Comp B 60 DLDA Ex1 Shashank Rai

Experiment 01 - Utilize logic gates to realize Boolean expressions
Learning Objectives: To Minimize the Boolean algebra and design it using logic gates
Instruments: CircuitVerse Digital Circuit Simulator
Theory: A logic gate is an idealized model of computation or physical electronic device

implementing a Boolean function, a logical operation performed on one or more binary inputs that
produces a single binary output. There are three different categories of logic gates:
● Basic logic gates: AND gate, OR gate and NOT gate

● Universal logic gates: NAND gate and NOR gate
● Exclusive logic gates: XOR gate and XNOR gate
➢ AND gate: It is a basic logic gate which is denoted by cross (x) or dot (.) symbol in a logical
expression. This gate behaves like the following truth table:
A B A.B
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
In a logical circuit, AND gate is represented by the following symbol and manner:
➢ OR gate: It is a basic logic gate which is denoted by the plus (+) symbol in a logical
expression. This gate behaves like the following truth table:
A B A+B
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
In a logical circuit, OR gate is represented by the following symbol and manner:
➢ NOT gate: It is a basic logic gate denoted by dash (‘) or bar(x̄ ) above the representingvariable
in a logical expression. The gate behaves like the following truth table:
X x̄or X’
0 1
1 0
In a logical circuit, NOT gate is represented by the following symbol and manner:
➢ NAND gate: It is a universal logic gate denoted by A.B in a logical expression. This gate’s
circuit is used in burglar alarms. It is basically a combination of an AND gate and NOT
gate. It follows the given truth table:
A B A.B
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
In a logical circuit, NAND gate is represented by the following symbols and manner:
➢ NOR gate: It is a universal logic gate denoted by A + B in a logical expression. It is

basically a combination of an OR gate and NOT gate. It follows the given truth table:
A B A+B
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0
In a logical circuit, NOR gate is represented by the following symbols and manner:
➢ XOR gate: It is a special type of logic gate denoted by A⊕B in a logical expression. Prime
example of logic of XOR gate is in staircase wiring or lights which can be operated via
more than one switch. It follows the given truth table:
A B A⊕B
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
In a logical circuit, XOR gate is represented by the following symbols and manner:
➢ XNOR gate: : It is a special type or logic gate denoted by A⊕B in a logical expression. It is basically a
combination of XNOR gate and NOT gate. It follows the given truth table:
A B A⊕B
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
In a logical circuit, XNOR gate is represented by the following symbols and manner:
Exercise:
⮚ Solve Booleans Expressions Using Logic Gates
1) AB+BC+(B+C)
Let Y= AB+BC+B+C
= B(A+C+A)+C
=B(1)+C ….A+1=1
=B+C …..B.1=B
2) A+B(A+C)+AC
Let Y=A+B(A+C)+AC
= A+AB+BC+AC
=A(1+B+C)+BC
=A(1)+BC ….A+1=1
=A+BC …. A.1=A
3) XY’(Z+YZ’)+Z’
Let Y=XY’(Z+YZ’)+Z’
=XY’Z+XY’YZ’+Z’ …….(Distributive law)
=XY’Z+X(0)Z’+Z’ ……Y.Y’=0
=XY’Z+0+Z’ ……A.0=0
=XY’Z+Z’ ………A+0=A
Applications:
1. Logic gates are used to detect exceeds of temperature or pressure and produce command
signals for the system to take required actions.
2. Allows or disallows the transmission of data through a channel.
3. Gates are also used in digital measuring instruments and in alarm circuits.
4. Logic gates are used in microcontrollers, microprocessors, electronic and electrical project
circuits, burglar alarms and embedded system applications.
Learning Outcomes: Students will able to

LO1.1 Define the various logic gates.
LO1.2 Relate the truth table of various logic gates with the output obtained.
LO1.3 Evaluate a Boolean expression using logic gates.
Course Outcome: After completion of this experiment the students will be able to solve Boolean
expressions as well as students will solve questions based on the given truth table or equations.
Conclusion: In this experiment, we explored the functions of the logic gates and learned how to
implement them in an online simulator. We learned how to simplify problem statements and tested
the output circuits using the simulator functions which ensured the results corresponded with the
truth table.
NAME: SHASHANK RAI
CLASS: COMP B
ROLL NO: 60

Comp B 60 DLDA Ex1 Shashank Rai

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Experiment 01 - Utilize logic gates to realize Boolean expressions

Instruments: CircuitVerse Digital Circuit Simulator

Theory: A logic gate is an idealized model of computation or physical electronic device

● Basic logic gates: AND gate, OR gate and NOT gate

In a logical circuit, OR gate is represented by the following symbol and manner:

➢ NOR gate: It is a universal logic gate denoted by A + B in a logical expression. It is

Learning Outcomes: Students will able to

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