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Information Management
Upgrading to IDS version 10

Jerry Keesee, Director of the Informix Lab Carlton Doe, Informix Technical Sales
2006 IBM Corporation
Informix Dynamic Server 10.0
Performance. Reliability. Scalability.

Focus on OLTP and Embedded
IDS v10 Why upgrade? Migration to v10 Migration impact on existing applications
Customer Migration Use Case discussion

Q&A

Technology Enhancements over IDS v7

Improved performance
Higher Availability
Increased Scalability Enhanced Security Simplified Administration Easier Application Development
Why upgrade? IDS has been busy with v9/v10

detached idxs
update statistics dynamic logging
buffer manager
HDR/ER
Config page size Col Level Encryption ER Resync
raw tables
Fuzzy ckpts
large Chunk & files btree scanners
optimizer directives
PIT-TLR Shmem > 4 gig
dynamic locking
onarchive gone
restartable fast recovery
9.2
9.3
9.4
10.0
IDS Versions Key features by release

4
Performance Enhancements
IDS 10.0 provides the best performance of any IDS engine ever produced! 15 - 20% Improvement over IDS 7.31
As evidenced by internal TPC-C benchmarks As evidenced by our key customers and partners
Fuzzy Checkpoints
Shared Statement Cache New Buffer Management System B-Tree Scanner
Configurable Page Size

Memory for Non-PDQ Queries External Optimizer Directives Dynamic OPTCOMPIND
5
High Availability
Restartable Fast Recovery Improved Rollback Performance Dynamic Log Creation
Improved Enterprise Replication (ER)

ER / HDR Interoperability Table Level Restore Online Index Drop and Rebuild DRAUTO [out in v9; back in v10] Resending Indexes in HDR Alter of Replicated Tables ER Templates Online Resync of ER nodes
Scalable in all Dimensions

Transactions: 1000s of concurrent users
Huge data volumes Deployment: distributed across 1000s of sites Types of data: no limit to new data types
Big Chunks Improved Support for Large Objects
SHMEM >4G
Multiple Table Fragments in a Single DBspace
7
Security Enhancements
Encrypted Network Communication Column Level Encryption Secure environment check before startup Trigger Introspection
DataBlade/UDR registration restriction

PAM Authentication Denial of Service Attacks
Embeddability - Simplified Administration

Redirected Restore Full use of Tapes Rename Chunks New Unix Bundle Installer No libraries in /usr/lib Order of install Add Chunks when first chunk is full Onstat enhancments Explain enhancements
Embeddability Easier Application development

Extensibility Enhanced SQL Support
Support for Long Identifiers Updated Unicode Support Sequences Triggers on Select and Views Order by not in select list ANSI SQL-99 Joins Describe input Unions in Sub-queries Names for Return Values Multiple OUT parameters Improved support for long character strings Multi-nationalization
Collections Table Functions Virtual Table interface User Defined Data Types High-Performance Programming Support
Built-in functions for handling complex data
Application Development Enhancements

CSDK 2.90 .NET, OLE DB, ODBC & MS Tooling ESQL/C Enhancements JDBC and WAS Integration
10
Upgrading to v10 - Migration facts

Migrating from prior versions of Informix Dynamic Server
IDS 7.24, 7.31, 9.21, 9.3, 9.4 upgrade directly to IDS v10 IDS 7.22, and IDS 7.20 require an interim upgrade to IDS 7.31 IDS 9.14 requires an interim upgrade to IDS 9.30 Migrating from 32-bit to 64-bit uses the same inline conversion process
All other migrations will require other migration tools like dbexport/dbimport, HPL, etc including different operating systems
11
Converting to a Newer Database Server

Source Database Server Target Database Server Reference Dynamic Server 9.40 Dynamic Server 9.30 Dynamic Server 9.20 or Dynamic Server 9.21 Dynamic Server 7.3x Dynamic Server 7.24 or Workgroup Edition 7.24 Universal Server 9.14 Dynamic Server 9.30 The Version 9.30 Migration Guide Dynamic Server 10.00 Preparing for Migration and Converting to Dynamic Server 10.0
OnLine Dynamic Server 7.23
Dynamic Server 7.31
The Version 7.31 Migration Guide
OnLine Dynamic Server 7.22
OnLine 5.1x
12
Migrating from prior versions of IDS
13
Upgrading to v10 - Conversion Steps

Five easy steps to remember for data migration:
1. Get the source server ready by following pre-migration steps
2. Install the target database server and copy over relevant $INFORMIXDIR/etc configuration from source to target
3. Validate your environment settings are pointing at target 4. CONVERT by starting target server
5. Validate data integrity and take level 0 backup

CONVERSION COMPLETE!
14

Pre-Migration Install and configuration Validate your target environment
Perform conversion
Validate data integrity
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Extensive Platform Support
Intel EM64T/AMD64
HP-UX on PA-RISC and Itanium. Tru64 on Alpha Solaris on SPARC AIX on pSeries Linux on xSeries, zSeries, pSeries* and iSeries*
IRIX
Windows 2000, 2003 and XP on x86
http://www-306.ibm.com/software/data/informix/ids/requirements.html
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System Requirements
Requirements for a new Installation of IDS v10 500 MB of disk space 256 MB of RAM Plan for: Adequate disk space to house schema Adequate disk space to house temporary tables Adequate CPUs for application needs Plan for about 20% disk space overhead
** Lookup Installation guide for details
IDS provides industrial-strength capabilities with a relatively small footprint, ensuring the best performance with less hardware.
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Space Required for Upgrade

Root Chunk (Chunk 0) should have at least 10% free. 3000 Free pages of Logical Log Space to rebuild SysMaster 2000 KB of Free Space per Database is need for each DB Space
Partition Headers should not be full

Use oncheck me to compress extents
Determine how much space is needed by running:

DATABASE sysmaster; SELECT partdbsnum(partnum) DBSpace_Num, TRUNC(COUNT(*) * 2000) Free_Space_Needed FROM sysdatabases GROUP BY 1, ORDER BY 1; SELECT dbsnum DBSpace_Num, sum(nfree) Spc_Avail FROM syschunck GROUP BY 1, ORDER BY 1;
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Also plan for

Networking issues
IP addresses (if using a new box)
Client connectivity
Application compatibility
3rd Party Applications (Storage Managers, Monitoring Tools, Scripts)
Replication
Extra scripts to run. Refer to Migration Guide for details.
Testing plan or Staging environment

Try it out before you apply on your production system
Back-Out Plan
In case of emergency. Always good to prepare for contingencies
Save data that can help Tech Support diagnose issues that may arise
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IDS 10.00 Migration: Planning (cont.)

Testing/Staging Plan
Test the actual migration plan for success, and to estimate time to complete Test all aspects of your system including Client access Major application functions, Reporting, Key SQL Statements Stored Procedures, Triggers, Distributed transactions Backup and Restore Simulated user load For 9.x migrations test any UDRs and DataBlade functions
Back-Out Plan
Consider steps required to back-out of the migration at each step in the process Take a level-0 archive before migration starts Make sure the archive is good - use archecker to check it. Consider taking another form of backup such as: An offline OS level backup of the chunks A dbexport of key databases (just in case)
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IDS 10.00 Migration: Checklist

SQL query plans for all regularly used queries (especially complex queries) using SET EXPLAIN ON. dbschema -d -hd for all critical tables. The output will have distribution information. oncheck -pr output that dumps all the root reserved pages Copy of onconfig configuration file. Note: oncheck pr will not dump all the configuration parameters so its better to have a copy of onconfig file. A list of all the environment variables that are set using env unix command.
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IDS 10.00 Migration: Checklist

During times of peak usage,
online.log snippet, with some checkpoint durations in it. onstat aF, -g all, -g stk all.
During times of peak usage, run the following onstats repetitively with -r repeat option for a period of about 3 to 5 minutes:
onstat -u, to see the total number of sqlexecs used.
onstat -p, for read and write cache rates, to detect deadlocks and the number of sequential scans.
onstat -g nta, a consolidated output of -g ntu, ntt, ntm and ntd. onstat -g nsc, -g nsd, -g nss for status of shared memory connections. onstat -P, -g tpf, -g ppf
vmstat, iostat and sar, for cpu utilization. Run these repetitively for a period of about 3 to 5 minutes. Check man pages for usage.
timex of all regularly run queries.
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Ensure you take care of

Remove Outstanding In-Place Alters Close All Transactions Verify the integrity of the data with oncheck
Flush ER Queues with any transactions, if applicable

Active HDR servers disable it, if applicable Level-0 archive/backup before migration UNIX/Linux may require Kernel Parameters to be modified
Verify source server is offline
**
Recommended documented steps to shutdown current server properly: Run onmode -sy, onmode -l, onmode -c and then onmode -kuy.
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Perform conversion
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v10 Installer easier install with GUI/Silent support

Installer can be invoked by:
1. 2. 3. 4. installserver [preferred] Uses bundled JVM, if JAVA not found in the PATH Installserver javahome [for users that want to use a local java] Java cp IIF.jar run [for users who want to invoke directly advanced] Installserver legacy [extracts a legacy distribution]
Additionally on LINUX also package the following RPMs [since 9.40.UC5]
Product.rpm
GLS.rpm Message.rpm For enhanced usability, a wrapper script is provided that invokes the RPMs in the correct sequence
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Copy & customize configuration to target

Unix or Linux $INFORMIXDIR/etc/$ONCONFIG $INFORMIXDIR/etc/onconfig.std $INFORMIXDIR/etc/oncfg* Windows %INFORMIXDIR%\etc\%ONCONFIG% %INFORMIXDIR%\etc\onconfig.std %INFORMIXDIR%\etc\oncfg*
$INFORMIXDIR/etc/sm_versions
$INFORMIXDIR/aaodir/adtcfg $INFORMIXDIR/dbssodir/adtmasks $INFORMIXDIR/etc/sqlhosts $INFORMIXDIR/etc/tctermcap $INFORMIXDIR/etc/termcap $INFORMIXDIR/etc/ixbar.servernum
%INFORMIXDIR%\etc\sm_versions
%INFORMIXDIR%\aaodir\adtcfg.* %INFORMIXDIR%\dbssodir\adtmasks.* %INFORMIXDIR%\etc\ixbar.servernum
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Perform conversion
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Set Environment variables of Target

Verify that the following environment variables are set to the correct values to migrate to the Target server
INFORMIXSERVER ONCONFIG PATH INFORMIXSQLHOSTS
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Perform conversion
29
Perform Conversion
Start Dynamic Server 10.00
** No oninit ivy please - will initialize disk!
Monitor the online message log

Wait for Conversion Completed Successfully status
** Do not bounce engine before conversion is complete

** Install and configure any Datablade Modules prior to conversion
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Perform conversion
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Post Migration
Update Statistics (Low to drop, High on sysmaster, normal on your databases)
Verify the Integrity of the Data [oncheck; archecker] For ON-Bar, Rename the sm_versions.std File Make an Initial Backup of Dynamic Server 10.00 Tune Dynamic Server 10.00 for Performance Enable HDR and ER, if applicable
** Rerun the pre-migration checklist described in premigration for before/after picture comparison
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Migration of an IDS running on a different OS

Pre-migration Steps for the Source Database Server
Save copies of the current configuration files Take a level 0 backup of the database server
Choose one of the following migration tools to unload the databases

Dbexport and dbimport UNLOAD, dbschema and LOAD UNLOAD, dbschema and dbload Bring the source database server offline
Install and configure the Target database server Use dbimport, LOAD or dbload to load the databases into the target database server. Post-migration Steps for the Target Database Server
Take a level 0 backup of the database server Run UPDATE STATISTICS
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Choosing a Migration method

Migration on Same Operation System
Use Direct Conversion/Reversion (when allowed between the IDS versions)
Migration on Different Operation Systems

Dbexport and dbimport Use these utilities to move an entire database UNLOAD, dbload and dbschema To move selected columns and tables, use UNLOAD statement. Use dbload to change the data format UNLOAD and LOAD statements To move selected columns and tables, use UNLOAD statement. Use LOAD when you do NOT want to change the data format onload and onunload utilities To unload data in page-sized chunks use onunload utility Use onload to move data to an identical database server on computer of same type High Performance Loader (HPL) To move selected columns and tables or an entire database, use HPL Consulting provides automated migration services using HPL
34
IDS 10.00 Migration: Using Replication

Using Enterprise Replication to assist migration to 10.00
Pros:
Allows mix of 7.3 and 10.00 versions
New transactions will queue up until the migrated server is available

May get complicated to setup/administer Table level replication only
Cons:
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Reverting from Dynamic Server v10

Determine Whether Reversion Is Possible Does the schema file contain SQL statements or Features like long identifiers that the earlier database server does not support? Have any new SPL routines been created in IDS v10, or have you imported existing routines using dbimport? Have tables or indexes using expression fragmentation had expressions changed or new fragments added? Have any new new objects and extensions that the old database server does not support been created. Eg: Stprocs(), UDRs, UDTs, etc., Have any new check constraints or triggers been created? [refer to Migration Guide for details]
Pre-Reversion Steps
Check and Configure available space Save copies of the current configuration files Verify the integrity of data using oncheck Take a level 0 backup of the database server Remove pending in-place alters Remove usage of any new feature adoption Remove BladeManager extensions If necessary, disable HDR
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Reverting from Dynamic Server v10 (Contd.)

Run the reversion utility onmode -b <older database server number> Check for the "Reversion Complete" message in the online message log
Post-Reversion Steps Modify the configuration parameters and reset necessary env variables Reset environment variables If necessary, remove any Communications Support Module settings Run Update statistics Use oncheck to verify the integrity of data. Take a level 0 backup of the database server Return the target database server to online mode
37
Application Migration - Reserved Words

New for 9.x
CACHE COSTFUNC ITEM SELCONST INNER JOIN LEFT LOCKS RETAIN RAW STANDARD AVOID_EXECUTE USE_SUBQF AVOID_SUBQF
New for 9.4

COLLATION CROSS FULL INSTEAD RESTART RIGHT ONLINE OPTCOMPIND PARTITION PASSWORD SAVE TABLE
TEMPLATE
TEST TYPEID TYPENAME TYPEOF WAIT XADATASOURCE XID
New for v10

ACTIVE DIRECTIVES ENCRYPTION HINT INACTIVE INLINE INOUT LOAD
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Application Migration and Client APIs

ESQL/C
Simply upgrade to the latest version of CSDK and run the application. The new libraries will get loaded providing you enhanced functionality (like encryption). In order to get new functionality like PAM, applications need to be modified
ODBC/.NET/Java
Upgrade to a newer version of CSDK/JDBC driver and run the application
4GL (v 7.32.UC3 )
c4gl upgrades required applications to be recompiled/relinked. The version 7.32.UC3 removes this requirement. Simply upgrade to this version and run your c4gl applications (supported 7.30.xc6 onwards) . P-code versions still require recompilation. In order to get new functionality like DYNAMIC ARRAY, applications need to be changed
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To sum it all up, IDS 10.0 is a DBAs dream come true.

Gary Ben-Israel CIO, National Institute for Testing and Evaluation Jerusalem, Israel
Companies that need their data and transaction resources to be available 24x 7 will be pleased with the release of IDS 10.0. With this new release, organizations can tune their database and manage index issues online, without interrupting service..
Gerd Kaluzinski Senior Systems Engineer BYTEC GmbH
Table level restore enables us to implement a BCP plan without the need for duplicate servers.
David A. Link IS Manager, West Corporation
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Customer v10 MIGRATION USE CASE Discussion

BYTEC GmbH - Hermann-Metzger-Strasse 7 - 88045 Friedrichshafen
[email protected]
41
BYTEC Customer profiles

Here the most recent migrations from our customers: [earlier at v7]
9.21.UC3 -> 9.21.UC4 -> 9.30.FC3 -> 9.21.FC2 -> 10.00.UC3 on Linux RedHat Advanced Server 3 (soon 4) 9.40.UC6 on Suse 9.40.FC6 on Solaris 8 9.40.FC6 on HP-UX 11i
All systems running 95% OLTP

IDS instance size between 40 GB and 200 GB with ~150 - 650 Connections to the database One is a system running with BaaN. This one has 40'000 tables. The other ones are in the range from 500 to 3000 tables The number of dbspaces goes from 8 to 24 & the number of chunks goes from 12 to 42. All instances had upto 10 databases.

42
BYTEC Customer profiles (contd ..)

The InPlace migration took up to 12 hours including oncheck after migration on the big systems. We had up to 2 hours without access, after this we allowed read-only until the checks have passed.
Prepare for:
Pseudo updates to 9.40 take a lot of LOCKS and you can run into OVERLOCKS. Physical log must be big enough and/or PLOG_OVERFLOW_PATH set. If physlog overflow occurs during migration you have to start again. Some new reserved words have been introduced (ref, status, ...) and so you have to check your application on a test server against this.
Benefits:
Response times in application have been reduced without changing the application. A backup concept, where every night a dbexport blocked the database was changed by using the new feature "table level restore".
** Reversion was not tested on these systems as there was no requirement

43
BYTECs Migration Checklist

1. Preparation
Shutdown User Connections (Dataconsistency) Create and Check last Backup (ontape, dbexport) Increase Parameter LOCKS up to 1'000'000 Increase Physical Log used for conversion and
set Environment PLOG_OVERFLOW_PATH

oncheck -cDI (each database) oncheck -cr / oncheck -cR oncheck -cc
Check installed products

(Checks can be made the days before migration)
44

2. First Steps
Update statistics Low drop Distributions (each database) Remove CDR (cdr delete server) Unregister Datablades from all databases
Deactivate your RC-Scripts

Make sure all logs have been backed up (no U-----) Change LTAPEDEV in ONCONFIG to /dev/null Shutdown using onmode -ucky Save a copy of onconfig and sqlhosts Backup INFORMIXDIR (for example using tar)

45

3. Install new software
Check permissions (INFORMIXDIR)
Install the new Products (Tools-Engine-SDK)

Modify UNIX-Kernel (see Release Notes) Check KAIO-settings (see Release Notes) (for example on HP /etc/privgroup)
Make changes in onconfig

restore sqlhosts

46

4. Start new server
oninit -v to see all steps Check online.log to see Conversion and Messages Execute ONMODE -BC 1 and ONMODE -BC 2 (BigChunks) oncheck -cr / oncheck -cc oncheck -cI (each database) oncheck -cD (each database) update statistics (each database) update statistics high (on leading indexcolumns)

47

5. Backup and Documentation
Take the first backup of the new version Initiate CDR Register Datablades Activate RC-Scripts Make a snapshot of your installation (onstat -a)

48
Review of Migrations
Following the checklist all Migrations went without problems within the calculated time Among these Migrations have been Hospitals, where the complete Migration with more than 50 Chunks could be made within 2 hours of downtime. Other customers situated in Metal Industries, Fashion manufacturers as well as Public Sites (Libraries and Universities) have been migrated InPlace.

49
Review of Migrations
Here one example of Configuration, which has been migrated. You see all kind of Dbspaces used at customersite. Medical images are stored in Smartblobs, Doctor-Letters are in Blobspaces:
Dbspaces address number fags 892ba7d8 1 89f18ad0 2 89f18c20 3 89f18d70 4 89f18ec0 5 fchunk nchunks flags name 1 25 20 1 3 N B rootdbs N B datadbs N BB blobdbs N TB tempdbs N B logdbs 0x40001 1 0x40001 2 0x40011 12 0x42001 22 0x40001 24
89f19018 6
b3b7aea8 7
0x42001 23
0x48001 52
1
12
N TB tempdbs2
N SB sbspace

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Information Management

Upgrading to IDS version 10

2006 IBM Corporation

Informix Dynamic Server 10.0

Performance. Reliability. Scalability.

Customer Migration Use Case discussion

Informix Dynamic Server 10.0

Performance. Reliability. Scalability.

Technology Enhancements over IDS v7

Why upgrade? IDS has been busy with v9/v10

Config page size Col Level Encryption ER Resync

large Chunk & files btree scanners

PIT-TLR Shmem > 4 gig

restartable fast recovery

IDS Versions Key features by release

Configurable Page Size

Improved Enterprise Replication (ER)

Scalable in all Dimensions

Big Chunks Improved Support for Large Objects

DataBlade/UDR registration restriction

Embeddability - Simplified Administration

Embeddability Easier Application development

Built-in functions for handling complex data

Application Development Enhancements

Upgrading to v10 - Migration facts

Converting to a Newer Database Server

OnLine Dynamic Server 7.23

Dynamic Server 7.31

The Version 7.31 Migration Guide

OnLine Dynamic Server 7.22

Migrating from prior versions of IDS

Upgrading to v10 - Conversion Steps

5. Validate data integrity and take level 0 backup

Informix Dynamic Server 10.0

Performance. Reliability. Scalability.

Extensive Platform Support

Windows 2000, 2003 and XP on x86

Space Required for Upgrade

Partition Headers should not be full

Determine how much space is needed by running:

Also plan for

Testing plan or Staging environment

IDS 10.00 Migration: Planning (cont.)

IDS 10.00 Migration: Checklist

IDS 10.00 Migration: Checklist

Ensure you take care of

Flush ER Queues with any transactions, if applicable

Verify source server is offline

Informix Dynamic Server 10.0

Performance. Reliability. Scalability.

v10 Installer easier install with GUI/Silent support

Additionally on LINUX also package the following RPMs [since 9.40.UC5]

Copy & customize configuration to target

Informix Dynamic Server 10.0

Performance. Reliability. Scalability.

Set Environment variables of Target

INFORMIXSERVER ONCONFIG PATH INFORMIXSQLHOSTS

Informix Dynamic Server 10.0

Performance. Reliability. Scalability.