WEEK 5

CONTROL PANEL

TYPES

Power control center (PCC Panel):

PCC panel contains all of the electrical switchgear like an air circuit breaker, MCC's, mcb, and suitable size
aluminum or copper busbar. The main circuit breaker is where the power comes into the control panel for all of the
switchgear. This circuit breaker generally has an isolate on the panel that allows us to shut off the power.
Always remember the incoming side of the breaker will still have power. The power that comes into the panel can
be anywhere from 440 volts to 800V AC.

Motor control center (MCC Panel):

In many commercial and Industry applications, multiple electric motors are required, and it is often desirable to
control some of the motors. The apparatus designed for this type of function is the motor control center panel
(MCC Panel).
When a motor operation runs with the protection of overload relays or solid-state motor controllers. An MCC
Panel manufacturer has a control from a remote or local that is called a motor control panel. There are
combinations of different types of starters like direct online (DOL) Starter or star-delta starter.
MCC Panel  (motor control center) is using for motor control of various electrical power Industries. Therefore, it is
most important in electricity. MCC panel is an Electrical control panel in LT panels. In other words, it can
control the motor from generation to production. 

Automation Panel (SCADA PLC Panel):

Automation panel (Scada PLC panel) is a Programmable digital computer also known as PLC Automation Panel is
one of the most important and efficient kinds of control panels. Which are generally used in a variety of electronic
and electrical circuit fittings. Integrated with solid PLC logic and flawless PLC hardware programming.

AMF PANEL:

Automatic Mains Failure (AMF) panels are designed to switch the electrical load of system from the
normal supply to a standby supply, normally a generator, and then back when required.

APFC PANEL:
APFC is an automatic power factor control panel which is used to improve the power factor, whenever
required, by switching ON and OFF the required capacitor bank units automatically.

DG SYNCRONIZATION PANEL:
DG synchronizing panel controls the functionality of a number of diesel generator sets. In Industries, more than one
DG sets have to be used in parallel to share the total load on the system.
 DESIGN FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED

APPLICABLE IS AND IEC STANDARDS:

 The new standard IEC 61439 is structured as follows:

 61439-1 mandatory services valid for all types of low voltage electrical panel;
 61439-2 standards for power panels;
 61439-3 standards for final distribution switchboards;
 61439-4 standards for electrical panels in a construction site;
 61439-5 standards for power distribution switchboards;
 61439-6 standards for busbar systems.

The new structure IEC 61439

– CEI EN 61439-1 is the basic rule that must accompany all 61439 family of standards (currently
their number is 5 as shown in Figure 4). This standard specifies the overall performance for all
types of panels designed, constructed and tested in single quantity, standardized and
manufactured in series. Additional general requirements may be required for electrical panels for
naval use, for railway use, for use in explosive atmospheres;

– CEI EN 61439-2 defines the requirements for isolation, protection and control of power panels
PSC Assemblies (Power Switchgear controlgear) with rated voltage ≤ 1000 V AC and 1500 V
DC.

The other standards 61439-3, 61439-4, 61439-5, 61439-6 currently have been foreseen and
planned and will definitely be made available by 2015.

LIST CONTROL PANEL COMPONENTS :

Control panel is a cabinet which contains electrical components to control the motors and
equipments.

1) CABLES:
Cables are used for the interconnection. Two types of cables are used. Power cable and
control cable.
i). Power cables (which is used to connect the motor to panel component and panel to main
supply)
ii) Control cables (which is used to connect the control circuits)
2) BUS BAR:
Incoming supply is connected to bus bar and distributed from bus bar. It is normally
made by Aluminum.

3) MCB (Miniature Circuit Breakers): MCB is a protecting device. It is used before the
feeder. This should be selected according to the capacity of the feeder
4) MCCB (Mould Case Circuit Breaker)
In most of the cases the MCCB used as an incomer for higher capacity feeders for better
protection
5) ELCB (Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker)
The ELCB is also known as RCCB. The device used for the protection against the earth
leakage current and residual current. It should be fixed before the incomer
6) INCOMER
The basic supply will connected to this incomer. It also called as SFU(Switch Fuse Unit). It
contains one handle with fuse unit. Once it is turned ON the supply will pass to the next stage
through fuse if any major fault occurs in side panel board, it will trip and it isolate supply.
7) SELECTOR SWITCH
Selector is switch is used for ON/OFF purpose and for selecting the mode of operation like
auto/manual. Starters are used for starting the motors safely. Mainly two types of starters are
there. DOL starters and Start to delta. Dol starter is enough for the motors with power less than 10
hp.
8) OVER LOAD RELAY
Over load relay is for the protection of motor from the over load. It senses the load current
and trips if it exceeds the limit. Current limit has to be set manually. It should be 80% of the
full load current.
9) TIMER
Operation of timer is similar to relay. But a delay is there for actuation. We can set the time
delay manually according to our requirement. It is very much essential for start to delta
conversion.
10) CONTACTOR: Contactor is an essential component in the control panel. It actuates when
the signal from the controller (PLC, Relay logic) comes. It is similar to relay. It is costlier
than relay. It is used for a higher load.

CONTROL WIRING ACCESSORIES WITH THEIR SPECIFICATIONS

2.MARKING

a) OUTSIDE b)INSIDE
3.DRILLING AND CUTTING:

4. MOUNTING
5. ROUTING:

6. CONNECTIONS:Here necessary connections between the components is done

7. BUNCHING:Here cable are bunched with the help of a cable tie

8. TESTING: Before givimg supply to the panel , following tests has to be done

a)Open circuit test

b) Short circuit test

c) Continuity test

After these test the panel can be used for the application it is designed for

Refence link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9rnnL6Lwe3E