supplementary Exam -2020 & 2021 (Sep - 2020 & 2021) questions are also
w
incorporated in the appropriate sections.

Govt. Supplementary Exam September 2021 Question Paper is given with

answers.
w
w
SURA PUBLICATIONS
Chennai
Send your Materials , Guides and Question Papers to [email protected] (or) Whatsapp - 9385336929
[email protected] Ph:9600175757 / 8124301000
2022-23 Edition
© Reserved with Publishers
All rights reserved © SURA Publications.

No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by
any means, digitally, electronically, mechanically, photocopying, recorded or otherwise, without the written
m
permission of the publishers. Strict action will be taken.
ISBN : 978-93-92559-02-0
co
Code No : SG 330
Authors :
Mr. Ravi Shankar, M.A., M. Phil.
s.
Mrs. Janaki Devi, M.A., M. Ed.
Edited by :
ok
Mrs. Sarojini, M.A., B. Ed.
Reviewed by :
Dr. John Mathew, M.A., M. Phil., Ph.D.
o
Our Guides for XI, XII Standard
ab
✤ RuhÉ‹ jÄœ ciuüš

✤ Sura’s Smart English Guide
Head Office:
✤ Sura’s Mathematics (EM/TM )
✤ Sura’s Physics (EM/TM) 1620, ‘J’ Block, 16th Main Road,
Anna Nagar, Chennai - 600 040.
ur
✤ Sura’s Chemistry (EM/TM)

✤ Sura’s Bio-Botany & Botany (EM/TM) (Short Version & Long Version) Phones : 044-4862 9977, 486 27755.
✤ Sura’s Bio-Zoology & Zoology (EM/TM) (Short Version & Long Version) Mobile : 80562 94222 / 80562 15222
✤ Sura’s Computer Science (EM/TM)
Whatsapp : 81242 01000
.s
✤ Sura’s Computer Applications (EM/TM)

e-mail : [email protected]
✤ Sura’s Commerce (EM/TM)
website : www.surabooks.com
✤ Sura’s Economics (EM/TM)
✤ Sura’s Accountancy (EM/TM)
w
✤ Sura’s Business Maths (EM)
For More Information - Contact

w
Doubts in Our Guides : [email protected]

For Order : [email protected]
w
Contact : 80562 94222 / 80562 15222

Whatsapp : 8124201000 / 9840926027
Online Site : www.surabooks.com
For Free Study Materials Visit http://tnkalvi.in
(ii)
Preface
m
co
Education is not the learning of facts.
It is rather training of the mind to think.
- Albert Einstein
s.
Respected Principals, Correspondents, Head Masters / Head Mistresses, Teachers,
ok
From the bottom of our heart, we at SURA Publications sincerely thank you for the support
and patronage that you have extended to us for more than a decade.
It is in our sincerest effort we take the pride of releasing SURA’s Social Science Guide for
10 Standard. This guide has been authored and edited by qualified teachers having teaching
th
o
experience for over a decade in their respective subject fields. This Guide has been reviewed by
ab
a reputed Professor who is currently serving as Head of the Department in an esteemed College.
With due respect to Teachers, I would like to mention that this guide will serve as a teaching
companion to qualified teachers. Also, this guide will be an excellent learning companion to
students with exhaustive exercises and in-text questions in addition to precise answers for
ur
textual questions.
In complete cognizance of the dedicated role of Teachers, I completely believe that our
students will learn the subject effectively with this guide and prove their excellence in Board
.s
Examinations.
I once again sincerely thank the Teachers, Parents and Students for supporting and valuing
w
our efforts.
God Bless all.
Subash Raj,
w
B.E., M.S.
- Publisher
Sura Publications
w
All the Best
(iii)
TO ORDER WITH US
SCHOOLS and TEACHERS:
We are grateful for your support and patronage to ‘SURA PUBLICATIONS’
m
Kindly prepare your order in your School letterhead and send it to us.
For Orders contact: 81242 01000 / 81243 01000
co
DIRECT DEPOSIT
A/c Name : Sura Publications A/c Name : Sura Publications
Our A/c No. : 36550290536 Our A/c No. : 21000210001240
s.
Bank Name : STATE BANK OF INDIA Bank Name : UCO BANK
Bank Branch : PADI Bank Branch : Anna Nagar West
IFSC : SBIN0005083 IFSC : UCBA0002100
ok
A/c Name : Sura Publications A/c Name : Sura Publications
Our A/c No. : 6502699356 Our A/c No. : 1154135000017684
Bank Name : INDIAN BANK Bank Name : KVB BANK
Bank Branch : ASIAD COLONY Bank Branch : Anna Nagar
o
IFSC : IDIB000A098 IFSC : KVBL0001154
ab
After Deposit, please send challan and order to our address.

email to : [email protected] / Whatsapp : 81242 01000.
For Google Pay : For PhonePe :

ur
98409 26027 98409 26027

DEMAND DRAFT / CHEQUE
Please send Demand Draft / cheque in favour of ‘SURA PUBLICATIONS’
.s
payable at Chennai.
The Demand Draft / cheque should be sent with your order in School letterhead.
STUDENTS :
w
Order via Money Order (M/O) to

w
Sura Publications
w
1620, ‘J’ Block, 16th Main Road, Anna Nagar,

Chennai - 600 040.
Phones : 044-4862 9977, 044-486 27755.
Mobile : 96001 75757 / 81242 01000 / 81243 01000.
email : [email protected] Website : www.surabooks.com
(iv)
m
History
co
Unit 1 Outbreak of World War I and Its Aftermath 1 - 14 June
Unit 2 The World between two World Wars 15 - 26 July
Unit 3 World War II 27 - 40 July
s.
Unit 4 The World after World War II 41 - 54 August
Unit 5 S ocial and Religious Reform Movements in the 19th
ok
Century 55 - 66 Aug & Sep
Unit 6 Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu 67 - 78 October

Unit 7 Anti-Colonial Movements and the Birth of 79 - 92 October
o
Nationalism
Unit 8 Nationalism: Gandhian Phase 93 - 108 November

ab
Unit 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu 109 - 118 November

Unit 10 S ocial Transformation in Tamil Nadu 119 - 130 Nov & Dec
ur
Geography
Unit 1 India - Location, Relief and Drainage 131 - 146 June
.s
Unit 2 Climate and Natural Vegetation of India 147 - 156 June

Unit 3 India - Agriculture 157 - 170 July
w
Unit 4 India - Resources and Industries 171 - 184 August

Unit 5 India - Population, Transport, Communication and 185 - 202 August
w
Trade
Unit 6 Physical Geography of Tamil Nadu 203 - 220 October

w
Unit 7 Human Geography of Tamil Nadu 221 - 238 November
(v)
Civics
m
Unit 1 Indian Constitution 239 - 248 June
co
Unit 2 Central Government 249 - 258 July
Unit 3 State Government 259 - 267 August
Unit 4 India’s Foreign Policy 268 - 276 October
s.
Unit 5 India’s International Relations 277 - 288 November
Economics
Unit 1
o ok
Gross Domestic Product and its Growth: an 289 - 301 June
Introduction
ab
Unit 2 Globalization and Trade 302 - 312 July
Unit 3 Food Security and Nutrition 313 - 321 August

ur
Unit 4 Government and Taxes 322 - 331 October
Unit 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu 332 - 341 November

.s
Maps 342 - 346

w
Govt. Suppl. Exam September 2021 question paper

347 - 362
with answers
w
w
(vi)
History
istory
Unit 1
Outbreak of World War I
m
and Its Aftermath
co
s.
Learning Objectives
To acquaint ourselves with
Europe
o ok
ªª The race for colonies leading to rivalry and clashes among the great powers of
ªª Emergence of Japan as the strongest and most aggressive power in East Asia
ab
ªª Colonialism's impact on Africa

ªª Causes, course and results of the First World War
ªª Treaty of Versailles and its provisions
ur
ªª Causes, course and outcome of the Russian Revolution

ªª Foundation, functioning and failure of the League of Nations
.s
Exercise
w
I. Choose the correct answer 2. Which country emerged as the strongest in

East Asia towards the close of nineteenth
1. What were the three major empires shattered
w
century?
by the end of First World War? (a) China (b) Japan
(a) Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the
(c) Korea (d) Mongolia
Ottomans
w
(b) Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia [Ans. (b) Japan]

(c) Spain, Portugal and Italy 3. Who said “imperialism is the highest stage of
(d) Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy capitalism”? [PTA-6]
[Ans. (a) Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the (a) Lenin (b) Marx
Ottomans] (c) Sun Yat-sen (d) Mao Tsetung
[Ans. (a) Lenin]
1 [email protected] (or) Whatsapp - 9385336929

Send your Materials , Guides and Question Papers to
Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE Unit 1

4. What is the Battle of Marne remembered for? 2. Assertion (A) : Germany and the United States
(a) air warfare (b) trench warfare were producing cheaper manufactured goods
HISTORY
(c) submarine warfare (d) ship warfare and capturing England’s markets.
[Ans. (b) trench warfare] Reason (R) : Both the countries produced
required raw material for their industries.
5. To which country did the first Secretary
m
(a) Both A and R are correct
General of League of Nations belong? (b) A is right but R is not the correct reason
(a) Britain (b) France (c) Both A and R are wrong
(c) Dutch (d) USA
(d) R is right but A is wrong.
co
[Ans. (a) Britain]
[Ans. (b) A is right but R is not the correct
6. Which country was expelled from the League reason]
of Nations for attacking Finland? [Sep-2021]
3. Assertion (A) : The first European attempts to
(a) Germany (b) Russia
carve out colonies in Africa resulted in bloody
s.
(c) Italy (d) France battles.
[Ans. (b) Russia] Reason (R) : There was stiff resistance from the
II. Fill in the blanks : native population.
ok
1. Japan forced a war on China in the year _______.
(b) A is right but R is not the correct reason
[Ans. 1894]
(c) Both A and R are wrong
2. The new state of Albania was created according (d) R is right but A is wrong.
o
to the Treaty of _______ signed in May 1913. [Ans. (a) Both A and R are correct]
[Ans. London]
IV. Match the following
ab
3. Japan entered into an alliance with England in

the year _______. [Ans. 1902]
(1) Treaty of Brest - - Versailles
4. In the Balkans _______ had mixed population. Litovsk
[Ans. Macedonia] (2) Jingoism - Turkey
ur
5. In the battle of Tannenberg _______ suffered (3) Kemal Pasha - Russia with
heavy losses. [Ans. Russia] Germany
6. _______ as Prime Minister represented France (4) Emden - England
in Paris Peace Conference. [Ans. Clemenceau] (5) Hall of Mirrors - Madras
.s
7. Locarno Treaty was signed in the year _______.

[PTA-1] [Ans. 1925] Ans. (1) Treaty of Brest - - Russia with
Litovsk Germany
III. Choose the correct statement
w
(2) Jingoism - England

1. (i) The Turkish Empire contained many
non-Turkish people in the Balkans. (3) Kemal Pasha - Turkey
(ii) Turkey fought on the side of the central (4) Emden - Madras
w
powers (5) Hall of Mirrors - Versailles

(iii) Britain attacked Turkey and captured
Constantinople V. Answer briefly
w
(iv) Turkey’s attempt to attack Suez Canal but

were repulsed. 1. How do you assess the importance of Sino-
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct Japanese War?
(b) (i) and (iii) are correct Ans. (i) In 1894 Japan forced a war on China. The
(c) (iv) is correct crushing defeat of China by little Japan
(d) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct in the Sino-Japanese War (1894-95)
[Ans. (d) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct] surprised the world.
2
Outbreak of World War I and Its Aftermath Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE
(ii) Despite the warning of the three great (ii) The founders of this peace organisation
powers Russia, Germany and France – underestimated the power of nationalism.
HISTORY
Japan annexed the Liaotung peninsula The principle of “collective security”
with Port Arthur. could not be applied in actual practice.
(iii) By this action Japan proved that it was the VI. Answer the following in detail
m
strongest nation of the East Asia.
1. Discuss the main causes of the First World
2. Name the countries in the Triple Entente. War. [PTA-1; HY-2019; Sep-2020 & 21]
[QY-2019] Ans. European Alliances and Counter - Alliances :
co
Ans. The countries in the Triple Entente were, Britain, (i) In 1900 five of the European Great Powers
France and Russia. were divided into two armed camps.
3. What were the three militant forms of (ii) One camp consisted of the Central Powers
Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy.
nationalism in Europe? [HY-2019]
(iii) Under the guidance of Bismarck, they had
England's jingoism
s.
Ans. (i) formed the Triple Alliance in 1882.
(ii) France's chauvinism and (iv) The other camp consisted of France and
(iii) Germany’s Kultur were militant forms of
Russia.
(v) The Anglo-Japanese Alliance prompted
ok
nationalism in Europe. France to seek an alliance with Britain.
4. What do you know of trench warfare? Which resulted in the Entente Cordiale
[PTA-3; Sep-2021] (1904).
(vi) Britain subsequently reached an
Ans. Trench Warfare :
agreement with Russia and formed the
o
(i) The Battle of Marne is a memorable for Triple Entente of Britain, France and
trench warfare. Russia.
ab
(ii) Trenches or ditches dug by troops enabled Violent Forms of Nationalism :

soldiers to safely stand and protect themselves (i) With the growth of nationalism, the
from enemy fire. attitude of “my country right or wrong I
support it” developed.
(iii) The main lines of trenches were connected
(ii) England’s jingoism, France’s chauvinism
to each other and to the rear by a series
ur
and Germany’s Kultur were militant forms

of linking trenches through which food, of nationalism, contributing decisively to
ammunition, fresh troops, mail, and orders the outbreak of War.
were delivered. Aggressive Attitude of German Emperor :
.s
5. What was the role of Mustafa Kemal Pasha? (i) Emperor Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany
Ans. (i) Mustafa Kemal Pasha played a remarkable was ruthlessly assertive and aggressive.
role for Turkey’s rebirth as a nation. (ii) Napoleon’s defeat at Trafalgar (1805),
w
Germany’s aggressive diplomacy and

(ii) Kemal Pasha modernised Turkey and changed rapid building of naval bases convinced
it out of all recognition. Britain that a German navy could be
(iii) He put an end to the Sultanate and the directed only against her.
w
Caliphate. (iii) Therefore, Britain embarked on a naval

(iv) The support of the Soviet Union was of race, which heightened the tension
between the two powers.
great help to him.
w
Hostility of France towards Germany :

6. List out any two causes for the failure of the
(i) France and Germany were old rivals.
League of Nations. [PTA-5] Bitter memories of the defeat of 1871 and
Ans. (i) The League appeared to be an organisation loss of Alsace and Lorraine to Germany
of those who were victorious in the First rankled in the minds of the French.
World War. Since it lacked the military (ii) German interference in Morocco added to
power of its own, it could not enforce its the bitterness.
decisions.


Imperial Power Politics in the Balkans : (v) Germany was forced to revoke the Treaty
(i) The Young Turk Revolution of 1908, of Brest-Litovsk (with Russia) and
Bucharest (Bulgaria).
HISTORY
Austria and Russia resumed their activities

in the Balkans. (vi) Alsace–Lorraine was returned to France.
(ii) Austria announced the annexation of (vii) The former Russian territories of Finland,
Bosnia and Herzegovina. Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania were to be
m
independent.
(iii) Austria’s action aroused intense opposition
(viii) Poland was recreated.
from serbia. Germany firmly supported
Austria. 3. Explain the course of the Russian Revolution
co
under the leadership of Lenin.
(iv) The enmity between Austria and Serbia Ans. (i) Influenced by the ideas of Karl Marx,
led to the outbreak of war in 1914. Lenin believed that the way for freedom
The Balkan Wars : was through mass action.
(i) Turkey was a powerful country in the (ii) Lenin gained the support of a small
s.
south west of Europe in the first half of majority (bolshinstvo), known as
eighteenth century. Bolsheviks, which became the Bolshevik
(ii) Both the Turks and their subjects of Party. His opponents, in minority
(menshinstvo), were called Mensheviks.
ok
different nationalities in the Balkans
(iii) There were rivalries among Greece, Serbia,
Provisional Government :
Bulgaria and later Montenegro for the (i) There were two parallel bodies to take on
government functions.
control of it. In March 1912 they formed
the Balkan League. (ii) The Soviet was dominated by Mensheviks
o
and the minority Bolsheviks were timid
(iv) The Second Balkan War ended with and undecided.
the signing of the Treaty of Bucharest in (iii) The situation changed with the arrival of
ab
August 1913. Lenin.

Immediate Cause : Failure of Provisional Government :
(i) The climax to these events in the Balkans (i) Lenin was in Switzerland when the
occurred in Sarajevo in Bosnia. revolution broke out.
ur
(ii) On 28 June 1914 the Archduke Franz (ii) Lenin wanted continued revolution. His
Ferdinand, heir to Franz Joseph, Emperor slogan of ‘All power to the Soviets’ soon
of Austria-Hungary, was assassinated by won over the workers’ leaders.
Princip, a Bosnian Serb. (iii) The people were attracted by the slogan of
.s
(iii) Austria saw in this an opportunity to

‘Bread, Peace and Land.’
eliminate Serbia as an independent state. (iv) The Provisional government made two
grave mistakes.
(iv) The German violation of Belgian
w
(v) First, it postponed a decision on the

neutrality forced Britain to enter war. demand for the redistribution of land
2. Highlight the provisions of the Treaty of and the other was government decided to
Versailles relating to Germany.[PTA-2 & PTA-6] continue with the war.
w
Ans. (i) Germany was found guilty of starting the (vi) The government banned Pravda and
War and therefore was to pay reparations arrested all Bolsheviks
for the losses suffered. All Central Powers Takeover by the Bolshevik Party under Lenin’s
w
were directed to pay war indemnity. leadership :

(ii) The German army was to be limited to (i) In October Lenin persuaded the
100,000 men. A small navy was allowed. Bolshevik Central Committee to decide
(iii) The union of Austria and Germany was on immediate revolution.
forbidden. (ii) Trotsky prepared a detailed plan. On 7
(iv) All German colonies became mandated November the key government buildings,
territories under the League of Nations. were seized by armed factory workers and
revolutionary troops.
4
(iii) On 8 November 1917 a new Communist (v) In the following year the League was asked
government was in office in Russia. Its head to settle the frontier between Poland and
HISTORY
this time was Lenin. The Bolshevik Party Germany in Upper Silesia, which was
was renamed the Russian Communist successfully resolved by the League.
Party. (vi) The third dispute was between Greece and
4. Estimate the work done by the League of Bulgaria in 1925.
m
Nations. (vii) Greece invaded Bulgaria, and the League
Ans. Activities of the League : ordered a ceasefire.
(i) The League was called in to settle a number (viii) After investigation it blamed Greece and
co
of disputes between 1920 and 1925. decided that Greece was to pay reparations.
(ii) The League was successful in three issues. (ix) Thus the League had been successful until
(iii) In 1920 a dispute arose between Sweden signing of the Locarno Treaty in 1925.
and Finland over the sovereignty of the (x) By this treaty, Germany, France, Belgium,
Aaland Islands. Great Britain, and Italy mutually
s.
(iv) The League ruled that the islands should guaranteed peace in Western Europe.
go to Finland. (xi) Thereafter Germany joined the League
and was given a permanent seat on the
ok
Council.
VII. Activity
1. Students can be taught to mark the places of battles and the capital cities of the countries that were
o
engaged in the War.
ab
ur
.s
w
w
w


VIII. Map Work
Mark the following countries on the world map. [PTA-1]
HISTORY
Ans. 1. Great Britain* 2. Germany 3. France* 4. Italy*

5. Morocco 6. Turkey 7. Serbia 8. Bosnia
9. Greece 10. Austria-Hungary 11. Bulgaria 12. Rumania
m
N
W E
S
co
AUSTRIA - HUNGARY
s.
GREAT BRITAIN
GERMANY
ok
BOSNIA
FRANCE
SERBIA RUMANIA
ITALY TURKEY
o MOROCCO GREECE BULGARIA
ab
ur
Not to Scale
* [QY-2019]
pta Questions & AnsWers

1 Mark
.s
1. (i) Italy remained a neutral country when the World War broke out. [PTA-4]
(ii) Italy was much disappointed over the peace settlement at Versailles.
w
(iii) The Treaty of Sevres was signed with Italy.

(iv) Italy was denied even small places such as Trieste, Istria and the south Tyrol.
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct (b) (iii)is correct
w
(c) (iv) is correct (d) (i), (iii) and (iv) are correct
[Ans. (a) (i) and (ii) are correct]
Govt. Exam Questions & AnsWers

w
1 Mark
1. The country which won the Battle of Jutland [QY-2019]
(a) Germany (b) England
(c) Russia (d) France [Ans. (b) England]
6
2. Where did the Ethiopian army defeat the Italian Army? [Sep-2020]
(a) Delville (b) Orange State
HISTORY
(c) Adowa (d) Algiers[Ans. (c) Adowa]
2 Marks
m
1. Highlight the global influence of Russian Revolution. [Sep-2020]
Ans. The Russian communist government encouraged the colonies to fight for their freedom. Debates over key
issues, land reforms, social welfare, workers’ rights, and gender equality started taking place in a global
context.
co
Time Line Chart
[QY-2019]
Scale
(1 unit = 5 years)
s.
1910
1914 - Outbreak of World War I
ok
1915
1917 - Russian Revolution
1918 - End of the World War I
1919 - Treaty of Versailles
1920 1920 - Establishment of League of Nation
o
Additional Questions & AnsWers
ab
I. Choose the correct answer:1 Mark 4. ______ of Russia suggested to the powers that
they meet together to bring about an era of
1. The biggest outcome of the I world war was the
universal peace.
_______.
(a) Tsar Nicholas II (b) Michael
ur
(a) Green Revolution

(c) Peter the Great (d) Alexander I
(b) French Revolution
[Ans. (a) Tsar Nicholas II]
(c) Russian Revolution 5. At the battle of ______ in 1914, the French
(d) American Revolution
.s
succeeded in pushing back the Germans.

[Ans. (c) Russian Revolution] (a) Tannenberg (b) Marne
2. A striking feature of nineteenth century was (c) Danzig (d) Balkan
that ______ emerged as the dominant power. [Ans. (b) Marne]
w
(a) Asia (b) Europe 6. In the eastern front, Russian troops repeatedly
(c) Africa (d) Australia defeated the ______
[Ans. (b) Europe] (a) French (b) Indians
w
3. In 1902, Japan entered into an alliance with (c) Austrians (d) Germans
England and demanded that Russia should [Ans. (c) Austrians]
withdraw its troops from ______. 7. ______ Was the American President when
w
(a) France (b) Spain USA declared war against Germany in 1917.
(c) Manchuria (d) India (a) Wilson (b) Abraham Lincoln
[Ans. (c) Manchuria] (c) F.D Roosevelt (d) John F. Kennedy
[Ans. (a) Wilson]


8. Lenin was influenced by the ideas of ______ 18. The Crushing defeat of _______ in the Sino-
(a) Confucius (b) Plato Japanese War surprised the world.
(a) Japan (b) Italy
HISTORY
(c) Mao-Tse-Tung (d) Karl Marx

[Ans. (d) Karl Marx] (c) India (d) China
[Ans. (d) China]
9. In 1861, Tsar ______ abolished serfdom and
emancipated the serfs 19. After 1905 _______ took control of Korean
m
(a) Fredrick (b) Peter domestic and Foreign policy.
(c) Alexander II (d) Nicholas (a) China (b) Japan
[Ans. (c) Alexander II] (c) Italy (d) England
co
[Ans. (b) Japan]
10. ______ was the official newspaper of the
communist party of the Soviet Union from 20. _______ was a powerful country in the south
1918 - 1991. west of Europe in the first half of the eighteenth
(a) Pravda (b) Moscow times Century.
(c) Trud (d) Vedomosti (a) Turkey (b) Albania
s.
[Ans. (a) Pravda] (c) Croatia (d) Crypts
11. In March 1918, the Treaty of ______ was [Ans. (a) Turkey]
signed.
21. The Balkan League was formed in the year
ok
(a) Versailles (b) Sevres
_______.
(c) Brest - Litovsk (d) London
(a) 1911 (b) 1914
[Ans. (c) Brest - Litovsk]
(c) 1912 (d) 1915
12. In 1931 Japan attacked _______
[Ans. (c) 1912]
(a) China (b) Manchuria
o
(c) France (d) Russia 22. The Second Balkan War ended with the signing
[Ans. (b) Manchuria] of the _______.
ab
13. In December 1939 Russia was expelled from (a) Locarno Treaty
the league of Nations for her attack on _______ (b) Treaty of Versailles
(a) Germany (b) Italy (c) Treaty of Bucharest
(c) Austria (d) Finland
(d) Treaty of London
[Ans. (d) Finland]
[Ans. (c) Treaty of Bucharest]
ur
14. In the Russo-Japanese war, Japan defeated

Russia and got back _______. 23. The German violation of Belgian neutrality
(a) Dauzig (b) Port Arthur forced _______ to enter World War I.
(c) Sakata (d) Miyako (a) Japan (b) America
.s
[Ans. (b) Port Arthur] (c) China (d) Britain

15. Within Europe _______ held a per-eminent [Ans. (d) Britain]
position as the world leader of capitalism.
(a) France (b) Japan 24. _______ watched the course of the War and in
w
(c) England (d) Germany August 1916 joined the Allies.

[Ans. (c) England] (a) Montenegro (b) Bulgaria
16. By 1880, most of the _______ countries had (c) Rumania (d) Albania
w
been colonised. [Ans. (c) Rumania]

(a) Asian (b) African
(c) American (d) Gulf 25. Germany ultimately surrendered in _______.
[Ans. (a) Asian] (a) Nov. 1918 (b) Dec. 1918
w
(c) Jan. 1919 (d) Oct. 1918

17. In Imperialistic aggressions also _______
followed the Europe. [Ans. (a) Nov. 1918]
(a) China (b) Japan 26. As per the Peace Treaty of 1919 _______ was
(c) India (d) Germany returned to France.
[Ans. (b) Japan] (a) Austria (b) Italy
(c) Alsace-Lorraine (d) Bucharest
[Ans. (c) Alsace-Lorraine]
8
Unit test
HISTORY
[Time: 60 Minutes] [Total: 25 Marks]
I. Choose the correct answer IV. Match the following (4 × 1 = 4)
m
(3 × 1 = 3) (1) Kemal Pasha (a) England
1. What is the Battle of Marne remembered for?
(a) air warfare (b) trench warfare (2) Hall of Mirrors (b) South Africa
co
(c) submarine warfare (d) ship warfare (3) Lloyd George (c) Turkey
2. Which country emerged as the strongest in (4) Cecil Rhodes (d) Versailles
East Asia towards the close of nineteenth
century? V. Answer the questions briefly
s.
(a) China (b) Japan
(c) Korea (d) Mongolia
(4 × 2 = 8)
3. Lenin was influenced by the ideas of ______ 1. What was the role of Mustafa Kemal Pasha?
(a) Confucius (b) Plato 2. What is a Trust?
ok
(c) Mao-Tse-Tung (d) Karl Marx 3. What were the three militant forms of
II. Fill in the blanks (3 × 1 = 3) nationalism in Europe?
4. Name the nine states that opposed the central
1. In the battle of Tannenberg _______ suffered
powers.
heavy losses.
o
2. Locarno Treaty was signed in the year _______. VI. Write in detail answer (1 × 5 = 5)
ab
3. __________ was the famous cruiser which 1. Explain the course of the Russian Revolution
bombarded Madras in 1914. under the leadership of Lenin.

(2 × 1 = 2) A nswers
ur
1. (i) The Turkish Empire contained many

non-Turkish people in the Balkans. I. 1. (b) trench warfare
(ii) Turkey fought on the side of the central 2. (b) Japan
powers 3. (d) Karl Marx
.s
(iii) Britain attacked Turkey and captured

II. 1. Russia
Constantinople
(iv) Turkey’s attempt to attack Suez Canal but 2. 1925
were repulsed. 3. Emden
w
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct III. 1. (d) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct
(b) (i) and (iii) are correct
2. (a) Both A and R are correct]
(c) (iv) is correct
IV. 1 - c, 2 - d, 3 - a, 4- b
w
(d) (i), (ii) and (iv) are correct

2. Assertion : The first European attempts to V. 1. Refer Sura’s Guide V - 5
carve out colonies in Africa resulted in bloody 2. Refer Sura’s Guide V - 3 (A)
w
battles. 3. Refer Sura’s Guide V - 3

Reason : There was stiff resistance from the 4. Refer Sura’s Guide V - 6 (A)
native population. VI. 1. Refer Sura’s Guide VI - 3
(c) Both A and R are wrong 
(d) R is right but A is wrong.
14
Unit 2
The World between Two
m
World Wars
co
s.
Learning Objectives
ok
ªª The post-World War I developments leading to the Great Depression.
ªª The unjust provisions of Treaty of Versailles and the rise of fascist governments
o
led by Mussolini in Italy and Hitler in Germany.
ªª Anti-colonial struggles and the decolonisation process in the colonized

ab
world: Case Studies of Indo-French in South-East Asia and India in South

Asia.
ªª European Colonisation in Africa – The case of Britain in South Africa.

ur
ªª Independence struggles and political developments in South America

.s
Exercise
w
I. Choose the correct answer

1. With whom of the following was the Lateran 3. Who made Peru as part of their dominions?
Treaty signed by Italy? [GMQP-19; QY&HY-2019] (a) English (b) Spaniards
w
(a) Germany (b) Russia

(c) Russians (d) French
(c) Pope (d) Spain
[Ans. (b) Spaniards]
[Ans. (c) Pope]
w
4. Which President of the USA pursued “Good

2. With whose conquest did the Mexican
civilization collapse? Neighbour” policy towards Latin America?
(a) Hernan Cortes (b) Francisco Pizarro (a) Roosevelt (b) Truman
(c) Toussaint Louverture (d) Pedro I (c) Woodrow Wilson (d) Eisenhower
[Ans. (a) Hernan Cortes] [Ans. (a) Roosevelt]
[email protected] (or) Whatsapp - 9385336929


5. Which part of the world disliked dollar (a) Both A and R are correct
imperialism? [PTA-2] (b) A is right but R is not the correct explanation
HISTORY
(a) Europe (b) Latin America

(c) India (d) China
(d) R is right but it has no relevance to A
[Ans. (b) Latin America]
[Ans. (b) A is right but R is not the correct
m
explanation]
II. Fill in the blanks
1. The founder of the Social Democratic Party was 3. Assertion (A) : The Berlin Colonial Conference
co
_____________. [Ans. Ferdinand Lassalle] of 1884–85 had resolved that Africa should be
divided into spheres of influence of various
2. The Nazi Party’s propaganda was led by
colonial powers.
_____________. [Ans. Josef Goebbels]
3. The Vietnam Nationalist Party was formed in Reason (R) : The war between the British
s.
_____________. [Ans. 1927] and Boers in South Africa, however, was in
defiance of this resolution.
4. The Secret State Police in Nazi Germany was
(a) Both A and R are right
known as _______. [Ans. Gestapo] [QY-2019]
ok
(b) A is right but R is not the right reason
5. The Union of South Africa came into being in
May _____________. [HY-2019] [Ans. 1910]
(d) A is wrong and R has no relevance to A
6. The ANC leader Nelson Mandela was put behind [Ans. (a) Both A and R are right]
o
the bars for ________ years. [Ans. 27]
7. Boers were also known as _____________. IV. Match the following
ab
[Ans. Afrikaners] (1) Transvaal - Germany

III. Choose the correct statement (2) Tongking - Hitler
1. (i) During World War I the primary task of (3) Hindenburg - Italy
Italy was to keep the Austrians occupied
(4) Third Reich - gold
ur
on the Southern Front

(5) Matteotti - guerilla activities
(ii) Germany took to Fascism much later than
Italy. Ans. (1) Transvaal - gold
(iii) The first huge market crash in the US
.s
(2) Tongking - guerilla activities

occurred on 24 October 1929.
(iv) The ban on African National Congress was (3) Hindenburg - Germany
lifted in 1966. [PTA-1] (4) Third Reich - Hitler
w
(a) (i) and (ii) are correct (5) Matteotti - Italy

(b) (iii) is correct
V. Answer briefly
(c) (iii) and (iv) are correct
w
(d) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct 1. What do you know of the White Terror in
[Ans. (d) (i), (ii) and (iii) are correct] Indo-China? [PTA-6]
Ans. (i) The mainstream political party in Indo-
w
2. Assertion (A) : A new wave of economic China was the Vietnam Nationalist Party.
nationalism which expressed itself in (ii) In 1929 the Vietnamese soldiers
protectionism affected the world trade. mutinied, and there was a failed attempt
to assassinate the French Governor-
Reason (R) : This was because the USA was not General.
willing to provide economic aid to the debtor
countries. [PTA-5]
16
The World between Two World Wars Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE
(iii) This was followed by a large scale peasant (iv) The great fall in prices prompted Indian
revolt led by the Communists. nationalists to demand protection for the
HISTORY
(iv) The revolt was crushed and thousands internal economy.
of rebels were killed. This is known as 6. Define “Dollar Imperialism.” [PTA-2]
“White Terror” in Indo-China. Ans. Dollar Imperialism, the term used to describe the
m
2. Discuss the importance of Ottawa Economic policy of the USA in maintaining and dominating
Summit. over distant lands through economic aid.
Ans. (i) The ‘Great Depression’ of 1929 had a VI. Answer in detail
disastrous impact on British trade and
co
1. Trace the circumstances that led to the rise of
business.
Hitler in Germany.
(ii) Britain transmitted the effects of
Depression to its colonies. Ans. Evolution of German Fascism :
(iii) Bilateral trade treaties between Britain (1) The origin of German fascism goes back
to 1919 when a group of seven men met
s.
and the member states of the British
Empire were signed at an economic in Munich and founded the National
summit in Ottawa in 1932. Socialist German Workers’ Party.
(iv) The participants (including India) agreed (2) During World War I, he served in the
ok
to give preference to imperial (British) Bavarian army. In 1923 Hitler attempted
over non-imperial goods. to capture power in Bavaria. His launch of
3. What was the result of Mussolini’s march on the National Revolution on the outskirts
Rome? of Munich landed him in prison.
o
Ans. (i) In October 1922, in the context of a long (3) During his time in prison wrote on it (My
ministerial crisis, Mussolini organised the Struggle), an autobiographical book
containing his political ideas.
ab
Fascist March on Rome.

(ii) Impressed by the show of force, the King The Nazi state of Hitler:
invited Mussolini to form a government. (1) Republican government fell, as the
(iii) The inability of the Democratic Party Communists refused to collaborate
leaders to combine and act with resolution with the Social Democrats. Thereupon
ur
facilitated Mussolini’s triumph. industrialists, bankers and Junkers

4. Point out the essence of the Berlin Colonial prevailed upon President Von Hindenburg
Conference, 1884-85. to designate Hitler as Chancellor in
Ans. (i) The Berlin Colonial Conference of 1884– 1933. The Nazi state of Hitler, known
.s
85 resolved that Africa should be divided as Third Reich brought an end to the
into spheres of influence of various parliamentary democracy.
colonial powers. (2) Hitler replaced the flag of the Weimar
w
(ii) The war between the British and Boers in republic by the swastika banners of
South Africa, however, was in defiance of National Socialism.
this resolution. (3) The army of brown-shirted and jack-
w
5. How did Great Depression impact on the booted storm-troopers was expanded.
Indian agriculture? [Sep-2021] Trade unions were abolished, their leaders
Ans. (i) The ‘Great Depression’ also dealt a were arrested. Strikes were made illegal,
wages were fixed by the government.
w
death blow to Indian agriculture and the

indigenous manufacturing sector. (4) The Nazi Party’s propaganda was led by
(ii) The value of farm produce declined by Josef Goebbels, who manipulated public
half, while the land rent to be paid by the opinion through planned propaganda.
peasant remained unchanged. (5) In August 1934 President Hindenburg died
(iii) In terms of prices of agricultural and Hitler, apart from being Chancellor,
commodities, the obligation of the farmers became both President and Commander–
to the state doubled. in-Chief of the armed forces.
Unit test
HISTORY
[Time : 60 Minutes] [Total : 25 Marks]
I. Choose the correct answer(3 × 1 = 3) IV. Match the following (4 × 1 = 4)
m
1. Who made Peru as part of their dominions?
(1) Transvaal (a) Brazil
(a) English (b) Spaniards
(c) Russians (d) French (2) Matteotti (b) 1945
co
2. Which President of the USA pursued “Good (3) Uruguay (c) Italy
Neighbour” policy towards Latin America? (4) Fall of Hitler (d) Gold
(a) Roosevelt (b) Truman
V. Answer the brief questions(4 × 2 = 8)
(c) Woodrow Wilson (d) Eisenhower
s.
3. The first nation of Western Europe to turn 1. What do you know of the White Terror in
against the ruling regime was _______. Indo-China?
(a) France (b) Italy 2. What is gold standard?
ok
(c) Germany (d) Spain 3. What was the result of Mussolini’s march on
II. Fill in the blanks (3 × 1 = 3) Rome?
1. The Nazi Party’s propaganda was led by _______. 4. Define “Dollar Imperialism.”
2. Boers were also known as _______.
VI. Write in detail answer (1 × 5 = 5)
o
3. The Social Democratic Party was outlawed soon
after the _______ came to power. 1. Trace the circumstances that led to the rise of
Hitler in Germany.
ab

(2 × 1 = 2)
1. (i) During World War I the primary task of A nswers
Italy was to keep the Austrians occupied
on the Southern Front I. 1. (b) Spaniards
ur
(ii) Germany took to Fascism much later than 2. (a) Roosevelt

Italy. 3. (b) Italy
(iii) The first huge market crash in the US
occurred on 24 October 1929. II. 1. Joseph Goebbels
.s
(iv) The ban on African National Congress was 2. Afrikaners

lifted in 1966. 3. Nazis
(a) i and ii are correct (b) iii is correct III. 1. (d) i, ii and iii are correct
w
(c) iii and iv are correct

2. (b) A is right but R is not the correct
(d) i, ii and iii are correct explanation
2. Assertion : A new wave of economic
IV. 1 - d, 2 - c, 3 - a, 4- b
w
nationalism which expressed itself in

protectionism affected the world trade. V. 1. Refer Sura’s Guide V - 1
Reason : This was because the USA was not 2. Refer Sura’s Guide V - 2 (A)
willing to provide economic aid to the debtor 3. Refer Sura’s Guide V - 3
w
countries.
(a) Both A and R are correct 4. Refer Sura’s Guide V - 6
(b) A is right but R is not the correct explanation VI. 1. Refer Sura’s Guide VI - 1

26
Unit 3
m
World War II
co
s.
Learning Objectives
ok
ªª To acquaint ourselves about the political and economic developments after
World War I which ultimately led to World War II
ªª To understand the course of the War, in general; in particular, to learn the

o
main events which were turning points in the War
ªª To know the effects of World War II

ab
ªª To understand the “holocaust”, and the mass killing of Jews in Nazi
ªª To acquire knowledge about the international organisations established

after the
ur
War to create a new international order.

United Nations and the associated international organisations.
World Bank and its agencies.
.s
International Monetary Fund and its objectives.

w
w
w

Exercise
HISTORY
I. Choose the correct answer : 2. The alliance between Italy, Germany and Japan is
1. When did the Japanese formally sign of their
known as _______.
surrender?
[Ans. Rome - Berlin - Tokyo Axis]
m
(a) 2 September, 1945
(b) 2 October, 1945 3. _______ started the Lend Lease programme.
(c) 15 August, 1945 [Ans. Roosevelt]
co
(d) 12 October, 1945 4. Britain Prime Minister _______ resigned in
[Ans. (a) 2 September, 1945] 1940. [Ans. Chamberlain]
2. Who initiated the formation of League of 5. _______ is a device used to find out the enemy
Nations? aircraft from a distance. [Ans. Radar]
(a) Roosevelt
s.
(b) Chamberlain
(c) Woodrow Wilson 1. Assertion (A) : President Roosevelt realised
(d) Baldwin[Ans. (c) Woodrow Wilson] that the United States had to change its policy
ok
of isolation.
3. Where was the Japanese Navy defeated by the Reason (R) : He started a programme of Lend
US Navy? Lease in 1941. [QY-2019]
(a) Battle of Guadalcanal (a) Both A and R are correct
(b) Battle of Midway
o
(c) Battle of Leningrad (c) Both A and R are wrong
(d) Battle of El Alamein
ab

[Ans. (b) Battle of Midway] [Ans. (a) Both A and R are correct]
4. Where did the US drop its first atomic bomb?
(a) Kavashaki (b) Innoshima IV. Match the following
(c) Hiroshima (d) Nagasaki
ur
(1) Blitzkrieg - Roosevelt

[Ans. (c) Hiroshima]
(2) Royal Navy - Stalingrad
5. Who were mainly persecuted by Hitler?
(a) Russians (b) Arabs (3) Lend Lease - Solomon Island
(4) Volga - Britain
.s
(c) Turks (d) Jews

[Ans. (d) Jews] (5) Guadalcanal - lightning strike
6. Which Prime Minister of England who signed
w
the Munich Pact with Germany ? Ans. (1) Blitzkrieg - lightning strike
(a) Chamberlain (2) Royal Navy - Britain
(b) Winston Churchill
(3) Lend Lease - Roosevelt
w
(c) Lloyd George

(4) Volga - Stalingrad
(d) Stanley Baldwin[Ans. (a) Chamberlain]
(5) Guadalcanal - Solomon Island
7. When was the Charter of the UN signed?
w
[Sep-2020]
(a) June 26, 1942 (b) June 26, 1945 V. Answer the questions briefly
(c) January 1, 1942 (d) January 1, 1945 1. Who were the three prominent dictators of the
[Ans. (b) June 26, 1945] post World War I ? [PTA-1]
Ans. The post-World War I decades led to the rise of
II. Fill in the blanks : extreme right wing dictatorships in, Italy (Mussolini),
1. Hitler attacked _______ which was a
Germany (Hitler) and Spain (Franco).
demilitarised zone. [Ans. Rhineland]
28
World War II Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE

2. How did Hitler get the support from the people (ii) The objectives of the IMF are: “to foster
of Germany? global monetary cooperation, secure financial
HISTORY
Ans. (i) Adolf Hitler was gifted with great oratorical stability, facilitate international trade, promote
skills, he was able to sway the people by his high employment and sustainable economic
impassioned speeches, promising a return growth and reduce poverty around the world.”
to the glorious military past of Germany. VI. Answer in detail
m
(ii) The fundamental platform on which Hitler 1. Analyse the effects of the World War II.
built his support was the notion of the racial [PTA-2; Sep-2021]
superiority of the Germans as a pure, ‘Aryan’ Ans. Effects of the War:
co
race and a deep-seated hatred of the Jews. New geo-political power alignment :
3. Describe the Pearl Harbour incident. [PTA - 3; (i) World War II changed the world in fundamental
HY-2019; Sep-2020] ways.
Ans. (i) On December 1941, Japan attacked American (ii) The world was polarized into two main blocs
s.
naval installations in Pearl Harbour, Hawaii, led by superpowers, one led by the United
without warning. States with a pronounced anti-Communist
(ii) The idea was to cripple America’s Pacific fleet ideology, and the other by Soviet Russia.
so that Japan would not face any opposition (iii) Europe was divided into two: Communist
ok
in its offensive against Southeast Asian and non-Communist.
countries. Nuclear proliferation :
(iii) Many battleships and numerous fighter (i) The United States and the Soviet Union
planes were destroyed. entered into a race to have more nuclear
o
(iv) The United States declared war on Japan, powered weapons.
with Britain and China also joining in. (ii) They built a large stockpile of such weapons.
ab
(v) Most importantly, it brought the United States Defence spending sky-rocketed in many
with its enormous resources into the war as countries.
a part of the Allies. International agencies :
4. What do you know of Beveridge Report?. (i) Many international agencies, in particular
the United Nations, the World Bank and
ur
Ans. (i) In 1942, the Report commonly known as

the Beveridge Report was published in the the International Monetary Fund came into
United Kingdom. existence providing a forum for countries
large and small.
(ii) It proposed a series of measures which
.s
the government should adopt to provide (ii) Colonial powers were forced to give
citizens with, adequate income, health care, independence to former colonies in a process
education, housing and employment to of decolonization.
overcome poverty and disease which were (iii) India was the first to achieve independence.
w
the major impediments to general welfare. (iv) Women started entering the labour force in
5. Name the Bretton Woods Twins. [QY-2019] greater numbers. Societal notions of stable
The World Bank and the International social relations (marriage, family) changed as
w
Ans. (i)
Monetary Fund, referred to as the “Bretton more and more women became economically
Woods Twins”. independent.
(ii) They were both established in 1945 after 2. Assess the structure and the activities of the UN.
w
[PTA-6; GMQP-2019; QY-2019; Sep-2020]

the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944.
Ans. Administrative Structure
6. What are the objectives of IMF?
Ans. (i) The primary objective of the International (i) The executive wing of the United Nations
is the UN Secretariat. It is headed by the
Monetary Fund (IMF) is to ensure financial
Secretary General, who is elected by the
stability and development across the world.
General Assembly on the recommendation
of the Security Council.


(ii) The Secretary General, along with his cabinet Activities of the UN
and other officials, runs the United Nations. The (i) Over the decades, the United Nations has
HISTORY
International Court of Justice, headquartered expanded its activities in response to the

at The Hague in Holland, is the judicial wing changing problems facing the world.
of the United Nations.
(ii) In the 1960s, decolonization was an important
The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC),
m
(iii) issue.
the fifth organ of the United Nations, is
(iii) Human rights, the problems of refugees,
responsible for coordinating all the economic
climate change, gender equality are all
and social work of the United Nations.
now within the ambit of the activities of
co
(iv) The regional Economic Commissions the United Nations.
functioning for regional development across
(iv) A special mention must be made of the UN
the various regions of the world are organs
Peacekeeping force, which has acted in many
of ECOSOC.
areas of conflict all over the world.
s.
(v) They have been very successful, and have
(v) The Indian army has been an important
been headed by eminent economists like
part of the peacekeeping force and has been
Gunnar Myrdal.
deployed in many parts of the world.
VII. Students activity
1.
map.
o ok
Marking the Allies and Axis countries, as well as important battlefields of World War II in a world
WORLD WAR II AXIS VS ALLIED POWERS ARCTIC OCEAN W E

ab
S
ur
UNITED
STATES U S S R
.s
UNITED NORWAY
DENMARK
CANADA KINGDOM POLAND
MOSCOW
NETHERLANDS GERMANY
BELGIUM HUNGARY
FRANCE
w
UNITED NORTH ROMANIA

SAN STATES ATLANTIC
NORTH FRANSICO BULGARIA
OCEAN CHINA
PACIFIC ITALY GREECE JAPAN
OCEAN
w
HAWAI
ISLAND
INDIAN
BRAZIL OCEAN
w
SOUTH SOUTH AUSTRALIA

PACIFIC ATLANTIC
OCEAN OCEAN
NEW
Axis Power Countries ZEALAND
Allied Power Countries SOUTHERN OCEAN
Not to Scale
ANTARCTIC OCEAN
30
Geography
eography
Unit 1
India – Location,
m
Relief and Drainage
co
s.
GEOGRAPHY
Learning Objectives
ok
ªª To understand the strategic importance of India’s absolute and relative location

in the world
o
ªª To know the distinct characteristics of major physiographic divisions of India
ab
ªª To compare the regions of Great Indian plains

ªª To understand the drainage system of India
ªª To differentiate the Himalayan and peninsular rivers
ur
Exercise
.s
I. Choose the correct answer 4. The Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar separates
India from _______ [PTA-4]
1. The north-south extent of India is
w
(a) Goa (b) West Bengal

(a) 2,500 km (b) 2,933 km
(c) Sri Lanka (d) Maldives
(c) 3,214 km (d) 2,814 km
[Ans. (c) Sri Lanka]
[Ans. (c) 3,214 km]
w
5. The highest peak in South India is

2. _________ River is known as ‘Sorrow of Bihar’.
[GMQP-2019] [PTA-2]
[HY-2019]
(a) Ooty (b) Kodaikanal
(a) Narmada (b) Godavari
(c) Anaimudi (d) Jindhagada
w
(c) Kosi (d) Damodar

[Ans. (c) Anaimudi]
[Ans. (c) Kosi]
6. _____________ Plains are formed by the older
3. A landmass bounded by sea on three sides is
alluviums.
referred to as _________. [PTA-3]
(a) Bhabar (b) Tarai
(a) Coast (b) Island
(c) Bhangar (d) Khadar
(c) Peninsula (d) Strait
[Ans. (c) Bhangar]
[Ans. (c) Peninsula]
Send your Materials , Guides and Question Papers131

to [email protected] (or) Whatsapp - 9385336929

7. Pulicat Lake is located between the states of 3. South Indian rivers are east flowing.
(a) West Bengal and Odisha [PTA-1] Ans. South Indian Rivers are east flowing.
(b) Karnataka and Kerala (i) Most of the South Indian rivers are originates
(c) Odisha and Andhra Pradesh from the Western Ghats.
(d) Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh (ii) The elevation of the western side is higher
m
[Ans. (d) Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh] than the eastern side.
(iii) So, the South Indian Rivers are east flowing
II. Match the following rivers.
co
(1) Tsangpo - Tributary of River 4. West flowing rivers do not form deltas.
Ganga Ans. (i) Most rivers flowing west from the Western
(2) Yamuna - Highest peak in Ghats do not from deltas.
India (ii) Because of the high gradient and they don’t
have to travel much distance to drain into
s.
(3) New alluvium - River Brahmaputra
GEOGRAPHY
in Tibet the sea.

(iii) This prevents them from forming deltas as
(4) Mt. Godwin - Southern part of
their mouths and mostly only estuaries are
Austen (K2) East Coastal Plain
ok
formed.
(5) Coromandel - Khadhar
Coast IV. Distinguish between the following
1. Himalayan rivers and Peninsular rivers.
Ans. (1) Tsangpo - River Brahmaputra
[PTA-5]
o
in Tibet
(2) Yamuna - Tributary of River Ans. S. Himalayan Peninsular
ab
Ganga No. Rivers Rivers

(3) New alluvium - Khadhar 1. These rivers Most of these
(4) Mt. Godwin - Highest peak in originate from the originate from the
Austen (K2) India Himalayas. Western Ghats.
2. They flow in They flow in South
ur
(5) Coromandel - Southern part of

Coast East Coastal Plain North India. India.
III. Give reasons 3. They are long and They are very short
wide. and narrow.
1. Himalayas are called young fold mountains.
.s
4. They are perennial They are non-

[HY-2019]
in nature. perennial in nature
Ans. (i) Himalayas are called young fold mountains and are seasonal
because they have been formed only a few
w
5. They are useful They are useful for

million years ago, and also they were formed
for irrigation and generating Hydro
because of the folding of the earth crust due
navigation. Power.
to tectonic activity.
w
(ii) Himalayas have parallel ranges, sharp pointed 6. Their middle and They are not useful
peaks and steep slopes indicating that they lower courses are for navigation.
are young fold mountains. navigable.
w
2. North Indian Rivers are perennial. [PTA-2]

Ans. (i) North Indian rivers are perennial because they
originate from the snow covered Himalayas.
(ii) The snow covered Himalayan glacier is a
'good source for continuous water and the
rivers are perennial.
Send your Materials , Guides and Question Papers to 132

India – Location, Relief and Drainage Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE

2. Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats. [PTA-1] (iii)Afghanistan (in the North-west).
Ans. S. (iv) China, Nepal and Bhutan (in the North).
Western Ghats Eastern Ghats
No. 2. Give the importance of IST. [PTA-2]
1. The Western The Eastern Ans. (i) The local time of the central meridian of
Ghats from the Ghats form the India is the standard time of India. India’s
m
western edge of the eastern edge of the central meridian is 82°30' E longitude.
peninsular plateau. peninsular plateau. (ii) It passes through Mirzapur and roughly
2. It runs parallel to It runs parallel to bisects the country in terms of longitude.
the Arabian sea the Bay of Bengal
co
(iii) The IST is 5.30 hrs ahead of Greenwich
coast. coast.
Mean Time (GMT).
3. These are These are
continuous discontinuous 3. Write a short note on Deccan Plateau.
[QY-2019; HY-2019]
mountain ranges. mountain ranges.
The physiographic division is the largest part
s.
Ans. (i)
GEOGRAPHY
4. Anaimudi is These join the
a sort of tri- Western Ghats of the plateau region of India. The shape of
junction of the at the Nilgiri this plateau is roughly triangular.
Anaimalai range, hills bordering (ii) One of the sides of this triangle is marked by
ok
the cardamom hills Karnataka and the line joining Kanyakumari with Rajmahal
and the Palani hills. Tamil Nadu. Hills and this line passes through the Eastern
Ghats.
3. Western Coastal Plains and Eastern Coastal
Plains. [HY-2019; Sep-2021] (iii) The second arm is marked by the Satpura
o
Range, Mahadeo Hills, Maikal Range and
S. West Coastal East Coastal the Rajmahal Hills.
Ans.
No. Plains Plains
ab
(iv) The third arm is marked by the Western

1. It lies between It lies between
Ghats. The area of this Plateau is about 7
Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats and
lakh square km and the height ranges from
the Arabian sea. Bay of Bengal.
500 to 1000 m above sea level.
2. It extends from It extends from
4. State the west following rivers of India.[PTA-3]
ur
Rann of kutch West Bengal in

in the North to the North to Tamil Ans. The west following rivers of India are
Kanyakumari in Nadu in the South. (i) Narmada
the South. (ii) Tapti
.s
3. Northern part is The northern (iii) Sabarmathi

known as Konkan part is known as
(iv) Mahi
Coast and Southern Northern Circars
5. Write a brief note on the island group of Lakshadweep.
w
Part is known as and Southern

Malabar Coast. part is known as [PTA-4]
Coromandal coast. Ans. (i) The Lakshadweep islands is a small group
of coral islands located off the west coast
w
4. Vembanad lake is Kolleru, Chilka

found here. and Pulicat lakes of India.
are found here. (ii) It covers an area of 32 sq. km.
(iii) Kavaratti is its administrative capital.
w
V. Answer in brief
(iv) Lakshadweep islands are separated from
1. Name the neighbouring countries of India. the Maldive Islands by the Eight Degree
[GMQP-2019] Channel.
Ans. (i) The neighbouring countries of India are (v) The uninhabited “Pitt Island” of this group
Bangladesh and Myanmar (in the East). has a bird sanctuary.
(ii) Pakistan (in the West).

Unit 2
Climate and Natural
m
Vegetation of India
co
Learning Objectives
s.
ok
ªª To describe the factors controlling the climate of India.
ªª To understand the characteristics of different seasons in India.
ªª To know about the rainfall distribution.
o
ªª To study the different types of natural vegetation and wild life in India.
ab
Exercise
I. Choose the correct answer (c) Tropical Monsoon Climate
1. Western disturbances cause rainfall in ______. (d) Temperate Climate
ur
[Sep-2021] [Ans. (c) Tropical Monsoon climate]

(a) Tamilnadu (b) Kerala 5. The monsoon forests are otherwise called as
(c) Punjab (d) Madhya Pradesh _________. [PTA-4]
.s
[Ans. (c) Punjab] (a) Tropical evergreen forest

2. _________ helps in quick ripening of mangoes (b) Deciduous forest
along the coast of Kerala and Karnataka. (c) Mangrove forest
w
(a) Loo (b) Norwester (d) Mountain forest[Ans. (b) Deciduous forest]
(c) Mango showers (d) Jet stream 6. Sesahachalam hills, a Biosphere reserve is
[Ans. (c) Mango showers] situated in _________.
w
3. _________ is a line joining the places of equal (a) Tamil Nadu (b) Andhra Pradesh
rainfall. [GMQP-19; PTA-1] (c) Madhya Pradesh (d) Karnataka
[Ans. (b) Andhra Pradesh]
w
(a) Isohyets (b) Isobar

(c) Isotherm (d) Latitudes 7. _________ is a part of the world network
[Ans. (a) Isohyets] biosphere reserves of UNESCO
4. Climate of India is labelled as ____. [QY-2019] (a) Nilgiri (b) Agasthiyamalai
(a) Tropical humid (c) Great Nicobar (d) Kachch
(b) Equatorial Climate [Ans. (*) a) Nilgiri, b) Agasthiyamalai,
c) Great Nicobar]

II. Match the following 2. What is meant by ‘normal lapse rate’?
Ans. (i) When the altitude increases, the
(1) Sundarbans - Desert and semi
temperatures decreases.
desert vegetation
(ii) Temperature decreases at the rate of 6.5o C
(2) Biodiversity - October -
for every 1000 metres of ascent.
hotspot December
(iii) It is called normal lapse rate.
m
(3) North east - Littoral forest
monsoon 3. What are ‘Jet streams’? [PTA-1]
(4) Tropical thorn - West Bengal Ans. (i) Jet streams are the fast moving winds
forests blowing in a narrow zone in the upper
co
(5) Coastal forests - The Himalayas atmosphere.
(ii) According to the Jet stream theory, the
Ans. (1) Sundarbans - West Bengal onset of southwest monsoon is driven
by the shift of the sub tropical westerly
(2) Biodiversity - The Himalayas jet from the plains of India towards the
s.
hotspot
GEOGRAPHY
Tibetan plateau.
(3) North east - October - (iii) The easterly jet streams cause tropical
monsoon December depressions both during southwest
(4) Tropical thorn - Desert and semi
ok
monsoon and retreating monsoon.
forests desert vegetation
4. Write a short note on ‘Monsoon wind’.
(5) Coastal forests - Littoral forest
Ans. (i) The word ‘monsoon’ has been derived
III. Consider the given statements and from the Arabic word ‘Mausim’ which
choose the correct option from means ‘season’.
o
the given below ones (ii) Originally, the word ‘monsoon’ was used
1. Assertion(A): The Himalayas acts as a climatic by Arab navigators several centuries ago,
ab
barrier. to describe a system of seasonal reversal

Reason(R): The Himalayas prevents cold winds of winds along the shores of the Indian
from central Asia and keep the Indian Sub- Ocean, especially over the Arabian Sea.
continent warm. (Give option for this questions)
(iii) It blows from the south-west to north-
[PTA-1]
east during summer and from the north-
ur
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true: R explains A

(b) Both (A)and (R)are true:R does not explainA east to south-west during winter.
(c) (A) is true (R) is false 5. Name the four distinct seasons of India.
(d) (A) is false (R) is true Ans. The four distinct seasons of India are;
[Ans. (a) Both (A)and (R) are true: R explains A]
.s
1. Winter or cold weather season

IV. Choose the inappropriate answer (January - February).
1. Tidal forests are found in and around _______. 2. Pre Monsoon or summer or hot weather
season (March - May).
w
(a) Desert
(b) The deltas of Ganga and Brahmaputra 3. Southwest monsoon or rainy season
(c) The delta of Godavari (June - September).
(d) The delta of Mahanadhi [Ans. (a) Desert] 4. Northeast monsoon season
w
(October - December).
2. Climate of India is affected by ______ .[PTA-3]
(a) Latitudinal extent (b) Altitude 6. What is ‘burst of monsoon’? [PTA-4; Sep-2020]
(c) Distance from the sea (d) Soil Ans. (i) Prior to the onset of the southwest
w
[Ans. (d) Soil] monsoon, the temperature in north India

reaches upto 46°C.
V. Answer briefly (ii) The sudden approach of monsoon wind
1. List the factors affecting climate of India.
over south India with lightning and
[Sep-2021] thunder is termed as the ‘break’ or ‘burst
Ans. Climate of India is affected by the factors of monsoon’.
of latitude, altitude, distance from the seas, (iii) It lowers the temperature of India to a
monsoon wind, relief features and jet stream. large extent.
Climate and Natural Vegetation of India Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE

7. Name the areas which receive heavy rainfall. 2. Tropical Evergreen Forest and Deciduous
Ans. The Western coast, Assam, South Meghalaya, Forest. [PTA-4]
Tripura, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh are Ans. S. Tropical
the heavy rainfall areas which get more than Deciduous forest
No. evergreen forest
200cm rainfall.
1. These forests are These forests are
8. State the places of mangrove forests in India.
m
found in areas found in areas
Ans. (i) The Sundarbans located in the Ganga where the annual where the annual
Brahmaputra delta. rainfall is more rainfall is between
(ii) The deltas of Mahanadi, Godavari and than 200 cm 100-200cm
co
Krishna rivers. 2. The main regions They cover a large
(iii) The Pichavaram mangroves in Tamilnadu. are western slopes area of Northern
of western ghats and Peninsular
9. Write any five biosphere reserves in India. and parts of North regions of India
[PTA-6] Eastern states and
s.
GEOGRAPHY
Ans. S. Biosphere State Andaman and
No. Reserves Nicobar Islands
(1) Achanakmar- Madhya Pradesh, 3. The trees are The trees shed
ok
Amarkantak Chattisgarh evergreen and their leaves for a
never shed their few weeks in early
(2) Agasthyamalai Kerala
leaves. summer
(3) Dibru Saikhowa Assam 4. The important The important
(4) Dihang Dibang Arunachal Pradesh trees are Ebony, trees are Teak,
o
(5) Great Nicobar Andaman and Mahogany, Sandalwood,
Nicobar Islands Rosewood and Deodar, Sisam, Sal
ab
Iron wood. and Redwood.

VI. Distinguish between
3. North East Monsoon and South West Monsoon.
1. Weather and Climate. [GMQP-2019; QY-2019] [PTA-6]
Ans. S. Ans. S. North East South West
Weather Climate
No.
ur
No. Monsoon Monsoon

1. It refers to It is the 1. These winds blow These winds blow
the state of accumulation of in a Northeast in a south west
atmosphere of a daily and seasonal direction from direction from
.s
place at a given weather events of a North India the Indian ocean

point of time. given location over towards Bay of towards India (Sea
a period of 30 - 35 Bengal (land to to land)
years.
w
sea)
2. It is a short term It is a long term 2. These winds pick They give heavy
atmospheric atmospheric up moisture from rainfall to west
condition. condition. Bay of bengal and coastal plains and
w
3. It varies It does not vary give heavy rainfall northern plain

constantly. constantly. to the coromandal
4. The study of The study of coast
w
weather is called climate is called 3. They give rain They give rains
meteorology. climatology. during October- during June -
November September.

Unit 3
India -
m
Agriculture
co
Learning Objectives
s.
ªª To understand the nature of India’s soil types and their distribution.
ok
ªª To know about the importance of irrigation and multi-purpose projects in India.
ªª To study about the agriculture, its types and importance.
ªª To understand the livestock and fishing resources of India
o
ªª To comprehend the problems of farming in India.
Exercise
ab
I. Choose the correct answer. (c) Mettur dam

(d) Nagarjuna Sagar dam
1. The soil which is rich in iron oxides is [Ans. (b) Bhakra Nangal dam]
ur
__________. 5. __________ is a cash crop.

(a) Alluvial (b) Black (a) Cotton (b) Wheat
(c) Red (d) Alkaline (c) Rice (d) Maize
[Ans. (c) Red] [Ans. (a) Cotton]
.s
6. Black soils are also called as: [PTA-6]

2. Which of the following organization has (a) Arid soils (b) Saline soils
divided the Indian soils into 8 major groups? (c) Regur soils (d) Mountain soils
(a) Indian Council of Agricultural Research [Ans. (c) Regur soils]
w
(b) Indian Meteorological Department 7. The longest dam in the world is ___________.
(c) Soil Survey of India [PTA-1]
(d) Indian Institute of Soil Science (a) Mettur dam (b) Kosi dam
w
[Ans. (a)
Indian Council of Agricultural (c) Hirakud dam
Research] (d) Bhakra-Nangal dam
3. The soils formed by the rivers are: [Ans. (c) Hirakud dam]
w
(a) Red soils (b) Black soils 8. Which crop is called as “Golden Fibre” in
(c) Desert soils (d) Alluvial soils India? [PTA-2; HY-2019]
[Ans. (d) Alluvial soils] (a) Cotton (b) Wheat
4. _________ dam is the highest gravity dam in (c) Jute (d) Tobacco
India. [Ans. (c) Jute]
(a) Hirakud dam
(b) Bhakra Nangal dam


II. Consider the given statements and Ans. (1) Sugar bowl of - Uttar Pradesh and
choose the right option given below India Bihar
(2) Coffee - Karnataka
1. Assertion (A): Horticulture involves cultivation
of fruits, vegetables, and flowers. (3) Tehri - Highest dam in the
India
Reason (R): India ranks first in the world in the
m
production of mango, banana, and citrus fruits. (4) Hirakud - Mahanadi
[PTA-5] (5) Horticulture - Golden revolution
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A)
(b) Both (A) and (R)are true: (R) does not explain V. Answer in brief.
co
(A) 1. Define soil. [PTA-1]
(c) (A) is correct (R) is false Ans. (i) Soil is one of the most important natural
(d) (A) is false (R) is true resources.
[Ans. (c) (A) is correct (R) is false] (ii) Soil is the uppermost layer of the land surface,
s.
2. Assertion (A): Alluvial soil is formed by the usually composed of minerals, organic matter,
GEOGRAPHY
deposition of eroded and decayed materials brought living organisms, air and water.
by the rivers. 2. Name the types of soil found in India.
Reason (R): Paddy and wheat are grown well in
ok
Ans. Types of Soils. [HY-2019]
the soil.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) explains (A) (i) Alluvial soil
(b) Both (A) and (R)are true and (R) does not (ii) Black soil
explain (A) (iii) Red soil
(c) (A) is correct (R) is false (iv) Laterite soil
o
(d) (A) is false (R) is true
[Ans. (b) Both (A) and (R)are true and (R) does (v) Forest and mountain soil
(vi) Arid and desert soil
ab
not explain (A)]

(vii) Saline and alkaline soil
III. Pick the odd one out (viii) Peaty and marshy soil
1. (a) Wheat (b) Rice 3. State any two characteristics of black cotton soil.
(c) Millets (d) Coffee Ans. (i) Formation : Derived from basalts of Deccan
ur
[Ans. (d) Coffee] trap.

2. (a) Khadar (b) Bhangar (ii) Colour : black colour, due to presence of
(c) Alluvial soil (d) Black soil titanium, iron.
(iii) Rich in potash lime, Aluminium calcium and
.s
[GMQP-19; HY-2019]
[Ans. (d) Black soil] magnesium poor in Nitrogen Phosphoric
acid and humus.
3. (a) Inundational canals (b) Perennial canals
Define Agriculture.
w
(c) Tanks (d) Canals 4.

[PTA-1] Ans. Agriculture is the process of producing food for
[Ans. (c) Tanks] people, fodder for cattle, fiber and many other desired
IV. Match the following products by the cultivation of certain plants and
w
the raising of domesticated animals (livestock).

(1) Sugar bowl of - Mahanadi
5. State the types of agriculture practices in India.
India
[GMQP-2019]
w
(2) Coffee - Golden revolution Ans. The types of agriculture practices in India are,
(3) Tehri - Karnataka (i) Subsistence Farming
(4) Hirakud - Uttar Pradesh and (ii) Shifting Agriculture
Bihar (iii) Intensive Farming
(5) Horticulture - Highest dam in the (iv) Dry Farming
India (v) Mixed Farming
(vi) Terrace Farming

India - Agriculture Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE

6. Name the seasons of agriculture in India. 2. Rain water harvesting is necessary.
Ans. Cropping Seasons : [PTA-2 & QY 2019] [GMQP-2019; QY-2019]
(i) Kharif Season : June - September Ans. Rain water harvesting is important because
(ii) Rabi Season : October - March (i) To conquer the deficiency of surface water
to meet our demands.
(iii) Zaid Season : April - June (ii) To capture the decline in ground water
m
7. Mention the plantation crops of India. [PTA-6] levels.
Ans. Tea, Coffee, Rubber and Spices are the major Above all, India is dependent on Monsoon
plantation crops of India. rainfall.
co
8. What do you mean by livestock? [PTA-5] VII. Distinguish between the following
Ans. (i) Livestock is an integral component of the 1. Rabi and Kharif crop seasons. [PTA-6]
farming system in India. Ans. S.
Rabi Kharif
(ii) The livestock sector is socially and economically No.
very significant due to its multi-functional
s.
GEOGRAPHY
1. Sown in October - Sown in June - July
outputs and contribution to socio-cultural November. with the onset
security.
of South West
(iii) It also helps to improve food and nutritional
ok
monsoon.
security by providing nutrient-rich food
products, generate income and employment 2. Harvested in April Harvested in
and act as a cushion against crop failure, - May September -
provide draught power and manure inputs October.
to the crop subsector. 3. Weather is warm. Weather is hot.
o
9. Write a brief note on the categories of fisheries 4. Major crops are Major crops are
in India. wheat, oat, gram, rice, Jowar, bajra,
ab
Ans. (i) Fisheries in India are a very important grain, pea, barley, maize, cotton,
economic activity and a flourishing sector potato, tomato, groundnut,
with varied resources and potentials. onion and oil jute, sugarcane,
(ii) In India, fishing is categorised into two seeds. turmeric, pulses
types: they are etc.
ur
1. Marine or Sea Fisheries : 2. Inundational canal and Perennial canal

It includes coastal, off-shore and deep sea fisheries
mainly on the continental shelves. Kerala leads in Ans. S.
Inundation canal Perennial canal
No.
.s
the marine fish production in India.

2. Inland or Fresh Water Fisheries : 1. In this, water is These are
Rivers, lakes, canals, reservoirs, ponds, tanks etc. taken out directly developed from
are the sources of fresh water and provide fresh water from the rivers perennial rivers
w
fisheries. About 50 percent of the country’s total without making by constructing

fish production comes from the inland fisheries and any kind of barrage barrage to regulate
Andhra Pradesh is the leading producer in India.
or dam. the flow of water.
w
VI. Give reasons 2. Such canals are In our country,

1. Agriculture is the backbone of India. [PTA-1] useful for the most of the canals
Ans. (i) Agriculture is the backbone of India diversion of flood fall under this
w
because majority of the India's population water from the category. These
are dependent on agriculture its allied
rivers and remain canals are useful
activities and agro-based industries.
operational during for irrigation.
(ii) According to 2011 Agricultural census of
India, an estimated 61.5% of the people rainy season.
are dependent on agriculture.

Unit 4
India-Resources and
m
Industries
co
s.
Learning Objectives
ªª To learn about the resource and its types.
ok
ªª To understand the concept of renewable and non-renewable resources.
ªª To identify the different types and distribution of industries in India.
o
ªª To analyse the problems of Indian industries.
ab
Exercise
I. Choose the correct answer 5. The first Nuclear Power Station was
commissioned in
ur
[PTA-2]
1. Manganese is used in______.
(a) Gujarat (b) Rajasthan
(a) Storage batteries (b) Steel Making
(c) Maharashtra (d) Tamil nadu
(c) Copper smelting
[Ans. (c) Maharashtra]
(d) Petroleum Refining
.s
6. The most abundant source of energy is

[Ans. (b) Steel Making]
(a) Bio mass (b) Sun
2. The Anthracite coal has ___________.
(c) Coal (d) Oil
(a) 80 to 95% Carbon
[Ans. (b) Sun]
w
(b) Above 70% Carbon

7. The famous Sindri Fertilizer Plant is located in
(c) 60 to 70% Carbon
(a) Jharkhand (b) Bihar
(d) Below 50% Carbon
(c) Rajasthan (d) Assam
w
[Ans. (a) 80 to 95% Carbon]

[Ans. (a) Jharkhand]
3. The most important constituents of petroleum
8. The nucleus for the development of the
are hydrogen and [PTA-3]
chotanagpur plateau region is [QY-2019]
(a) Oxygen (b) Water
w
(a) Transport
(c) Carbon (d) Nitrogen
(b) Mineral Deposits
[Ans. (c) Carbon]
(c) Large demand
4. The city which is called as the Manchester of
(d) Power Availability
south India is
[Ans. (b) Mineral Deposits]
(a) Chennai (b) Salem
(c) Madurai (d) Coimbatore
[Ans. (d) Coimbatore]

II. Match the following (iii)It is formed when layers of decomposed
plants and animals are exposed to intense
1. Bauxite - Cement heat and pressure over thousands of years.
2. Gypsum - Aircraft 5. Name the different types of coal with their carbon
content. [PTA-1]
3. Black Gold - Electrical goods
Ans. Based on carbon content, it is classified in to the
m
4. Iron ore - Coal following types.
5. Mica - Magnetite (i) Anthracite : 80 to 90%
(ii) Bituminous : 60 to 80%
Ans. 1. Bauxite - Aircraft
co
(iii) Lignite : 40 to 60%
2. Gypsum - Cement (iv) Peat : less than 40%
3. Black Gold - Coal 6. Mention the major areas of jute production in
India.
4. Iron ore - Magnetite
Ans. (i) The major jute producing areas are in West
s.
5. Mica - Electrical goods
GEOGRAPHY
Bengal and concentrated along the Hooghly

III. Answer the following questions river within the radius of six kilometre of
briefly Kolkata.
ok
1. Define the resource and state its types. (ii) Titagarh, Jagatdat, Budge-Budge, Haora
Ans. (i) Any matter or energy derived from the and Bhadreshwar are the chief centres of
environment that is used by living things jute industry.
including humans is called a natural resource. (iii) Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh,
(ii) Natural resources include air, water, soil, Assam, Chhattisgarh and Odisha are the
o
minerals, fossil fuels, plants, wild life etc. other jute goods producing areas.
Based on continued availability, the resources
are categorised into two types. 7. Name the important oil producing regions of
ab
(iii) Renewable Resources India. [QY-2019] [PTA-2]

(iv) Non- Renewable resources Ans.
2. What are the minerals and state its types? S. Western coast Eastern coast offshore
Ans. (i) Mineral is a natural substance of organic No offshore oil fields Fields
or inorganic origin with definite chemical
ur
and physical properties. (1) Mumbai high Brahmaputra valley

(ii) On the basis of chemical and physical oil fields (largest (Dibrugarh and Sibsagar
properties, minerals are broadly grouped 65%) districts of upper Assam.)
under two categories. (2) Gujarat coast (2nd Digboi oil feilds (oldest
.s
(iii) They are metallic and non-metallic minerals. largest) fields in country)
3. State the uses of magnesium. [PTA-3] (3) Basseim oil feild, Nahoratiya oil fields
Ans. (i) It is an important mineral used for making south of Mumbai (south west of digboi)
iron and steel and serves as basic raw material
w
high
for alloying.
(ii) Due to its light weight and strength, It is used (4) Aliabet oil Moran-Hugrijan oil
in making many vehicle parts especially in feild, south of field (Southwest of
trucks and automobiles. Bhavanagar Nahoratiya)
w
(iii) It is also used in the manufacturing of bleaching (5) Ankleshwar Rudrasagar-Lawa oil
powder, insecticides, paints and batteries. fields (sibsagar districts
4. What is natural gas? of Assam)
w
Ans. (i) Natural gas usually accompanies the petroleum

accumulations. (6) Cambay-Luni Surrma valley (Badarpur,
(ii) It is naturally occurring hydro carbon gas Region Masimpur, Patharia)
mixture consisting primarily of methane, (7) Ahemedabad- offshore of Andaman and
but commonly includes varying amounts of Kalol Region Nicobar, Gulf of mannar,
other higher alkanes and sometimes a small Baleshwar coast, Punjab,
percentage of carbon dioxide, nitrogen and Haryana and Uttar
hydrogen sulphides. Pradesh.

3. Coal mining centres.
INDIA - STATES
m
India Coal Resources
co
s.
GEOGRAPHY
o ok
Singrauli
Rajmahal
Bokaro Jharia
Raniganj
Korba
ab
Talcher
Wardha
ur
Godavari valley
.s
w
w
w

India-Resources and Industries Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE

4. Areas of cultivation of cotton.
INDIA - OUTLINE
Cultivation of Cotton
m
co
Cotton
growing
area
s.
GEOGRAPHY
o ok
ab
5. Iron and Steel industries.
INDIA - OUTLINE
ur
Iron and steel Industries

.s
Burnpur
Bokaro
w
Jamshedpur Durgapur
Rourkela
Bhilai
w
Vishakapatnam
w
Bhadravati
Salem

C
Civics
ivics
Unit 1
m
Indian Constitution
co
s.
Learning Objectives
ok
ªª To know about the making of Indian Constitution

ªª To know the Salient features of Indian Constitution
o
ªª To understand the Fundamental Rights and Duties
ab
ªª To know the Directive Principles of State Policy

ªª To understand the Centre-State relations and the Emergency Provisions
ur
Evaluation
.s
I. Choose the correct answer 3. A foreigner can acquire Indian citizenship

through
1. Which of the following sequences in right (a) Descent
w
regarding the Preamble? (b) Registration

(a) Republic, democratic, secular, socialist, sovereign (c) Naturalisation
(b) Sovereign, socialist, secular, republic, democratic (d) All of the above [Ans. (c) Naturalisation]
w
(c) Sovereign, republic, secular, socialist, democratic

4. Find the odd one out. [PTA-2]
(d) Sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic, republic (a) Right to Equality
[Ans. (d) Sovereign, socialist, secular, (b) Right against Exploitation
w
democratic, republic] (c) Right to Property

2. How many times has the Preamble to the (d) Cultural and Educational Rights
Constitution of India amended? [Ans. (c) Right to Property]
(a) Once (b) Twice
(c) Thrice (d) Never
[Ans. (a) Once]


5. One of the following is not an instance of an Select the correct answer from the codes given
exercise of a fundamental right? [PTA-6] below
(a) Workers from Karnataka go to Kerala to work (a) 1, 2 & 3 (b) 1 & 2
on the farms (c) 1 & 3 (d) 2 & 3
(b) Christian missions set up a chain of missionary
[Ans. (b) 1 & 2]
schools
m
II. Fill in the blanks
(c) Men and Women government employees got
the same salary. 1. The concept of constitution first originated in
(d) Parents property is inherited by their children ________. [Ans. U.S.A] [QY-2019]
co
[Ans. (d) Parents property is inherited by their 2. ________was elected as the temporary President
children] of the Constituent Assembly.
6. Which one of the following rights was described [Ans. Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha]
by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar as the heart and soul of 3. The Constitution of India was adopted
s.
the Constitution? [Sep-2020] on________. [Ans. November 26, 1949]
(a) Right to freedom of religion 4. ________ writs are mentioned in Article 32.
(b) Right to equality [Ans. Five]
ok
(c) Right to Constitutional remedies
5. Fundamental duties have been given to the
(d) Right to property citizen of India under Article________.
[Ans. (c) Right to Constitutional remedies] [Ans. 51A]
7. How can the Fundamental Rights be suspended? III. Match the following
o
(a) If the Supreme Court so desires
(b) If the Prime Minister orders to this effect (1) Citizenship Act - Jawaharlal Nehru
(2) The Preamble - 42nd Amendment
ab
(c) If the President orders it during the national

emergency (3) The mini - 1955
(d) All of the above Constitution
[Ans. (c) If the President orders it during the (4) Classical - 1962
national emergency] language
ur
CIVICS
8. We borrowed the Fundamental Duties from the (5) National - Tamil

(a) American Constitution Emergency
(b) Canadian Constitution
Ans. (1) Citizenship Act - 1955
.s
(c) Russian Constitution

(d) Irish Constitution (2) The Preamble - Jawaharlal Nehru
[Ans. (c) Russian Constitution] (3) The mini - 42nd Amendment
w
9. Under which Article financial emergency can Constitution

be proclaimed? (4) Classical - Tamil
(a) Article 352 (b) Article 356 language
w
(c) Article 360 (d) Article 368 (5) National - 1962

[Ans. (c) Article 360] Emergency
10. Which of the following committees/commissions
IV. Give short answers
w
made recommendations about the Centre-State

Relations? 1. What is a Constitution?
1. Sarkaria Commission Ans. (i) The Constitution is the fundamental law of
2. Rajamannar Committee a country which reflects the fundamental
3. M.N.Venkatachaliah Commission principles on which the government of that
country is based.
(ii) It is the vehicle of a Nation’s progress.

Unit 2
m
Central Government
co
s.
Learning Objectives
ok
ªª To know the powers of the President and Vice President

ªª To Know the about the Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
o
ªª To understand the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
ªª To know about Supreme Court
ab
Evaluation
I. Choose the correct answer 4. What is minimum age laid down for a
ur
candidate to seek election to the Lok Sabha?

1. The Constitutional Head of the Union is (a) 18 years (b) 21 years
(a) The President (c) 25 years (d) 30 years
(b) The Chief Justice [Ans. (c) 25 years]
.s
(c) The Prime Minister 5. The authority to alter the boundaries of state in
(d) Council of Ministers India rest with? [PTA-4]
[Ans. (a) The President] (a) The President
(b) The Prime Minister
w
2. Who among the following decides whether a (c) State Government

Bill is a Money Bill or not? (d) Parliament [Ans. (d) Parliament]
(a) The President 6. Under which Article the President is vested with
w
(b) Attorney General the power to proclaim Financial Emergency?

(c) Parliamentary Affairs Minister (a) Article 352 (b) Article 360
(d) Speaker of Lok Sabha (c) Article 356 (d) Article 365
w
[Ans. (d) Speaker of Lok Sabha] [Ans. (b) Article 360]

3. The Council of Ministers is collectively 7. The Chief Justice and other Judges of the
responsible to the: [PTA-1] Supreme court are appointed by:
(a) The President (a) The President
(b) Lok Sabha (b) The Attorney General
(c) The Prime Minister (c) The Governor
(d) Rajya Sabha [Ans. (b) Lok Sabha] (d) The Prime Minister
[Ans. (a) The President]


II. Fill in the blanks (a) ii & iv are correct
1. _________ Bill cannot be introduced in the Parliament (b) iii & iv are correct
without President’s approval. [Ans. Money] (c) i & iv are correct
2. __________ is the leader of the nation and chief (d) i & ii are correct
spokesperson of the country. [Ans. (a) ii & iv are correct]
m
[Ans. The Prime Minister]
IV. Match the following
3. __________ is the Ex-officio Chairperson of the
(1) Article 53 - State Emergency
Rajya Sabha.[Ans. The Vice-President] [PTA-6]
co
4. ________ has the right to speak and to take part in (2) Article 63 - Internal Emergency
the proceedings of both Houses of the Parliament. (3) Article 356 - Executive power of
[Ans. Attorney General] President
5. The Chief Justice and other judges of the Supreme (4) Article 76 - Office of the Vice
s.
Court hold the office up to the age of ________years. President
[Ans. 65] [GMQP-19] (5) Article 352 - Office of the Attorney
6. ________ is the Guardian of the Constitution. General
ok
[Ans. The Supreme Court] [QY-2019] Ans. (1) Article 53 - Executive power of
7. At present, the Supreme Court consists of _______ President
judges including the chief justice. [Ans. 28] (2) Article 63 - Office of the Vice
III. Choose the correct statement President
o
1. i. Total members of the Rajya Sabha is 250. (3) Article 356 - State Emergency
ii. The 12 nominated members shall be chosen (4) Article 76 - Office of the Attorney
ab
by the President from amongst persons General

experience in the field of literature, science, (5) Article 352 - Internal Emergency
art, or social service V. Answer the brief questions
iii. The Members of the Rajya Sabha should not
1. How is President of India elected?
ur
be less than 30 years of age.

CIVICS
[PTA-1; HY-2019; Sep-2020]

iv. The members of the Rajya Sabha are directly Ans. (i) The President of India is elected by an electoral
elected by the peoples. college in accordance with the system of
(a) ii & iv are correct proportional representation by means of
.s
(b) iii & iv are correct single transferable vote.

(c) i & iv are correct (ii) The Electoral College consists of the elected
members of both houses of Parliament and
w
(d) i, ii & iii are correct

the elected members of the states and elected
[Ans. (d) i, ii & iii are correct]
members of National Capital Territory of
2. i. The Chief Justice and other judges of the Delhi and Puducherry.
w
Supreme Court hold the office up to the age (iii) The president is elected for a term of five
of 62 years. years and can be re-elected.
ii. Judiciary is the third organ of the government. 2. What are the different categories of Ministers
w
iii. The cases involving fundamental rights at the Union level?

come under the Appellate jurisdiction of Ans. The ministers are classified under three ranks.
the Supreme Court. They are,
iv. The law declared by Supreme Court is binding (i) Cabinet Ministers
on all courts within the territory of India.
(ii) Ministers of State
(iii) Deputy Ministers.

Central Government Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE

3. What is the qualification of Judges of the Supreme Judicial Powers
Court? Article 72 confers on the President power to
Ans. (i) He must be a citizen of India. grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions
(ii) He should have worked as a Judge of a High of punishment, or to commute the sentence of
Court for at least 5 years. any person convicted of an offence.
2. Explain any three Jurisdiction of the supreme
m
(iii) He should have worked as an advocate of
High Court for at least 10 years. court of India. [PTA-5]
Ans. (a) Original Jurisdiction
(iv) He is in the opinion of the President, a
The cases which are brought directly in the first
co
distinguished Jurist.
instance to the Supreme Court come under original
4. Write short note: Money Bill [GMQP-2019]
jurisdiction. These may be
Ans. (i) Money bill refers to bill introduced in the (i) dispute between the Government of India
Lok Sabha of Indian Parliament. and one or more States of
It generally covers the issue of receipt and
s.
(ii) (ii) Dispute between two or more states
spending of money, such as tax laws, laws (iii) The writs are issued by the Supreme Court for
governing, borrowing and expenditure of the enforcement of the fundamental rights.
Government, prevention of black money etc.
ok
(b) Appellate Jurisdiction
5. List out any two special powers of the Attorney
(i) The Supreme Court is the final appellate
General of India. [QY-2019]
court in the country.
Ans. (i) Attorney General of India has the right to (ii) As regard the Appellate jurisdiction, the
speak and to take part in the proceedings Supreme Court hears appeals against the
o
of both Houses of the Parliament. decisions of High Court in “civil, criminal
(ii) He enjoys all the privileges and immunities and Constitutional” cases with a certificate
ab
that are available to a member of Parliament. from the High Court that it is fit to appeal
(iii) Attorney General of India has the right of in the Supreme Court.
audience in all courts in the territory of India. (iii) Such a case can be brought before the Supreme
VI. Answer in detail Court only if the High Court certifies that
the case invites a substantial of law as to the
ur
1. Describe the Executive and Judicial Powers of
CIVICS
the President of India. [Sep-2021] interpretation of the Constitution.
Ans. Executive Powers (c) Advisory Jurisdiction
Article 77 requires that every executive action of the The Constitution confers on the President the power
.s
Union shall be taken in the name of the President. to refer to the Supreme Court any question of law
(i) He appoints the Prime Minister and the or fact which in his opinion is of public importance.
other members of the Council of Ministers, 3. What are the Duties and functions of Prime
Minister of India? [PTA-2]
w
distributing portfolios to them on the advice

of the Prime Minister. Ans. Duties and functions of Prime Minister
(ii) He is responsible for making a wide variety Article 78 mentioned the duties of the Prime
of appointments. Minister :
w
(iii) These include the appointment of Governors (i) The Prime Minister decides the rank of his
of States, the Chief Justice and other Judges ministers and distributes various departments.
of the Supreme Court and high Courts, the (ii) To converse to the President all decisions
w
Attorney General, the Comptroller and Auditor of the Council of Ministers connecting to
General, the Chief Election Commissioner and the government of the affairs of the Union
other Election Commissioners the Chairman and proposals for legislation.
and other Members of the Union Public (iii) The Prime Minister is the Head of the Cabinet
Service Commission Ambassadors and High and the other ministers are his colleagues.
Commissioners to other countries.

Economics
conomics
Unit 1
Gross Domestic Product
m
and its Growth:
An Introduction
co
s.
Learning Objectives
ok
ªª To know about the meaning of Gross Domestic Product
ªª To Understand the basic various measures of National Income
o
ªª To Understand the composition of GDP
ªª To know the contribution of different sectors in GDP
ab
ªª To know the economic growth and development and its differences

ªª To know about Development path based on GDP And Employment
ªª To understand the growth of GDP and Economic Policies
ur
Evaluation
.s
I. Choose the correct answer 3. Primary sector consist of

(a) Agriculture
1. GNP equals
w
(a) NNP adjusted for inflation (b) Automobiles

(b) GDP adjusted for inflation (c) Trade
(c) GDP plus net property income from abroad (d) Banking [Ans. (a) Agriculture]
w
(d) NNP plus net property income or abroad 4. ______ approach is the value added by each
[Ans. (c) GDP plus net property income from intermediate good is summed to estimate the
abroad] value of the final good.
w
(a) Expenditure approach

2. National Income is a measure of
(b) Value added approach
(a) Total value of money
(c) Income approach
(b) Total value of producer goods
(d) National Income
(c) Total value of consumption goods
(d) Total value of goods and services [Ans. (b) Value added approach]
[Ans. (d) Total value of goods and services]


5. Which one sector is highest employment in the (3) GST - Industry Sector
GDP? [PTA-5]
(4) Per capita - Agriculture
(a) Agricultural sector
income
(b) Industrial sector
(5) C+I+G+(X-M) - Tax on goods and
(c) Service sector
service
m
(d) None of the above.[Ans. (c) Service sector]
Ans.
6. Gross value added at current prices for services
sector is estimated at ______ lakh crore in (1) Electricity/ Gas - Industry Sector
2018-19. and Water
co
(a) 91.06 (b) 92.26 (2) Price policy - Agriculture
(c) 80.07 (d) 98.29 (3) GST - Tax on goods and
[Ans. (b) 92.26] service
7. India is ______ larger producer in agricultural (4) Per capita - National Income /
s.
product. income Population
(a) 1st (b) 3rd (c) 4th (d) 2nd (5) C+I+G+(X-M) - Gross Domestic
[Ans. (d) 2nd] Product
ok
8. India’s life expectancy at birth is ______ years. IV. Give short answer
(a) 65 (b) 60 (c) 70 (d) 55 1. Define National income. [QY-2019]
[HY-2019] [Ans. (a) 65] Ans. (i) National Income is a measure of the
9. Which one is a trade policy? total money value of goods and services
o
(a) irrigation policy produced by an economy over a period of
(b) import and export policy time, normally a year.
ab
(c) land-reform policy (ii) Commonly National Income is called

as Gross National Product (GNP) or
(d) wage policy
National Dividend.
[Ans. (b) import and export policy]
2. What is meant by Gross domestic product?
10. Indian economy is
[PTA-6]
ur
(a) Developing Economy

Ans. (i) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total
(b) Emerging Economy
value of output of goods and services
(c) Dual Economy produced by the factors of production
[Ans. (d) All the above]
.s
(d) All the above within the geographical boundaries of the

country.
II. Fill in the blanks (ii) GDP represents the economic health of a
1. _____ is the primary sector in India. country.
w
[Ans. Agriculture]
3. Write the importance of Gross domestic
2. GDP is the indicator of _____ economy. product.
[Ans. Health of a country’s] Ans. Importance of GDP are,
w
3. Secondary sector otherwise called as _____. (i) Study of Economic Growth.

ECONOMICS
[Ans. Industrial Sector] (ii) Problems of inflation and deflation.

w
(iii) Estimate the purchasing power.

III. Match the following
(iv) Study of Public Sector.
(1) Electricity/ Gas - National Income /
and Water Population 4. What is per capita income?
[PTA-3; GMQP-2019; HY-2019]
(2) Price policy - Gross Domestic
Ans. (i) Per capita Income (or) output per person
Product
is an indicator to show the living standard
of people in a country.
Gross Domestic Product and its Growth: An Introduction Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE
(ii) It is obtained by dividing the National (2) It includes profit earned from capital
Income by the population of a country. invested abroad.
National Income (3) GNP = C+I+G+ (X–M) + NFIA

(iii) Per capita Income =
Population C = Consumption
I = Investment
m
5. Define the value added approach with example.
G = Government
Ans. (i) In the value-added approach the value added Expenditure
by each intermediate good is summed to
estimate the value of the final good. X – M = Export – Import
co
(ii) The sum of the value added by all the NFIA = Net Factor Income from
intermediate goods used in production Abroad
gives us the total value of the final goods (ii) Gross Domestic Product (GDP) :
produced in the economy. Gross Domestic Product is the total value
s.
(iii) For Example : A cup of tea served to you in of output of goods and services produced
a hotel is a "final good". The goods used to by the factors of production within the
produce it, tea power, milk and sugar are geographical boundaries of the country.
“intermediate goods”.
ok
(iii) Net National Product (NNP) :
6. Write the name of economic policies in India.
(1) Net National Product is arrived
Ans. (i) Agriculture Policy
by making some adjustment with
(ii) Industrial Policy
regard to depreciation.
(iii) New Economic Policy
o
(2) NNP = GNP – Depreciation
7. Write a short note
(i) Gross National Happiness (GNH) (iv) Net Domestic Product (NDP) :
ab
(ii) Human Development Index(HDI) (1) Net Domestic Product is a part of

Ans. (i) Gross National Happiness (GNH) : Gross Domestic Product.
The term Gross National Happiness was coined (2) NDP is obtained from the Gross
in 1972 during an interview by a British journalist Domestic Product by deducting the
for the Financial Times at Bombay airport Quantum of tear and wear expenses
ur
when the then king of Bhutan, Jigme Singye (Depreciation).

Wangchuck, said “Gross National Happiness is
more important than Gross National Product. (3) NDP = GDP – Depreciation
(ii) Human Development Index : (v) Per Capita Income (PCI) :
.s
The HDI is a composite index of life expectancy (1) Per capita Income or output per
at birth, adult literacy rate and standard of living person is an indicator to show
measured as a logarithmic function of GDP, the living standard of people in a
w
adjusted to purchasing power parity. country.

(2) It is obtained by dividing the
V. Write in detail answer
National income by the population
w
1. Briefly explain various terms associated with of a country.

ECONOMICS
measuring of national income.

National Income
[PTA-1; Sep-2021] PCI =
Ans. Various terms associated with measuring of Population
w
National Income are as follows : (vi) Personal Income (PI) :

(i) Gross National Product (GNP) : (1) Personal Income is the total money
(1) Gross National Product is the income received by individuals and
total value of goods and services households of a country from all
produced and income received in possible sources before direct taxes.
a year by domestic residents of a
country.

(2) PI expressed as, (3) For example : A cup of tea served to
you in a hotel is a "final good".
PI = N1 corporate income taxes
(4) The goods used to produce it,
– Undistributed corporate tea powder, milk and sugar are
profits – Social security "Intermediate goods", since they
contribution + Transfer form a part of the final goods, the
m
Payment. cup of tea.
(5) One way to measure the market
(vii) Disposable Income (DI) : value of the cup of tea is to add
(1) Disposable income means actual the value produced by each
co
income which can be spent on intermediate good used, to produce
consumption by individuals and it. Each intermediate good, the tea
families. powder, milk and sugar, adds value
(2) It can be expressed as, to the final output, the cup of tea.
s.
(3) DPI = PI – Direct taxes 3. Write about the composition of GDP in India.
Ans. Composition of Gross domestic Product
(From consumption approach DI (GDP) : Indian economy is broadly divided into
three sectors as follows.
ok
= Consumption Expenditures +
(i) Primary Sector (Agricultural Sector) :
Savings)
(1) Agricultural sector is known as
2. What are the methods of calculating Gross primary sector, in which agricultural
Domestic Product? and explain its. operations are undertake.
[PTA-4; GMQP-2019; HY-2019] (2) Agriculture based allied activities,
o
Ans. Methods of calculating GDP are as follows : production of raw materials such as
cattle farm, fishing, mining, forestry,
(i) Expenditure Approach :
ab
corn, coal etc., are also undertaken.

(1) In this method, the GDP is measured (ii) Secondary Sector (Industrial Sector) :
by adding the expenditure on all the [PTA-2]
final goods and services produced (1) Industrial sector is secondary
in the country during a specified sectors in which the goods and
ur
period. commodities are produced by

transforming the raw materials.
(2) Y=C+I+G+X–M
(2) Important industries are Iron
(ii) The Income Approach : and Steel industry, cotton, textile,
Jute, Sugar, Cement, Paper,
.s
(1) This method looks at GDP from the

perspective of the earnings of the Petrochemical, automobile and
men and women who are involved other small scale industries.
in producing the goods and services. (iii) Tertiary (Service Sector) :
w
(2) The income approach to measuring (1) Tertiary sector is known as service
sector it includes Government,
GDP (Y) is scientific research, transport
communication, trade, postal and
w
Y = Wages + Rent + Interest + Profit

telegraph, Banking, Education,
(iii) Value Added Approach :
ECONOMICS
Entertainment, Healthcare and

(1) In the value added approach the Information Technology etc.,
value added by each intermediate
w
(2) In the 20th Century, economists

good is summed to estimate the began to suggest that, traditional
value of the final good. tertiary services could be further
(2) The sum of the value added by all distinguished from “quaternary”
the intermediate goods used in and “quinary” service sectors.
production gives us the total value
of the final goods produced in the
economy.

Gross Domestic Product and its Growth: An Introduction Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE
4. Write any five differences between the growth and development. [QY-2019]
Ans. Difference between Economic Growth and Economic Development.
Comparison between
S. No. Economic Growth and Economic Growth Economic Development
Economic Development
m
1. Definition / Meaning It is the positive It considers the rise in the output
quantitative change in the in an economy along with the
output of an economy in a advancement of HDI index which
particular time period. considers a rise in living standards
co
advancement in technology and
overall happiness index of a nation.
2. Concept Economic growth is the Economic development is the
‘Narrower’ concept. ‘Broader’ concept.
s.
3. Nature of Approach Quantitative in nature Qualitative in nature
4. Scope Rise in parameters like Rise in life expectancy rate, infant,
GDP, GNP, FDI, FII etc. improvement in literacy rate, infant
ok
mortality rate and poverty rate etc.
5. Term / Tenure Short term in nature Long term in nature
5. Explain the following the economic policies (4) Several industrial policies since
1. Agricultural Policy 1948, Industrial policy on large
o
2. Industrial policy scale industries.
3. New economic policy (5) Eg. : Textile Industry Policy, Price
Policy of Industrial growth, Sugar
ab
Ans. (i) Agricultural Policy :

Industry Policy etc.
(1) Agricultural Policy is the set of
(iii) New Economic Policy :
government decisions and actions
relating to domestic agriculture (1) The economy of India had
and imports of foreign agricultural undergone policy in the beginning
ur
products. of the 1990s.

(2) Some over arching themes include (2) This new model of economic
risk management and adjustment, reforms is commonly known as the
economic stability, natural resources LPG - Liberalisation, Privatisation
.s
and environmental sustainability and Globalisation.

research and development, and (3) These economic reforms had
market access for domestic influenced the overall economic
commodities. growth of the country in a significant
w
(3) Some Agricultural Policies are Price manner.

Policy, Land Reform Policy, Green VII. Activity and project
Revolution, Irrigation policy, Food
w
Policy, Agricultural Labour Policy 1. Students are collect the Gross Domestic
ECONOMICS
and Co-operative Policy etc. Product datas of Tamilnadu and compare the
(ii) Industrial Policy : other state of Karnataka and Kerala’s GDP.
Ans. Activity to be done by the Students themselves
w
(1) Industrial development is a very

important aspect of any economy. 2. Students are collect the details of Employment
(2) It creates employment, promotes growth of Tamilnadu.
research and development leads Ans. Activity to be done by the Student themselves
to modernization and ultimately
makes the economy self sufficient.
(3) It is also closely related to the
development of trade.
Unit 2
m
Globalization and Trade
co
s.
Learning Objectives
ok
ªª To know the meaning and history of globalization
o
ªª To know the trade and traders in South India historical perspective
ªª To know the evolution of growth of MNC
ab
ªª To know the fair trade practices and WTO

ªª To understand the impact and challenges of globalization
ur
Evaluation
.s
I. Choose the correct answer 3. GATT’s first round held in

(a) Tokyo (b) Uruguay
1. Who is the head of the World Trade (c) Torquay (d) Geneva
w
Organisation (WTO)? [PTA-1] [Ans. (d) Geneva]

(a) Ministerial conference
4. India signed the Dunket proposal in
(b) Director General
(a) 1984 (b) 1976
w
(c) Deputy Director General

(c) 1950 (d) 1994
(d) None of these [Ans. (b) Director General] [Ans. (d) 1994]
2. Colonial advent in India [PTA-3] 5. Who granted the English “Golden Fireman” in
w
(a) Portuguese, Dutch, English, Danish, French 1632

(b) Dutch, English, Danish , French (a) Jahangir
(c) Portuguese , Danish, Dutch, French, English (b) Sultan of Golconda
(d) Danish, Portuguese, French, English, Dutch (c) Akbar
[Ans. (a) Portuguese, Dutch, English, Danish, (d) Aurangzeb [Ans. (b) Sultan of Golconda]
French]

Globalization and Trade Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE

6. Foreign Investment policy (FIP) announced in IV. Give short answers
(a) June 1991
1. What is globalization? [PTA-1; HY-2019]
(b) July 1991
Ans. Globalization is the integration of a country
(c) July- Aug-1991
with the world economy. Basically, globalization
(d) Aug 1991 [Ans. (c) July- Aug-1991] signifies a process of internationalization plus
m
7. Indian government was introduced liberalization.
___________ in 1991 [QY 2019] 2. Write the types of globalization. [PTA-1; 4]
(a) Globalization Ans. There are three stages of globalization. They are,
co
(b) World Trade Organisation (i) Archaic Globalization
(c) New Economic Policy (ii) Proto Globalization
(d) None [Ans. (c) New Economic Policy] (iii) Modern Globalization
II. Fill in the blanks 3. Write short note on Multinational corporation.
s.
Ans. Multi National corporation is a Corporate
1. A better economy introduce rapid
organization which owns or controls production
development of the ___________. [Sep-2020]
of goods or services in at least one country other
[Ans. Capital Market]
ok
than its home country.
2. WTO agreement came into force from 4. What are the reforms made to adopt globalization?
___________.[Ans. January 1, 1995] [QY-2019]
Ans. (i) Abolition of Industrial licensing, except for
3. The term globalization invented by _________. a few industries.
[Ans. Prof. Theodore Levitt] [GMQP-2019] (ii) Reduction in the number of industries
o
[PTA-3] reserved for public sector.
III. Match the following (iii) Fixation of a realistic exchange rate of rupee
ab
to exchange exports of Indian goods.

(1) Multination - 1947 (iv) Foreign exchanges regulations were suitably
corporation in amended.
India
5. What is Fair Trade?
(2) MNC - Enforce
ur
Ans. (i) Fair Trade is a way of doing business that

international trade ultimately aims to keep small farmers an
(3) GATT - Minimize cost of active part of the world market place.
production (ii) It aims to empower consumer to make
.s
(4) 8th Uruguay - Infosis purchases that support their values.

Round
6. Write any two principles of Fair Trade Practices.
(5) WTO - 1986 Ans. (i) Transparency and Accountability.
w
Ans. (ii) Fair trading practices and payment of a fair

(1) Multination - Infosis price.
corporation in 7. Write short note on TRIPs and TRIMs.
w
India
ECONOMICS
Ans. (i) Trade Related aspects of Intellectual Property

(2) MNC - Minimize cost of Rights (TRIPs) : Intellectual property Right
production may be defined as “Information with a
w
(3) GATT - 1947 commercial value” Under TRIPs Patent

shall be available for any invention whether
(4) 8th Uruguay - 1986
product (or) process in all fields of industrial
Round
technologies.
(5) WTO - Enforce
international trade

342 Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE
Pacific Ocean
E
N
S
W
Nagasahi
Japan
m
Hiroshima
co
s.
Moscow
ok
Turkey
Greece
Serbia
Germany
World Outline
o Italy
Great Britian
France
ab
Morocco
ur
.s
AXIS POWER COUNTRIES
Sanfrancisco
w
w
Pacific Ocean
Hawai Island
w
Not to Scale
10STD
th GOVT. SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION
SEPTEMBER 2021
Reg. No.
Part - III
Time Allowed : 3.00 Hours] Social Science (With Answers) [Maximum Marks : 100
m
Instructions: (1) Check the question paper for 5. Assertion (A): T he Revolt of 1857 was
fairness of printing. If there is any brutally suppressed by the
lack of fairness, inform the Hall British Army.
Supervisor immediately.
co
Reason (R) : T he failure of the rebellion
(2) Use Blue or Black ink to write
was due to the absence of
and underline and pencil to draw
central authority.
diagrams.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are wrong.
Note: This question paper contains four Parts. (b) (A) is wrong and (R) is correct.
s.
Part - I (c) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is
the correct explanation of (A).
Note: (i) Answer all the questions. 14×1=14
ok
(ii) Choose the most appropriate answer from (d) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is
the given four alternatives and write not the correct explanation of (A).
the option code and the corresponding 6. Match the following:
answer. (1) Grey Revolution (i) Egg
o
1. The country which was expelled from the (2) Silver Revolution (ii) Meat
League of Nations for attacking Finland: (3) Red Revolution (iii) Leather
ab
(a) Germany (b) Russia (4) Brown Revolution (iv) Fertilizers

(c) Italy (d) France (a) (1)-(iii), (2)-(i), (3)-(iv), (4)-(ii)
(b) (1)-(iv), (2)-(iii), (3)-(i), (4)-(ii)
2. In America, the first huge Stock Market Crash (c) (1)-(iv), (2)-(i), (3)-(ii), (4)-(iii)
occurred on :
ur
(d) (1)-(ii), (2)-(iv), (3)-(i), (4)-(iii)

(a) 24 October 1929
(b) 14 October 1929 7. Western disturbances cause rainfall in:
(c) 24 November 1925 (a) Tamil Nadu
.s
(d) 24 November 1928 (b) Kerala

(c) Punjab
3. In the Non-Aligned Movement Conference (d) Madhya Pradesh
w
_____________ participated as the Indian

representative. 8. Manganese is used in:
(a) Lal Bahadur Shastri (a) Batteries
w
(b) Motilal Nehru (b) Cement Manufacturing

(c) Jawaharlal Nehru (c) Copper Smelting
(d) Vallabhbhai Patel (d) Petroleum Refining
w
9. The state which has highest population in

4. Sati was abolished in the year: India:
(a) 1827 (b) 1829 (a) Gujarat (b) Sikkim
(c) 1826 (d) 1927 (c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Tamil Nadu
[347]
Sura’s ➠ X Std - Social Science ➠Supplementary Exam Question Paper - Sep. - 2021
361
44. (a)
India Map
m
co
s.
ge
i ran
vall
Ara
o ok
Talcher
West
Bengal
Deccan
ab
plateau
ur
Mala
bar C
.s ast o
w
Thanjavur South West Monsoon wind.

Area of heavy rainfall
w
India Coal Resources

Most densely populated state of India
w
Alluvial soil region one - Thanjavur
(OR)

10th Social Sura Guide EM 2022-23 - WWW - Kalvikadal.in

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

10th Social Sura Guide EM 2022-23 - WWW - Kalvikadal.in

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

10th Social Sura Guide EM 2022-23 - WWW - Kalvikadal.in

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

This is Only for Sample for Full Book Order Online or

Availablve at All Leading Bookstores

 Complete Solutions to Textbook Exercises. ractic

 Unit Test Questions with Answers for all Units.

incorporated in the appropriate sections.

All rights reserved © SURA Publications.

✤ RuhÉ‹ jÄœ ciuüš

✤ Sura’s Chemistry (EM/TM)

✤ Sura’s Computer Applications (EM/TM)

✤ Sura’s Business Maths (EM)

For More Information - Contact

Doubts in Our Guides : [email protected]

Contact : 80562 94222 / 80562 15222

All the Best

After Deposit, please send challan and order to our address.

For Google Pay : For PhonePe :

98409 26027 98409 26027

Order via Money Order (M/O) to

1620, ‘J’ Block, 16th Main Road, Anna Nagar,

Unit 6 Early Revolts against British Rule in Tamil Nadu 67 - 78 October

Unit 8 Nationalism: Gandhian Phase 93 - 108 November

Unit 9 Freedom Struggle in Tamil Nadu 109 - 118 November

Unit 2 Climate and Natural Vegetation of India 147 - 156 June

Unit 4 India - Resources and Industries 171 - 184 August

Unit 6 Physical Geography of Tamil Nadu 203 - 220 October

Unit 7 Human Geography of Tamil Nadu 221 - 238 November

Unit 3 State Government 259 - 267 August

Unit 4 India’s Foreign Policy 268 - 276 October

Unit 2 Globalization and Trade 302 - 312 July

Unit 3 Food Security and Nutrition 313 - 321 August

Unit 4 Government and Taxes 322 - 331 October

Unit 5 Industrial Clusters in Tamil Nadu 332 - 341 November

Maps 342 - 346

Govt. Suppl. Exam September 2021 question paper

ªª Colonialism's impact on Africa

ªª Causes, course and outcome of the Russian Revolution

I. Choose the correct answer 2. Which country emerged as the strongest in

(b) Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia  [Ans. (b) Japan]

1 [email protected] (or) Whatsapp - 9385336929

Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE Unit 1

3. Japan entered into an alliance with England in

7. Locarno Treaty was signed in the year _______.

(2) Jingoism - England

powers (5) Hall of Mirrors - Versailles

(iv) Turkey’s attempt to attack Suez Canal but

(ii) Trenches or ditches dug by troops enabled Violent Forms of Nationalism :

and Germany’s Kultur were militant forms

Germany’s aggressive diplomacy and

Caliphate. (iii) Therefore, Britain embarked on a naval

Hostility of France towards Germany :

3 [email protected] (or) Whatsapp - 9385336929

Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE Unit 1

Austria and Russia resumed their activities

August 1913. Lenin.

(iii) Austria saw in this an opportunity to

(v) First, it postponed a decision on the

were directed to pay war indemnity. leadership :

5 [email protected] (or) Whatsapp - 9385336929

Sura’s ➠ X Std - SOCIAL SCIENCE Unit 1

✤ Sura’s Business Maths (EM)

(b) Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia [Ans. (b) Japan]

[Ans. (b) Port Arthur] (c) China (d) Britain

been colonised. [Ans. (c) Rumania]

[Time: 60 Minutes] [Total: 25 Marks]

I. Choose the correct answer IV. Match the following (4 × 1 = 4)

III. Choose the correct statement

1. (i) The Turkish Empire contained many

[Ans. Afrikaners] (1) Transvaal - Germany

[Time : 60 Minutes] [Total : 25 Marks]

I. Choose the correct answer(3 × 1 = 3) IV. Match the following (4 × 1 = 4)

III. Choose the correct statement

[PTA-6; GMQP-2019; QY-2019; Sep-2020]