ACTIVITY 2 Introduction To Motor Control

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ELECTRIC MOTOR
CONTROL MANUAL
ACTIVITY 2
INTRODUCTION TO MOTOR CONTROLL
PREFACE
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Name: Course, Yr. & Sec. Subject:

Group No. Time: Days: Rm: Date:
Professor/Instructor: Rating:
Laboratory Activity No. 2

INTRODUCTION TO MOTOR CONTROL
I. Objectives:
At the end of the activity, students should be able to:
1. Appreciate the importance of a reliable motor control system.

2. Understand basic operating principles of various motor control components.
3. Familiarized themselves with motor control terminologies.
II. Technical Information:
Motor control systems control the electrical energy used to run a motor. Many of the
components used to control that energy are in the motor controller, protected by a motor control
enclosure. Inside the enclosure, at the heart of every motor controller, is the motor starter. The
starter has two parts: the contactor and the overload relay. It is easier to understand the motor
control system if you think of them as divided into two kinds of circuits: the power circuit and
the control circuit.
The power circuit contains all of the components that carry the full voltage and current
to operate the motor. Besides the contactor, these commonly include disconnects, fuses, breakers
and overload heaters.
The control circuit is usually operated at a lower voltage and contains all of the
components necessary to switch power to the motor on and off under the proper conditions and
at the proper time. These commonly include devices like relays, usually inside the enclosure;
field devices like start and stop buttons, limit switches and pressure switches; and indicating
devices like lights and alarms to help monitor the operation of the system.
Three-Wire Control: The Seal-In Circuit
All the components of motor control systems are linked together in circuits which
determine what function can be accomplished: starting, stopping, reversing, jogging and so on.
The seal-in circuit is one of the most common. It's also called the maintaining circuit or
holding circuit because it maintains or holds-in the power to a component - like a contactor or a
relay - even after a pushbutton or other momentary switch no longer supplies power. The circuit
is maintained until power is interrupted.
Pushing the start button energizes M, the coil of the contactor. A normally open set of
contacts on the contactor are wired in parallel with the start button. When the armature on the
contactor closes, these seal-in contacts close, and remain closed until the stop button is pushed.
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This de-energizes the M coil and returns the seal-in contacts to their normally-open condition
until the coil is energized again.
Motor starters may also be wired for two-wire control. This requires the use of a
maintained-contact switch to keep the coil of the contactor energized after the run button is
released. However, if power is restored following a shut-down, the motor starter will be re-
energized automatically.
Three-wire control is often used because it provides protection for personnel from such
unexpected start-ups. The motor will not automatically re-start after it's stopped due to a no-
voltage or low-voltage condition.
The Seal-in Circuit
III. Evaluation:
1. What are the basic components of a motor starter?
2. How important is the ladder or schematic diagram of a motor control circuit?
3. What is the function of the disconnect switch?
4. What provides short circuit protection for the motor?
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5. How does the overload relays protect the motor?
6. How does the auxiliary contact connected to a normally open pushbutton in a seal –
in circuit?
7. Why is a two – wire control unsafe to be used in a motor control circuit?
8. Differentiate instantaneous, latching and timed delay relay.
9. Differentiate an ON DELAY time relay from an OFF delay time relay.
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10. What is the role of limit switches in a motor control circuit? Explain your answer.
11. Enumerate the motor components being asked on each item:
a. Types of Control Switches ( 5 )
b. Functions of Motor Control (3)
12. Write the meaning of the following acronym:
a. TDOD
b. TDOE
c. NO
d. NC
e. CR
f. TR
IV. Conclusion:
CCA

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1

Name: Course, Yr. & Sec. Subject:

Laboratory Activity No. 2

1. Appreciate the importance of a reliable motor control system.

II. Technical Information:

Three-Wire Control: The Seal-In Circuit

The Seal-in Circuit

1. What are the basic components of a motor starter?

2. How important is the ladder or schematic diagram of a motor control circuit?

3. What is the function of the disconnect switch?

4. What provides short circuit protection for the motor?

5. How does the overload relays protect the motor?

7. Why is a two – wire control unsafe to be used in a motor control circuit?

8. Differentiate instantaneous, latching and timed delay relay.

9. Differentiate an ON DELAY time relay from an OFF delay time relay.

11. Enumerate the motor components being asked on each item:

a. Types of Control Switches ( 5 )

b. Functions of Motor Control (3)

12. Write the meaning of the following acronym:

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