weÁvb m¤§Z Dcv‡q wSbyK gvki“g Pvl

†KvPwenvi K…wl weÁvb †K›`ª

DËie½ K…wl wek¦we`¨vjq
cywÛevwo, †KvPwenvi

gvki“g wK?

gvki‚g k‡ãi A_© QÎvK| gvki‚g my¯^v`y, cywóKi, Lv`¨¸Y I Ilya¸‡Y ficyi,
†K¬v‡ivwdjwenxb QÎvK|

gvki“‡gi cªKvi‡f`

gvki‚g‡K mvaviYZ `yBfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq h_v Lv`¨RvZ gvki‚g Ges Lv`¨ ewnf©‚Z
gvki‚g|

Lv`¨RvZ gvki“g - Avgv‡`i †`‡k Lv`¨‡hvM¨ mvaviYZ Pvi ai‡Yi gvki‚g Pvl Kiv nq|

K) mv`v †evZg gvki‚g, L) wSbyK gvki‚g, M) †cvqvj gvki‚g, N) `ya gvki‚g

Lv`¨RvZ gvki‚g¸‡jv mvaviYZ •eÁvwbK Dcv‡q Pvl Kiv n‡q _v‡K|

1
 Lv`¨ewnf©‚Z gvki“g- evwoi Av‡kcv‡k, e‡b R½‡j †h me gvki‚g nq Zvi g‡a¨ †ekxifvM
welv³| Lvwj †Pv‡L welv³ gvki‚g †Pbv hvqbv| †Kej gvÎ AwfÁ gvbylB Zdvr eyS‡Z cv‡ib| †h
mg¯— gvki‚g D¾¦j i‡Oi, wZ³ ¯^v` I `yM©Ühy³ †m¸wj welv³|

wmwjÛvi cªwZ gvki‚g Drcv`‡bi LiP (UvKv) Ges jvf wb‡æ †`Iqv nj-

¯úb (exR) 200 Mªv - 10.00

avb ev M‡gi KvUv Lo 1.200 †KwR - 6.00

cwjw_b (14" X 22") - 2.00

RxevYy bvkK - 4.00

Ab¨vb¨ LiP - 3.00

25.00

cªZ¨wkZ dmj wZb `dvq 1.750 †KwR| cªwZ †KwR gvki‚‡gi evRvig~j¨ 50 UvKv n‡j
1.75 †KwR gvki‚‡gi g~j¨ nq 87.50 UvKv | bxU Avq (87.50-25.00) = 62.50 UvKv|

†KvPwenvi K…wl weÁvb †K›`ª I DËie½ K…wl wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K cªwk¶Y wb‡q ¯^í g~‡j¨ I
Aí RvqMvi g‡a¨ gvki‚g Pvl K‡i, msmv‡ii Avq e„w× I cywói †hvMvb w`‡Z cv‡ib| gvki‚g Pv‡l
†ewk kª‡gi cª‡qvRb nq bv e‡j gwnjviv mn‡R GB KvRwU Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

cwðge‡½i `vwR©wjs, RjcvB¸wo I †KvPwenvi †Rjv bvwZkx‡ZvòAÂj ZvB mviv eQi

¯^í e¨‡q wSbyK (Oyster) gvki‚‡gi Pvl Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wSbyK (Oyster) gvki‚‡gi ¯^vfvweK e„w×i
Rb¨ 150-320 †mt ZvcgvÎv `iKvi nq|

wSbyK (Oyster) gvki“‡gi Pvl c×wZ t

DcKiY t 1) avb ev M‡gi Lo 2) ¯úb (exR) 3) cvZjv cwjw_b e¨vM 4) cwjw_b mxU 5)
†¯úªqvi 6) RxevYybvkK 7) c­vw÷K myZjx 8) Ab¨vb¨ Avbylvw½K DcKiY|

(wet `ªt- 1 †_‡K 1.5 Bw K‡i KvUv avb ev M‡gi Lo 1 ‡KwR 200 Mªvg Gi mv‡_ ¯úb (exR) 200
Mªvg w`‡q GKwU wmwjÛvi •Zix Kiv nq| c×wZwU bx‡P wjwce× Kiv n‡q‡Q|)

avb ev M‡gi KvUv Lo¸wj †K R‡j wfwR‡q gvki‚g Pvl Kiv hvq bv| H Lo‡K RxevYygy³ K‡i
wb‡Z nq| `yB iKg c×wZ‡Z RxevYygy³ Kiv hvq| K) Av¸‡bi Zvc w`‡q, L) ivmvqwbK c×wZ‡Z|
2
 K) KvUv Lo¸wj‡K 10-12 N›Uv cwi¯‥vi R‡j wbgw¾Z Ae¯’vq Wzwe‡q ivL‡Z n‡e|
Gici Lo¸wj Rj †_‡K Zz‡j Szwoi g‡a¨ †i‡L AwZwi³ Rj Swo‡q wb‡Z n‡e Aí wKQz¶Y|
cwigvYgZ GKwU cv‡Î H †fRv Lo¸wj †i‡L Aí Rj w`‡q H cv‡Îi gy‡L GKwU XvKbv w`‡q
Av¸‡bi Dci ewm‡q R¦vj w`‡Z n‡e, hZ¶Y ch©š—¨ bv cv‡Îi Dc‡ii Lo¸wj Lye fv‡jvfv‡e Mig
n‡‛Q| GZUvB Mig n‡e †h Dc‡ii Lo¸wj‡Z nvZ w`‡q aiv hv‡e bv| Gevi Dbyb †_‡K bvwg‡q Mig
Lo¸wj H cv‡ÎB †i‡L w`‡Z n‡e VvÛv bv nIqv ch©š—¨|

Lo¸wj VvÛv n‡q †M‡j Gi m‡½ 3 Mªvg QÎvKbvkK (e¨vwfwób), 3 Mªvg KxUbvkK (†n·v-
50) fv‡jvfv‡e wgwk‡q wb‡q ¯úb (exR) ecb Ki‡Z n‡e|

L) 60 Mªvg cv_iPzY, 10 Mªvg we-wPs cvDWvi cwigvYgZ R‡j ¸‡j wb‡q KvUv Lo¸wj‡K H
R‡j 18 †_‡K 24 N›Uv wbgw¾Z Ae¯’vq ivL‡Z n‡e| Gici Lo¸wj‡K Zz‡j Rj Siv‡bvi Rb¨
†i‡L w`‡Z n‡e (12-24 N›Uv) | Rj Siv‡bv n‡q‡Q wKbv Zv GKwU mnR cix¶v K‡i †`Lv †h‡Z
cv‡i| GK gyV Lo wb‡q †Rv‡i †P‡c ai‡j †`Lv hv‡e H †fRv L‡o nv‡Zi Zj wf‡R hv‡e wKš‘ †Kvb
Rj So‡e bv| hw` †PLv hvq Rj So‡Q Zvn‡j Av‡iv wKQz¶Y Rj Sivi Rb¨ †i‡L w`‡Z n‡e| Rj
Siv‡bv n‡q †M‡j H L‡o 3 Mªvg QÎvKbvkK, 3 Mªvg KxUbvkK I 5 Mªvg Pzb (cvDWvi K‡i †bIqv)
fv‡jvfv‡e wgwk‡q wb‡q ¯úb (exR) ecb Ki‡Z n‡e| avb Ges M‡gi Lo 1t1 wgwk‡q gvki‚g Pvl
Ki‡j djb †ekx cvIqv hvq| (wet `ªt - ¯úb (exR) ecb c×wZ bx‡P wjwce× Kiv nj)|

c×wZ t gvki‚g wmwjÛvi evbv‡bvi Rb¨ 12 Bw I 14 Bw †ivj cwjw_b e¨envi Kiv
`iKvi| GB cwjw_b †ivj h_vµ‡g 20Bw I 22 Bw K‡i †K‡U wb‡q wmwjÛvi evbv‡bv hvq|
cwjw_‡bi `yB w`K †Lvjv _v‡K ZvB cª_‡g GKcv‡k K‡i †eu‡a wb‡q m~P w`‡q 40-50wU dz‡Uv K‡i
w`‡Z n‡e| Gici H e¨vMwUi g‡a¨ 2-3 Bw cwigvY Lo w`‡q fv‡jvfv‡e ewm‡q w`‡Z n‡e Ges
Dc‡ii w`‡K wKQz cwigvY ¯úb (exR) Qwo‡q w`‡q Avevi 2-3 Bw Lo w`‡Z n‡e| GBfv‡e m¤ú~Y©
e¨vMwU Lo Ges ¯úb (exR) w`‡q 5-6 wU ¯—‡i fwZ© K‡i e¨vMwUi gy_ fv‡jvfv‡e †eu‡a wb‡j
wmwjÛv‡ii gZ •Zix n‡e| GB wmwjÛvi‡K gvki‚g N‡i †i‡L w`‡Z n‡e| 12-16 w`b ci m¤ú~Y©
wmwjÛviwU gvBwmwjqv‡g f‡i wM‡q mv`v n‡q hv‡e| GB Ae¯’vq m¤ú~Y© wmwjÛv‡ii Mv‡q AvU
RvqMvq ¸Y (x) wPnœ (1.5 x 1.5 BwÂ) AvKv‡i †K‡U w`‡Z n‡e gvki‚‡gi Kuzwo †ei nIqvi Rb¨|
wmwjÛvi KvUvi 8-12 w`b ci gvki‚‡gi Kuwo †ei‚‡Z ïi‚ Ki‡j cwi¯‥vi Rj †¯úª Ki‡Z n‡e
(w`‡b `yevi)| Rj †¯úª Kivi 3-5 w`‡bi g‡a¨ gvki‚g †Zvjvi gZ Dchy³ nq|

2q c×wZ t cwjw_b †ivj †_‡K †K‡U †bIqv UzK‡ivwUi GKw`K †eu‡a wb‡q (Av‡Mi 1g
c×wZ Abyhvqx) m¤ú~Y© e¨vMwU ¯úb (exR) Ges Lo w`‡q fwZ© K‡i wmwjÛv‡ii gZ •Zix K‡i m¤ú~Y©
wmwjÛv‡ii Mv‡q 15 wg.wg. K‡i AvUwU †Mvj dz‡Uv K‡i wm‡š’wUK Zz‡jv w`‡q H dz‡Uv eÜ K‡i w`‡Z
3
n‡e| 12-16 w`b ci m¤ú~Y© wmwjÛviwU gvBwmwjqv‡g mv`v n‡q hv‡e ZLb Zz‡jvMwj Ly‡j w`‡Z n‡e
gvki‚g †e‡iv‡bvi Rb¨|

gvki‚‡gi Ni •Zix t

gvki‚g Ni Kivi Rb¨ Qvqvhy³ ¯’vb wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e| H RvqMvq hv‡Z memgq evqy
PjvPj K‡i| gvki‚g Ni Kivi Rb¨ †ekx RvqMvi cª‡qvRb nq bv| 8 dzU D‛PZv wewkó 18 dzU x
14 dz‡Ui GKwU N‡i 600-700 wU wmwjÛvi ivLv hvq| euvk cwjw_b, cvU KvwV ev Qb& w`‡q
gvki‚g Ni •Zix Ki‡jB n‡e| Kv‡jv cwjw_b w`‡q Dc‡ii QvDwb Ges gvwU †_‡K 10 Bw DuPz
K‡i cvU KvwV ev Qb w`‡q, PiRv ev‡` N‡ii Pvicvk eÜ Ki‡Z n‡e ; Zvn‡j m~‡¨©i Av‡jv mivmwi
N‡ii †fZ‡i cª‡ek Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| N‡ii †g‡S‡Z 1 †_‡K 2 Bw cwigvY evjy w`‡Z n‡e| GB
evjy wfwR‡q ivL‡j N‡ii wfZ‡ii ZvcgvÎv Kg n‡e Ges Rjxq ev‡®úi cwigvY evo‡e hv gvki‚g
Pv‡li Rb¨ we‡kl Dc‡hvMx|

gvki“‡gi QÎvKRwbZ †ivM wbqš¿Y t

1) gvki‚g Pv‡l Avgbav‡bi Lo ev DbœZ gv‡bi M‡gi Lo e¨envi Kiv DwPr|

2) Lo‡K Lye fv‡jvfv‡e RxevYygy³ K‡i wb‡Z n‡e|
3) gvki‚g Lo‡K cwi¯‥vi cwi‛Qbœ ivLv `iKvi|
4) cª‡qvRb e¨ZxZ gvki‚g N‡i †XvKv DwPr bq|
5) wbf©i‡hvM¨ cªwZôvb †_‡K gvki‚g ¯úb (exR) msMªn Kiv DwPr|
6) gvki‚g wmwjÛvi •Zix Kivi mgq RxevYygy³ L‡o †hb gvwQ I a~jvevwj bv c‡i|

gvki“g msi¶Y t wSbyK gvki‚‡g 85-90 kZvsk Rj| ZvB UvUKv Ae¯’vq 48 N›Uvi
†ekx ivLv hvq bv| ZvB Gi msi¶Y AZ¨š— Ri‚ix| UvUKv gvki‚g‡K 0.02 †_‡K 0.03 wg.wg cyi‚
cwjw_‡bi c¨v‡K‡U bvB‡U«v‡R‡bi mv‡_ gy‡o k~Y¨ wWMªx †mjwmqvm ZvcgvÎvq 5 mßvn, 5 wWMªx
†mjwmqvm ZvcgvÎvq 3 mßvn ch©š— ivLv hvq|

gvki‚g Zz‡j †iv‡` wKsev hvwš¿K c×wZ‡Z (60-700 †m) †i‡L Rj we‡qvRb K‡i wb‡Z
n‡e| ïK‡bv gvki‚g evqyk~Y¨ cv‡Î gyL Gu‡U ivL‡jB 4-5 gvm ch©š— _vK‡e|

gvki“g cwbi t

DcKiY t

gvki‚g UzK‡iv K‡i KvUv - 500 Mªvg k³ Qvbv ev cwbi †P․‡Kv K‡i KvUv -250 Mªvg

4
gUikuzwU - 25 Mªvg †cuqvR - 1wU eo (evUv)
Av`v evUv cwogvY gZ †Zj -200 Mªvg
j¼v - 2 PvgP byb I njy` - cª‡qvRb gZ
†duvob - 2wU †ZRcvZv I †MvUv wR‡i Aí wgwó - ¯^v` gZb

c×wZ t

gvki‚g GKUz fuvwc‡q †P‡c Rj Swi‡q wbb| cwbi ev k³ Qvbv †hUvB wbb bv †Kb Zv
†P․‡Kv †P․‡Kv K‡i †K‡U †Z‡j ev`vgx K‡i †f‡R wbb| Gevi †Zj KovB‡Z w`‡q †ZRcvZv, Mig
gkjv I wR‡i †duvob w`‡q gvki‚g †Q‡o w`b Ges cy‡iv gkjv evUv w`‡q Kl‡Z _vKzb| Zv‡Z
gUikuzwUI w`‡q w`b| gkjv Klv n‡q †M‡j Zv‡Z Aí Aí Rj, byb, wgwó Ges cwbi ¸‡jv w`‡q
†X‡K w`b Ges gvLv gvLv K‡i bvwg‡q wbb|

gvki“g gUikuzwU gkjv t

DcKiY t

gvki‚g - 250 Mªvg meyR gUi - 250 Mªvg U‡gv‡Uv - 1wU gvSvwi gv‡ci
Av`v evUv - 1 PvgP †cuqvR evUv - 2 PvgP j¼v evUv - 1 PvgP
byb, njy` I wgwó - Av›`vR gZ a‡b cvZv KzwP - cwigvY gZ|

c×wZ t

gvki‚g¸wj wb‡q WuvUvi †klvsk ev` w`‡q cwi¯‥vi R‡j ay‡q Uzwc I WuvUv †K‡U UzK‡iv K‡i
wbb| KovB Auv‡P ewm‡q †Zj Mig K‡i Zv‡Z me gkjv w`‡q Kl‡Z _vKzb| wKQz¶Y ci gvki‚g I
gUi †Q‡o w`‡q KlyY| byb, njy` wgwó Klvi mgqB w`‡q w`b| KovB‡Z gvki‚g I gUi gkjvi
wgkªY ev`vgx i‡Oi n‡q G‡j GK Kvc gZ Rj w`‡q 8-10 wgwbU †m× Ki‚b| me †m× n‡q †M‡j
a‡b cvZv KzwP Qwo‡q Mig Mig cwi‡ekb Ki‚b| (ïK‡bv gUi 8-10 N›Uv Av‡M wfwR‡q †i‡L
†`‡eb)|

gvki“g c‡Kvov t

DcKiY t

gvki‚g-100 Mªvg †emb t 100 Mªvg, wWg - 1wU †cuqvR - 1wU Kz‡Pv‡bv
KuvPv j¼v - 2wU Kz‡Pv‡bv byb I njy` Av›`vR gZ Lvevi †mvWv - 1 wPgwU
5
widvBb †Zj (fvRvi Rb¨)

c×wZ t
gvki‚g¸‡jv fv‡jv K‡i cwi¯‥vi R‡j ay‡q wbb| gvki‚g hw` AvKv‡i eo nq Zvn‡j Zv `y -
UzK‡iv K‡i wbb| GLb †em‡b wWg †f‡O Zv‡Z †cuqvR KzwP, j¼v KzwP, byb, njy`, Lvevi †mvWv Ges
cª‡qvRb gZ Rj w`b I GKwU Nb †jB gZb •Zix Ki‚b| KovB‡Z cª‡qvRbgZ widvBb †Zj Mig
Ki‚b| Gevi gvki‚g UzK‡iv¸‡jv‡K `ynv‡Zi PvUz‡Z wb‡q Rj Swi‡q wb‡q is bv nIqv ch©š—
D‡ëcv‡ë fvRyb I Mig Mig Ae¯’vq m‡mi m‡½ cwi‡ekb Ki‚b| GwU we‡K‡j Pv‡qi m‡½
cwi‡ekb Ki‚b|

gvki“g c‡ivUv t

DcKiY t
gvki‚g -250 Mªvg gq`v - 500 Mªvg Avjy †m× 4wU eo
†ewKs cvDWvi - 1 PvgP †Zj - 200 Mªvg (†h †Kvb widvBÛ †Zj) Avav Pv PvgP Kv‡jv wR‡i
imyb euvUv - 3 PvgP byb - 2 PvgP

c×wZ t
cª_g gvki‚g¸wji †euvUv Qvwo‡q Avjyi m‡½ †cªmvi KzKv‡i GKmv‡_ †m× K‡i wbb| Gi ci
gvki‚g IAvjy GKmv‡_ PU‡K wbb| Gevi 2 PvgP †Zj, †ewKs cvDWvi, Kv‡jv wR‡i, m‡½ Avjy I
gvki‚g gvLv gq`vi m‡½ wgwk‡q w`b| Zv‡Z imyb evUv, Aí gvLb I mvgvb¨ Rj w`‡q k³ K‡i
gq`v gvLyb| Gevi H gvLvUv †_‡K GKwU GKwU K‡i †jwP †K‡U wb‡q I †e‡j PvUz‡Z Aí †Zj w`‡q
GwcV IwcV ev`vgx K‡i †f‡R Zzjyb I m‡mi m‡½ cwi‡ekb Ki‚b|

gvki“g AvPvi t
UvUKv Kuzwo ai‡Yi fvj QvZz (gvki‚g) evQvB K‡i fv‡jv fv‡e ay‡q IRb K‡i wbb| †Lvmv
Qvwo‡q mvaviY fv‡e KvUzb| 15 kZvsk (cªwZ wjUvi R‡j 150 Mªvg) jeYhy³ R‡j 5 wgwbU
†dvUvb| Zvici Zz‡j Rj Si‡Z w`b|

6
 Dcv`vb ZvwjKv

(1) N‡ivqv gvc (11)

gvki‚g 1 wKt Mªvt wjUvi g‡Mi †`o gM UzK‡iv
mwilv †Zj 400 Mªvt 4 Pv-Kvc
mwilv 25 ÕÕ 1/4 ÕÕ
ïK‡bv j¼v 25 ÕÕ 40 wU
wRiv 10 ÕÕ 2 Pv PvgP
a‡b 10 ÕÕ 3 ÕÕ
njy` ¸u‡ov 10 ÕÕ 2 ÕÕ
A¨v‡mwUK A¨vwmW 20 wgt wjt 4 ÕÕ

IRb Kiv †Z‡ji A‡a©K cwigvY wb‡q fvcv‡bv UzK‡ivi m‡½ Aí Auv‡P (5-10 wgwbU)
fvRyb hv‡Z Av‡iv wKQzUv big nq| Gevi cvÎwU‡K vwg‡q †i‡L w`b Ges evwK †Zj Ab¨ GKwU
c¨v‡b †X‡j c¨vbwU‡K Dby‡b Pvwc‡q w`b| IRb Kiv wPwb †_‡K `y-PvgP gZ G‡Z w`b| ev`vgx
†dbvi AvKv‡i wPwb †f‡m DV‡j Ges †Zj Mig n‡j evUv gkjv w`‡q Aí Auv‡P fvRyb; fvj MÜ
†ei‚‡j mi‡l evUv, me‡k‡l njy` wgwk‡q fvj K‡i †b‡o A¨v‡mwUK A¨vwmW Ges Aewkó wPwb †hvM
K‡i bvgvb| GLb fvRv gkjv I UzK‡iv GK‡Î fvjfv‡e wgwk‡q GKivwÎ ivLyb| ciw`b GKUz gy‡L
w`‡q Ges cª‡qvRb n‡j ¯^v` wVK Ki‚b| Zvici Aí¶‡Yi Rb¨ Av¸‡b ewm‡q †b‡o RxevYygy³
†evZ‡j c¨vK Ki‡eb|
Pv‡li gvki‚‡gi †Lvmv Qvov‡bvi cª‡qvRb †bB, †Kej ay‡q wb‡jB n‡e|
GB AvPv‡i 25% wgkª AvPvi †gkv‡j fv‡jv dj cvIqv hvq|

†ivM I †cvKv t
†ivM †cvKv msµvš— wKQz mgm¨vmg~n hv mvaviYZ PvlxfvBiv gy‡LvgywL n‡q _v‡Kb t

†ivMmg~n t

e¨vKwUwiqv t gvki‚g wmwjÛv‡i e¨vKwUwiqv‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg ¶wZKvix wmD‡Wv‡gvbvm

(Pseudomonas tolaasii) | GB †iv‡Mi Ab¨Zg j¶Y nj Kgjv is Gi weeY©Zv Ges Kg
Drcv`bkxjZv| Gi msµg‡Y Avµvš— gvki‚‡gi ¯’vwqZ¡Kvj K‡g hvq| AZ¨waK Av‡cw¶K
© v, Ach©vß evqyi MwZwewa, ¯—‡ii AZ¨waK DòZv (350 †m. Gi Ici) Ges AZ¨waK
Av`ªZ
Av`ªZ
© v P. tolassii i msµgY evwo‡q †Zv‡j|

QÎvK t wSbyK gvki‚g Pv‡l Avgiv mPivmPi †hme QÎv‡Ki mb¥zLxb nB Zv‡`i g‡a¨
wbæwjwLZ cªvRvwZ¸wj Ab¨Zg- Aspergillus, Botrytis, Coprinus, Fusarium, Monilia,
7
Mucor, Penicillium, Trichoderma| avb-M‡gi L‡oi ¯—‡i bvB‡U«v‡Rb mg„× Lv`¨mg~n †ewk
gvÎvq _vK‡j QÎv‡Ki msµg‡Yi m¤¢vebv e„w× cvq| ¯—‡ii ZvcgvÎv 35 wWMªx †mjwmqv‡mi
†ewk n‡jI msµgY e„w× cvq| ¯—‡ii AZ¨waK ZvcgvÎv e„wׇZ gvki‚g exR ¶wZMª¯— nq|
Abym~Î RwjKvi e„w× e¨nZ nq Ges ¯—i Coprinus spp. Ges Trichoderma spp. Øviv Avµvš—
nIqvi m¤¢vebvI e„w× cvq|

†cvKvmg~n t we‡klZ Mªx®§Kv‡j †iv‡Mi †_‡K †cvKv‡`i Øviv gvki‚g Kjv †ewk ¶wZMª¯— nq|
gvki‚‡gi ¸i‚Z¡c~Y© KxUk΂‡`i g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg nj gvwQ hviv Cecidomyiidae (Mycophila
spcyeri), Scotopsidae, Sciaridae (Lycoella solari) Ges Phoridae (Megaselia halterata,
M. migra) cwievifz³ | wSbyK gvki‚‡gi †gUvwjK Ask (Primordia) ivmvqwbK †¯úªi ev®ú
ev fv‡ci cªwZ AZ¨š— ms‡e`bkxj ZvB KxUbvkK e¨envi K‡i KxUk΂‡`i wbqš¿Y KivUv
GKUz KwVb| G‡`i AZ¨waK Avµg‡Y gvki‚g¸wj ¸‛QvKv‡i dzjKwci gZ weK…Z †Pnviv
†bq| ZvB G‡¶‡Î wewfbœ iK‡gi gvwQ aivi duv‡`i e¨envi Ges cwi¯‥vi cwi‛QbœZv eRvq
ivL‡j G‡`i AvµgY A_©‣bwZK Pig mxgvi bx‡P ivLv hvq| Av‡gwiKvi GK M‡elYvjä d‡j
†`Lv hvq DcKvix e¨KwUwiqv Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis Gi †¯úªiƒ‡c e¨envi
PgrKvi Kvh©Kix|

weK…Z d«“U ewW t

A‡bKmgq †`Lv hvq Drcvw`Z gvki‚‡gi d«‚UewW weK…Z AvKvi †bq| Gi g~j KviY
¸‡jv nj Ach©vß evqy PjvPj, †auvqv, ivmvqwbK †¯úªi ev®ú, ¯—‡ii AZ¨waK DòZv, d«‚wUs Gi
mgq G‡Kev‡i Kg ZvcgvÎv (10 wWwMªi bx‡P) Ges Ach©vß Av‡jv|

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1. Mushroom : The art of cultivation (2nd & enlarged edition - 1995) Singh
2. Mushroom cultivation - J.N. Kapoor
3. Mushroom cultivation-Instructional-Cum-Practical manual-V.S. Mehrotra
4. Technical guidelines for mushroom growing in the tropics. T.H. Quimio, S. T.
Chang & D. J. Royse.
5. Mushroom for livelihood-Dr. Vijaya Khader
6. Edible mushroom & their cultivation-Chang
7. Mushroom : Pest & disease control-Flectcher
8. Science & cultivation of Edible Mushroom-Singh
9. Mushroom_ICAR, New Delhi-12
10. Mushroom Growing of Today - Atkins, F. C.
11. Hand book on Mushroom (3rd ZEdition) – Nita Bahl.
12. Indian Agriculture 1996 – Vikas Singhal.
13. Mushroom Directory for West Bengal – Vivekananda Institute of Biotechnology.
Nimpith, 24 Pgs(s)
14. Abstracts of National Symposium on Mushroom, 1991 - Org. by Kerala
Agricultural University.
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18. gvki‚g ev QvZzi Pvl - myavsïf‚lY P‡Ævcva¨vq
19. K…wl wRÁvmv – Wt Avb›`Kzgvi gÛj
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21. gvki‚g Pv‡li cªv‡qvwMK c_ wb‡`©wkKv - KzBwgI, P¨vO I iq‡m
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