Behavior Based

Safety Observation
(BOS(

Khaled Yousry
HSE Depart. Manager
27-03-2012

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 Points to discussed:
1. HSE MS overview

2. what is our goal?

3. Safety principles & responsibilities

4. How to get zero O ?

5. Causes of injuries & HSE types of measurements

6. Observation categories

7. BOS 2
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HSE MS

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What is our goal ?

Zero Injuries

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 How to get O
Develop
Belief
Setting Set
to work Behavioural
Auditing

H&S
Best Practice Safety
sharing Leadership

Effective
Communication ZERO
Enhance
Injury
Enhance
Investigation
Safety
organisation
and structure

Further develop Sharing

common systems Embrace
risk
& approach Our perceptio 5
Contractors n
 Safety Principles

• All injuries and occupational illnesses can be

prevented.

• Safety is everyone's responsibility.

• Management is directly accountable for preventing

injuries and occupational illnesses.

• Safety is a condition of employment.

• Training is an essential element for safe workplaces.

• Safety inspections , tours and audits must be

conducted.
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 Safety Principles …follow

• Safe work practices should be reinforced and all

unsafe acts and unsafe conditions must be
corrected promptly.

• It is essential to investigate injuries and

occupational illnesses, as well as incidents with the
potential for injury.

• Safety of the job is an important element of the

overall safety effort.

• Preventing injuries and occupational illnesses is

good business.

• People are the most critical element in the success 7

of a safety and health program. 7
 Safety is Equal

Quality

Production

Business
Success
Cost

Safety

Employee
moral
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 Cause of Injuries
…Where do our injuries come from?

Unsafe Conditions 4%

Unsafe Acts 96%

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‫كيف تنشأ الحوادث؟‬
‫‪ ‬نظرية الدومينو‪:‬‬
‫‪ ‬خمسة عوامل مرتبة فى تتابع‬
‫وممثلة فى قطع الدومينو‬
‫األسباب‪:‬‬
‫‪ -1 ‬األحوال والظروف‬
‫اإلجتماعية‬
‫‪ -2 ‬تصرف غير آمن‬
‫‪ -3 ‬ظروف عمل غير آمنة‬
‫النتائج‪:‬‬
‫‪ -4 ‬الحادثة‬
‫‪ -5 ‬اإلصابة‬

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‫‪Cost of accidents‬‬
‫تكلفة الحوادث‬
‫جبل الجليد‬
‫‪Iceberg theory‬‬

‫التكلفة‬ ‫‪1/10‬‬
‫المرئية‬

‫التكلفة الغير مرئية‬ ‫‪9/10‬‬

‫‪Hidden cost‬‬
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 Why focus On Behaviours?
Visual Strategies and Business Plans
Systems, Structures / Equipment Structure
Policies and procedures
People and Injuries

Attitudes
Values
Skills
Feelings
Behaviors

Less visual Safety culture is about how Culture

people think, feel and
interact in relation to09 June 2014,
E.ON UK, Page12

Safety.12
 HSE CULTURE

A Reactive A Proactive
HSE Culture HSE Culture

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 Observation Categories
…help sharpen & sort observations
 Reactions of people
 Positions of people
 Personal protective
equipment
 Tools and equipment
 Procedures
Orderliness standards
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
Safety Observation Cycle

Decide Report

Stop Act

Observe
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 Safety performance measuring
Proactive technique
 Safety Audit

 Safety Survey

 Safety Inspection

 Safety Tour

 Safety Sampling
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 ‫التزام االدارة بالسالمة و حماية البيئة‬
‫‪Management Commitment‬‬

‫االلتزام ببلسالمة و حمبية‬

‫البيئة يبدأ من قمة الهرم‬
‫القيبدي‬
‫و يسري من خالل‬
‫المستىيبت اإلدارية ليصل‬
‫إلي‬
‫جميع العبملين ببلمنظمة‬
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 Observation Principles

Observe People Working

• Focus upon actions & behaviors

• On the job.
• Prepare an agenda

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 Observation Principles

Use all senses

• Touch
• Smell
• Sight
• Hearing

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 Observation Principles

Make agreements & give Praise

• How job will be done in the future

• Appropriate Praise

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 Observation Principles

Enter into conversation.

• Open questions.
• Unthreatening.
• Respectful.

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 Observation Categories
1. REACTIONS OF PEOPLE
 Adjusting / adding personal protective equipment.
 Changing position suddenly.
 Rearranging job.
 Stopping / leaving job.
 Hiding, dodging.
 Applying Isolations.
 Changing tools.

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 Observation Categories
2. POSITIONS OF PEOPLE(INJURY CAUSES)
• Striking against, being struck by.
• Being caught in, or between.
• Failing at same height or between different level.
• Contacting temperature extremes.
• Contacting electrical current.
• Inhaling, absorbing through skin, swallowing
harmful material.
• Overexerting while lifting, pulling, pushing and reaching.

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 Observation Categories
(QUESTIONING ATTITUDE)

• What if the unexpected happens?

• What injuries could occur?
• How can this job be done more
safely?

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 Observation Categories
Open Questions

• Can you tell me about your job?

• What could go wrong?
• How could you got hurt?
• What kind of injury
• How serious?
• How could you prevent it?
• Who else could be affected?
• What if the unexpected happened?
• What worried me when I just saw you?
• What do you think stopped you?
• How can the job be done more safely?
• What would you do in an Emergency?
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 Observation Categories
3. Personal protective equipment
• Provides barrier.
• Reflects state of mind.
• Match the task/hazards with the protection
worn.
• Use the head-to-toe check.
• Head.
• Eyes and face.
• Respiratory system.
• Hands and arms.
• Trunk.
• Feet and legs.

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 Observation Categories
4. TOOLS & EQUIPMENT

Observe employees using

tools or equipment:

• Right for the job?

• Used correctly?
• In safe conditions?

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 Observation Categories
5. PROCEDURES (Standards)

Evaluate standard procedures by observation:

• Available?
• Adequate for the job?
• Known and understood?
• Followed?
• Maintained?

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 Observation Categories
6. ORDERLINESS / TIDINESS

Evaluate orderliness by observation:

• Standards established?
• Standards understood?
• Orderliness maintained?

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 Actions

 Commend
 Corrective (immediate).
 Preventative (longer term).
 Follow -up.

NB Evolution is the route to

long-lasting improvement–not
Revolution. 30
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 Position of People

99% of all injuries result from unsafe acts

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 Ergonomic Risk Factor

Plan ahead. Assess the load before lifting.

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 Ergonomic Risk Factor

The Diagonal Lift

Squat. Head up. Back arched. Feet spread.
One foot ahead.
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 Ergonomic Risk Factor

The Power Lift

Partial squat. Head up. Back arched. Feet spread.
One foot ahead. 35
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Ergonomic Risk Factor

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Ergonomic Risk Factor

The Golfer’s Lift

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Ergonomic Risk Factor

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 Recognizing Problems

• Position.
• Force.
• Frequency.

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Recognizing Problems “Position“
to encourage the employee to work
with :
• Wrists straight .
• Back and neck as close to their
natural alignment as possible .
• Shoulders relaxed .
• Elbows near the side and bent at
about
• a 90 angle to reach the work .
• These are the positions in which
the muscles have the most
strength. 40
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 Recognizing Problems “Force“
• Handle sized right for the employee's hand –
not too large or too small.
• Textured or cushioned handle.
• Flange at the base of the handle to keep the
hand from slipping.
• Handle long enough so the end of the handle
does not press into the employee's hand.

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Recognizing Problems “Frequency“

• Task interruption.
• Job enlargement.
• Job rotation.
• Exercises.
• Employee modifications.

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