4 Virtualized Business Critical Database Applications

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INTEL XEON PROCESSOR-BASED SERVERS AND VMWARE VSPHERE :

ONE SERVER, 4 BUSINESS-CRITICAL DATABASE APPLICATIONS


JULY 2011
A PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES TEST REPORT
Commissioned by Intel Corp.


If your organization runs large business-critical database applications on
expensive UNIX RISC systems, you may have felt stuck. Even as the percentage of
enterprise workloads running on virtualized servers has exploded, you have faced
a key question: Could industry-standard Intel architecture-based servers deliver
Lhe performance you'd need Lo consolldaLe your appllcaLlons vla vlrLuallzaLlon?
This study proves that the answer is yes.
On a single four-socket server with the newest Intel Xeon processor E7-4870
and VMware vSphere` 5.0, we ran four large database applications
simultaneously, each with a 200GB database and in its own virtual machine. All
delivered strong and consistent performance-and the server had plenty of
capacity for future growth.

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VIRTUALIZATION ROBUST ENOUGH TO SCALE WITH YOUR LARGE
APPLICATIONS
The argument for migrating from a UNIX/RISC platform to industry-
standard Intel-architecture servers running virtual machines (VMs) is
straightforward enough: Reduce your capital and operational expenses while
malnLalnlng Lhe same or beLLer servlce levels. WhaL's noL Lo llke? And whaL
enterprise would opt out of lowering hardware, power consumption, and
maintenance costs? Possibly yours, if your databases are both large and
business critical.
Ludles abound quanLlfylng Lhe dramaLlc consolldaLlon raLlos" unlx/8lC-
to-Intel migrations make possible and the associated cost savings. However,
because Lhey feaLure small workloads, Lhey don'L reflecL Lhe scenarlo you're
hoping to achieve-reliably running multiple large database applications, each
in its own VM. vMware's mosL recenL verslon of vphere has sLepped up Lo Lake
full advantage of the Intel Xeon processor E7-4870's enormous poLenLlal,
making such a proposition possible.
To learn just how well the Intel/VMware solution supports multiple large
daLabase appllcaLlons, we ran 8enchmark lacLory's 1C-H-like workload against
four virtual machines using 200GB databases. By fully utilizing the Intel Xeon
processor E7-4870-based server's massive core count, this solution comfortably
supported four 200GB databases. It did so without overcommitting resources,
allowing all VMs to run in parallel with solid performance.
Our research suggests that a large UNIX/RISC-based, business-critical
database application that was handling peaks of approximately 10,000 queries
per hour was delivering good performance. For instance, in a concurrency and
workload management study by the WinterCorp consulting group, researchers
state that Nationwide Financial Services completes around 2,500 queries per
hour, with a maximum of 10,000 queries per hour, using a TwinFin` data
warehouse appliance from Netezza, an IBM Company.
1
In our testing, each of
the database applications in the four VMs far exceeded that many queries per
hour, so each could replace an existing server running such a large business-
critical database application.
These results show how your enterprise can maintain or even improve
upon the performance of the UNIX/RISC platform while cutting your costs
considerably.

1
http://www.netezza.com/documents/whitepapers/Concurrency-and-Workload-Management-WP.pdf

Harnessing the power of the
Intel Xeon processor E7
family

VMware vSphere 5.0 makes use
of the power of the Intel
Xeon processor E7 family.
Among its notable features are
the following:
Full support for RAS features
for reliability, availability, and
serviceability, including
Machine Check Architecture
recovery (MCA-r)
Intel Trusted Execution
Technology (Intel TXT)
Support for up to 2TB of
system memory
Full utilization of the 10-core,
20-thread processor, allowing
80 threads per four-socket
server

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HOW MANY 200GB DATABASE APPS CAN THIS PLATFORM HANDLE
WITH EASE?
We used Quest Software Benchmark Factory as our test engine, using its
custom load scenario feature to create a TPC-H-like business-intelligence
database workload. (While Benchmark lacLory's workload ls slmllar Lo Lhe more
widely known Transaction Processing Performance Council [TPC] benchmarks,
the results are not directly comparable. In addition, benchmark results on
different database sizes are not comparable.) We used Benchmark lacLory's
workload because it focuses on decision support systems, which run complex
queries, examine large data volumes, and provide answers to important
business questions. The Intel Xeon processor E7-4870-based server with
VMware vSphere 5.0 ran four virtual machines with updated operating systems
and database software as well as a 200GB Benchmark Factory-created database.
We conducted three test runs and report the median run.
As Figure 1 shows, the four VMs achieved comparable Benchmark Factory
TPC-H scores. All four vMs ran 8enchmark lacLory's 1C-H-like workload
concurrently and completed their tasks in about the same time. Given that the
scores are all over 10,000 queries per hour, each VM should be able to replace
an existing business intelligence database server. The Intel Xeon processor E7-
4870-based server was near 80 percent processor utilization for all three runs.
VM
Benchmark Factory
QphH score
Run time
(seconds)
VM 1 23,829 890
VM 2 24,528 872
VM 3 24,638 866
VM 4 24,806 870
Total/Average 97,801 875
Figure 1. The processing power and other capabilities of the Intel Xeon
processor E7-4870-based server allowed all four VMs to run with consistent
performance.

We provide server configuration information in Appendix A, our detailed
test results in Appendix B, and our detailed test methodology in Appendix C.


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SUMMARY
These results show the consistently strong performance you can expect
using virtualization on an Intel Xeon processor E7-4870-based server running
VMware vSphere 5.0 to run very large business-critical database applications.
The implications for your enterprise are significant: You can enjoy the same
reliable performance you have had with the UNIX/RISC platform while lowering
hardware, power consumption, and maintenance costs.




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APPENDIX A SERVER AND STORAGE CONFIGURATION INFORMATION
Figure 2 provides detailed configuration information about the test server.
System Intel Xeon processor E7-4870-based server
Power supplies
Total number 4
Vendor and model number Delta DPS-850FB
Wattage of each (W) 850
Cooling fans
Total number 8
Vendor and model number Delta PFB0812DHE
Dimensions (h x w) of each 3.50" x 3.50"
Volts 12
Amps 3.3
General
Number of processor packages 4
Number of cores per processor 10
Number of hardware threads per core 2
CPU
Vendor Intel
Name Xeon
Model number E7-4870
Stepping F2
Socket type Socket 1567
Core frequency (GHz) 2.40
Bus frequency (GT/s) 6.4
L1 cache 32 KB + 32 KB (per core)
L2 cache 256 KB (per core)
L3 cache (MB) 30
Platform
Vendor and model number Quanta QCI QSSC-S4R
Motherboard model number 31S4RMB00A0
Motherboard chipset Intel 7500 chipset
BIOS name and version
Intel QSSC-S4RQCI.01.00.S012.031420111618
(03/14/2011)
BIOS settings Intel Virtualization Technology Enabled
Memory module(s)
Total RAM in system (GB) 1,024
Vendor and model number Samsung M393B2K70CM0-CF8
Type DDR3 PC3-8500
Speed (MHz) 1,066
Speed running in the system (MHz) 1,066
Timing/Latency (tCL-tRCD-tRP-tRASmin) 7-7-7-20
Size (GB) 16

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System Intel Xeon processor E7-4870-based server
Number of RAM module(s) 64
Chip organization Double-sided
Rank Quad
Hard disk
Vendor and model number Seagate ST9146803SS
Number of disks in system 2
Size (GB) 146
Buffer size (MB) 16
RPM 10,000
Type SAS
Operating system
Name VMware ESXi 5.0.0
File system EXT3
Kernel 5.0.0
Build 441354
Language English
Ethernet
Vendor and model number Intel 82576NS Gigabit Ethernet Controller
Type Integrated
Optical drive(s)
Vendor and model number Sony Optiarc AD-7580S
Type DVD-RW
USB ports
Number 5
Type USB 2.0
Figure 2. Server configuration information.



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APPENDIX B DETAILED TEST RESULTS
Figure 3 presents our results from all three test runs.
VM
Benchmark Factory TPC-H
score
Run time (seconds) CPU utilization
Run 1
VM 1 24,486 867
VM 2 24,478 875
VM 3 24,286 888
VM 4 24,816 867
Total/Average 98,066 874 84%
Run 2
VM 1 23,829 890
VM 2 24,528 872
VM 3 24,638 866
VM 4 24,806 870
Total/Average 97,801 875 83%
Run 3
VM 1 24,495 873
VM 2 24,254 876
VM 3 24,587 870
VM 4 24,382 880
Total/Average 97,718 875 83%
Figure 3. Results from all three test runs.




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APPENDIX C DETAILED TEST METHODOLOGY
In this appendix, we present the steps we followed as we conducted our testing. To measure database
performance, we used the Benchmark Factory for Databases tool, which lets you conduct database workload replay,
industry-standard benchmark testing, and scalability testing. It enables you to deploy changes to your database
environment with confidence by reducing the risks associated with patches, upgrades, migrations, and adjustments to
virtual machine configurations. Benchmark Factory is a more flexible, simpler, and less expensive alternative to Oracle
Real Application Testing. With this workload replay and scheduling software, you can eliminate slow SQL database
performance and dramatically simplify high performance database management. More information on Benchmark
Factory is available at http://www.quest.com/benchmark-factory/
Setting up and configuring the EMC storage
We used an EMC CLARiiON Fibre Channel connected SAN for this testing. The CX3-40 has two storage
processors SP-A and SP-B. We used three QLogic QLE2462 dual-port host bus adapters (HBA) in our server for testing.
We cabled six HBA ports to each SP (A and B) on the SAN to balance the load between SPs. We used seven enclosures of
disks on the SAN; with one exception, each enclosure had 15 disks. One of the trays only had 13 disks.
We ran one SQL Server 2008 R2 instance per VM. We created six RAID groups for our test server, two for VM
operating systems and four for VM databases/logs. Each of the six RAID groups was composed of 16 disks, and set up as
a RAID 0. We then created six 1,066GB LUNs, one on each RAID group.
Installing VMware vSphere 5.0
1. Turn on the server, and insert the vSphere CD.
2. Once the server boots from the CD, it should go into an automatic setup process. This should take about 45
minutes.
3. Once the setup completes, VMware vSphere boots and is ready for use.
Installing vSphere client on a management workstation
1. Configure your management workstation to be on the same subnet as your vSphere server. In Internet Explorer,
navigate to the IP address of your vSphere server.
2. Accept certificate warnings by clicking Continue to this website (not recommended), and continue.
3. Click Download vSphere Client to download the vSphere client.
4. Choose Run to Install.
5. Choose your language, and click OK.
6. At the Welcome screen, click Next.
7. Read the End-User Patent Agreement, and click Next.
8. Accept the license terms, and click Next.
9. Enter user and organization details, and click Next.
10. At the Destination folder screen, click Change if you wish to change your install destination; otherwise click Next.
11. Click Install.
12. To complete the installation, click Finish.


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Creating a virtual machine with vSphere
1. Click StartAll ProgramsVMwareVMware vSphere client.
2. Enter the IP address or hostname, user name, and password, and click Login.
3. Right-click on the host, and choose New Virtual Machine.
4. Choose Custom, and click Next.
5. Assign a name to the virtual machine, and click Next.
6. Select a datastore for the virtual machine files, and click Next.
7. Choose Virtual Machine Version: 8, and click Next.
8. Choose Microsoft Windows, then Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 (64-bit). Click Next.
9. Select the number of virtual processors and cores per virtual processor you want to allocate (20 virtual
processors and one core per virtual processor in our case), and click Next.
10. Select the amount of RAM you want to allocate (245 GB in our case), and click Next.
11. Select 1 as the number of NICs, select your network, and select your desired network adapter. Click Next.
12. Choose LSI Logic SAS as the SCSI controller, and click Next.
13. Select Create a new virtual disk, and click Next.
14. Choose disk size, store location, select Flat Disk, and click Next.
15. Select the appropriate virtual device node, and click Next.
16. Click Finish.
Installing Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter Edition on the hosts
1. Insert the installation DVD for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 into the drive.
2. In vSphere, right-click the virtual machine, and choose Edit Settings.
3. Click CD/DVD drive 1, click the Host Device radio button, and choose the appropriate drive.
4. Click OK.
5. Right-click the machine, and choose PowerPower On.
6. Right-click the machine, and choose Open console.
7. At the Language Selection Screen, click Next.
8. Click Install Now.
9. Select Windows Server 2008 R2 Datacenter (Full Installation), and click Next.
10. Click the I accept the license terms check box, and click Next.
11. Click Custom.
12. Click Drive options (advanced).
13. Ensure you select the proper drive, and click New.
14. Click Apply.
15. Click Next.
16. AL Lhe user's password musL be changed before logglng on warnlng screen, cllck Ck.
17. Set the Administrator password, and click the arrow to continue.
18. At the Your password has been changed screen, click OK.
Installing VMware tools on the Virtual machine
1. Right-click the virtual machine, select GuestInstall/Upgrade VMware tools.
2. Click OK to close the VMware Tools warning.
3. Right-click the VM, and choose Open Console.
4. Double-click Run setup.exe
5. At the Welcome screen, click Next.
6. Select Typical Installation, and click Next.
7. Click Install.
8. After installation is complete, click Finish, and restart the virtual machine.

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How to create additional virtual disks
1. Right-click the virtual machine, and select Edit Settings.
2. Cllck Add.
3. Select Hard Disk, and click Next.
4. Select Create a new virtual disk, and click Next.
5. Change the size of your virtual disk to 300 GB, select your database datastore, and click Next.
6. Change your virtual device node to SCSI (1:0), and click Next.
7. To complete the creation of your virtual disk, click Finish.
8. Click SCSI Controller 1.
9. Under SCSI Controller Type, click Change.
10. Select VMware Paravirtual, and click Next.
11. Repeat steps 1 through 7 to create an additional 10 GB virtual disk to store tempdb.
Enabling Large Pages
1. Click StartAdministrative ToolsLocal Security Policy.
2. Click Local PoliciesUser Rights Assignment.
3. Right-click Lock Pages in Memory, and select Properties.
4. Cllck Add user or Croup.
5. Type Administrator, and click Check Names.
6. Click OK.
7. Click OK.
Setting up network configuration on the server
1. Click StartControl Panel.
2. Click Network and Internet.
3. Click View network status and tasks.
4. Click the Local Area Connection assigned to client/server network traffic.
5. Click Properties.
6. Select Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4), and click Properties.
7. In the Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) Properties screen, select the Use the following IP address radio
button.
8. Enter a valid static IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway.
9. Click OK, and click Close to exit.
Tuning the virtual machine
1. Click StartAll ProgramsVMwareVMware vSphere client.
2. Right-click your virtual machine, and click Edit Settings.
3. Click the Resource tab.
4. Click Advanced CPU.
5. Fill in the appropriate CPU binding (0-19, 20-39, 40-59, 60-79).
6. Click Advanced Memory.
7. Click use memory from nodes, and select the appropriate NUMA node (0, 1, 2, 3).
8. Click the Options tab.
9. Click General.
10. Click Configuration.
11. Click Add Row.
12. Type numa.vcpu.maxPerVirtualNode in the first column and 32 in the second.
13. Click Add Row.
14. Type numa.vcpu.preferHT in the first column and true in the second.
15. Click OK.

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Installing system updates in Windows Server 2008 R2
We installed all the following updates available on April 13, 2011 on each virtual machine:
Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2503658)
Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2506223)
Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2425227)
Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2511455)
Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2505438)
Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2511250)
Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2506014)
Cumulative Security Update for Internet Explorer 8 for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2497640)
Windows Internet Explorer 9 for Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems
Cumulative Security Update for ActiveX Killbits for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2508272)
Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2507618)
Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2510531)
Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2484033)
Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2509553)
Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2506212)
Security Update for .NET Framework 3.5.1 on Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 R2 SP1 for x64-based
Systems (KB2446710)
Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2524375)
Security Update for Windows Server 2008 R2 x64 Edition (KB2508429)
Installing SQL Server 2008 R2 on the VM
1. Insert the DVD into the physical DVD drive.
2. Right-click the VM, and choose PowerPower On.
3. Right-click the VM, and choose Open Console.
4. Click the connect CD/DVD button. Choose CD\DVD Drive 1, Connect to host device.
5. On the Autoplay menu, click Run SETUP.EXE.
6. If the application prompts you to install the .NET Framework, click OK to install.
7. At the SQL Server Installation Center screen, select Installation.
8. Click New Installation or add features to existing installation.
9. At the Setup Support Rules page, click OK.
10. Enter the product key, and click Next.
11. At the License Terms screen, accept the license terms, and click Next.
12. At the Support Files screen, select Install.
13. At the Setup Support Rules screen, click Next.
14. At the Setup Role screen, select SQL Server Feature Installation, and click Next.
15. At the Feature Selection screen, choose Database Engine Services, Client Tools Connectivity, Client Tools
Backwards Compatibility, Management Tools - Basic, and Management Tools - Complete, and click Next.
16. At the Installation Rules screen, click Next.
17. At the Instance Configuration screen, click Next.
18. At the Disk Space Requirements screen, click Next.
19. At the Server Configuration screen, type Administrator as the account name and Password1 as the
password for the SQL Server Agent and the SQL Server Database Engine services, and click Next.
20. At the Database Engine Configuration screen, select Mixed Mode as the authentication mode, enter your
password for the (sa) account, and click Add Current User to add the Administrator to the SQL server
admlnlsLraLor's account. Click Next.
21. At the Error Reporting screen, click Next.

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22. At the Installation Configuration Rules screen, click Next.
23. At the Ready to Install screen, click Install.
24. At the Complete screen, click Close.
Configuring SQL Server to run Benchmark Factory 6.5
1. Click StartAll ProgramsMicrosoft SQL Server 2008 R2SQL Server Management Studio.
2. Select SQL Server Authentication, type sa and Password1 as your login and password respectively, and click
Connect.
3. Right-click Databases, and select New Database.
4. Set your initial size for your database and log files. This will pre-grow the database and logs to the size you wish
to create.
5. Click in the Path Column, set a path for the database and logs to your appropriately sized virtual hard disk, and
click OK.
Moving and splitting tempdb
1. Click StartAll ProgramsMicrosoft SQL Server 2008 R2SQL Server Management Studio.
2. Click New Query.
3. Type and run the following query to move tempdb:

use master;
GO
ALTER DATABASE tempdb
MODIFY FILE ( NAME = tempdev , FILENAME = 'F:\TempDB\tempdb.mdf' )
GO
ALTER DATABASE tempdb
MODIFY FILE ( NAME = templog , FILENAME = 'F:\TempDB\tempdb.ldf' )
GO

4. Expand DatabasesSystem Databases, and right-click tempdb.
5. Click Properties.
6. Click Files.
7. Click Add three times.
8. Set the Initial Size, Path, and File Name for your three new tempdb files, and click OK.
Setting up the client
We used a Supermicro 6026T-NTR+ as a host server to virtualize clients. We installed a fresh copy of Windows 7
Professional Edition on each client machine.
Installing Benchmark Factory on the client
1. Right-click BenchmarkFactory_6_5_0_332.msi and select Install.
2. At the Welcome Screen, click Next.
3. Accept the License Terms, and click Next.
4. At the Destination Folder screen, click Next.
5. At the Ready to Install the Program screen, select Yes, install the default repository database, and click Install.
6. At the Installation Wizard Completed screen, click Finish.
7. Click StartAll ProgramsQuest SoftwareBenchmark Factory for Databases.
8. At the Benchmark Factory repository tables prompt, click OK.
9. At the Load Scenario Wizard, click Cancel.
10. Click Help, and select Licensing.
11. Select ModifyEdit Key, and enter Benchmark factory Authorization Key and Site Message.

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12. Click OK, and click Close. Restart Benchmark Factory.
Configuring Benchmark Factory
1. Click StartAll ProgramsQuest SoftwareBenchmark Factory for Databases.
2. At the Welcome to the Load Scenario Wizard screen, click Next.
3. At the Select Load Scenario screen, select Industry standard benchmarks (TPC-C, TPC-E, TPC-P.), and cllck nexL.
4. At the Select Benchmark screen, select TPC-H, and click Next.
5. At the Select Profile screen, click New.
6. At the Welcome to the Profile Creation wizard, click Next.
7. Choose Microsoft SQL Server (Obsolete), and click Next.
8. At the Connection Information screen, enter the server name, select SQL Server Authentication as the
Authentication mode, and enter login credentials.
9. Select the TCPH database, and click Next.
10. At the Profile Name screen, enter a name for the newly created profile, and click Next.
11. Click Finish.
12. At the Select Profile screen, select the newly created profile, and click Next.
13. At the Benchmark Scale screen, enter the appropriate benchmark scale, and click Next.
14. Select Create a new Benchmark Factory Script file, and click Next.
15. Uncheck Do you want the job to be automatically submitted to the jobs Queue?, and click Finish.
Executing the benchmark
We completed the following steps each time we executed a full run in order to best simulate a business
intelligence scenario. We performed three runs on each server to ensure that our results were valid representations of
server performance. We ran steps 7 and 8 on only the first run.
Starting the run
1. Turn on all four virtual machines one at a time to best allocate server resources to the VMs.
2. Run the following script to start SQL Server on the VMs under test:

cd "c:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10_50.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\Binn"
sqlservr.exe -c -x E

3. Open Benchmark Factory on all four clients.
4. Wait 10 minutes.
5. Queue up the Power task.
6. Wait until Benchmark Factory finishes.
7. Run the following SQL script to disable SQL statistics:

USE [master]
GO
ALTER DATABASE [tpch150s] SET AUTO_CREATE_STATISTICS OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [tpch150s] SET AUTO_UPDATE_STATISTICS OFF
GO
ALTER DATABASE [tpch150s] SET DATE_CORRELATION_OPTIMIZATION ON
GO

8. Restart all four virtual machines.
9. Wait 10 minutes.

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10. Queue up the Power task. This run is meant to be used as a tuning run to load the database into memory.
11. Wait 10 minutes.
12. Queue up the Power task.

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ABOUT PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES


Principled Technologies, Inc.
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IN NO EVENT SHALL PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES, INC. BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN
CONNECTION WITH ITS TESTING, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. IN NO EVENT SHALL PRINCIPLED TECHNOLOGIES,
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