Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES

Tamag, Vigan City
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
GRADUATE SCHOOL

ASSESSMENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF CANADA (EDAD 306)

Eva Marie P. Raquel Dr. Aurelia Vitamog

EdD Student Professor

I. Introduction

School is the best place for people to be educated. Everyone must go through this stage in
order to be knowledgeable, so they can be useful in society and solve any problems they
encounter. Not only they are educated for themselves but also for their countries. Different
countries have different systems on how to teach students. Canada's educational system is a
perfect and ideal way to ensure that students will live successful lives.
Large numbers of children from various social and cultural backgrounds were permitted
to enroll in schools, which gave rise to mass schooling or standardized education as a useful
tool for teachers. The educational systems of the 19th century were created to address a wide
range of issues that plagued Canadian society at the time, including youth illiteracy,
criminality, teen idleness, and poverty.
The reasons that underlined the development of school systems in the 19th century was the
impact of constant immigration by Canadians as well as foreigners in the country, the change
from agriculture to industrialization and the process of state formation which allowed
Canadians the authority to exercise power (Gaffield, 2011).
During the later stages of the 19th century, state formation, industrialization and
immigration played an important role in the development of the school system in Canada
where educators established schools that would reflect the cultural, religious and ethnic
variations in the Canadian society. For example, in the western coast of Canada, immigration
played an important part in developing the mass schooling system that was in existence.
Other provinces in Canada that were affected by immigration included Winnipeg,
Manitoba and British Columbia where the arrival of large numbers of Asians played an
important role in developing the Canadian schooling system. The impact of immigration had
become a major factor in the 19th century where anglo conformity became an important
aspect in ensuring national cohesion and unity in the country (Mochoruk, 2004).
The employment of textbooks, classrooms, teachers, and curriculum-based education,
which were used to train school-age children on how they may be contributing members of
Canadian society, dominated the educational system in Canada during the 19th century.
To make sure that they mirrored the shifting needs of the society, which demanded that
children with various educational abilities and knowledge be accommodated for, these
teaching methods experienced certain alterations. During this time, technical and vocational
courses were introduced to meet the requirements of kids deemed unsuitable for academic
education.
The criterion that was used in selecting children for educational courses was however
based on social and cultural prejudices where children from white backgrounds had the first
priority over children from other ethnic backgrounds. However, in the 1920s, schools began
using IQ tests to measure the knowledge levels of children to ensure that there was equitable
selection of children during the selection process (Gaffield, 2011).
The education system was characterized by the distinctions that existed between male and
female children in public schools. For example, girls used a separate entrance from the boys
and they also had separate classrooms where girls were taught alone and boys were taught
alone.

II. Body

Human rights are very emphasized in Canada. Canada never has any corporal punishment
in any levels of education. At school, teachers do not use any violence to punish students.
They only warn impolite students verbally. Because in Canada, teachers have no rights to
punish their students physically, and there not have been complaints about students get hurt in
the school.

Students in Canada study in a way of comfort. They do not have much pressure from anyone.
Parents do not force their children to do over the limitation on the children's academic
studies. In addition, school assignments are not much every day, but they are very important
and useful to finish. Upon completion of homework, students have leisure time; they like to
have fun by watching movies or going out for outdoor activities on weekends to relax
themselves. However, school is a very competitive place.

Since education is a provincial duty under the Canadian constitution, the educational systems
of the various provinces differ significantly from one another. The importance of education to
Canadians, however, is reflected in the high standards set across the nation. Public and
private schools, community colleges/technical institutions, vocational colleges, language
schools, secondary schools, summer camps, universities, and university colleges are all
included in Canada's educational system.
Private and public schools, as well as language schools, summer camps, community colleges,
technical schools, high schools, career institutes, universities, and colleges, are all included in
Canada's educational system.

As a result of the central government's control over the educational system, Canada's
educational standards are consistently set higher than those of the rest of the world. The
province's effectively run educational system is becoming more and more well-liked by
international students.

Domestic kids between the ages of 4 and 5 choose to spend one to two years in kindergarten.
At around age 6, students can begin attending class. Secondary schools often offer up to the
11th or 12th grade, depending on the area. They enroll at a college or university after
completing all of these classes. A student should take the institution's size, nature, and
location into account when selecting a school or educational facility in Canada.
The first educational level in the country is kindergarten, sometimes known as pre-elementary
education. It is accessible to kids between the ages of four and five before they start
elementary school. While it is not required in any other regions, it is in Nova Scotia and New
Brunswick. In Canada, it is available in federal, state, and private schools, and the first year is
generally free. Some regions even offer additional years without charging anything. For
instance, Quebec offers free kindergarten instruction to children with special needs or from
lower-income families. While studying fundamentals like counting, art, reading, playing with
peers, music, and reading, children benefit from a more fulfilling educational curriculum.

Children in Canada must attend primary school beginning in Grade 1. It often begins at age
six to seven and lasts until grade six, when the kids are 11 to 12 years old. All of the subjects
at this level are taught by the same teacher. On demand, special classes are also available.
Math, reading, science, history, the English language or French (in some jurisdictions, like
Quebec), social studies, music, art, and physical education are all included in the pre-
elementary curriculum.

In Canada, junior high school and high school are separate levels of secondary education. The
former lasts for two years and includes Grades 7 and 8. Students prepare for the advanced
level of difficulty while progressively adjusting to new teachers and classes. Depending on
the province and other conditions, the high school lasts four years till Grades 11 or 12 or 16
or 18 years. It should be mandatory for students to attend school until they are 16 years old.
They must continue their education until the age of 18 in order to receive a high school
diploma in New Brunswick and Ontario. The two-year pre-university program or CEGEP, a
publicly sponsored college that is only available in Quebec, is required after Grade 11
secondary education.

Canadian high school students study both compulsory and elective courses together. They
pursue academic studies based on the achievement of credits. In the meantime, they take
prerequisite courses that are related to their university studies. Hence, they know the
fundamentals before getting in the universities. After completion of required number of
credits, the universities take their averages and determine if they are qualified for the studies
in universities that they choose. Even the students' averages are low, they can still go to
universities that don't require high averages. Therefore, many students can easily study in this
highest level of education.

Canadians can start applying to universities and colleges when they graduate from high
school. Most colleges in the nation are tiny community colleges or trade schools. A lot of
Canadian students attend college to be ready for their university courses. Additionally, they
receive credits that can be used to their university degrees. Universities provide Canadians
with higher education by offering a wide range of subjects, courses, and academic degrees.
Similar to the US, the system starts with an undergraduate degree, is followed by a
postgraduate program, and ends with a doctoral degree. Public colleges and universities are
supported by the provincial governments. The remaining costs are funded by research grants,
federal funding, and small student tuition fees.

Some of the characteristics of the Canadian education system-

 o Federal Responsibility: Education is the responsibility of each province and
territory, but there are specific national standards and guidelines.
o Public Education: Most schools in Canada are publicly funded and offer free
education to citizens and permanent residents.
o Bilingual education: English and French are official languages in Canada, and many
schools offer bilingual education programs.
o High academic standards: Canada has a well-respected education system with an
emphasis on high academic standards, diverse curricula, and technology integration.
o Strong focus on student well-being: Schools place a strong emphasis on student
well-being, providing support for physical and emotional health, as well as social and
academic development.
o Diverse Education Options: Canada offers a wide range of education options, from
public and private schools to alternative and vocational schools. Higher education
institutions include universities, colleges, and vocational schools.

III. Conclusion

Given the significant differences in the educational systems of the several provinces,
it makes sense that education in Canada be a territorial duty as stated in the constitution.
However, the standard of education in Canada is the same nationwide.

Canada has no corporal punishment at school but in Taiwan, corporal punishment at

school is so common that almost no students have ever been exempted. From grade one
through senior high school, the corporal punishment exists, and teachers are allowed to carry
out the process of it. Students get punished if they do not achieve as what the teachers say to
be "standard mark" on the assignments, tests or exams. There are reports about teachers that
go beyond the proper limit by hurting the students badly, or sexually harassing them.
Teachers are charged and go to courts. This is ironic that teachers are thought to be the most
admired people in this country.

In Canada, students learn in a comfortable environment. Nobody is putting much

pressure on them. Parents don't compel their kids to study more than what is allowed of them
academically. Additionally, even if there aren't many school assignments every day, they are
highly important and helpful to do. After finishing their assignments, students have free time.
To unwind, they enjoy watching movies or participating in weekend outdoor activities.
However, school is a very competitive place. Canada is a wonderful and relaxed place to
study.

IV. References
Axelrod, P. (2003). The promise of schooling; education in Canada, 1800-1914.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
https://idreamcareer.com/blog/canada-education-system/
 Republic of the Philippines
UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES
Tamag, Vigan City
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
GRADUATE SCHOOL

ASSESSMENT
OF THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
OF CANADA (EDAD 306)

Submitted by:

Eva Marie P. Raquel

EdD Student

Submitted to

Dr. Aurelia Vitamog

Professor