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    Human Movement and Bones: Ms. Marcheli Alexandra, S.PD Junior High Sekolah Global Mandiri Cibubur 2018-2019

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    Andy Warhol
    Cartilage and bone are two types of connective tissues that make up the skeletal system. Cartilage is more flexible but less durable than bone. There are three types of cartilage - hyaline, fibro, and elastic - each found in different parts of the body. Bone is a living tissue composed of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Bones come in different shapes and have either a compact dense outer layer or spongy inner structure. The skeletal system functions to support the body, allow movement, protect organs, make blood cells, and store minerals. It is divided into the axial skeleton of the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum, and the appendicular skeleton of the shoulders, arms,

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    Human Movement and Bones: Ms. Marcheli Alexandra, S.PD Junior High Sekolah Global Mandiri Cibubur 2018-2019

    Uploaded by

    Andy Warhol
    18 views19 pages
    Cartilage and bone are two types of connective tissues that make up the skeletal system. Cartilage is more flexible but less durable than bone. There are three types of cartilage - hyaline, fibro, and elastic - each found in different parts of the body. Bone is a living tissue composed of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Bones come in different shapes and have either a compact dense outer layer or spongy inner structure. The skeletal system functions to support the body, allow movement, protect organs, make blood cells, and store minerals. It is divided into the axial skeleton of the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum, and the appendicular skeleton of the shoulders, arms,

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    Cartilage and bone are two types of connective tissues that make up the skeletal system. Cartilage is more flexible but less durable than bone. There are three types of cartilage - hyaline, fibro, and elastic - each found in different parts of the body. Bone is a living tissue composed of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Bones come in different shapes and have either a compact dense outer layer or spongy inner structure. The skeletal system functions to support the body, allow movement, protect organs, make blood cells, and store minerals. It is divided into the axial skeleton of the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum, and the appendicular skeleton of the shoulders, arms,

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    18 views19 pages

    Human Movement and Bones: Ms. Marcheli Alexandra, S.PD Junior High Sekolah Global Mandiri Cibubur 2018-2019

    Uploaded by

    Andy Warhol
    Cartilage and bone are two types of connective tissues that make up the skeletal system. Cartilage is more flexible but less durable than bone. There are three types of cartilage - hyaline, fibro, and elastic - each found in different parts of the body. Bone is a living tissue composed of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. Bones come in different shapes and have either a compact dense outer layer or spongy inner structure. The skeletal system functions to support the body, allow movement, protect organs, make blood cells, and store minerals. It is divided into the axial skeleton of the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum, and the appendicular skeleton of the shoulders, arms,

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 19

    HUMAN MOVEMENT

    AND BONES
    Ms. Marcheli Alexandra, S.Pd
    Junior High
    Sekolah Global Mandiri Cibubur
    2018-2019
    Bone vs Cartilage
    • Cartilage (tulang rawan)
    Cartilage is a living connective tissue which is strong and flexible.It is mainly composed of
    cells called chondrocytes which are mixed with collagen or elastin fibers. It is found in
    different forms in our body and serves multiple functions.
    There are three types of cartilage:
    1. Hyaline- most common, found in the ribs, nose, larynx, trachea. Is a precursor
    of bone.
    2. Fibro- is found in invertebral discs, joint capsules, ligaments.
    3. Elastic- is found in the external ear, epiglottis and larynx.

    .
    Bone vs Cartilage
    • Osteon (tulang keras)
    • It is a highly vascular living tissue, supplied with blood vessels, and comprises three
    types of bone cells: osteoblasts (progenitor cells), osteocytes (mature bone cells) and
    osteoclasts.
    • A bone can be classified into long, short, flat, irregular, sesamoid and sutural bones.
    • Its tissue is of two types: compact and spongy. Accordingly, a bone can be a compact
    or spongy bone. Compact bone is dense and compact and forms the outer layer of the
    bone. Spongy bone is a spongy, honeycomb-like structure which forms the inner part of
    the bone. At the time of birth, we have around 300 soft bones in our body. As we grow
    some of the bones fuse together due to which an adult skeleton has around 206 bones.
    Bone structure
    Spongy (Cancellous) Bone
    • Spongy bone contains
    osteocytes housed in
    lacunae, but they are
    not arranged in
    concentric circles.
    Instead, the lacunae
    and osteocytes are
    found in a lattice-like
    network of matrix
    spikes
    called trabeculae (sin
    gular = trabecula)
    Compact Bone
    • The microscopic structural unit of compact
    bone is called an osteon, or Haversian
    system.
    • Osteon is composed of concentric rings of
    calcified matrix called lamellae (singular =
    lamella). Running down the center of each
    osteon is the central canal, or Haversian
    canal, which contains blood vessels,
    nerves, and lymphatic vessels. These
    vessels and nerves branch off at right
    angles through a perforating canal, also
    known as Volkmann’s canals, to extend to
    the periosteum and endosteum.
    • The osteocytes are located inside spaces
    called lacunae (singular = lacuna), found at
    the borders of adjacent lamellae. As
    described earlier, canaliculi connect with
    the canaliculi of other lacunae and
    eventually with the central canal. This
    system allows nutrients to be transported
    to the osteocytes and wastes to be
    removed from them.
    Picture

    Compact bone longitudinal section


    Compact bone
    longitudinal
    section. Micro
    Bone
    Classified by shape :
    Bone
    Ossification
    • Intramembran Ossification

    Filled by
    Osteoblast Osteosit Matrix
    Ca & P
    Ossification
    Skeletal system
    SKELETAL FUNCTION
    1. Movement: Skeletal system 3. Protection: The bones of your
    provides points of attachment for skull protect your brain. Your
    muscles. Your legs and arms move ribs protect your lungs and
    when the muscles pull on the bones.
    heart from injury.

    4. Makes Blood: Red and white


    2. Support: The backbone is the blood cells are formed by tissue
    main support center for the upper
    body. It holds your head up and called marrow, which is in the
    protects your spinal cord. center of the bone.

    5. Storage: Bones store minerals, such


    as calcium and phosphorus, for use by
    the body
    Skeletal system: Two Major Skeletal
    System Parts
    • Axial Skeleton: The axial
    skeleton includes the
    skull, spine, ribs and
    sternum.

    • Appendicular Skeleton:
    The appendicular
    skeleton includes the
    appendages of the body,
    which are the shoulders,
    arms, hips, and legs.
    Skeletal system: Axial (SKULL)
    Skeletal system: Axial :SPINE
    • CV=7
    • TV=12
    • LV=5
    • SV=5
    • Cocyx = 4
    Write here in bahasa!
    Skeletal system: Axial (Strenum and Ribs)
    Skeletal system: Upper Appendicular /
    Upper Limbs (Shoulder)
    Skeletal system: Upper Appendicular /
    Upper Limbs (Pelvic)
    Lower Limbs

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