CHENDHURAN

POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
PUDUKKOTTAI – 622507

FABRICATION OF MULTI PURPOSE SIEVING

MACHINE
PROJECT WORK 2021-2022

Done by

NAME REG NO
PRAKASHRAJ K 20214823
PRAKASH S 20214824
PUGALENTHI R 20214825
RAGHU S 20214826
RAHUL KANNAN B 20214827
RAHUL R 20214828

Report Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the

“Diploma in Mechanical Engineering” of the
Directorate of technical education,
Government of TamilNadu

Under the Guidance of

Mr.A.VEERASEKAR B.E.,
LECTURER

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

CHENDHURAN POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE

PUDUKKOTTAI – 622507
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the report titled

FABRICATION OF MULTIPURPOSE SIEVING

MACHINE

is a bonafide record of work done by

Register Number: of the Department of

Mechanical Engineering in partial fulfillment for the Directorate of Technical

Education, Government of Tamilnadu during the academic year 2019-2020

PROJECT GUIDE HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT

Mr.A.VEERASEKAR B.E., Dr.SG.SHELVARAJ, M.E, Ph.D.,

(LECTURER/MECH) HOD/MECH and PRINCIPAL

Submitted for the Board Examination held on

Internal Examiner External Examiner

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

At the outset, we express our thanks to our esteemed chairman. Thiru AVM
SELVARAJ and beloved CEO Dr. AVM.S.KARTHICK B.E.,MBA., Ph.D for their
dynamic role and for elevation of our institution to greater heights by providing us with
all the infrastructure and other essential facilities.

Also we would like to extend our thanks to our principal & also HOD of
Mechanical Engineering Department Dr. S.G.SHELVARAJ M.E.,Ph.D for his
constant effort in helping us by providing the necessary equipment and materials that
were used to build the project.

Not the more formality but from the depth of our heart, we extend our sincere
thanks to our project guide Mr.A.VEERASEKAR B.E., lecturer in Department of
Mechanical Engineering for his valuable suggestions, motivation, and constant
support.

We are really indebted to our parents, faculty members and our friends for their
timely help, and for the mental and moral support. Along with their blessing of the
almighty, we will continue to feel the success.

We would like to submit our special thanks to our Department Staff Members
and Lab Instructors and other non teaching staff for their valuable suggestions to
improve the content and quality of the project.

We also exhibit our thanks to one and all who had constantly supported us
either directly or indirectly to complete in completing this project successfully.

CONTENTS
Chapter no Title Page no

I Abstract 01

II Introduction 03

III Literature review 06

IV Selection of Materials 12

V Component Description 14

VI Assembly and Installation 17

VII Working Principle 19

VIII Diagram 21

IX Cost Estimation 23

X Features 26

XI Conclusion 28

XII References 30
CHAPTER I
ABSTRACT

1
 CHAPTER I
ABSTRACT

This paper presents the concept of Design and Fabrication of Multi-purpose

Sieving Machine mainly carried out for production-based industries. Today in this
world every task has been made quicker and fast due to technological advancement,
every industry desires to make a high productivity rate maintaining the quality and
standard of the product at a low average cost. We have developed a conceptual model of
a machine capable of performing different operations simultaneously and easily. In this
machine, we drive to the main shaft using a motor to which the slider-crank mechanism
is directly attached; the slider-crank mechanism is used for sawing operation. The table
is fixed with the crank which moves the tray to vibrate it and act as a separator with the
help of a DC motor. And motor shaft (main/driven shaft) is mounted to pulley type
mechanism. Thus the Design and fabricating of the Sieving Machine is to help the
industrial people and farmers on the global market. The advantage is to obtain the easy
separation of things according to mesh and reduction in cost associated with power
usage, increase in productivity rate and produce less space, etc

2
 CHAPTER II
INTRODUCTION

3
 CHAPTER II
INTRODUCTION

A Multipurpose sieving machine is used for the extrication of the needed

elements from unwanted material further it is used for characterizing the element to the
required size by the allocation of a sample. Using a pane such as a mesh or net. A sifter
is used to separate and break up clumps in the dry ingredient particles like sand and
flour. This project titled concentrates on providing descriptions of all the basic operation
principles and design of DC motor. In the technical, education of Sieving plays a Major
role in operations of various industries. Construction of work device under a constrain is
achieved by the systematic approach. The prime focus of the study of Sieving Machine
integrates various skills and knowledge attainment and gives orientation towards
application in practical life. It helps in intensifying the thinking and alternatives for
potential applications. Sieving is an uncomplicated practice for sorting out particles of
different sizes. Very fine small holes are used in this sieve to sift flour core. The fine
coarse particle are separated or broken up by grind against one another and screen
openings. Different types of sieves are used for the separation of industrial wastages like
bolts, nuts washers, and nails of various particle sizes of the holes. Similar types of
sieves are used for agricultural equipment.
Today’s world requires speed in each and every field. Hence rapidness and quick
working is most important. Now a day for achieving rapidness, various machines and
the equipment are being manufactured. In such a modern era of liberalization, small
scale industries are contributing in a big way to the growth of our country. New
machines and techniques are being developed continuously to manufacture various
products at cheaper rates and high quality. This project focuses in design, fabrication of
the mechanical part of machine and the system of the sieving machine. Sieving Machine
mainly depends on converting rotary motion provided by AC motor. With the help of
pulley attached to motor the Rotary Motion is converted into Reciprocating Motion with
help of Connecting Rod and Wheels. The horizontal sieving machine is worked on the
4
basis of crank and slider mechanism. The sieving box is placed inside the rail track and
the machine is started. When the sieving box moves in the reciprocating motion the
sieving process is performed. Sieving is an uncomplicated practice for sorting out the
particles of different sizes. Generally, while preparing the concrete for construction
purpose, the process of sieving is carried out manually. Sieving of sand is carried out
using rectangular mesh which is inclined at certain angle. In the present sand sieving
method, the sample is subjected to horizontal movement in accordance with the chosen
method. This causes a relative motion between the particles and the sieve.
Depending on their size the individual particles either pass through the sieve
mesh or retained on the sieve surface. There are different machines that are being used
for sand Sieving, but we demonstrate the design & fabrication of automatically driven
sand sieving machine which have low cost and simple in operation. For small scale
farming in rural areas the main aim of the cultivator is over domestic use. The harvest is
usually a small bulk. Therefore, they are not taken in for refining in major refining
factories. Here we generate an idea to solve the problem of filtering or refining the
harvested crops mainly grains, cardamom etc. This project is a domestic sieving
machine which can be used to separate or sieve or filter out dirt and unwanted particles
from the harvested crops. The machine is compatible and requires only a limited amount
of space. The machine can also sort out stones and other unwanted particles from
purchased goods or stored crops.

5
 CHAPTER III
LITERATURE REVIEW

6
 CHAPTER III

LITERATURE REVIEW

A. Design and Fabrication of Domestic Sieving Machine

Alan Biju, Alwin Thomas, Akash J Kalarickal, Jeswin Jose, Rittin Abraham Kurien,

Conventional practices like winnowing require highly expertise hand movements

considering gravity, aerodynamics and centrifugal force. This is the major difficulty
observed in the winnowing process. Nowadays people always prefer the most suitable
way to save time and energy. This project proposes a domestic sieving machine which
can easily remove unwanted particles from the grains, nuts and other pulses
automatically.

B. Automatically Driven Sand Sieving Machine

P.R. Gajbhiye ,RupeshKhode PratikSukhadeve ,VickyChaple

Construction of buildings requires sand as an important ingredient Sand is used at

different stages in construction right from the foundation to the finishing work i.e.
plaster. This sand is needs to be screened properly for various stages in construction, i.e.
size of sand for construction work is slightly coarse whereas that used for plaster work
is fine These processes are carried out manually. Sieving of sand is carried out using
rectangular mesh which is inclined at certain angle. This causes a relative motion
between the particles and the sieve. Depending on their size the individual particles
either pass through the sieve mesh or retained on the sieve surface

C. Development of NCAM Reciprocating Cassava Mash Shifter

Abiodun L.O., Oladipo N.O and Bamidele B.L.

7
The NCAM cassava mash sifter was developed to tackle the problems of high labor,
expense associated with manual sifting, time wastage, the tedious mature of the
operation, injury to the hand or palm as one rubs against the raffia sieve continuously,
back ache, caused by prolonged sitting in one position during manual sifting, low
productivity, and the hygienically unsafe nature of manual sifting as products are
exposed to germs.

D. Stacked Siever for Natural Sand Processing

W.D. Handoko, N. Widiastuti, G.S. Budi, K. Karelius, S. Pratapa

This stacked sand sieve was intended to replace conventional sieves that had several
disadvantages, including unstable speed, inefficient time in processing large amounts of
sand, and relatively higher costs incurred. This stacked sieve exhibited the following
characters: 1) composed of two sieves, 2) can be assembled easily to change the size of
the sieve, 3) had 3 variations of the sieve slope, and 4) used a gasoline motor to pro-
duce a sift speed of 25.2 cm/s and 36.4 cm/s. The sieve slopes were manually adjusted
by positioning the sieves according to the available slots on the device.

E.  Energy-based Indicators of Soil Structure by Automatic Dry Sieving

Dmitry Fomin, Maria Timofeeva, Olga Ovchinnikova, Ilya Valdes-Korovkin, Andrey

Holub, Anna Yudina

Numerous methodological approaches and fractionation procedures contribute to the

continuation of discussions about soil aggregate formation. This study aims to justify
the dry sieving procedure and suggest an optimal sieving regime for automatic shakers
for soil samples.

For this approach to calculating total sieving energy, using oscillation frequency,
vibration amplitude, and time was proposed. Retisol, Phaeozem, and Chernozem topsoil
samples from agricultural and native ecosystems were analyzed using a sieving test, in
8
which 50-kg soil samples were divided into 500–700 g subsamples and sieved with a
constant oscillation frequency (50 Hz), but with varying vibrational amplitudes (0–2.5
mm), for sieving times that ranged from 1 to 5 min. We found that the optimal sieving
regime is characterized by total sieving energy of 1850 J kg− 1, reached during 2 min of
sieving with a 50 Hz frequency and a 2.5 mm amplitude. Based on results of the dry
sieving test, we have proposed the indicators of mechanical stability of soil structure:
index of soil structure stability (SS) which characterize the degree of change in the soil
aggregates size during sieving with minimal and optimal sieving energy, and modified
the soil friability index (F4), that characterizes the rate of change in the soil aggregates
size under mechanical load by dry sieving.

The proposed formula of total sieving energy calculation allows comparing results
between soil studies. Our meta-analysis showed that most (26 of 34) studies used
insufficient sieving energy, where the aggregate size distribution did not reach the
equilibrium state. A detailed protocol for soil dry sieving analysis is provided.

F. Quality attributes of parboiled rice prepared with a parboiling process using a

rotating sieve system

Naruebodee Srisang, Thatchapol Chungcharoen

The aim of this study is to apply a rotating sieve system to the parboiling process for
parboiled rice production. The parboiling time and rotation speed were the main
production factors affecting the quality attributes of the parboiled rice, including the
degree of starch gelatinization (DG), fissure percentage, head rice yield (HRY), white
belly, and color. The results showed that the parboiling process with a rotating sieve can
decrease the parboiling time required to provide an even quality of parboiled rice. The
parboiling time for an even quality of parboiled rice was 5 min at rotation speeds of 10
and 15 rpm, while the parboiling time at a rotation speed of 5 rpm was 10 min. These

9
times were shorter than that with a fixed sieve (15 min). Moreover, the parboiling
process using a rotating sieve system provided better qualities of parboiled rice than that
using the fixed sieve system, including higher DG and HRY and lower fissure and
whiteness percentages. Additionally, the values of DG and HRY were increased with
increasing parboiling time. In contrast, the fissure and whiteness percentages of the
parboiled rice decreased. However, the quality of the parboiled rice was not dependent
on the rotation speed.

G. Shredding and sieving thermoplastic composite scrap: Method development

and analyses of the fibre length distributions

Guillaume A. Vincent, Thomas A. de Bruijn, Sebastiaan Wijskamp, Mohammed Iqbal

Abdul Rasheed, Martin van Drongelen , Remko Akkerman

Recycling of thermoplastic composites has attracted considerable attention in the recent

years. Several recycling solutions include shredding scrap to centimetre-sized flakes to
retain long fibres, followed by a remanufacturing step that prevents fibre breakage.
Determining the exact fibre length distribution (FLD) for these routes is crucial, as it is
of importance for the processibility of the material as well as the mechanical
performance of the recycled parts. In this paper, novel analysis methods are introduced
to calculate FLDs based on photographs of flakes. The reliability of the method and of
the sampling was found to be high. The relation between flake size and FLD was
studied, showing that offcut layup barely influences the FLD in comparison to flake
size. The effects of shredding settings and sieving were studied, showing a strong
correlation between machine parameters and FLD, whereas the offcut size was found to
have no effect on FLD.

H. Intelligent optimal sieving method for FACTS device control in multi-machine

systems

10
Qiang Lu, Wencong Wang, Chen Shen, Shengwei Mei, Masuo Goto, Akihiko
Yokoyama

A multi-target oriented optimal control strategy for FACTS devices installed in multi-
machine power systems is presented in this paper, which is named the intelligent
optimal sieving control (IOSC) method. This new method divides the FACTS device
output region into several parts and selects one typical value from each part, which is
called output candidate. Then, an intelligent optimal sieve is constructed, which predicts
the impacts of each output candidate on a power system and sieves out an optimal
output from all of the candidates. The artificial neural network technologies and fuzzy
methods are applied to build the intelligent sieve. Finally, the real control signal of
FACTS devices is calculated according to the selected optimal output through inverse
system method. Simulation has been done on a three-machine power system and the
results show that the proposed IOSC controller can effectively attenuate system
oscillations and enhance the power system transient stability.

11
 CHAPTER IV
PROBLEM STATEMENT

12
 CHAPTER IV
PROBLEM STATEMENT

A. Sieving of sand particles in construction, grain sorting in agriculture is done

manually and human effort is required.
B. After careful review of literature, it was found that no specific solution to separate
different sizes of grains are not available.
C. The Speed of Motor cannot be controlled so that can be set according to preference.
D. The waste which is not sorted in sieving remains in sieve after an operation it needs
to manually cleaned and remove.
E. Now days people always prefer the most suitable way to cut their cost and time.
Example in a construction where they have to finish the work before the due date. His
might be a problem. Since we have waiting long waiting for the good to arrive
F. However, sometime in big company there are high tech machine that can do this
work sieving any sub stand or mixture. But sometime in construction required a special
sieve machine that are comfortable and easy to use.
G. Traditional method gives low efficiency as it is operated manually but the automated
sand sieving machine have higher efficiency
H. Traditional method requires more labour.
I. Traditional method is more time consumed during the process of preparing the
concrete.
J. The cost of highly sophisticated machine is very high which is not affordable for
small scale foundries and low-level contractors.

13
CHAPTER V

COMPONENT

DESCRIPTION

14
 CHAPTER IV
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION

SIEVE
A sieve, fine mesh strainer, or sift, is a device for separating wanted elements
from unwanted material or for controlling the particle size distribution of a sample,
using a screen such as a woven mesh or net or perforated sheet material.[1] The
word sift derives from sieve.
Some industrial strainers available are simplex basket strainers, duplex basket
strainers, T-strainers and Y-strainers. Simple basket strainers are used to protect
valuable or sensitive equipment in systems that are meant to be shut down temporarily.
Some commonly used strainers are bell mouth strainers, foot valve strainers,basket
strainers. Most processing industries (mainly pharmaceutical, coatings and liquid food
industries) will opt for a self-cleaning strainer instead of a basket strainer or a simplex
strainer due to limitations of simple filtration systems. The self-cleaning strainers or
filters are more efficient and provide an automatic filtration solution.

WIPER
Windshield wipers are powered by a small electric motor, usually mounted on the
firewall or under the cowl (the area under the windshield’s base). The motor activates
linkage that moves the wiper arms back and forth. On vehicles with a rear window
wiper, a separate motor powers the one in the rear. Signs that a wiper motor is about to
fail include slow or intermittent operation, wipers that will operate at only one speed, or
arms that stop in the middle of the windshield when turned off. If your wipers don’t
work, the fault could also lie with other parts of the wiper system. In the winter, for
example, trying to use the wipers when the blades are stuck to the windshield because of
ice or snow can blow the fuse for the motor or trip a circuit breaker. Other possible
causes are the interior switch that controls the wipers failing, wires in the system being
damaged, or the linkage that pushes and pulls the wiper arms breaking. Moving parts in
15
the linkage may also be stuck from corrosion and/or gunk and need lubrication.

16
CHAPTER VI
ASSEMBLY AND
INSTALLATION

17
 CHAPTER VI
ASSEMBLY AND INSTALLATION

1. A table is made with the weld having a ‘C’angle type frame

2. The sieve brackets are made with sheet metal covering with the outer circular ms -
steel frame.
3. The sieve bracket with 4 legs or supports is to be attached with the guide bearings for
performing horizontal sliding motion on the table respectively.
4. The sieve bracket is connected to the driven pulley by the arm/crank.
5. There are two types of pulley i.e. driver and driven pulley. Both pulley driver and
driven are in mesh with each other with the help of a pulley belt.
6. The pulleys and motor are mounted on a table with the bearing.
7. The electric motor is placed with a nut bolt arrangement.
8. The motor shaft or main shaft is connected with the driver pulley.

18
 CHAPTER VII
WORKING PRINCIPLE

19
 CHAPTER VII
WORKING PRINCIPLE

The working principle of the Sieving Machine mainly depends on converting the rotary
motion provided by the D-C motor into the sliding motion of the sieving bracket (a
slider-crank mechanism). The motor is provided with pulley and pulley belt
arrangement to provide the required motion as it rotates the shaft connected to the
movable framing portion does back and forth motion as such the mesh attached to it
when moves or slides separate the particles and other foreign Particles of required size
based on the size of the mesh. This process can be used for as many numbers of
different sizes of particles.
1. The electric supply is given to a motor/drive.
2. Particles that are to be separated are put in a sieve first. And sieve sizes are
arranged according to our requirements.
3. As the motor gets to start, the shaft rotates (main shaft). The driver pulley
which is attached to the main shaft also rotates around its axis. And driven pulley
which is in mesh (pulley belt) with driver pulley also gets rotates.
4. A crank is connected between the driven pulley and a sieve bracket. The sieve
bracket contains 4 supports with bearings respectively. Bearing is inserted in ‘C’
angle type rod or frame and has relative motion among them.
5. As the driven pulley rotates, the crank also rotates. Further rotating of crank
connected to sieve bracket, the sieve bracket gets his sliding motion (to and fro
motion).
6. Connected Sieve bracket with 4 support and bearing causes relative motion in
the frame.
7. Due to the continuous sliding of the sieve, small/thin particles pass from
provided size mesh and big/thick particles remain above on sieve. At last, we got
the required result.

20
CHAPTER VIII
DIAGRAM

21
 CHAPTER VIII
BLOCK DIAGRAM

22
 CHAPTER IX
COST ESTIMATION

23
 CHAPTER IX
COST ESTIMATION

S.No Part Description Quantity Price

1 Wiper motor 1 Rs.900

2 Frame - Rs.800

3 Sieve 4 Rs.800

4 Link - Rs.250

Total Rs.2750

LABOUR COST:
Welding,
 Grinding,
 Power hacksaw,

24
Overhead Charges :

The overhead charges are arrived by ”manufacturing cost”

Manufacturing Cost =Material Cost +Labour Cost

= 2750 + 1500

= RS.4250

Overhead Charges = 20%of the manufacturing cost

= Rs.850
TOTAL COST:

Total cost = Material Cost +Labour Cost +Overhead

Charges Total cost = 2750 + 1500 + 850

= 5100/-

25
CHAPTER X
FEATURES

26
 CHAPTER X
FEATURES

ADVANTAGES
1. Simple in construction.
2. Nowadays, separation of different sizes of solid material is a need of hours; this
project can be used for the separation of different sizes of solid only by changing mesh
of required size.
3. Compact in size and required less space.
4. Less in weight.
5. Here different types of materials can be separated which depends on the mesh size
used.

APPLICATIONS
1. Substance industry: resin, pigment, industrial medicine, cosmetic, coatings.
2. Foodstuff industry: sugar powder, starch, salt, rice.
3. Environment: assistant detergent, active carbon.
4. Coatings: Powder coatings, pigment paints, etc.
5. Metals: Metal powders, zinc powder, copper powder, coal powder, alloys, etc.
6. Agricultural:-sorting of fruits grain.

27
CHAPTER XI
CONCLUSION

28
 CHAPTER XI
CONCLUSION

Concluding the project up to now after research four different types of sieving
machine was conceptualized to select the best considering every factor to make it more
efficient, portable and easily operable. Then the required materials were selected by
market study although the fabrication process was undoable due to condition occurred
we continued the design process in Solid works and some preliminary calculations. This
report also includes doing method of construction and research design flowchart and the
Gantt chart. According to calculations and assumptions, this type of sieving machine
will be efficient and easily operable, which can help society to learn new way of sieving
sand.

29
CHAPTER XII
REFERENCES

30
 CHAPTER XI
REFERENCES

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[4]. Ganeshram V., Achudhan M., Synthesis and characterization of phenol-
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[5]. Saritha B., Ilayaraja K., Eqyaabal Z., Geotextiles and geosynthetics for soil
reinforcement, International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, v-9, i-22,
pp5533-5536, 2014
[6]. Arun Kumar N., Srinivasan V., Krishna Kumar P., Analysing the strength of
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Applied Engineering Research, v-9, i-22, pp7749-7754, 2014.

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