LESSON PLANNING

I. Objectives

At the end of the lesson, students must be able to: (KAS domain)- Bloom’s Taxonomy

1. Determine the function of the autonomic nervous system

2. State that the two branches of the Autonomic Nervous System are the sympathetic and
parasympathetic nervous system.

3. Contrast the actions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

4. Describe dysfunction, of the autonomic nervous system and treatment.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: Autonomic Nervous System

Subtopic: Parts and Function of the Autonomic Nervous System

Reference: https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-the-autonomic-nervous-system-2794823

Materials: PowerPoint, cellphone

III. Teaching Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Preliminary Activities

-Creating link for the synchronous class.

-Admitting student joining the link

*Greetings
Good morning class! Good morning ma’am!

*Checking of attendance.
Class secretary, do we have any absent for (The class secretary will report the attendance of
today? today)
Class kindly open your camera for the ( The class opens their camera for the
documentation. documentation)
C. Motivation
-Before we start to our lesson, I have prepared
an activity for you to have an idea of our lesson.
-If you wish to answer just please raise your
hand. Let’s start. -Yes ma’am!
1.It is made up of the brain, spinal cord and
nerves. It is the body’s communication systems -(Raised hands)
that controls much of what your body does.

VENRSUO TSYSEM
-Yes ms.?
-Very good ms. -Nervous System ma’am
-number 2

2. Is the part of the autonomic nervous system

that is usually active. It controls -Parasympathetic ma’am
many of our bodily functions including digestion
and relaxation.

SYMATHETICARAP
-yes mr?
-very good

3. Also known as the involuntary system. It

directs the body’s rapid involuntary
response to dangerous or stressful situation.

PYTCISAMTHE -sympathetic
-yes ms?
-verygood
4. A division of the autonomic nervous system
whose component neurons lie within the walls of
the digestive organs.

TIRENEC -enteric
-yes ms?
-very good
5. The number of times the heart beats in the
space of a minute.

AHRET TEAR -heart rate

-yes mr?
-verygood
6.Is an autonomic sympathetic nervous system
response that can provide indices of Attention,
interest, or emotion and is correlated with
mental workload and arousal.

ILPUP TINOLDIA -pupil dilation

-yes mr?
-verygood
7. Is the pressure circulating blood on the walls of
blood vessels.

LOBDO URESPESR -blood pressure

-yes mr?
-verygood
8. Is the process of moving air into and from the
lungs to facilitate gas exchange With the internal
environment, mostly to flush out carbon dioxide
and bring in Oxygen.

GTHBAREIN
-yes ms?
-Very good -breathing
9. Refers to breakdown of food into smaller
components that can be absorbed into the
bloodstream.

STIDNOIGE
-yes ms? -digestion
-verygood
D. Presentation of the Lesson
- So the activity I gave has connection to our
lesson for today which is the Autonomic Nervous
System. So let’s proceed to our lesson:
E. Lesson Proper
-Today we will discuss about the autonomic
nervous system functions, division, dysfunction
treatment and other related to the topic.
- I have a PowerPoint presentation here to
enlighten you more about the topic.
- Please read the first slide ms.?
autonomic nervous system (ANS) is part of the
peripheral nervous system, and is responsible for
Thank you ms. the control of vital functions such as heart beat,
-So , the function of the ANS is the responsible breathing and digestion. It is also involved in the
for the control of vital function of the heart acute stress response where it works with the
beating, breathing and digestion. The ANS is endocrine system to prepare the body to fight or
subdivided into 2 which is the sympathetic and flight. It can be further subdivided into the
parasympathetic divisions. sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

-The ANS transmits information from and to the

internal body organs such as the liver and the
lungs. It operates automatically, and is generally
considered to be outside the realm of voluntary
control.

-Examples of the types of functions controlled by

the ANS are salivating, sweating, changing pupil
size, managing heart rate, crying, and secreting
hormones.

-The ANS therefore differs from the somatic

nervous system (another branch of the peripheral
nervous system) as this system is associated with
controlling voluntary body movements. Although
most of the functions of the ANS are automatic,
they can however work in conjunction with the
somatic nervous system.

-The ANS works by receiving information from

either external stimuli or the body. The
hypothalamus, which is right above the brain
stem, receives autonomic regulatory input from
the limbic system (a group of structures deep in
the brain which are associated with functions
such as memory, emotion, and fear). The
hypothalamus uses this input to control much of
the activity of the ANS.

-There are also three key neurotransmitters

involved for successful communication within the
ANS:
Any volunteer to read? Ma’am!? (Raise his hand)
Yes mr.? 1.Acetylcholine – primarily found within the
parasympathetic nervous system, which has an
-Thank you mr.? inhibiting effect.
Some of the function of the ANS are 2.Epinephrine – also known as adrenaline,
 Mechanism for the fight-or-flight primarily found within the sympathetic nervous
response system, which has a stimulating effect.
 Regulating blood pressure 3.Norepinephrine – also known as noradrenaline,
 Regulating heart rate primarily found within the sympathetic nervous
 Secretion of bodily fluids such as saliva, system, which has a stimulating effect.
sweat, and urine
 Breathing
 Regulating body temperature
 Pupillary responses
 Regulating metabolism
The ANS is important for regulating the body,
essential for maintain homeostasis. This means
the balance of the body’s conditions and
functions necessary for living.
More recently, the ANS is believed to be
associated with emotions. Activation of the ANS
was found when people responded to positive
and negative emotions (Shiota et al., 2011).

-Is anyone here knows the branches of ANS? Yes ma’am

Okay kindly give me the branches of ANS ms.? Ma’am , There are three branches to the ANS;
the sympathetic nervous system, the
-Very good! ms. parasympathetic nervous system, and the enteric
-The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions nervous system.
of the autonomic nervous system have the
opposite effects on various systems. The two
systems have complementary functions,
operating in tandem to maintain the body’s
homeostasis

-The nerves in the sympathetic nervous system

help to prepare the body for something
happening within the environment and expend
energy. The nerves in the parasympathetic
nervous system mostly work by regulating the
body’s functions when at rest, controlling mostly
‘quieter’ activities.

-What is sympathetic nervous system?

-Yes ms.? Ma’am! (Raise her hand)
The most noticeable function of the sympathetic
branch is during the fight-or-flight response.
-Very good ms? During conditions that are considered
threatening or stressful, the sympathetic system
-For example, when walking home alone down a activates, providing an automatic response.
dark street, this can be a scary situation for many
people. Whilst walking, your pupils may dilate,
your heart rate may increase, and you may be
sweating.

-This response to a stressful situation is caused

by the release of large quantities of the
neurotransmitter epinephrine from the adrenal
gland. Once this stimulating neurotransmitter is
released, this triggers the body’s automatic
responses. The purpose of stimulating these
bodily responses is to prepare the individual to
either escape or fight in dangerous situations.

-Although the sympathetic nervous system was

evolutionarily used in life threatening situations,
modern day life and mental health can also
trigger this response.

-Work-related stress, financial concerns, and

relationship problems are examples of when the
sympathetic nervous system can produce this
stress response.

-Similarly, those with anxiety disorders and

phobias experience high quantities of
epinephrine, resulting in them experiencing the
same autonomic responses as if they are in life-
threatening situations.
-We move on to the next branch which is the
parasympathetic division.
- Who can give me the meaning of
parasympathetic nervous system? Ma’am! (Raise his hand)

The sympathetic nervous system that is involved

in responses which help us deal with
Exactly! emergencies. It slows bodily processes that are
Thank you Mr.? less important in emergencies such as digestion.
For instance, if the temperature of a room is hot,
-The parasympathetic nervous system can also the sympathetic system will encourage the body
come into action once a threatening situation is to sweat in response to this change.
over. For instance, thinking back to the scenario
of walking home alone at night, once returned The parasympathetic nervous system is
home and the threatening situation is over, the associated with returning the body to resting
body relaxes. state functions such as regulating heart rate,
relaxing muscles, and controlling the bladder.
-The pupils will constrict, the heart rate returns This makes the parasympathetic nervous system
to a resting rhythm, and sweating is reduced or important in supporting homeostasis.
stopped.

-The parasympathetic system is therefore

important for ensuring we return to normal after
a stressful situation. Without this system, the
body will be constantly alert, draining all energy,
and can lead to chronic stress.

-Relaxing muscles, and controlling the bladder.

This makes the parasympathetic nervous system
important in supporting homeostasis.

-The parasympathetic nervous system can also

come into action once a threatening situation is
over. For instance, thinking back to the scenario
of walking home alone at night, once returned
home and the threatening situation is over, the
body relaxes.

- pupils will constrict, the heart rate returns to a

resting rhythm, and sweating is reduced or
stopped.

-The parasympathetic system is therefore

important for ensuring we return to normal after
a stressful situation. Without this system, the
body will be constantly alert, draining all energy,
and can lead to chronic stress.
-And the last division is the enteric nervous
system.
- What is enteric nervous system?
- yes Mr.?

Very good!
Ma’am! (Raise his hand)
-The neurons which comprise the enteric system
are responsible for controlling the motor
functions of the system as well as secreting The sympathetic nervous system that is involved
enzymes within the gastrointestinal tract. The in responses which help us deal with
types of neurons within the enteric system as emergencies. It slows bodily processes that are
sensory, motor, and interneurons. less important in emergencies such as digestion.
For instance, if the temperature of a room is hot,
-The neurons within this system communicate the sympathetic system will encourage the body
through many neurotransmitters, such as to sweat in response to this change.
dopamine, serotonin, and acetylcholine. The
circuits of neurons within this system as also able
to control local blood flow and modulate immune
functions.

-okay let’s proceed to the next one which is the

autonomic dysfunction.
- Who wants to read?
Ma’am!(raise her hand,)
-yes Ms.? Autonomic dysfunction, or dysautonomia, is a
condition in which the autonomic nervous system
(ANS) does not function properly.
In developed countries, the most common cause
of issues with the ANS result from diabetes
(Bishop, 2010). However, other reasons could be
due to hereditary reasons, aging, Parkinson’s
disease, cancer, or chronic fatigue syndrome.
Other reasons could be inflicted onto someone
- Thank you Ms. via damage to the head, damage to the neck
-If someone believes they may have an issue with nerves, alcohol and drug abuse or infections.
their ANS, they could be displaying one or more
of the following symptoms:

• Abnormally high or low blood

pressure
• Lack of pupillary response
• Severe anxiety or depression
• Digestive issues
• Breathing
• Lack of sweating or too much
sweating
 • Tachycardia (abnormally fast
heart rate)
• Incontinence issues
• Feeling achy, or experiencing
pains
• Light-headedness
• Feeling faint or actually fainting

-Autonomic neuropathy refers to the damage of

autonomic nerves. These are disorders which can
affect the sympathetic nerves, parasympathetic
nerves, or both.

-The features of autonomic neuropathy include

having a fixed heart rate, constipation, abnormal
sweating, decreased pupil size, and absent or
delayed light reflexes (Bankenahally & Krovvidi,
2016).
- There are a number of other disorders which
can be the result of ANS dysfunction
- Who can give me?
-yes Mr.?

Ma’am( raise his hand)

Acute autonomic paralysis – associated with
spinal cord injury, resulting in acute and
uncontrolled hypertension.

Multiple system atrophy – a rare condition which

causes gradual damage to the nerve cells. Pure
autonomic failure – dysfunction of many
processes controlled by the ANS.

Very good! Mr.? Familial dysautonomia – also known as Riley-Day

-Autonomic Dysfunction Diagnosis and syndrome. This is an inherited condition where
Treatment the nerve fibers do not function properly so these
-If experiencing the aforementioned symptoms individuals have trouble feeling pain,
and an individual wants to know whether this is temperature, pressure, and positioning their
related to their ANS being dysfunctional, there arms and legs.
are many tests that can be carried out,
depending on the symptom that is being
experienced.

-For instance, if experiencing abnormal heart

rhythms, a doctor may use an electrocardiogram
to measure electrical activity within the heart.

-Blood pressure monitors can also be used to

test whether blood pressure is abnormally high
or low. Sweat tests can be used to assess
whether the sweat glands are functioning
properly.

-This involves the use of electrodes to stimulate

the glands and measure the sweat volumes
produced when presented with a stimulus.
Pupillary light reflex tests can also be used to
determine how sensitive pupils are to changes in
light and whether they respond appropriately or
not.

-These types of physical examinations are

required if someone believes they may have an
issue with their ANS. Typically, if there is an issue,
this may require a lot of trial and error of many
tests to be able to diagnose a condition.

-To be able to treat a dysfunctional ANS, again

depends on the type of diagnosis given. For
example, if the cause of dysfunction is due to
diabetes, controlling blood sugars will be the
primary treatment. In many cases, treatment of
the underlying disease (if applicable) can allow
damaged nerves within the ANS to repair and
regenerate.

-It could be that lifestyle changes are

recommended by a doctor in order to treat ANS
dysfunction. This could be to exercise more
frequently or to modify eating habits or diet, cut
down on caffeine, or take vitamin supplements.

-Drug therapies have also shown to be effective

in helping to treat or manage ANS dysfunction.
This can include medications that are used to
lower blood pressure and non-steroid anti-
inflammatories to help control pain (especially
for fibromyalgia).

-Similarly, antidepressants and anti-anxiety

medications can assist with the symptoms of
anxiety and have been shown to help re-balance -None ma’am!
the ANS.
-So that’s the end of our discussion, any question
so far?

Geralization
- So to sum up our discussion , we talked
about the autonomic nervous system is a
component of the peripheral nervous
system that regulates involuntary
physiologic processes including heart
rate, blood pressure, respiration,
digestion, and sexual arousal. It contains
three anatomically distinct divisions:
sympathetic, parasympathetic, and
enteric. We also discussed the ANS
dysfunction, diagnosis and treatment.

G. Application
-Let us check if you really learn something today
about our discussion.
- ANS stands for? Ma’am( Raise her hand)
-yes ms.? ANS stands for Autonomic Nervous System

- So what are the 3 division of ANS? Ma’am(raise his hand)

-Yes Mr.? The three division of the ANS are the
-very good sympathetic, parasympathetic and the enteric
division.

-What does autonomic nervous system do?

-Yes Mr .? Ma’am!(raise his hand)
-very good Autonomic nervous system (ANS) is part of the
peripheral nervous system, and is responsible for
the control of vital functions such as heart beat,
breathing and digestion.

-What is the function of the sympathetic? Ma’am (raise his hand)

-Yes mr.? The sympathetic nervous system that is involved
-very good in responses which help us deal with
emergencies. It slows bodily processes that are
less important in emergencies such as digestion.
For instance, if the temperature of a room is hot,
the sympathetic system will encourage the body
to sweat in response to this change.

-What is the function of parasympathetic? Ma’am( raise her hand)

-Yes ms.? The sympathetic nervous system that is involved
in responses which help us deal with
emergencies. It slows bodily processes that are
 less important in emergencies such as digestion.
For instance, if the temperature of a room is hot,
the sympathetic system will encourage the body
to sweat in response to this change.

-What is the function of entertic? The sympathetic nervous system that is involved
- Yes mr.? in responses which help us deal with
emergencies. It slows bodily processes that are
less important in emergencies such as digestion.
For instance, if the temperature of a room is hot,
the sympathetic system will encourage the body
to sweat in response to this change.

IV. Evaluation

Answer the following questions in your own understanding.

1. What is the function of autonomic nervous system?

2. What are the 3 division of ANS?
3. What is the function of sympathetic?
4. What is the function of parasympathetic?
5. What is the function of enteric?
6. Three key neurotransmitters involved for successful communication within the ANS.

V. Assignmen

Complete the VENN DIAGRAM

Sympathetic Parasympathetic