NAME:MODEQUILLO, HARVEY NICOLE COURSE & YEAR:BEED 1A-

DAY DATE:01-08-23
Exercise#2.5: Who am I in the Cyber World (Digital Self)

ACTIVITY
Three Facts, One Fiction
Construct four sentences that should start with “I am______________.” Three of the four sentences should
be true about yourself. You can talk about your characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, accomplishments,
personalities, and behavior. One statement should be a lie—something that you just made up about yourself. Make
the activity more fun by making your classmates believe that the statement is true.
1. I am __________________________________________.
2. I am __________________________________________.
3. I am __________________________________________.
4. I am __________________________________________.

I am an optimistic person who likes to dance and sing

I am the only girl among my siblings
I am an adventurous person who likes to spend time with family and friends
I am spending my free time in reading books only

MY CLASSMATES TRIAL AND EFFORT TO GUESS THIS ACTIVITY BASED ON MY FACTS ABOUT
MYSELF:
ANALYSIS
1. What have you learned from the activity?
I learned from this fun activity that there are different sides of people that we don’t normally see in
real life and how important listening and understand what kind of people they are.
This activity has helped me understand the importance of social media and how people have other
personalities, characteristics and aspects of their lives that we can see in the virtual world
2. Did you learn something from your classmates that you did not know before?
Yes, I learned what are their personalities, traits, hobbies and characteristics
I learned new things from my classmates, for example are their personalities when they are at
home, their significant moments or accomplishments and what made them happy or their hobbies
3. What were the clues that helped you figure out which statements were facts and fiction?
The clues that have helped me to figure out their facts are based on how they react to certain things
and by conversing or getting to know them at first that will reveal what type of person they are
The clues that have helped me identify the facts and opinions are the past conversations that I had
with my classmates, which is listening intently to what they said and engage more about their life
outside the school, like their lifestyles and what their normal day is like when they are not at school
and when I read the facts, I connected those statements base on what I understood and observed of
my classmates
4. Were your classmates able to discern easily the facts and fiction about you? Why?
My classmates were not able to discern easily about the facts and fiction of myself because my
fiction is like a fact of myself but if my classmates read and understood the fiction, they might
have been able to identify the fiction solely base on my hobbies and how I would constantly say
that reading books are not my only escape but other hobbies as well and I am not a vocal person
when it comes to talking about myself because I usually share info about me to my friends and I
limit the things that I share to protect my privacy.
5. Applying the same activity in the virtual world or cyberworld, how do people portray themselves online?
In the virtual world, people portray themselves being the opposite of the real world,
Many people who are in social media would portray in different ways in different situations.
Through social media, we get to understand the person more without interacting with them in real
life. Some people portray themselves online by posting the happy moments of their lives. Most
people that I have encountered in the internet would mostly post pictures of themselves where they
are happy or they experienced an unforgettable moment in their lives that they want their other
friends to know the reason of their happiness while others portray their sadness and what or who
bothers them in real life. All in all, the online world cannot be easily believed as people would use
it to avoid the bad things that they want to hide in the real world.
6. What are the things that you would want to post/share online?
The things that I want to post or share are my family, friends, achievements, memories, words of wisdom,
God, my pets, my hopes, dreams and inspirational quotes
7. What are the things you want others to share online?
The things that I want others to post are body-positivity pictures, mental health awareness posts,
inspirational quotes, posts about the beauty of our country, motivational quotes, God’s wisdom
 APPLICATION AND ASSESSMENT
1. Creative work.
Form groups with three to four members. In an illustration board, make a slogan or a poster about
becoming a responsible Internet user. Use coloring materials to improve your output. Share your
output in class and record the comments/reactions of your classmates.
2. Research work.
Search from the library (books, journals, or websites) for the guidelines used in identifying fake
news. Share in class the result of your research work and your own insights about fake news.
 “BE AWARE OF WHAT YOU SHARE ‘CAUSE THEY DARE TO CARE”

My classmates
reactions/comment of our slogan
has stated that our slogan was
straight-to-the-point as well as
spreading the awareness of our
posts and appreciating the
importance of being aware of
what we share because social
media has a wide array of users
and audiences.
 How to identify fake news

What is fake news?

Fake news refers to false or misleading information which masquerades as legitimate news.
Generally, fake news falls into two categories:

 Deliberately inaccurate stories – that is, the people publishing them know them to be false but
publish them anyway. This might be to manipulate public opinion or to drive traffic to a
specific website.
 Stories that contain elements of truth but are broadly inaccurate. This might be because the
writer hasn’t checked all their facts or has exaggerated certain aspects to make a particular
point.
Misinformation isn’t a new phenomenon – the term “fake news” was actually used in the
19th century – but the internet and soI don’cial media have transformed how it’s created and
spread. Pre-internet, people tended to receive their news from trusted media sources whose
journalists were required to follow strict codes of practice. The internet enabled new ways to
publish, share and consume news and information, with relatively little regulation or editorial
standards. Many people now consume news from social media and other online sources – but
it’s not always easy to determine which stories are credible and which are false.
Types of fake news

There are different types of fake news, depending on the motivation of those who create it.
For example:

Clickbait

Sensationalism sells, and outrageous or weird stories and distorted images drive clicks and
shares online. Clickbait refers to stories deliberately designed to get more website visitors and
increase advertising revenue for the website owners – often at the expense of truth and
accuracy.

Propaganda

This refers to false or distorted stories written to mislead audiences and promote a political
agenda or biased perspective.

Poor quality journalism

Sometimes, journalists don’t have time to check all their facts before publishing, leading to
genuine mistakes becoming fake news. However, trusted new sources will correct errors in
their stories and be transparent with readers when they’ve got things wrong.

Misleading headlines
 Sometimes a story may be broadly true, but a sensationalist or misleading headline is used to
entice readers to click on it. This can lead to fake news – since usually only the headline and
small snippets of the article are displayed on social media, where it can quickly spread.

Imposter content

This is when genuine news sources are impersonated with false, made-up stories to deceive
or mislead audiences.

Satire or parody

Some fake news is published for entertainment value. For example, satirical stories use
humor, irony, or exaggeration to joke about the news or famous people. These stories don't
attempt to mislead audiences because they aren't meant to be taken seriously. Notable
examples of satirical websites include The Onion and The Daily Mash.
High-profile politicians have been known to dismiss stories they disagree with – which may
be factual and verified – as “fake news”. Because the term “fake news” is expansive and
means different things to different people, it can be contested. In 2018, the British
Government banned the term from official papers or documents, claiming it was too poorly
defined to be meaningful. Instead, it prefers to use the terms "misinformation"
and "disinformation" when describing false stories:
 Disinformation– fake or misleading stories created and shared deliberately, often by a writer
who might have a financial or political motive to do so.
 Misinformation – this also means fake or misleading stories, but in this case, the stories may
not have been deliberately created or shared with the intention to mislead.
How does fake news work?

Fake news is often spread through fake news websites, which, in an attempt to gain
credibility, often emulate authentic news sources. According to research, social media
enables false claims to spread quickly – more quickly, in fact, than real news. Fake news
spreads rapidly because it’s typically designed to grab attention and appeal to emotions –
which is why it often features outlandish claims or stories which provoke anger or fear.

Social media feeds often prioritize content based on engagement metrics – that is, how often
it’s shared and liked – rather than how accurate or well-researched it is. This approach can
allow clickbait, hyperbole, and misinformation to spread widely. Social media companies are
seen as platforms rather than publishers, which means they don’t have the same legal
liabilities as traditional media outlets – although this may change as the political and legal
landscape evolves.

Social media bots can spread fake news since they mass produce and spread articles,
regardless of the credibility of their sources. Bots can create fake accounts online, which then
gain followers, recognition, and authority – some of which are programmed to spread
misinformation.
Trolls – internet users who deliberately try to start arguments or upset people – also play a
part in spreading fake news. Sometimes they can be paid to do so for political reasons. The
terms “troll farm” or “troll factory” are sometimes used in this context to refer to
institutionalized groups of trolls who attempt to interfere in political decision-making.

Fake news sometimes involves the use of Deepfakes. These are fake videos created using
digital software, machine learning, and face-swapping. Images are combined to create new
footage which shows events or actions that never actually took place. The results can be very
convincing and difficult to identify as false.

Fake news examples

Coronavirus fake news

The Covid-19 pandemic provided fertile ground for false information online, with numerous
examples of fake news throughout the crisis. A persistent example of fake news in social
media was the claim that 5G technology was linked to the spread of the virus – supposedly
because 5G suppressed the immune system while the virus communicated through radio
waves. These claims were not true and were repeatedly debunked by official sources but were
still shared extensively.
US presidential election in 2016
Fake news and misinformation became a big issue during the US election in 2016, with false
and misleading claims across the political spectrum. One analysis suggested that a large
proportion of fake news generated in the election was created by teenagers in Macedonia,
who found the more hyper-partisan stories they created, the more people clicked through and
shared, and the more money they made as a result.
Boston Marathon bombing
 In the wake of the Boston Marathon bombing in 2013, false claims that the bombing was an
elaborate ruse plotted by the US government circulated online. In the wake of many terrorist
events across the world, conspiracy theories are often rife. The notion that they are "false
flag" operations – i.e., carried out by the state or a secret cabal to pin the blame on others or
provide cover for other activities – is a common trope.

Kim Jong-un – the sexiest man alive?

In 2012, satirical website The Onion ran an article claiming that North Korean dictator Kim
Jong-un had been voted the sexiest man alive, declaring that "the Pyongyang-bred heartthrob
is every woman's dream come true." In an example of how satire can sometimes be
misunderstood across cultures, publications in China – including the online version of China's
Communist Party newspaper – reported the claim as though it were true.

What are the dangers of fake news?

People often make important decisions – for example, how to vote in an election or what
medical treatment to follow when they’re ill – based on what they read in the news. That’s
why trusted news is so important. The dangers of fake news include:

 When people can’t distinguish between real and fake news, it creates confusion and
misunderstanding about important social and political issues. When people have a
generalized sense of "you can't believe anything you read," it undermines overall trust in
legitimate news sources.
 Fake and misleading stories relating to medical treatments or major diseases – such as cancer
or Covid-19 – could lead to individuals making misinformed decisions about their health.
 A lot of fake news is designed to stir up and intensify social conflict. When different sides of
an argument have their own ‘facts’, it leads to greater polarization within societies and can
affect electoral outcomes.
 Universities and colleges expect students to use quality sources of information for
assignments. Students who use sources with false or misleading information could receive
lower grades.
How to identify fake news

You may be wondering how to identify fake news on Facebook and other social media sites?
As a student, how to avoid fake news? Or how to avoid accidentally sharing misinformation
online? Here are ten tips to identify misinformation, recognize fake news websites, and think
before you share:

1. Check the source:

Check the web address for the page you're looking at. Sometimes, fake news sites may have
spelling errors in the URL or use less conventional domain extensions such as ".infonet" or
".offer". If you are unfamiliar with the site, look in the About Us section.

2. Check the author:

Research them to see if they are credible – for example, are they real, do they have a good
reputation, are they writing about their specific area of expertise, and do they have a
particular agenda? Consider what the writer’s motivation might be.

3. Check other sources:

Are other reputable news or media outlets reporting on the story? Are credible sources cited
within the story? Professional global news agencies have editorial guidelines and extensive
resources for fact-checking, so if they are also reporting the story, that’s a good sign.

4. Maintain a critical mindset:

A lot of fake news is cleverly written to provoke strong emotional reactions such as fear or
anger. Maintain a critical mindset by asking yourself – why has this story been written? Is it
promoting a particular cause or agenda? Is it trying to make me click through to another
website?

5. Check the facts:

Credible news stories will include plenty of facts – data, statistics, quotes from experts, and
so on. If these are missing, question why. Reports with false information often contain
incorrect dates or altered timelines, so it’s a good idea to check when the article was
published. Is it a current or old news story?

6. Check the comments:

Even if the article or video is legitimate, the comments below may not be. Often links or
comments posted in response to content can be autogenerated by bots or people hired to put
our misleading or confusing information.

7. Check your own biases:

We all have biases – could these be influencing the way you respond to the article? Social
media can create echo chambers by suggesting stories that match your existing browsing
habits, interests, and opinions. The more we read from diverse sources and perspectives, the
more likely it is that we can draw accurate conclusions.

8. Check whether it’s a joke:

 Satirical websites are popular, and sometimes it is not always clear whether a story is just a
joke or parody. Check the website to see if it’s known for satire or creating funny stories.

9. Check images are authentic:

Images you see on social media could have been edited or manipulated. Possible signs
include warping – where straight lines in the background now appear wavy – as well as
strange shadows, jagged edges, or skin tone that looks too perfect. Bear in mind, too, that an
image may be accurate but simply used in a misleading context. You can use tools such as
Google’s Reverse Image Search to check where an image originates from and whether it has
been altered.
10. Use a fact-checking site:
Some of the best known include:
 Snopes
 PolitiFact
 Fact Check
 BBC Reality Check
Fake news relies on believers reposting, retweeting, or otherwise sharing false information. If
you're not sure whether an article is authentic or not, pause and think before you share. To
help stay safe online, use an antivirus solution like Kaspersky Total Security, which protects
you from hackers, viruses, malware, and other online threats.
REFERENCES:https://www.kaspersky.com/resource-center/preemptive-safety/how-to-identify-fake-
news

Prepared by:

_______________________________
Instructor/Professor

Checked & Verified:

_______________________________
(Name of Immediate Supervisor)
Designation

Approved:

LISLEE C. VALLE, Dev.Ed.D.

Dean, College of Education Arts and Sciences