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    Magnetism and Matter

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    Sanay
    1. The document provides important terms, definitions, and formulae related to magnetism and matter. It discusses the behavior of magnetic materials and poles, as well as the forces, torques, and potential energies involved when magnets interact with magnetic fields. 2. Formulas are given for the magnetic field created by a bar magnet, and Gauss's law for magnetism. The magnetic properties of the Earth are also described. 3. The document defines magnetic intensity, magnetization, susceptibility, relative permeability, and how these relate to the magnetic field in both external and magnetic materials. It also classifies magnetic materials as diamagnetic, paramagnetic or ferromagnetic based on their susceptibility.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Magnetism and Matter

    Uploaded by

    Sanay
    23 views3 pages
    1. The document provides important terms, definitions, and formulae related to magnetism and matter. It discusses the behavior of magnetic materials and poles, as well as the forces, torques, and potential energies involved when magnets interact with magnetic fields. 2. Formulas are given for the magnetic field created by a bar magnet, and Gauss's law for magnetism. The magnetic properties of the Earth are also described. 3. The document defines magnetic intensity, magnetization, susceptibility, relative permeability, and how these relate to the magnetic field in both external and magnetic materials. It also classifies magnetic materials as diamagnetic, paramagnetic or ferromagnetic based on their susceptibility.

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    magnetism-and-matter

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    1. The document provides important terms, definitions, and formulae related to magnetism and matter. It discusses the behavior of magnetic materials and poles, as well as the forces, torques, and potential energies involved when magnets interact with magnetic fields. 2. Formulas are given for the magnetic field created by a bar magnet, and Gauss's law for magnetism. The magnetic properties of the Earth are also described. 3. The document defines magnetic intensity, magnetization, susceptibility, relative permeability, and how these relate to the magnetic field in both external and magnetic materials. It also classifies magnetic materials as diamagnetic, paramagnetic or ferromagnetic based on their susceptibility.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    23 views3 pages

    Magnetism and Matter

    Uploaded by

    Sanay
    1. The document provides important terms, definitions, and formulae related to magnetism and matter. It discusses the behavior of magnetic materials and poles, as well as the forces, torques, and potential energies involved when magnets interact with magnetic fields. 2. Formulas are given for the magnetic field created by a bar magnet, and Gauss's law for magnetism. The magnetic properties of the Earth are also described. 3. The document defines magnetic intensity, magnetization, susceptibility, relative permeability, and how these relate to the magnetic field in both external and magnetic materials. It also classifies magnetic materials as diamagnetic, paramagnetic or ferromagnetic based on their susceptibility.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    u

    Formulae For  MAGNETISM AND MATTER


    1
    1 11
    1
    1
    By Mir Mohammed Abbas II PCMB 'A'
     
    CHAPTER FORMULAS
      & NOTES

    Important Terms, Definitions & Formulae

    Key Learnings
    1. Magnetic materials tend to point in the north – south direction.

    Like magnetic poles repel and unlike ones attract.

    Cutting a bar magnet in two leads to two smaller magnets.

    Magnetic poles cannot be isolated.


    
    2. When a bar magnet of dipole moment m is placed in a uniform
    
    magnetic field B ,

    a. The force on it is zero


     
    b. The torque on it is m x B
     
    c. Its potential energy is - m. B , where we choose the zero of energy
     
    at the orientation when m is perpendicular to B
    
    3. Consider a bar magnet of size  and magnetic moment m , at a
    
    distance r from its mid – point, where r >>  , the magnetic field B due

    to this bar is,


    
     µ m
    B 0
     along axis
    2πr3
    
    µ0 m
      along equator 
    4πr3

    4. Gauss’s law for magnetism states that the net magnet flux through

    any closed surface is zero


     
     
     B.S  0
    all area 
    elements S
    CHAPTER FORMULAS & NOTES
    2 2

    5. The pole near the geographic north pole of the earth is called the north

    magnetic pole.

    The pole near the geographic south – pole is called the south magnetic

    pole.

    The magnitude of the magnetic field on the earth’s surface = 4 x 10-5

    T.

    6. Three quantities are needed to specify the magnetic field of the earth

    on its surface – the horizontal component, the magnetic declination,

    and the magnetic dip.

    These are known as the elements of the earth’s magnetic field.


    
    7. Consider a material placed in an external magnetic field B0 .

    The magnetic intensity is defined as,


    
     B0
    H
    µ0

    
    The magnetization M of the material is its dipole moment per unit

    volume.
    
    The magnetic field B in the material is,
      

    B  µ0 H  M 
       
    8. For a linear material M   H . So that B  µH and

     : Magnetic susceptibility of the material.

    µr: Relative magnetic permeability

    µ the magnetic permeability area, related as follows:

    µ = µ 0 µr
    CHAPTER FORMULAS & NOTES 3 2

    µr = 1 + 

    9. Magnetic materials are broadly classified as; diamagnetic,

    paramagnetic and ferromagnetic.

    For diamagnetic materials  is negative and small.

    For paramagnetic materials  is positive and small.

     
    For ferromagnetic materials  lies between B and H .

    10. Substances, which at room temperature, retain their ferromagnetic

    property for a long period of time are called permanent magnets.

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